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Protecting Workers from Cold Stress
QUICK CARDTM Protecting Workers from Cold Stress Cold temperatures and increased wind speed (wind chill) cause heat to leave the body more quickly, putting workers at risk of cold stress. Anyone working in the cold may be at risk, e.g., workers in freezers, outdoor agriculture and construction. Common Types of Cold Stress Hypothermia • Normal body temperature (98.6°F) drops to 95°F or less. • Mild Symptoms: alert but shivering. • Moderate to Severe Symptoms: shivering stops; confusion; slurred speech; heart rate/breathing slow; loss of consciousness; death. Frostbite • Body tissues freeze, e.g., hands and feet. Can occur at temperatures above freezing, due to wind chill. May result in amputation. • Symptoms: numbness, reddened skin develops gray/ white patches, feels firm/hard, and may blister. Trench Foot (also known as Immersion Foot) • Non-freezing injury to the foot, caused by lengthy exposure to wet and cold environment. Can occur at air temperature as high as 60°F, if feet are constantly wet. • Symptoms: redness, swelling, numbness, and blisters. Risk Factors • Dressing improperly, wet clothing/skin, and exhaustion. For Prevention, Your Employer Should: • Train you on cold stress hazards and prevention. • Provide engineering controls, e.g., radiant heaters. • Gradually introduce workers to the cold; monitor workers; schedule breaks in warm areas. For more information: U.S. Department of Labor www.osha.gov (800) 321-OSHA (6742) 2014 OSHA 3156-02R QUICK CARDTM How to Protect Yourself and Others • Know the symptoms; monitor yourself and co-workers. • Drink warm, sweetened fluids (no alcohol). • Dress properly: – Layers of loose-fitting, insulating clothes – Insulated jacket, gloves, and a hat (waterproof, if necessary) – Insulated and waterproof boots What to Do When a Worker Suffers from Cold Stress For Hypothermia: • Call 911 immediately in an emergency. -
First Aid Management of Accidental Hypothermia and Cold Injuries - an Update of the Australian Resuscitation Council Guidelines
First Aid Management of Accidental Hypothermia and Cold Injuries - an update of the Australian Resuscitation Council Guidelines Dr Rowena Christiansen ARC Representative Member Chair, Australian Ski Patrol Medical Advisory Committee All images are used solely for the purposes of education and information. Image credits may be found at the end of the presentation. 1 Affiliations • Medical Educator, University of Melbourne Medical • Chair, Associate Fellows Group, School Aerospace Medical Association • Director, Mars Society Australia • Board Member and SiG member, WADEM • Chair, Australian Ski Patrol Association Medical Advisory Committee • Inaugural Treasurer, Australasian Wilderness • Honorary Medical Officer, Mt Baw Baw Ski Patrol and Expedition Medicine Society (Victoria, Australia) • Member, Space Life Sciences Sub-Committee of • Representative Member, Australian Resuscitation Council the Australasian Society for Aerospace Medicine 2 Background • Australian Resuscitation Council (“ARC”) Guideline 9.3.3 “Hypothermia: First Aid Management” was published in February 2009; • Guideline 9.3.6 “Cold Injury” was published in March 2000; • A review of these Guidelines has been undertaken by the ARC First Aid task- force based on combination of a focused literature review and expert opinion (including from Australian surf life-saving and ski patrol organisations and the International Commission for Mountain Emergency Medicine (the Medical Commission of the International Commission on Alpine Rescue - “ICAR MEDCOM”); and • It is intended to publish the revised Guidelines as a jointly-badged product of the Australian and New Zealand Committee on Resuscitation (“ANZCOR”). 3 Defining the scope of the Guidelines • The scope of practice: • The ‘pre-hospital’ or ‘out-of-hospital’ setting. • Who does this guideline apply to? • This guideline applies to adult and child victims. -
Mask-Induced Acne Flare During Coronavirus Disease-19. What Is It and How to Manage It?
