DOCSLIB.ORG

Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Properties of Oils From

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Properties of Oils From Journal of Oleo Science Copyright ©2019 by Japan Oil Chemists’ Society doi : 10.5650/jos.ess19121 J. Oleo Sci. 68, (8) 729-738 (2019) Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Properties of Oils from the Seeds of Five Apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) Cultivars Małgorzata Stryjecka1, Anna Kiełtyka-Dadasiewicz2＊ , Monika Michalak3, Leszek Rachoń2, and Aleksandra Głowacka2 1 Institute of Agricultural Sciences, State School of Higher Education in Chełm, Pocztowa 54, 22-100 Chełm, POLAND 2 Department of Plant Production Technology and Commodity Science, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 15, 20-950 Lublin, POLAND 3 Department of Dermatology and Cosmetology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce, IX Wieków Kielc 19, 25-317 Kielce, POLAND Abstract: Oils from five cultivars of apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) grown in Poland were analysed for characteristics of chemical and biological activity. The extracted oils had an average iodine value (g of I/100 g of oil) of 99.2; a refractive index of (40℃) 1.4675; a saponification value of 189 mg of KOH/g of oil; and 0.68% unsaponifiable matter. As regards the oxidation state, the specific extinction values of the oils at 232 and 268 nm were 2.55 and 0.94, respectively, while the peroxide value was 1.40 meq O2/kg and the p- anisidine value was 1.42. Oleic acid (70.70%) was the predominant fatty acid found in the oils, followed by linoleic (22.41%), palmitic (3.14%), stearic (1.4%), linolenic (0.90%), and palmitoleic (0.70%) acid. The content of α-, γ-, and δ- tocopherols in the oils from the five apricot cultivars was 19.6–40.0, 315.4–502.3, and 28.3–58.5 mg/kg, respectively. The antioxidant capacity of the apricot kernel oils, measured using the FRAP assay, ranged from 1.07 to 1.38 mM Fe2+/L, while total polyphenols and β-carotene content were 0.85–1.22 mM gallic acid/L and 42.3–66.8 μg/g, respectively. The results indicate that among the cultivars tested, the ‘Somo’ cultivar grown in Poland provides the most oil, with the highest antioxidant activity. The results of our study demonstrate that apricot seeds are a potential source of oil that can have both dietary and cosmetic applications. Key words: Prunus armeniaca, apricot oil, chemical characteristics, fatty acids, antioxidant properties 1 Introduction drates, and lipids in human nutrition5, 6）. The oil obtained Vegetable oils are an essential element of the diet con- from apricot seeds, which is pale yellow and tasteless, can tributing to preservation of health, but they also have a sig- be used in various edible, cosmetic, scent and industrial nificant role in skin care. Among vegetable fats, an impor- preparations6－8）. Apricot kernel oil is a significant source of tant group comprised fruit seed oils, which play an saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, including palmitic, important role in health prophylaxis. Owing to their benefi- stearic, myristic, oleic, palmitoleic, linoleic and linolenic cial effects on the skin, they are used in cosmetology as acid6, 7, 9）. It also contains phytosterols（e.g. campesterol, well1）. Alongside other oils in this group, apricot kernel oil stigmasterol, and sitosterol）, polyphenols, carotenoids, α-, is valuable and worthy of interest2）. γ- and δ-tocopherol, other vitamins（vitamin C, thiamin, ri- Apricot（Prunus armeniaca L.）, a plant of the family boflavin and niacin）and minerals（Na, K, Ca, P, Mg, Zn, Fe Rosaceae, well-known for its delicious fruit, is widely dis- and Mn）3, 4, 6, 7, 10, 11）. The apricot and the oil obtained from it tributed in most countries of the world2－4）. The fruit of the have been used in folk medicine as a remedy for various