DOCSLIB.ORG

The Neurocognitive Connection Between Physical Activity And

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Neurocognitive Connection Between Physical Activity And obesity reviews doi: 10.1111/j.1467-789X.2011.00893.x Etiology and Pathophysiology The neurocognitive connection between physical activity and eating behaviourobr_893 800..812 R. J. Joseph1, M. Alonso-Alonso2, D. S. Bond3, A. Pascual-Leone2,4 and G. L. Blackburn1 1Center for the Study of Nutrition Medicine, Summary Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, As obesity rates increase worldwide, healthcare providers require methods to Boston, MA, USA; 2Berenson Allen Center for instill the lifestyle behaviours necessary for sustainable weight loss. Designing Noninvasive Brain Stimulation, Beth Israel effective weight-loss interventions requires an understanding of how these behav- Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA; iours are elicited, how they relate to each other and whether they are supported by 3Weight Control and Diabetes Research common neurocognitive mechanisms. This may provide valuable insights to opti- Center, The Miriam Hospital, Providence, RI, mize existing interventions and develop novel approaches to weight control. USA; 4Institut Universitari de Researchers have begun to investigate the neurocognitive underpinnings of eating Neurorehabilitació Guttmann, Universidad behaviour and the impact of physical activity on cognition and the brain. This Autónoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain review attempts to bring these somewhat disparate, yet interrelated lines of literature together in order to examine a hypothesis that eating behaviour and Received 18 February 2011; revised 22 April physical activity share a common neurocognitive link. The link pertains to execu- 2011; accepted 1 May 2011 tive functions, which rely on brain circuits located in the prefrontal cortex. These advanced cognitive processes are of limited capacity and undergo relentless strain Address for correspondence: Dr GL in the current obesogenic environment. The increased demand on these neurocog- Blackburn, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical nitive resources as well as their overuse and/or impairment may facilitate impulses Center, Department of Surgery, Center for the to over-eat, contributing to weight gain and obesity. This impulsive eating drive Study of Nutrition Medicine, Feldberg 880, may be counteracted by physical activity due to its enhancement of neurocognitive East Campus, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, resources for executive functions and goal-oriented behaviour. By enhancing the MA 02215, USA. E-mail: resources that facilitate ‘top-down’ inhibitory control, increased physical activity [email protected] may help compensate and suppress the hedonic drive to over-eat. Understanding how physical activity and eating behaviours interact on a neurocognitive level may help to maintain a healthy lifestyle in an obesogenic environment. Keywords: Eating behaviour, neurocognition, obesity, physical activity. obesity reviews (2011) 12, 800–812 relapse of weight gain (6) are common. The limited long- Introduction term success of such interventions may be attributable in Despite increased awareness, public health campaigns and part to a failure to fully understand and exploit the con- novel therapies, obesity rates remain at alarming levels in nection between the two therapeutic cornerstones, physi- the USA (1) and are increasing worldwide (2). Lifestyle- cal activity and eating behaviours. Indeed, while much based weight-loss interventions consistently produce a emphasis is placed on modifying both behaviours to 7–10% decline in initial body weight (3), but the condi- promote an immediate energy deficit, there has been less tion is refractory, and poor retention rates (4,5) and emphasis on understanding how a change in one of these behaviours may support the longer-term maintenance of The authors do not report any financial support in the research or in the change in the other. A clearer understanding of the inter- writing of this manuscript. action between physical activity and eating behaviours 800 © 2011 The Authors obesity reviews © 2011 International Association for the Study of Obesity 12, 800–812 obesity reviews Physical activity restrains over-eating R. J. Joseph et al. 801 based on underlying neurocognitive processes and adap- dietary self-report and mixed samples of normal and tations may help to optimize the implementation, adop- overweight/obese individuals may undermine the reliability tion and combined effect of each for healthy, sustainable of the data. Such epidemiologic studies can, at best, identify weight loss (7,8). potential associations and help formulate hypothesis that The analysis of behaviour change via neurocognitive warrant follow-up testing. The extent and direction of cau- modelling holds promise as one of this decade’s most ben- sality and underlying mechanisms of this behavioural cova- eficial developments in the treatment of obesity. Behaviour riance remains largely unexplored given the