Scientific Foundation SPIROSKI, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences. 2020 Oct 31; 8(T1):411-415. https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2020.5388 eISSN: 1857-9655 Category: T1 - Thematic Issue “Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19)” Section: Narrative Review Article MASKNE: Mask-Induced Acne Flare During Coronavirus Disease-19. What is it and How to Manage it? Laura Pauline Kosasih Department of Dermatology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom Abstract Edited by: Mirko Spiroski The coronavirus disease (COVID)-19 is a global pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)- Citation: Kosasih LP. MASKNE: Mask Induced Acne Flare During Coronavirus Disease-19. What is it and How to CoV-2. Due to the rapid spread of the disease, several measures have been proposed to mitigate its transmission, Manage it? Open Access Maced J Med Sci. 2020 Oct 31; including wearing a mask in certain circumstances. This new proposition leads to some novel skin adverse effects; 8(T1):411-415. one of them is acne flare. This particular outbreak has significantly affected people’s quality of life. In this minireview, https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2020.5388 Keywords: Acne; MASKNE (Mask Acne); a brief current knowledge of SARS-CoV-2 and its related-acne-flare, or popularly called as mask-acne (MASKNE), Coronavirus Disease-19 are discussed. This review aims to provide some information that may be helpful in opting for the most suitable *Correspondence: Laura Pauline Kosasih, Department of Dermatology, Cardiff -
Tuberculous Gumma Or Metastatic Tuberculous Abscess As Initial Diagnosis of Tuberculosis in an Immunocompetent Patient: an Unusual Presentation
Rev Esp Sanid Penit 2014; 16: 59-62 39 A Marco, R Solé, E Raguer, M Aranda. Tuberculous gumma or metastatic tuberculous abscess as initial diagnosis of tuberculosis in an immunocompetent patient: an unusual presentation Revisions of Clinical Cases: Tuberculous gumma or metastatic tuberculous abscess as initial diagnosis of tuberculosis in an immunocompetent patient: an unusual presentation A Marco, R Solé1, E Raguer1, M Aranda1 Servicios Sanitarios del Centro Penitenciario de Hombres de Barcelona (CPHB) y Servicio de Medicina Interna del Hospital Consorci Sanitari de Terrasa (HCST)1. ABStract Background and Objectives: Tuberculous cold abscesses or gumma are an unusual form of tuberculosis. We report a case of gumma as initial diagnosis of disseminated tuberculosis. Method: This case was studied in 2012 in Barcelona (Spain). Source data was compiled from the electronic clinical records, hospital reports and additional diagnostic testing. Results: Immunocompetent inmate, born in Cape Verde, living in Spain since the age of four. Positive tuberculin skin test. Initial examination without interest, but a palpable mass in lower back. Fine needle aspiration of the abscess was positive (PCR and Lowenstein) for M. tuberculosis. Computed tomography showed lung cavitary nodes in apical part and lung upper right side. After respiratory isolation, antituberculous therapy and an excellent evolution, the patient was discharged from hospital with disseminated tuberculosis diagnosis. Discussion: It is advisable to monitor the injuries since, although rare, it may be secondary to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, mainly in inmuno-compromised populations and in immigrants coming from hyper-endemic tuberculosis areas. Keywords: Prisons; Tuberculosis, cutaneous; Spain; Diagnosis, Differential; Endemic Diseases; Abscess; HIV. -
Cutaneous Tuberculosis: a Twenty-Year Prospective Study
INT J TUBERC LUNG DIS 3(6):494–500 © 1999 IUATLD Cutaneous tuberculosis: a twenty-year prospective study B. Kumar, S. Muralidhar Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India SUMMARY SETTING: A tertiary care hospital in northern India. the spectrum of cutaneous tuberculosis (22.1%), but OBJECTIVE: To study the patterns of clinical presenta- was seen more often in the presence of gumma and tion of cutaneous tuberculosis, to correlate them with scrofuloderma. There were more unvaccinated individ- Mantoux reactivity and BCG vaccination status, and to uals in the group with disseminated disease (80.3%) suggest a clinical classification based on these factors. than in those with localised disease (65.5%). DESIGN: Analysis of the records of patients with