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Enhancing Energy Efficiency in China: Assessment of Sectoral ENHANCING ENERGY E N HA N EFFICIENCY IN CHINA: C IN G E NE ASSESSMENT OF RGY E FF SECTORAL POTENTIALS I C IEN This report on Enhancing Energy Efficiency in China: Assessment of Sectoral Potentials uses energy and eco- CY nomic model to assess the potential for further energy efficiency improvement in the transport, building, IN industry, and power sectors. For each sector, the study identifies key high impact opportunities (HIOs) for CH energy efficiency improvement. Moreover, it also identifies the barriers for the realisation of the HIOs in each IN sector and offers a set of recommendations on how to address these barriers. A: ASSESS M This publication forms part of China and India Energy Efficiency Series. Other titles in the series EN include: T OF Best Practice and Success Stories on Energy Efficiency in Best Practice and Success Stories on Energy Efficiency in SE China India CTORAL POT Enhancing Energy Efficiency in India: Assessment of Sectoral Potentials High Impact Opportunities for Energy Efficiency in China High Impact Opportunities for Energy Efficiency in India EN T I AL S | CH IN A E NE RGY EFF I C IEN CY S E R IES COPENHAGEN CENTRE ON ENERGY EFFICIENCY ISBN: 978-87-93458-16-1 www.energyefficiencycentre.org CHINA ENERGY EFFICIENCY SERIES 978-87-93458-16-1 ENHANCING ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN CHINA: ASSESSMENT OF SeCTORAL POTENTIALS CHINA ENERGY EFFICIENCY SERIes JUNE 2017 EDITED BY Zhiyu Tian Energy Research Institute, National Development and Reform Commission Xiliang Zhang Tsinghua University, Beijing Xianli Zhu Copenhagen Centre on Energy Efficiency, UNEP DTU Partnership, Copenhagen ©2017 Copenhagen Centre on Energy Efficiency This publication may be reproduced in whole or in part and in any form for education or non-profit purposes without special permission from the copyright holder, provided acknowledgement is made. The Copen- hagen Centre on Energy Efficiency would appreciate receiving a copy of any publication that uses this publication as a source. No use of this publication may be made for resale or for any other commercial purposes whatsoever without prior permission in writing from the Copenhagen Centre on Energy Efficiency. Disclaimer This publication is an output of Copenhagen Centre on Energy Efficien- cy. The findings, suggestions, and conclusions presented in this publica- tion are entirely those of the authors and should not be attributed in any manner to UNEP or the Copenhagen Centre on Energy Efficiency. Photo credit: Cover Photo credit: Courtesy of www.shutterstock.com for all the photos on the cover. Traffic photo at upper left: Photo ID 17319595—Traffic in downtown Bei- jing, taken by sunxuejun Big photo in centre: Photo ID 475659958—A factory of bathroom pro- ducts in Jiujiang, China, taken by humphery Building photo on right: Photo ID 552094787—Bei- jing from above aerial shot, taken by SvedOliver Power plant on the right: Photo ID: 426327793—Coal fired power station with cooling towers releasing steam, taken by xiao yu Industrial photo at lower left: Photo ID 610770569—A Chinese worker examines natural gas pipes and valves at a gas pressure regulating station in Jiujiang city, East China's Jiangxi province, taken by humphery Traffic photo at lower right: Photo ID 524545297—Traffic jam in down- town Beijing, taken by testing Layout: Magnum Custom Publishing, New Delhi Copenhagen Centre on Energy Efficiency UNEP DTU Partnership Marmorvej 51 2100 Copenhagen Ø Denmark Phone: +45 4533 5301 www.energyefficiencycentre.org Email: [email protected] This book can be downloaded from www.energyefficiencycentre.org Please use the following reference when quoting this publication: Tian, Z., Zhang X., Zhu X. (Eds.) (2017) Enhancing Energy efficiency in China: Assessment of sectoral potentials Copenhagen: Copenhagen Centre on Energy Efficiency, UNEP DTU Partnership. ISBN: 978-87-93458-16-1 CONTENTS List of Figures .............................................................................................................................................................................................. vii List of Tables ...................................................................................................................................................................................................x Foreword ..........................................................................................................................................................................................................xi Acknowledgement ......................................................................................................................................................................................... xii LIST OF abbreviations ..............................................................................................................................................................................xiii Executive Summary .........................................................................................................................................................................................1 1. ROLE OF ENERGY CONSERVATION IN ACHIEVING CHINA’S CLIMATE PLEDGE | Yuyan Weng, Xiliang Zhang, Sheng Zhou 4 1.1 Scenarios .....................................................................................................................................................................................................5 1.2 Model and macroeconomic assumptions ..........................................................................................................................................6 1.3 Results and discussion ...........................................................................................................................................................................11 References ....................................................................................................................................................................................................... 14 2. GeNERAL INTRODUCTION OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY DeVELOPMENT IN CHINA | Jingru Liu 15 2.1 General result of energy conservation in China in the 12th FYP................................................................................................16 2.2 Energy efficiency improvements in key energy end-use sectors in the 12th FYP..................................................................16 2.3 Outlook on energy conservation opportunities in the 13th FYP..............................................................................................20 2.4 Methodology ............................................................................................................................................................................................20 3. ENERGY EFFICIENCY POLICY AND HIGH IMPACT OppORTUNITIES FOR THE INDUSTRIAL SeCTOR | Guanyun Fu, Huawen Xiong 22 3.1 The Characteristics of Energy Consumption in the Industrial Sector and Progress with Energy Efficiency............ 23 3.2 Outlook of Energy Consumption in Industrial Sectors..............................................................................................................27 3.3 Identification of Key Opportunities for Energy Efficiency as well as Analysis on Technical Economy.......................31 3.4 Policy recommendations ......................................................................................................................................................................44 References ......................................................................................................................................................................................................48 4. ENERGY EFFICIENCY POLICY AND THE HIGH IMPACT OppORTUNITIES OF THE BUILDING SeCTOR IN CHINA | Jianguo Zhang 49 4.1 Review of Achievements and Policies regarding Energy Efficiency Improvements in the Chinese Building Sector... .......50 4.2 Prospects for Energy Consumption in the Building Sector....... ................................................................................................56 4.3 Identification of HIOs in the Building Sector in China............................................................................................................61 4.4 Policy Recommendations.....................................................................................................................................................................70 References .......................................................................................................................................................................................................72 5. ENERGY EFFICIENCY POLICY AND HIGH IMPACT OppORTUNITIES IN THE TRANSPORTATION SeCTOR IN CHINA | Wenjing Yi 74 5.1 Review of Achievements and Policies Regarding Energy Efficiency Improvements to Transportation in China............75 ENHANCING ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN CHINA: AssessMENT OF SECTORAL POTENTIALS | v 5.2 Prospect for Energy Consumption in the Transportation Sector (two scenarios, by 2050)............................................79 5.3 Identification of HIOs in the Transportation Sector in China................................................................................................89 5.4 Policy Recommendations ....................................................................................................................................................................96 References .......................................................................................................................................................................................................97
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