observational change implies a critical switch whereby an externally nature of these studies. imposed intervention transits into self-regulated actions Studies also indicate that physical activity and dietary that facilitate a desired outcome. Adapted cognitive pro- behaviours comprise a constellation of similar lifestyle cesses and resultant behaviour patterns underlie these behaviours that cluster together (17,18). A review article by so-called ‘goal-oriented’ actions, such as resisting high- Blair et al. indicates that physical activity may indirectly calorie foods and increasing physical activity to align with influence health behaviours like smoking, substance abuse, a weight-loss goal. On a neurocognitive level, these behav- risk taking, over-eating and stress management (19). Con- iour changes involve the alteration of the brain’s neurobio- versely, sedentary behaviour and unhealthy eating habits fit logical substrates and plastic processing pathways that are into the cluster of behaviours that are adverse to health. cemented over time (9). Identifying these pathways and One study, which documented the prevalence and cluster determining how to modify the neurocognitive processes patterns of lifestyle factors among a random sample of involved in adopting healthy lifestyle behaviours is essential adolescents, adults and seniors from a large Midwestern to achieving sustained weight loss. By linking two emerging health plan, found that overall, 14.5% of the health plan lines of neuroscience literature, we posit that increased members met recommended guidelines for four healthy physical activity and consumption of a healthy diet share a lifestyle factors – physical activity, non-smoking, high- common neurocognitive underpinning. This may help to quality diet and healthy weight (20). An investigation into explain the observational association and behavioural the prevalence and clustering of lifestyle risk factors such as interplay between these lifestyle factors and may be useful sedentary behaviour, smoking, low fruit and vegetable con- in developing more effective weight-loss interventions. sumption and excessive alcohol consumption among Dutch men and women found significant clustering, with about 20% of the participants having three risk factors simulta- The associative link between physical neously (21). Analysis of data from the Cardiovascular activity and diet: observations and Risk in Young Finns Study reported similar grouping (22). theoretical foundations Specifically, physical inactivity has been associated with Whereas the effect of physical activity and dietary habits on smoking (23) and increased dietary fat consumption (24), disease has been established (10,11), the ability of these and those who smoke and drink regularly tend to consume two behaviours to indirectly modify each other has been less fruits and vegetables (25). In one study that specifically sparsely documented. The few studies that examined the examined the patterns of adolescent physical activity and interaction between habitual physical activity and healthy dietary behaviours, the most prevalent cluster of related diet suggest an interactive and reinforcing relationship health behaviours was formed by not meeting the physical (12,13). A study by Brodney et al. found that higher car- activity and fruit and vegetable recommendations (26). diorespiratory fitness levels were associated with lower per- These studies imply that physical activity and dietary centage of energy from fat, higher dietary fibre intake, behaviours do not occur in isolation. The synchronized reduced cholesterol intake and closer adherence to dietary tracking of lifestyle factors suggests that these are complex, recommendations (14). Findings from a study of 2004 New multidimensional behaviours that coexist, occur collec- England households suggested that moderately to very tively in distinct patterns and perhaps reinforce each other. active individuals tend to consume more fibre, less total fat For decades, health psychologists, who examine how and less saturated fat than sedentary participants (15). In biological, behavioural and psychological factors influence one of the few prospective studies in this area, men and health and illness, have laid the groundwork to explain women who reported increases in their activity levels from the connection between lifestyle behaviours through obser- age 33 to 42 also reported improvement in the overall vation, theories and tested psychological constructs. A quality of their diet (16). Taken together, these studies variety of social cognitive models (27), each of which pro- suggest a link between physical activity and diet, opening vides a slightly
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Association Between Hedonic Hunger and Body-Mass Index
    CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by Repositório Aberto da Universidade do Porto www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Association between hedonic hunger and body-mass index versus obesity status Received: 14 November 2017 Gabriela Ribeiro1,2, Marta Camacho1,11, Osvaldo Santos3,4, Cristina Pontes5, Sandra Torres6,7 & Accepted: 23 March 2018 Albino J. Oliveira-Maia 1,8,9,10 Published: xx xx xxxx Obesity-associated diferences in hedonic hunger, while consistently reported, have not been adequately quantifed, with most studies failing to demonstrate strong correlations between Body Mass Index (BMI) and hedonic hunger indicators. Here, we quantifed and assessed the nature of the relationship between hedonic hunger and BMI, in a cross-sectional study using the Portuguese version of the PFS (P-PFS) to measure hedonic hunger. Data were collected from 1266 participants belonging to non-clinical, clinical (candidates for weight-loss surgery) and population samples. Across samples, signifcant but weak positive associations were found between P-PFS scores and BMI, in adjusted linear regression models. However, in logistic regression models of data from the clinical and non- clinical samples, the P-PFS Food Available domain score was signifcantly and robustly associated with belonging to the clinical sample (OR = 1.8, 95%CI: 1.2–2.8; p = 0.008), while in the population sample it was associated to being obese (OR = 2.1, 95%CI: 1.6–2.7; p < 0.001). Thus, hedonic hunger levels are associated with obesity status with the odds of being obese approximately doubling for each unit increase in the P-PFS Food Available score.
    [Show full text]
  • Trusting Homeostatic Cues Versus Accepting Hedonic Cues a Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Two Distinct Mindfulness-Based
    -RXUQDORI&RQWH[WXDO%HKDYLRUDO6FLHQFH ² Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jcbs Empirical research Trusting homeostatic cues versus accepting hedonic cues: A randomized 0$5. controlled trial comparing two distinct mindfulness-based intervention components Lindsay M. Martina,⁎, Hallie M. Espel-Huynha, Stephanie Marando-Blancka, Brittney C. Evansa, Evan M. Formana, Meghan L. Butryna, Ruth A. Baerb, Ruth Q. Woleverc, James D. Herberta a Drexel University, Department of Psychology, 3141 Chestnut St., Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States b University of Kentucky, Department of Psychology, 115 Kastle Hall, Lexington, KY 40506, United States c Vanderbilt Schools of Medicine and Nursing, 3401 West End Ave. Suite 380, Durham, NC 37203, United States ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: Objective: Mindfulness-informed cognitive behavioral interventions for obesity are promising. However, results Obesity on the efficacy of such treatments are inconsistent which in part may be due to their substantially different Weight loss methods of practice. This study is the first direct comparison of two theoretically distinct mindfulness-based Mindfulness weight loss approaches: increasing awareness of homeostatic/innate physiological cues versus hedonic/ex- Hedonic ternally-driven cues for eating. Homeostatic Methods: Overweight adults were randomized to one of three group-based workshops: Mindful Eating (ME; n = 21), Mindful Decision-Making (MD; n = 17), or active standard behavioral control (SC; n = 19). Outcome measures included percent weight change and reduction in caloric intake from baseline to 6 weeks. Results: Differences in weight loss and calorie reduction did not differ significantly among groups. However, the difference in weight loss between the MD and ME groups trended towards significance, with medium-large effect sizes.
    [Show full text]
  • Overeating As an Addiction
    Overeating as an Addiction A Literature Thesis by Rony Halevy Brain & Cognitive Sciences Msc. Program Cognitive Science Center Amsterdam University of Amsterdam Supervised by: prof. dr. Reinout Wiers University of Amsterdam Co-assessor: Dr. Sanne de Wit University of Amsterdam Fabruary 2012 Introduction Over the last few decades the prevalence of obesity is increasing in many parts of the world (Farooqi & O'Rahilly, 2007) and obesity is claimed to pose a significant health threat (von Deneen & Liu, 2011). Obesity is starting to be recognized as a neurological disorder (Dagher, 2009) and a suggestion was made to include it in the DSM-V (Volkow & O'Brien, 2007). As part of the effort to reduce the rate of what is referred to as "the obesity epidemic", attempts are being made to understand the brain processes related to food intake and satiety (Rolls, 2007). A tremendous increase in the understanding of the molecular and neural mechanisms underlying these processes was made in the past two decades (Zigman & Elmquist, 2003). The role of brain reward mechanisms received a lot of attention (Davis & Fox, 2008). Various risk factors – genetic, developmental and environmental – are likely to interact among overeaters. One line of explanation is the "thrifty genotype", suggesting that the circuits involved in food consumption and storage were designed in an environment where food was scarce, and are putting some individuals at risk of overconsumption in today's western environment (Volkow & O'Brien, 2007). A separation can be made between homeostatic hunger – following a period of food deprivation, and hedonic hunger – which occurs in the absence of deprivation (Davis et al., 2009).