cuta- CONCLUSIONS: Lupus vulgaris was the most common neous tuberculosis who attended the hospital between clinical presentation, followed by scrofuloderma, tuber- 1975 and 1995. culids, tuberculosis verrucosa cutis and tuberculous RESULTS: A total of 0.1% of dermatology patients had gumma. Some patients presented more than one clinical cutaneous tuberculosis. Lupus vulgaris was the com- form of the disease. Classification of cutaneous tuber- monest form, seen in 154 (55%) of these patients, fol- culosis needs to be modified to include smear-positive lowed by scrofuloderma in 75 (26.8%), tuberculosis ver- and smear-negative scrofuloderma apart from the inclu- rucosa cutis in 17 (6%), tuberculous gumma(s) in 15 sion of disseminated disease. The presence of regional (5.4%) and tuberculids in 19 (6.8%). No correlation lymphadenopathy serves as a clinical indicator of dis- was found between Mantoux reactivity and the extent of seminated disease. -
A Rare Case of Tuberculosis Cutis Colliquative
Jemds.com Case Report A Rare Case of Tuberculosis Cutis Colliquative 1 2 3 4 5 Shravya Rimmalapudi , Amruta D. Morey , Bhushan Madke , Adarsh Lata Singh , Sugat Jawade 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Wardha, Maharashtra, India. INTRODUCTION Tuberculosis is one of the oldest documented diseases known to mankind and has Corresponding Author: evolved along with humans for several million years. It is still a major burden globally Dr. Bhushan Madke, despite the advancement in control measures and reduction in new cases1 Professor and Head, Tuberculosis is a chronic granulomatous infectious disease. It is caused by Department of Dermatology, Venereology & Leprosy, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, an acid-fast bacillus with inhalation of airborne droplets Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, 2,3 being the route of spread. The organs most commonly affected include lungs, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical intestines, lymph nodes, skin, meninges, liver, oral cavity, kidneys and bones.1 About Sciences, Wardha, Maharashtra, India. 1.5 % of tuberculous manifestations are cutaneous and accounts for 0.1 – 0.9 % of E-mail: [email protected] total dermatological out patients in India.2 Scrofuloderma is a type of cutaneous tuberculosis (TB) which is a rare presentation in dermatological setting and is DOI: 10.14260/jemds/2021/67 difficult to diagnose. It was earlier known as tuberculosis cutis colliquative develops as an extension of infection into the skin from an underlying focus, usually the lymph How to Cite This Article: Rimmalapudi S, Morey AD, Madke B, et al. A nodes and sometimes bone. -
A Cross Study of Cutaneous Tuberculosis: a Still Relevant Disease in Morocco (A Study of 146 Cases)
ISSN: 2639-4553 Madridge Journal of Case Reports and Studies Research Article Open Access A Cross study of Cutaneous Tuberculosis: A still relevant Disease in Morocco (A Study of 146 Cases) Safae Zinoune, Hannane Baybay, Ibtissam Louizi Assenhaji, Mohammed Chaouche, Zakia Douhi, Sara Elloudi, and Fatima-Zahra Mernissi Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Hassan II, Fez, Morocco Article Info Abstract *Corresponding author: Background: Burden of tuberculosis still persists in Morocco despite major advances in Safae Zinoune its treatment strategies. Cutaneous tuberculosis (CTB) is rare, and underdiagnosed, due Doctor Department of Dermatology to its clinical and histopathological polymorphism. The purpose of this multi-center Hassan II University Hospital retrospective study is to describe the epidemiological, clinical, histopathological and Fès, Morocco evolutionary aspects of CTB in Fez (Morocco). E-mail: [email protected] Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional descriptive multicenter study from May 2006 Received: March 12, 2019 to May 2016. The study was performed in the department of dermatology at the Accepted: March 18, 2019 University Hospital Hassan II and at diagnosis centers of tuberculosis and respiratory Published: March 22, 2019 diseases of Fez (Morocco). The patients with CTB confirmed by histological and/or biological examination were included in the study. Citation: Zinoune S, Baybay H, Assenhaji LI, et al. A Cross study of Cutaneous Tuberculosis: Results: 146 cases of CTB were identified. Men accounted for 39.8% of the cases (58 A still relevant Disease in Morocco (A Study of 146 Cases). Madridge J Case Rep Stud. 2019; patients) and women 60.2% (88 cases), sex-ratio was 0.65 (M/W). -