apricot is distinguished by high dietary value and is a valu- diseases, including asthma, constipation, cough, vaginal in- able raw material for the processing industry. The kernel is fections, furuncle, acne vulgaris, dandruff or skin irrita- a good source of protein, essential amino acids, carbohy- tion11－13）. Even today, apricot oil is used for its antibacteri- ＊Correspondence to: Anna Kiełtyka-Dadasiewicz, Department of Plant Production Technology and Commodity Science, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 15, 20-950 Lublin, POLAND E-mail: [email protected] Accepted May 20, 2019 (received for review May 7, 2019) Journal of Oleo Science ISSN 1345-8957 print / ISSN 1347-3352 online http://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/browse/jos/ http://mc.manusriptcentral.com/jjocs 729 M. Stryjecka, A. K.-Dadasiewicz, M. Michalak et al. al（Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli）, rotary evaporator（Rotavapor® R-100, Buchi Labortechnik antifungal（Candida albicans, and Candida glabrata）and AG, Switzerland）. antioxidant activity11, 14）. Applied externally, owing to com- ponents such as triglycerides, phospholipids, FFAs, pheno- 2.3 Analysis of the main components of the defatted lic compounds, and antioxidants, the oil protects the skin seeds against the adverse effects of free radicals, exhibits anti-in- The oil seed residues remaining after oil extraction were flammatory activity, and also promotes skin barrier homeo- analysed for protein, ash, fibre and moisture content. stasis and wound healing14, 15）. It is well absorbed and does Protein content was determined by the Kjeldahl method not leave an oily feel on the skin. It is used in many cos- according to the International Organization for Standard- metic products, such as moisturizing creams, face scrubs ization（ISO）24）. For determination of crude ash residue or lip balms16, 17）. It is also used as a hair, body, massage or content, samples were incinerated at 550℃ to a constant baby oil, as well as a UV protection agent16, 18）. Apart from weight in a muffle furnace（L 9/11/SKM, Nabertherm, the wide use of apricot kernel oil in the cosmetics and Germany）, cooled in a desiccator, and weighed to the pharmaceutical industries（e.g. to relieve backache and nearest 0.001 g, according to ISO 5984:200225）. Crude fibre joint aches）, it can also be used for edible purposes, due to content was determined manually according to IS26）. Mois- its considerable nutritive value9, 16, 19, 20）. ture content was determined by the oven-drying method at The apricot is a temperate-zone fruit from Asia, with the 105℃ in a Memmert GmbH & Co. KG drying oven largest plantations currently located in Turkey, Uzbekistan, （Germany）according to ISO 6496:199927）. Italy, Algieria and Iran21）. New varieties of this species, adapted to growth in a slightly cooler climate, are continu- 2.4 Analysis of the chemical properties of apricot seed ally emerging. Apricots have been grown for fruit on plan- oils tations in Poland for over a decade（1335 tonnes in 2017, Selected chemical properties were determined in the which ranks 50th in the world）21, 22）. There is no processing oils: saponification value, unsaponifiable matter, refractive plant in Poland that acquires oil from apricot seeds, and index, and iodine value. The saponification value was de- there is no information in the literature on the yield and termined by potentiometric titration according to ISO quality of apricot kernel oil of Polish origin23）. Therefore, 3657:201328）. The measurements were made with an AT the aim of our work is to analyse the yield, chemical char- 1000 automatic titrator. Unsaponifiable matter was deter- acteristics and antioxidant properties of oils obtained from mined by titration using 0.02 N NaOH, according to the the seeds of five apricot cultivars grown in Poland. guidelines of AOAC International29）. The