Global Award for Sustainable Architecture™ 2018
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GLOBAL AWARD FOR SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURE™ 2018 CITÉ DE L’ARCHITECTURE & DU PATRIMOINE Palais de Chaillot - 1, place du Trocadéro & du 11 novembre, Paris 16e The Global Award for Sustainable architecture, urban renewal and academic Architecture™ was founded in 2006 by social responsibility. It defines architecture the architect and professor Jana Revedin. as an agent of empowerment, self- The Global Award Community, which consists development and civic rights. of the 60 contemporary architects from around The Global Award is run by the Cité de the globe who have received the award, l’architecture & du patrimoine Paris and works towards a sustainable architectural is under the patronage of unesco. ethic and fosters research, experimentation and transmission in the fields of sustainable CONTACTS CITÉ DE L’ARCHITECTURE & DU PATRIMOINE Cultural Development Marie-Hélène Contal, director [email protected] Press contacts CITÉ Fabien Tison Le Roux 0033 1 58 51 52 85 0033 6 23 76 59 80 [email protected] Caroline Loizel 0033 1 58 51 52 82 0033 6 86 75 11 29 [email protected] citedelarchitecture.fr 2 summary Architecture as an agent of civic empowerment by Marie-Hélène Contal P.4 Award-winners 2018 P.8 BOONSERM PREMTHADA P.8 interview by Marie-Hélène Contal FRÉDÉRIC DRUOT, ANNE LACATON & JEAN-PHILIPPE VASSAL P.16 by Marie-Hélène Contal MARTA MACCAGLIA P.22 by Al Borde NINA MARITZ P.28 by Carin Smuts RAUMLABOR P.34 by Jana Revedin Bibliography & publications P.40 & 41 Founders & patrons P.42 Scientific committee & cultural partners P.44 Cover : « Bathing Culture Project », sauna, Gothenburg, Suède, raumlabor © raumlabor 3 heterogeneity and change and allowing Global Award 2018 : people to re-appropriate spaces.”3 Architecture as an agent But questions are still raised by the international architectural debate: what of civic empowerment could be the relationship between the empowerment of citizens and peak oil par Marie-Hélène Contal or the adaptation to global warming? And what about the architects who are principally builders? The polemic hypothesis of Bruno Latour The Global Award has been addressing this link between architecture and development Empowerment : the process whereby 1. The United Nations Human since the very start. Award winners from a group of citizens who face the Settlement Programme was created both the South (Carin Smuts, Francis Kéré) in 1978 to improve precarious habitat same development issues acquire the and the West (Patrick Bouchain, Santiago around the world. means to reinforce their ability to act. 2. Joan Clos, Richard Sennett, Ricky Cirugeda) have shown how, within their own Burdett, Saskia Sassen : “Towards an The theme of empowering citizens has theatres of activity, everything is connected: Open City : the Quito papers and become central to the debate about the the ecological crisis, the conditions of the new urban agenda”, UN Habitat 1 access to resources, the feasibility of III Forum, Quito 2016 sustainable city. The UN Habitat Summit solutions, the impact of deregulation on the 3. Ibid. in Quito in 2016 culminated in a written common ground, urban equity... 4.“Wet backs” is the name given manifesto, the Quito Papers, which owes to the Mexican migrants who Since then, the Global Award has observed cross the Rio Bravo in order to its importance as much to its clarity as enter and settle in the USA in a to the quality of its authors. Joan Clos, how architects draw up and share with each process described by Teddy Cruz as Richard Sennett, Ricky Burdett and Saskia other experiments and theories in the field encroachment. Sassen2 employed all of their authority of sustainable development. in asserting that fair and sustainable We have seen Teddy Cruz methodically development is only possible if we analyse the cross-border conurbation of abandon the functionalist urban model Tijuana-San Diego and draw up his theory and restore to citizens the control over of the Political Equator. This suggests that their own habitats and cities. global economic imbalance is creating an urban conflict between the wealthy cities UN Habitat started this shift at its of the North and the precarious cities of Istanbul summit in 1996 where sustainable the South while also connecting them development was recognised as an via the unequal exchange of resources objective and open processes were – the wet-backs4 of Tijuana, for example, favoured over large-scale planning as against the urban waste of San Diego. a means of achieving it. Twenty years We have seen Balkrishna Doshi restore a later the Quito Papers confirm the different paradigm between habitat and obsolescence of Late Functionalism development, anthropological nature, as an alternative to the industrialised housing – the idea that the Fordian standards imported from the West: “habitat isn’t a of industrial development of the 20th product but a process.” century remain valid and applicable