Canadian Clinical Practice Guideline on the Management of Acne (Full Guideline)
Appendix 4 (as supplied by the authors): Canadian Clinical Practice Guideline on the Management of Acne (full guideline) Asai, Y 1, Baibergenova A 2, Dutil M 3, Humphrey S 4, Hull P 5, Lynde C 6, Poulin Y 7, Shear N 8, Tan J 9, Toole J 10, Zip C 11 1. Assistant Professor, Queens University, Kingston, Ontario 2. Private practice, Markham, Ontario 3. Assistant Professor, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario 4. Clinical Assistant Professor, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia 5. Professor, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia 6. Associate Professor, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario 7. Associate Clinical Professor, Laval University, Laval, Quebec 8. Professor, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario 9. Adjunct Professor, University of Western Ontario, Windsor, Ontario 10. Professor, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba 11. Clinical Associate Professor, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta Appendix to: Asai Y, Baibergenova A, Dutil M, et al. Management of acne: Canadian clinical practice guideline. CMAJ 2015. DOI:10.1503/cmaj.140665. Copyright © 2016 The Author(s) or their employer(s). To receive this resource in an accessible format, please contact us at [email protected]. Contents List of Tables and Figures ............................................................................................................. v I. Introduction ................................................................................................................................ 1 I.1 Is a Clinical Practice Guideline -
International Journal of Scientific Research
ORIGINAL RESEARCH PAPER Volume-9 | Issue-1 | January-2020 | PRINT ISSN No. 2277 - 8179 | DOI : 10.36106/ijsr INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH TYPES AND VARIANTS OF ACNE Dermatology Shailee Patel ABSTRACT Acne occur when pores of skin are blocked with oil, dead skin, or bacteria. It can occur when excessive oil is produced by follicles, bacteria build up in pores, and dead skin cells accumulate in pores. All these problem contribute in development of pimple. Acne are majorly seen among teenagers but they can also occur in adults. There are varying from of acne, and their varying treatment. KEYWORDS 1.INTRODUCTION ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease and syndromes, such as Acne is linked to the change in hormone level during puberty. Acne is a synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, and osteitis (SAPHO) and disorder that is seen worldwide. Acne is a disease of the teenagers but pyogenic arthritis, pyoderma gangrenosum, and acne (PAPA) can be seen even in newborn children and also adults. Age and gender syndromes. also play a very important role in onset of acne. Acne most commonly occur between the ages of 10-13 years. Girls have an earlier onset 3.4 Occupational Acne which easily contribute to the onset of puberty in girls than in boys. The Occupational acne is defined as development of acne-like lesions after disease severity in more in boys during the late adolescence. Acne exposure to occupational agents in persons not prone to develop acne mostly develops on areas of skin that have abundant oil glands, like the and who have not had acne before engaging in the said occupation. -
Coexistence of Tuberculous Gumma with Tuberculosis Verrucous Cutis (TBVC) in an Immunocompetent Female
Our Dermatology Online Case Report CCoexistenceoexistence ooff ttuberculousuberculous ggummaumma wwithith ttuberculosisuberculosis vverrucouserrucous ccutisutis ((TBVC)TBVC) iinn aann iimmunocompetentmmunocompetent ffemaleemale Nishant Agarwala, Madhuchhanda Mohapatra, Trashita Hassanandani, Maitreyee Panda Department of Dermatology Venerology and Leprology, IMS and SUM Hospital, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India Corresponding author: Dr. Trashita Hassanandani, E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT Tuberculous gummas and tuberculosis verrucosa cutis (TBVC) generally manifest in two extreme poles across the cell mediated immunity spectrum of cutaneous tuberculosis. The present case report refers to a 43 year old female with subcutaneous