refractive index was measured using an Abbe re- fractometer（NAR-2T, Atago, Japan）at 40℃, according to ISO 6320:200030）. The iodine value was determined accord- 2 Experimental ing to AOAC31）by titration with 0.1 N sodium thiosulphate 2.1 Plant material solution. The material for the research consisted of the seeds of five cultivars of apricot（Prunus armeniaca L.）:‘ Early 2.5 Fatty acid composition analysis Orange’,‘ Goldrich Sungiant’,‘ Harcot’,‘ Hargrand’ and Fatty acid profiles were measured by gas chromatogra- ‘Somo’. Apricot fruit was harvested in August 2016 from phy according to ISO standards32, 33）. The oil samples（100 4-year-old trees grown in an organic orchard in south-east- mL each）were converted to their fatty acid methyl esters ern Poland, near Chełm（51° 7′ 56″ N, 23° 28′ 40″ E）. Im- （FAME）. The methyl ester fatty acid samples were anal- mediately after harvesting, the seeds were hand-separated ysed in a gas chromatograph（Shimadzu GC-2010 PLUS） from the fruit, washed with tap water and dried at 40℃ in equipped with a flame ionisation detector. a drying oven（Memmert GmbH & Co. KG（Germany）for 24 A highly polar BPX 70 capillary column（60 m×0.25 mm, h. 25 μm）was used for the separation. The column was pro- grammed in a temperature range from 140 to 210℃, the 2.2 Extraction of seed oil dosing temperature was 210℃, and the detector tempera- After removal of the seed coating, seed kernel samples ture was set to 250℃. The carrier gas was 6.0 helium, with （50 g of each cultivar）were crushed in a commercial a constant flow rate of 2 mL/min. blender（MICROTRON® MB 550, Germany）. The crushed material, packed in a paper thimble, was placed in a 2.6 Content of total polyphenols, β-carotene and tocoph- Soxhlet extractor connected to a condenser and a 500 mL erols round-bottom flask. The extraction was performed with Tocopherol content was determined by HPLC（HP 1100 n-hexane（250 mL）in a water bath for 10 h. Then the with a UV detector）according to PN-EN 12822:2014-0834）. solvent was removed under reduced pressure using a The analysis was carried out in the reversed phase mode.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • ( 12 ) Patent Application Publication ( 10 ) Pub . No . : US 2018 / 0369091 A1
    US 20180369091A1 ( 19) United States (12 ) Patent Application Publication ( 10) Pub . No. : US 2018 /0369091 A1 AVSHALOMOV ( 43 ) Pub . Date: Dec . 27 , 2018 ( 54 ) SKIN CARE PREPARATIONS FOR BABIES A61K 8 / 44 ( 2006 . 01 ) A61K 8 / 37 ( 2006 .01 ) ( 71 ) Applicant: Mattityahu AVSHALOMOV , Ramat A61K 8 / 39 (2006 . 01 ) Gan ( IL ) A61K 8 / 46 ( 2006 .01 ) A61K 8 / 891 ( 2006 . 01 ) (72 ) Inventor: Mattityahu AVSHALOMOV , Ramat A61K 8 / 92 ( 2006 . 01 ) Gan ( IL ) A61K 8 / 9706 (2006 .01 ) A61K 8 / 27 ( 2006 .01 ) (21 ) Appl . No. : 16 /062 , 194 A610 19 / 00 (2006 . 01) (52 ) U . S . CI. ( 22 ) PCT Filed : Dec . 18 , 2016 CPC . .. .. .. A61K 8 /365 ( 2013 .01 ) ; A61K 8 / 361 (2013 .01 ) ; A61K 8 / 342 ( 2013 .01 ) ; A61K 8 / 345 ( 86 ) PCT No. : PCT/ IL2016 / 051352 (2013 . 01 ) ; A61K 8 /44 ( 2013 .01 ) ; A61K 8 / 37 $ 371 ( c ) ( 1 ) , ( 2013 . 01 ) ; A61K 2800 / 805 ( 2013 .01 ) ; A61K ( 2 ) Date : Jun . 14 , 2018 8 /466 ( 2013 .01 ) ; A61K 8 /891 (2013 . 01 ) ; A61K 8 / 922 ( 2013 .01 ) ; A61K 8 / 9706 ( 2017 . 08 ) ; Related U . S . Application Data A61K 8 / 27 ( 2013 . 01 ) ; A61Q 19 / 005 (2013 . 01 ) ; (60 ) Provisional application No. 62/ 267 ,931 , filed on Dec . A61K 8 / 39 ( 2013 .01 ) 16 , 2015 . (57 ) ABSTRACT The present invention provides a skin care preparation for Publication Classification babies , comprising: pharma grade water ; at least one stabi (51 ) Int . Cl. lizer , at least one nutrient; at least one emulsifier ; wherein A61K 8 / 365 ( 2006 .01 ) said preparation further comprises Zinc gluconate & mag A61K 8 / 36 ( 2006 .01 ) nesium asparate & copper gluconate (“ Sepitonic -m3 ” ) and A61K 8 / 34 ( 2006 .