    [Show full text]
  • Motivation and Hedonic Hunger As Predictors of Self-Reported Food Intake in Adolescents
    Motivation and Hedonic Hunger as Predictors of Self-Reported Food Intake in Adolescents: Disentangling Between-Person and Within-Person Processes By Carolina M. Bejarano Submitted to the graduate degree program in Clinical Child Psychology and the Graduate Faculty of the University of Kansas in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts. ________________________________ Chairperson: Christopher C. Cushing, Ph.D. ________________________________ Paula Fite, Ph.D. ________________________________ Ric G. Steele, Ph.D. Date Defended: October 7, 2016 ii The Thesis Committee for Carolina M. Bejarano certifies that this is the approved version of the following thesis: Motivation and Hedonic Hunger as Predictors of Self-Reported Food Intake in Adolescents: Disentangling Between-Person and Within-Person Processes ________________________________ Chairperson: Christopher C. Cushing, Ph.D. Date approved: November 13, 2016 iii Abstract Background: Dietary behavior contributes substantially to health across the lifespan. Understanding interactions between stable characteristics and fluctuating drive states underlying youth’s food choices may inform methods for promoting more healthful food intake. The present study examined dietary motivation and hedonic hunger as interacting predictors of adolescents’ consumption of sweet, starchy, fatty, and fast foods. Methods: Intensive longitudinal data were collected from 50 adolescent participants (ages 13-18) over a 20-day study period. Participants completed a measure of dietary motivation at baseline and reported on hedonic hunger and consumption of palatable foods via a smartphone application at the end of each study day. Results: Results indicated that 66.7% of the variability in hedonic hunger was between-person and 33.3% was within-person. Between-person hedonic hunger was positively associated with consumption of fatty foods (β = .28, p < .05) and within-person hedonic hunger was positively associated with consumption of starchy foods (β = .38, p < .0001).
    [Show full text]
  • Hedonic Eating in Prader–Willi Syndrome Is Associated with Blunted PYY Secretion
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by AIR Universita degli studi di Milano Food & Nutrition Research ISSN: 1654-6628 (Print) 1654-661X (Online) Journal homepage: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/zfnr20 Hedonic eating in Prader–Willi syndrome is associated with blunted PYY secretion A. E. Rigamonti, S. Bini, F. Piscitelli, A. Lauritano, V. Di Marzo, C. Vanetti, F. Agosti, A. De Col, E. Lucchetti, G. Grugni & A. Sartorio To cite this article: A. E. Rigamonti, S. Bini, F. Piscitelli, A. Lauritano, V. Di Marzo, C. Vanetti, F. Agosti, A. De Col, E. Lucchetti, G. Grugni & A. Sartorio (2017) Hedonic eating in Prader–Willi syndrome is associated with blunted PYY secretion, Food & Nutrition Research, 61:1, 1297553, DOI: 10.1080/16546628.2017.1297553 To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/16546628.2017.1297553 © 2017 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. Published online: 02 May 2017. Submit your article to this journal View related articles View Crossmark data Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at http://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=zfnr20 Download by: [Università degli Studi di Milano] Date: 02 May 2017, At: 06:08 FOOD & NUTRITION RESEARCH, 2017 VOL. 61, 1297553 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/16546628.2017.1297553 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Hedonic eating in Prader–Willi syndrome is associated with blunted PYY secretion A. E. Rigamontia, S. Binia,F.Piscitellib, A. Lauritanob,V.DiMarzob,C.Vanettic,F.Agostid,A.DeCold,E.Lucchettid, G.