soft to firm non-tender, minimally fluctuant nodules & abscesses over digits of B/L hands and few well defined verrucous plaques over lateral aspects of bilateral soles. Ziehl-Neelsen stain did not demonstrate any acid fast bacilli. On histopathologic examination it was diagnosed as Tuberculous gumma with Tuberculosis Verrucosa cutis as per clinical diagnosis and its coexistence in a single individual is unique. The patient was treated with anti tubercular drugs (ATD) & responded well. Key words: Cutaneous tuberculosis; Tuberculous gumma; Tuberculosis verrucous cutis (TBVC); Immunocompetent INTRODUCTION the skin of previously infected patients having intact immunity. It manifests as a large verrucous Cutaneous tuberculosis constituting a small plaque with finger like projections at the margins. fraction about 1.5% -
On the Front Lines: a Case of Trench Foot in a Homeless Woman by Dean Carpenter, APRN, BC
HOMELESS HEALTH CARE CASE REPORT: TRENCH FOOT Homeless Health Care Case Report: Sharing Practice-Based Experience Volume 3, Number 2 June 2007 On the Front Lines: A Case of Trench Foot in a Homeless Woman by Dean Carpenter, APRN, BC As a result of exposure to inclement weather, cold-related injuries are common among homeless people. Cold-related injuries can be divided into two general categories: non-freezing tissue injuries and those that result from freezing of the tissue, such as frostbite. The most common and mildest form of non-freezing, cold-related injury, chilblains, occurs when the affected extremity is repeatedly exposed to dry, cold weather and results in pain, swelling and occasionally blister formation. Frostbite occurs after exposure to severe cold and results in ice crystal formation within the cells which then cause the cells to rupture. This article describes a cold-related tissue injury that may be overlooked by healthcare practitioners who treat homeless clients: Trench foot. During the First World War, commanders began to notice that soldiers suffered a malady of the feet after prolonged standing in cold water at the bottom of the trenches of the Western Front. The casualty rate from trench foot reached as high as 37 percent. Also called immersion foot and water bite, trench foot occurs when the affected extremity is exposed to cold, wet conditions for prolonged periods resulting in vasoconstriction and tissue hypoxia. Exposure to temperatures as mild as 55º F (12º C) for ten hours have been shown to cause trench foot. Sergeant Harry Roberts of the Lancashire Fusiliers when interviewed after the war stated, If you have never had trench feet described to you. -
Acne Vulgaris
Seminar Acne vulgaris Hywel C Williams, Robert P Dellavalle, Sarah Garner Acne is a chronic infl ammatory disease of the pilosebaceous unit resulting from androgen-induced increased sebum Lancet 2012; 379: 361–72 production, altered keratinisation, infl ammation, and bacterial colonisation of hair follicles on the face, neck, chest, Published Online and back by Propionibacterium acnes. Although early colonisation with P acnes and family history might have important August 30, 2011 roles in the disease, exactly what triggers acne and how treatment aff ects the course of the disease remain unclear. DOI:10.1016/S0140- 6736(11)60321-8 Other factors such as diet have been implicated, but not proven. Facial scarring due to acne aff ects up to 20% of This publication has teenagers. Acne can persist into adulthood, with detrimental eff ects on self-esteem. There is no ideal treatment for been corrected. acne, although a suitable regimen for reducing lesions can be found for most patients. Good quality evidence on The corrected version fi rst comparative eff ectiveness of common topical and systemic acne therapies is scarce. Topical therapies including appeared at thelancet.com benzoyl peroxide, retinoids, and antibiotics when used in combination usually improve control of mild to moderate on January 27, 2011 acne. Treatment with combined oral contraceptives can help women with acne. Patients with more severe infl ammatory Centre of Evidence-Based Dermatology, Nottingham acne usually need oral antibiotics combined with topical benzoyl peroxide to decrease antibiotic-resistant organisms. University Hospitals NHS Oral isotretinoin is the most eff ective therapy and is used early in severe disease, although its use is limited by Trust, Nottingham, UK teratogenicity and other side-eff ects.