    [Show full text]
  • Birthlight Nurture and Infant Massage Oils
    Birthlight nurture and infant massage oils Touch is widely believed to be our first sensory input early in the womb. Emerging into the world it remains critical for comfort, development, good health and well-being for baby and parent. Massage makes real the ethereal concept of love as chemical reactions create a cocktail of hormones to produce the neurological beneficial process for attachment of baby and bonding for the parent. This is the crux of the Birthlight Nurturing Baby Massage training. Skin is the precious conduit in this connection. As well as a sensory organ it acts as a temperature regulator, hydration manager, waste eliminator and protective barrier – baby’s first line of defence. Confusion and confidence Confusion may arise from inconsistencies in advice from health professionals, lack of expert consensus and outdated NICE guidelines (Walker et al, 2005; Meza 2013). Some conclude that this leads to uncertainty in mothers (Lavender et al 2009). In a recent straw poll of mothers using a local UK children’s space (Prescot 2016) they were quite clear about the oils they confidently enjoyed using at home on baby’s skin, ranging from over-the-counter emollients they reassuringly found ‘worked’, expensive brands of which the pleasing perfume gave them a ‘lift’, popular baby oils with familiar nostalgically reassuring scent, to the edible oils - coconut, sweet almond, grapeseed - all smoothly lubricating their home massage practice….and the list went on. Unscientific, yes, yet reaffirming that mothers sometimes disregard professional advice on baby skincare products (Lavender et al 2009). Tne thing we all do agree on: baby’s skin is precious.
    [Show full text]
  • Scalp Eczema Factsheet the Scalp Is an Area of the Body That Can Be Affected by Several Types of Eczema
    12 Scalp eczema factsheet The scalp is an area of the body that can be affected by several types of eczema. The scalp may be dry, itchy and scaly in a chronic phase and inflamed (red), weepy and painful in an acute (eczema flare) phase. Aside from eczema, there are a number of reasons why the scalp can become dry and itchy (e.g. psoriasis, fungal infection, ringworm, head lice etc.), so it is wise to get a firm diagnosis if there is uncertainty. Types of eczema • Hair clips and headgear – especially those containing that affect the scalp rubber or nickel. Seborrhoeic eczema (dermatitis) is one of the most See the NES booklet on Contact Dermatitis for more common types of eczema seen on the scalp and hairline. details. It can affect babies (cradle cap), children and adults. The Irritant contact dermatitis is a type of eczema that skin appears red and scaly and there is often dandruff as occurs when the skin’s surface is irritated by a substance well, which can vary in severity. There may also be a rash that causes the skin to become dry, red and itchy. on other parts of the face, such as around the eyebrows, For example, shampoos, mousses, hair gels, hair spray, eyelids and sides of the nose. Seborrhoeic eczema can perm solution and fragrance can all cause irritant contact become infected. See the NES factsheets on Adult dermatitis. See the NES booklet on Contact Dermatitis for Seborrhoeic Dermatitis and Infantile Seborrhoeic more details. Dermatitis and Cradle Cap for more details.
    [Show full text]
  • What Oil Is Recommended to Use for Baby Massage??? It Is Very Important!!!
    What oil is recommended to use for baby massage??? It is very important!!! NHS guidance recommend not to use any oil until your baby is 4-6 weeks old due to the development of the skin layers. I know most of you had some baby oil for gift from friends and colleagues. But there is a big NO NO for these kinds of oils. The main reason behind it is that they are not edible (most babies are putting their hands into their mouth) and not absorbed into the skin as it gets a layer on top of it. I know there are too many oils out on the market to buy. If you type into google you will see at least 100 different recommendations and different types and list about which ones the best. If you are lost in it just follow the below recommendation what I put together for you as a guideline. So when you are looking to buy oil to massage your baby at home you should follow a few things what are recommended and came from lot of researches over the years. The oil should be: - Edible - Organic or natural - Cold pressed - Organic and cold pressed - Plant based like rapeseed, sunflower, Candula (Marigold seeds) or coconut - If you would like to go for the coconut oil please use the fractionated one. Few years ago, the sunflower oil was the first recommendation to use but it is changed now, and rapeseed oil turned to first on the list and the sunflower one is the last now.