    [Show full text]
  • Explorative Placebo-Controlled Double-Blind Intervention Study
    Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research Volume 2.1, 2017 Cannabis and DOI: 10.1089/can.2017.0018 Cannabinoid Research ORIGINAL RESEARCH Open Access Explorative Placebo-Controlled Double-Blind Intervention Study with Low Doses of Inhaled D9-Tetrahydrocannabinol and Cannabidiol Reveals No Effect on Sweet Taste Intensity Perception and Liking in Humans Suzanne E.M. de Bruijn, Cees de Graaf, Renger F. Witkamp, and Gerry Jager* Abstract Introduction: The endocannabinoid system (ECS) plays an important role in food reward. For example, in humans, liking of palatable foods is assumed to be modulated by endocannabinoid activity. Studies in rodents suggest that the ECS also plays a role in sweet taste intensity perception, but it is unknown to what extent this can be extrapolated to humans. Therefore, this study aimed at elucidating whether D9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) or cannabidiol (CBD) af- fects sweet taste intensity perception and liking in humans, potentially resulting in alterations in food preferences. Materials and Methods: In a randomized placebo-controlled, double-blind crossover study, 10 healthy males par- ticipated in three test sessions that were 2 weeks apart. During the test sessions, participants received THC-rich, CBD- rich, or placebo Cannabis by inhalation divided over two doses (4 + 1mgTHC;25 + 10 mg CBD). Participants tasted seven chocolate milk-like drinks that differed in sugar concentration and they rated sweet taste intensity and liking of the drinks. They were then asked to rank the seven drinks according to how much they liked the drinks and were offered ad libitum access to their favorite drink. In addition, they completed a computerized food preference task and completed an appetite questionnaire at the start, midway, and end of the test sessions.
    [Show full text]
  • The Hunger Games: Homeostatic State-Dependent Fluctuations in Disinhibition Measured with a Novel Gamified Test Battery
    nutrients Article The Hunger Games: Homeostatic State-Dependent Fluctuations in Disinhibition Measured with a Novel Gamified Test Battery Katharina Voigt 1,† , Emily Giddens 1,†, Romana Stark 2, Emma Frisch 1, Neda Moskovsky 1, Naomi Kakoschke 1, Julie C. Stout 1 , Mark A. Bellgrove 1, Zane B. Andrews 2 and Antonio Verdejo-Garcia 1,* 1 Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia; [email protected] (K.V.); [email protected] (E.G.); [email protected] (E.F.); [email protected] (N.M.); [email protected] (N.K.); [email protected] (J.C.S.); [email protected] (M.A.B.) 2 Department of Physiology and Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia; [email protected] (R.S.); [email protected] (Z.B.A.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +61-3-9905-5374 † These authors contributed equally to this work. Abstract: Food homeostatic states (hunger and satiety) influence the cognitive systems regulating impulsive responses, but the direction and specific mechanisms involved in this effect remain elusive. We examined how fasting, and satiety, affect cognitive mechanisms underpinning disinhibition using a novel framework and a gamified test-battery. Thirty-four participants completed the test-battery measuring three cognitive facets of disinhibition: attentional control, information gathering and monitoring of feedback, across two experimental sessions: one after overnight fasting and another Citation: Voigt, K.; Giddens, E.; after a standardised meal. Homeostatic state was assessed using subjective self-reports and biological Stark, R.; Frisch, E.; Moskovsky, N.; markers (i.e., blood-derived liver-expressed antimicrobial protein 2 (LEAP-2), insulin and leptin).