to all corners of the globe: “More work is But a precise description of the links needed to complement the New Urban between the ecological crisis, democracy Agenda, helping to mark a paradigm and development is still lacking. We could search for support for this theory in other shift away from the rigidity of the fields: economics, social studies, etc. Or we technocratic, generic modernist model could overcome any difficulties by adopting we have inherited from the Charter of a little absurd reasoning: if it remains Athens towards a more open, malleable difficult to establish causal links we should and incremental urbanism. (…) The new simply note the intensity with which those paradigm requires the embracement of who deny these links do so. a broader time horizon, the concepts of flexibility and resilience, accommodating 4 It seems clear, for example, why the US oil Eco-architecture: a reserved 5. Où atterrir ? Comment s’orienter en politique, Bruno Latour, major Exxon Mobil financed the ACCF, privilege? a leading denier of global warming. And Ed. La Découverte, 2017, Other researchers note similar trans. by R.H. in the megalopolises of the South one developments. An investigation by 6. Laudato Si (Vatican, 2015), the can easily see how gated communities Evan Osnos11 in 2017 records how the encyclical written by an Argentinian are becoming closed, monitored green Pope who is very aware of urban geo-climatic research of Silicon Valley islands while urban deregulation and rising conditions in South America clearly identified New Zealand as a post traces the relationship between inequality are re-establishing the equation apocalypse refuge. Hi-tech tycoons are poverty and ecological disaster. precarious milieux = dangerous classes that following the lead of Reid Hoffman12 and 7. Où atterrir ? Comment s’orienter has been forgotten since the first industrial en politique, Bruno Latour, Peter Thiel13 by acquiring land there that revolution in England. Ed. La Découverte, 2017, they are transforming into self-sufficient trans. by R.H. Until recently, however, this negative ecological havens where they will be able 8. Ibid. analysis was only able to present an to live in the event of a planetary crash – a 9. ‘‘Our way of life is not negociable’’, George Bush Sr, Rio incomplete picture. But, as Bruno Latour crash that they envisage as being more 5 Summit, 1992 writes in an incisive essay , “we must likely to be human (riots, racial division and 10. Où atterrir ? Comment thank Trump for having greatly clarified other problems “created by the decline of s’orienter en politique, Bruno these matters by pushing for withdrawal the democratic system”14…) than ecological. Latour, Ed. La Découverte, 2017, from the Paris Climate Agreement on 1st trans. by R.H. This digression reinforces, albeit gloomily, June 2017. Trump has achieved something 11. Evan Osnos, ‘‘Doomsday prep the hypothesis of a structural link between that neither the militancy of millions of for the super rich’’, The New Yorker, ecological transition, democracy and 30th January 2017 ecologists nor the action of hundreds of development. It also explains certain gaps 12. Co-founder of LinkedIn industrialists achieved and drawn attention in the relationship between architecture, 13. Founder of PayPal to something to which even Pope Frances ecology and society. 14. Evan Osnos, ‘‘Doomsday prep couldn’t draw people’s attention6. Everyone for the super rich’’, The New Yorker, is now aware that the climate question is Latour’s hypothesis – a rapid erosion, 30th January 2017 the key geopolitical issue and that there is a driven from above, of regulations and 15. On Paolo Soleri : Arcosanti: An social relationships – partly explains why Urban Laboratory? Mayer, AZ.: The direct link between this and all injustice and Cosanti Press, 1993 inequality.”7 Europe is witnessing the emergence of excellent ecological architecture without Hence, Trumpism is providing a perfect this having any impact on the numbers countertype. By refusing to sign up to of those in poor housing. Experimental multi-lateral and equitable climate policies, eco-districts only spread their influence by closing frontiers and by fuelling horizontally within society. They are much deregulation, it is making it clear that, in the more successful in promoting ecological eyes of certain governing elites, “migration, change than in improving access to the explosion of inequality and the new habitat because the authorities don’t see climate regime,”8 are all connected and the link due to the fact that the world threatening a way of life that they don’t of self-building slips smoothly into the wish to change9. And that in the face of existing system without questioning its this threat these elites intend to no longer deficiencies. act in the public interest and promote solidarity and progress but, rather, to take This also explains our difficulties with shelter because “there won’t be a future for Masdar City in Abu Dhabi, a complete, everyone.”10 experimental eco-city.