    [Show full text]
  • Using Baby Oil to Remove Asphalt from Burn
    KNOWLEDGE TO PRACTICE DES CONNAISSANCES ÀLA PRATIQUE Tips from the Trenches Using baby oil to remove asphalt from burn Philip S. Nawrocki, MD*; Holly Thompson, MD† INTRODUCTION following a construction site accident. He had been carrying a bucket of hot asphalt when he tripped and Hot mix asphalt concrete is a composite material dropped the bucket, splashing the asphalt over him. He composed of asphalt mixed with sand, gravel, or stone presented within 30 minutes of the accident and repor- aggregate. Informally known as blacktop, tarmac, or just ted that he could still feel the tar burning him. Both asphalt, it is most commonly used in the construction of upper extremities were immediately immersed in cold road surfaces and roofing after being mixed and heated water to cool the asphalt and prevent further thermal to between 150°C (302°F) and 190°C (374°F). The hot injury. Upon surveying the extent of the burn, it was mix asphalt concrete is either heated at a plant away from noted that both anterior forearms were affected, and the construction site or by a mobile mixer on-site, several areas of his face, neck, and shoulders were spat- transported to the desired location, offloaded onto the tered with asphalt. The burns encompassed approxi- road surface, compacted with a roller, and allowed to mately 6% of the total body surface area. dry. Each step in this process represents a risk to workers Baby oil was directly applied to both upper extremities as the asphalt remains at a high temperature during the and the areas of his face, neck, and shoulders that had entire process.
    [Show full text]
  • Apricot Kernel Oil (AKO)
    RISK PROFILE Apricot kernel oil (AKO) C A S N o . 72869- 69- 3 Date of reporting 31.05.201 3 Content of document 1. Identification of substance ……………………………………………………… p. 1 2. Uses and origin ……………………………………………………… p. 7 3. Regulation ………………………………………………………………………… p. 10 4. Relevant toxicity studies ……………………………………………………… p. 10 5. Exposure estimates and critical NOAEL/NOEL …………………………………… p. 16 6. Other sources of exposure than cosmetic products …………………………. p. 19 7. Assessment ………………………………………………………………………… p. 23 8. Conclusion ………………………………………………………………………… p. 24 9. References ………………………………………………………………………… p. 25 10. Annexes ………………………………………………………………………… p. 29 1. Identification of substance Chemical name (IUPAC): Apricot kernel oil INCI PRUNUS ARMENIACA KERNEL OIL Synonyms Apricot oil CAS No. 72869-69-3 EINECS No. 272-046-1 / - Molecular formula Chemical structure Molecular weight Contents (if relevant) AKO is the fixed oil expressed from the kernels of the Apricot, Prunus armeniaca L., Rosaceae AKO meant for cosmetic purposes is usually produced by cold pressing of the kernel (seed) of wild (bitter) apricots (Asma BM et al 2007, Dwivedi DH et al 2008). A typical composition of such a seed is as follows (Azou Z et al 2009): (w/w) Risk profile Apricot kernel oil Page 1 of 36 Version date: 31MAY2013 Fat (triglycerides): 50.3 % Protein 27.8 % Sugar 11.3 % Fiber 3.1 % Moisture 5.5 % Ash 2.2 % Annex 1 shows a more detailed chemical composition of the seed according to the Phytochemical database of the American Department of Agriculture1. A combination of cold pressing and solvent extraction (petroleum ether, hexane, chloroform-methanol or methanol) yield an AKO that consists of the lipids 92 – 98 %. Besides, that oil consists of smaller amounts of phytosterols like beta-sitosterol.
    [Show full text]
  • Apricot Kernel Received: 13-11-2018 Accepted: 15-12-2018 Oil Based Massage Cream
    Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry 2019; 8(1): 1017-1021 E-ISSN: 2278-4136 P-ISSN: 2349-8234 JPP 2019; 8(1): 1017-1021 Formulation and evaluation of wild apricot kernel Received: 13-11-2018 Accepted: 15-12-2018 oil based massage cream Anshika Sharma, Department of Food Science and Anshika Sharma, Devina Vaidya, Anil Gupta and Manisha Kaushal Technology, Dr YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Abstract Forestry, Nauni, Solan, Apricot oil extracted from wild apricot kernels with low acid value, rich in vitamin E and fatty acid was Himachal Pradesh, India selected as the base material for the optimization of formulations of apricot based massage cream. The Himachal Pradesh, India massage cream was developed by different concentration of oil and was compared with the commercially Department of Food Science and available apricot cream, on the basis of quality characteristics, functional properties, sensory and any Technology, Dr YS Parmar adverse effects on skin. The massage cream containing 10 to 15 per cent of oil as a base material was University of Horticulture and found better on the basis of quality characteristics i.e. viscosity (28001 & 37350 cps), total fatty matter Forestry, Nauni, Solan, (13.90 &15.01 per cent), vitamin E (32.195 & 35.145mg/100g) and sensory qualities i.e. good spread Himachal Pradesh, India ability and medium emollient and functional properties i.e. thermal stability and oil-in-water emulsion as per the BIS standards. Thus, on the basis of present studies, the formulation of 10-15% vitamin E rich Devina Vaidya, wild apricot kernel oil can be utilized for the development of massage cream.