    [Show full text]
  • Peripheral Endocannabinoid Responses to Hedonic Eating in Binge-Eating Disorder
    nutrients Article Peripheral Endocannabinoid Responses to Hedonic Eating in Binge-Eating Disorder Alessio Maria Monteleone 1, Fabiana Piscitelli 2, Riccardo Dalle Grave 3, Marwan El Ghoch 3, Vincenzo Di Marzo 2,* ID , Mario Maj 1 and Palmiero Monteleone 1,4,* ID 1 Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, Italy; [email protected] (A.M.M.); [email protected] (M.M.) 2 Endocannabinoid Research Group, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 80078 Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy; [email protected] 3 Department of Eating and Weight Disorders, Villa Garda Hospital, 37016 Garda, Verona, Italy; [email protected] (R.D.G.); [email protected] (M.E.G.) 4 Neuroscience Section, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, 84081 Salerno, Italy * Correspondence: [email protected] (V.D.M.); [email protected] (P.M.); Tel.: +39-081-8675093 (V.D.M.); +39-089-965015 (P.M.) Received: 19 November 2017; Accepted: 19 December 2017; Published: 20 December 2017 Abstract: Reward mechanisms are likely implicated in the pathophysiology of binge-eating behaviour, which is a key symptom of binge-eating disorder (BED). Since endocannabinoids modulate food-related reward, we aimed to investigate the responses of anandamide (AEA) and 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) to hedonic eating in patients with BED. Peripheral levels of AEA and 2-AG were measured in 7 obese BED patients before and after eating favorite (hedonic eating) and non-favorite (non-hedonic eating) foods. We found that plasma levels of AEA progressively decreased after eating the non-favorite food and significantly increased after eating the favorite food, whereas plasma levels of 2-AG did not differ significantly between the two test conditions, although they showed a trend toward significantly different time patterns.
    [Show full text]
  • The Relationship Between Ghrelin and Fatty Acids
    wjpmr, 2020,6(6), 57-61 SJIF Impact Factor: 5.922 WORLD JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL Review Article Aysel. World Journal of Pharmaceutical and Medical Research AND MEDICAL RESEARCH ISSN 2455-3301 www.wjpmr.com WJPMR THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN GHRELIN AND FATTY ACIDS Aysel Sari* Fırat University, Faculty of Science Biochemistry Chemistry. *Corresponding Author: Aysel Sari Fırat University, Faculty of Science Biochemistry Chemistry. Article Received on 03/04/2020 Article Revised on 24/04/2020 Article Accepted on 14/05/2020 ABSTRACT Ghrelin stimulates food intake, initiating a feeling of hunger. In order to regulate the energy balance, the role of ghrelin is important in food intake and regulation of energy balance. Lipids, fatty acids and triglycerides are the primary fuel source for energy in many organisms. Lipids are esters of fatty acids, or compounds that can be esterified; The main building blocks are fatty acids. Fatty acids are the body's energy regulators, and the functional relationship with ghrelin is very important. Approach: It is aimed to summarize the recent information about Ghrelin and fatty acids and their functions in biochemistry and clinical chemistry in body energy regulation and the importance of fatty acids related to ghrelin. KEYWORDS: Ghrelin, Fatty Acids, Lipid. INTRODUCTION Peptides that affect these nutrient intake functions making these arrangements are known as peripheral Hunger is a feeling and inform the desire to eat and apply peptides. Peripheral peptides are produced in the to the body. It originates from the needs of the source. digestive tract and are divided into two parts. Orexigenic This is called homeostatic hunger.
    [Show full text]
  • Poorer Mental Health and Sleep Quality Are Associated with Greater
    Betts et al. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity (2021) 18:58 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-021-01124-9 RESEARCH Open Access Poorer mental health and sleep quality are associated with greater self-reported reward-related eating during pregnancy and postpartum: an observational cohort study Grace M. Betts1, Leah M. Lipsky1* , Chelsie D. Temmen1, Anna Maria Siega-Riz2, Myles S. Faith3 and Tonja R. Nansel1 Abstract Background: Depression, stress, and poor-quality sleep are common during pregnancy and postpartum, but the relationship of these factors with reward-related eating is not well understood. This observational cohort study examines associations of depression, stress, and sleep quality with self-reported reward-related eating in pregnancy and postpartum. Methods: Participants were enrolled at < 12 weeks gestation and followed through 1 year postpartum. Self- reported measures obtained at baseline and 23–31 weeks postpartum included the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, Perceived Stress Scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index; reward-related eating measures included the Power of Food Scale (assessing hedonic hunger), modified Yale Food Addiction Scale (assessing addictive-like eating), and frequency and intensity of cravings. Linear and logistic regression models estimated associations of depressive symptoms, stress, and sleep quality with reward-related eating during pregnancy and postpartum, as well as change in each predictor with change in outcome. (Continued on next page) * Correspondence: [email protected] 1Social and Behavioral Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, 6710B Rockledge Dr., MSC 7004, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Full list of author information is available at the end of the article © The Author(s).
    [Show full text]
  • Hedonic Hunger: a New Dimension of Appetite? ⁎ Michael R
    Physiology & Behavior 91 (2007) 432–439 Hedonic hunger: A new dimension of appetite? ⁎ Michael R. Lowe , Meghan L. Butryn Department of Psychology, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA Abstract An increasing proportion of human food consumption appears to be driven by pleasure, not just by the need for calories. In addition to its effects on body mass and health, the food environment in affluent societies may be creating an appetitive counterpart to the psychological effects of other hedonically-driven activities such as drug use and compulsive gambling. This phenomenon is referred to here as “hedonic hunger.” Animal literature is reviewed indicating that brain-based homeostatic and hedonic eating motives overlap but are nonetheless dissociable. In humans there is evidence that obese individuals prefer and consume high palatability foods more than those of normal weight. Among normal weight individuals it has long been assumed that the appetitive anomalies associated with restrained eating are due to diet-induced challenges to the homeostatic system, but we review evidence suggesting that they more likely stem from hedonic hunger (i.e., eating less than wanted rather than less than needed). Finally, a recently-developed measure (the Power of Food Scale; PFS) of individual differences in appetitive responsiveness to rewarding properties of the food environment is described. Preliminary evidence indicates that the PFS is reliable and valid and is related to clinically-relevant variables such as food cravings and binge eating. This measure, combined with environmental manipulations of food availability and palatability, may constitute a useful approach to studying hedonic hunger. © 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
    [Show full text]
  • Does Dietary Behavior Mediate the Association Between Hedonic Hunger and BMI in Overweight/Obese Adolescents? Kirandeep Kaur Brigham Young University
    Brigham Young University BYU ScholarsArchive All Theses and Dissertations 2018-07-01 Does Dietary Behavior Mediate the Association Between Hedonic Hunger and BMI in Overweight/Obese Adolescents? Kirandeep Kaur Brigham Young University Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd Part of the Psychology Commons BYU ScholarsArchive Citation Kaur, Kirandeep, "Does Dietary Behavior Mediate the Association Between Hedonic Hunger and BMI in Overweight/Obese Adolescents?" (2018). All Theses and Dissertations. 6934. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6934 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by BYU ScholarsArchive. It has been accepted for inclusion in All Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of BYU ScholarsArchive. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. Does Dietary Behavior Mediate the Association Between Hedonic Hunger and BMI in Overweight/Obese Adolescents? Kirandeep Kaur A thesis submitted to the faculty of Brigham Young University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science Chad Jensen, Committee Chair Kat Green Lori Spruance Department of Psychology Brigham Young University Copyright © 2018 Kirandeep Kaur All Rights Reserved ABSTRACT Does Dietary Behavior Mediate the Association Between Hedonic Hunger and BMI in Overweight/Obese Adolescents? Kirandeep Kaur Department of Psychology, BYU Master of Science Heightened reward associated with palatable food, a construct referred to as hedonic reward, can promote excessive energy intake among adults. However, no known studies have examined the influence of hedonic reward on adolescents’ eating behavior and weight status. The present study examined whether there was an association between hedonic hunger and weight status in overweight/obese adolescents and whether dietary behavior (caloric consumption) mediated this association.
    [Show full text]