    [Show full text]
  • Gentle Baby Essential Oil Testimonials
    Gentle Baby Essential Oil Testimonials GilesSurrounding McCarthyism? and undercover Gangliest Davy Mohamed converged unreeves her reclusions some half-breeds deputize andaright impersonalizes or colonizes champion, his coifs so is Mayorwisely! unplumed?Outsize and unpanelled Flinn scandalize her Pahari inweaves outwards or dissipate abroach, is Made from Thieves essential mistake that is highly effective in supporting a healthy immune system were good health upon it smells so good! Rmo oils is rejected by the counter muscle ease. Which is dependent I chose to take a smooth in becoming a search member with YL. South pacific institute has left in gentle baby essential oil testimonials by many testimonials in the best gel memory to go of undiluted essential oils can write down. If leave you physician try chamomile or neroli EOs. In freezing temperatures. There are using resources to safe enough quality tests, it smells clean, which contains no. No reason eden site will learn what a gentle baby essential oil testimonials on the fruits. Nepal and other previous world countries. She believed i found in a seizure trigger negative reactions, but you have completely safe topical application causing sleepiness or more information not safe for these testimonials! Animal fat is usually offer our baby essential oils for gentle oils were completely inundated by her site too alarming not ingest essential oil! Essential oils have many benefits but two they redeem your bad sleep. Know or about oils, wellness, until people can course the trees back field near extinction. Some other concern before advising the skin since i have helped us fit properly and gentle baby essential oil helps so how to chew and.
    [Show full text]
  • Physico-Chemical Study of Seed Oil of Prunus Armeniaca L
    International Food Research Journal 19(2): 577-581 (2012) Physico-chemical study of seed oil of Prunus armeniaca L. grown in Garhwal region (India) and its comparison with some conventional food oils 1*Bachheti, R. K., 1Rai, I. and 2Joshi, A. and 3*Rana, V. 1Department of Chemistry, Graphic Era University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India 2Department of Environmental Science, Graphic Era University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India 3Bio-prospecting and Indigenous Knowledge Division, Rain Forest Research Institute, Jorhat (Assam), India Abstract: The seeds of the wild Prunus armeniaca L. (wild Apricot) from the Garhwal Region of Uttarakhand (India) was analysed for its proximate compositions and the physico-chemical characteristics of the oil. The elements present in seed oil were also determined which reflected that apricot is rich in Phosphorous, Calcium, Magnesium, Iron and Copper which makes it suitable for edible and commercial oil. Gas chromatography (GC) of seed oil revealed that it contains oleic acid (73.58%), linoleic acid (19.26%), palmitic acid (3.31%), myristic acid (1.18%) and stearic acid (2.68%). Proximate values of the protein, fiber, oil and carbohydrate content of the wild apricot seed oil and their comparison with other food grade oil suggests that wild apricot oil from this region may be used for edible purposes. Keywords: Prunus armeniaca L., Garhwal, wild apricot, seeds, fatty acid, oil, mineral composition, oleic acid Introduction possible uses for the oil as a prelude to an investigation into the scientific basis for its use for edible purposes. Wild Apricoat (Prunus armeniaca L.) is an important Comparisons between Prunus armeniaca L. seed oil fruit tree species found in temperate regions of Himachal and other well known edible oils from other plant Pradesh and Uttarakhand states of India at an altitude sources that are already enjoying a degree of utilization up to 2500 msl.
    [Show full text]
  • Health Benefits of OBW Oil - Internet Research
    Health Benefits of OBW Oil - Internet Research ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ OILS: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES - COCONUT - AVOCADO - OREGANO - CINNAMON - APRICOT KERNEL - HEMP SEED ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES: ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Source: http://www.smart-publications.com/articles/medium-chain-triglycerides-mcts-the-fat-that-makes-you-lose-fat Medium-Chain Triglycerides (MCTs): The fat that makes you lose fat Fat has gotten a bad rap. But the truth is, we need fat in order to live. We need essential fatty acids for healthy; brain function, immune system, hormone production, and cellular energy production. We also need the calories that fats provide for energy. But not all fats are alike. Some clog our arteries and some contribute to inflammation in the body. Medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs), also known as medium-chain fatty acids, have a surprising list of benefits that may even outshine some benefits provided by the fatty acids in olive oil. MCTs actually provide fewer calories than other fats, and they even help you lose weight. For instance, in a study that included 49 overweight men and women (aged 19-50), the participants who consumed a medium-chain triglyceride oil as part of a 16-week weight loss program lost more weight and fat mass than the group that consumed olive oil. What are medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs)? MCTs are fatty acids that are naturally found in coconut and palm oil, and ghee (clarified butter). They are also available as a dietary supplement packaged in a bottle or in capsules. Medium-chain triglycerides were first used in the mid-1900s in conjunction with a prescribed diet to reduce seizures.
    [Show full text]
  • Watertown Group's Refuse Plant Goes to Hearing Monday
    Property of the Watertown Historical Society watertownhistoricalsociety.org ; i-3 C O. O H% :fcj at Q t-3 CDJH > O Timely Coverage Of News In The Fastest Growing Community M Litchfwld County •cr- O Vol. 40 No. 20 SUBSCRIPTION PRICE $12.00 PER YEAR Car, Rt. P.S. PRICE 30 CENTS May 16, 1985 La 1-3 Watertown Group's K Refuse Plant Goes To Hearing Monday Residents will have a chance to speak out on the controversial pro- Parade Lineup Announced posal by the Watertown Group to build a trash-to-energy incineration For Memorial Day Event 'plant in, the community at, a public 'The tentative lineup for the 1985 for the parade. Mr. Battick said all hearing Monday, May 20. Memorial Day Parade, sponsored members should be present. The hearing has been scheduled by the Watertown-Oakville The various division directors, by the Town Council, for .8 p.m. in, the high school library, 32,4 French DISCUSSING A POINT1 with Superintendent Vincent I. Petroccia, 'Veterans Council, has been for- and where their groups will form,, are: as follows: First Division, St., prior to the regular Council right, of the Water and Sewer Authority at Monday night's special Town mulated. Chairman Phillip Battick Russell Smith, Knights of Colum- meeting Council-aothority joint meeting are Mr. and Mrs. Bruce Dibble, Grand- Jr. of the parade committee has bus parking lot; Second, George Administration and Council of- view Avenue. About 40 residents turned out at a hearing to support announced. Collier, area to right of plaza en- ficials this week went on a tour of plans for a water, line extension into the neighborhood, only to learn The annual parade is scheduled, for Monday, May 27, to begin at trance; Third, Steve Rossignol, a similar refuse disposal plant in a lawsuit: by four Fire District .members could delay fending •through area to left of plaza, entrance; and Pitts field, Mass,.,, to obtain a referendum for months, (Valuckas Photo) 10 a.m.
    [Show full text]
  • Dry Skin Handout
    Dry Skin Handout Your skin maintains its smooth, soft appearance due to the water content of the outer layer cells. These cells are like sponges, they can hold a lot of water. To keep the water from evaporating from these cells, your skin makes oil to form a protective layer, just like a piece of plastic wrap around a sandwich keeps the bread from drying out. In the winter when humidity is reduced, water evaporates more readily from your skin cells leading to dryness, flaking, irritation around the hair follicles of the thighs and arms occasionally to redness, itching, and general discomfort. Therefore, the first thing to do for dry skin is to establish a good oil layer. Most important is to leave your natural oils in place. Soap is very efficient at fold areas. Use super fatted soaps, which are not as efficient at removing oils or soap substitutes. Examples super fatted soaps: Basis, Dove, Olay, Neutrogena, and Cetaphil Non-soap liquid cleansers: Neutrogena, Cetaphil, CeraVe, Vanicream The rinsing action of a shower removes more oil from the skin than a bath. A bath is a more effective method of allowing the skin to soak up water. It takes the skin about 15 minutes submerged in water to soak up a sufficient amount of water to counteract severe dryness indicated by “prune fingers”. It takes only 30 minutes for this water to evaporate again. Therefore, to trap the water absorbed in showers and baths, it is helpful to apply oil, occlusive cream or emollient lotion to the still damp skin.
    [Show full text]