The

A NewsletterTraveller of the Bartram Trail Conference Fall, 2008 An Update from Bartram’s Garden: ’s Evening Primrose and Seeds from Alabama

Joel T. Fry We have had equal success with Ala- bama seeds collected on the east side of Mobile Bay at D’Olive Creek in Daphne. Joel Fry is Curator of Bartram’s Garden, lo- cated on the property of John and William We expected many would take more than Bartram in . He collected seeds one cold season to germinate, but most and plants from the Tensaw Delta in Alabama came up this spring, at least in small num- while attending the 2007 Bartram Trail Con- bers. We have small plants of Alabama ference. Here is his report… supplejack, wild olive, red bay, Carolina laurelcherry, and perennial saltmarsh as- e have had surprising good luck ter, which has even begun flowering. It with both plants and seeds from turns out this same saltmarsh aster had AlabamaW at Bartram’s Garden this year. been collected by John Bartram “on the As noted in the spring 2008 issue of The beech of cape may” New Jersey, probably Traveller, a plant of William Bartram’s October 10, 1741. John Bartram’s speci- “most pompous and brilliant herbaceous men was sent to his first patron and sur- plant,” the golden evening-primrose or vives in Lord Peter’s Hortus Siccus at the Oenothera grandiflora, was brought from Sutro Library in San Francisco. The Ala- near Stockton, Alabama to Bartram’s bama supplejack or rattan vine is about a Garden in Philadelphia. The root quite foot high and beginning to twine around happily survived the winter and has been things. growing immense all summer. There are Most of these plants are in a single now probably a dozen stems, five to six William Bartram’s “most pompous and bril- raised nursery bed in a sheltered spot and feet tall. In spite of the luxuriant growth, liant herbaceous plant” Oenothera grandiflora the seeds survived the northern winter only in the last week of August has it be- blooming at Bartram’s Garden on the morning of with a light mulch of saltmarsh hay. In the gun to form flower buds, with the first September 5, 2008. same bed next year we hope to see some opening on August 27th. With the stock germination of yaupon, odorless bayberry of developing buds, it looks like it will waste places in the city of Philadelphia and farkleberry, and perhaps more exam- soon be flowering in abundance. since late June and most are almost done ples of the same species that came up this I’m not sure if the rather late bloom time flowering for the year. There is certainly a year. is natural for this species, or the result of family resemblance between the common We also have a nice crop of halberdleaf drought from mid-summer onward, or re- species and William Bartram’s giant eve- rosemallow from seed from the Tensaw peated attacks by Japanese beetles. During ning primrose, but the Alabama plant is River. This is something that might have July it was possible to pull handfuls of bee- much larger and the flowers much larger, once been found as a rare plant in Phila- tles off the plant daily. The plant survived lighter yellow, and perhaps stronger scent- delphia marshes, but is more often seen in the period with riddled leaves, but contin- ed. What we are most hoping is that it will the Southeast. John and William Bartram ued to grow. The common evening prim- produce a lot of seed so we can be sure to definitely encountered it in Virginia and ❖ rose, Oenothera biennis, has been bloom- continue William’s evening primrose here the Carolinas. ing elsewhere at the garden and in weedy in future, and distribute some seed.

1 Mark Dion Installation Meet Your Fellow Bartram Opens at Bartram’s Garden Trail Conference Members

John Ray

ohn Ray is a physicist. He understands general relativity, does computer simu- Jlations, taught at three universities, pub- lished about 150 peer-reviewed papers, and directed Ph.D. dissertations. If you are looking for him, however, don’t expect to see him hunched over a keyboard, or crunching numbers, or scrawling symbols on a chalkboard. You are more likely to find his six foot, four inch frame hauling an axe through a for- est. Once a student of gravity, John now struggles against its tug as he maintains the Bartram Trail in the northernmost Mark Dion examines a few of the thousands of objects he collected on his journey. reaches of Georgia. Aaron Igler/Greenhouse Media This Indiana boy, with a Ph.D. from Ohio University, spent thirty-three years artram’s Garden in Philadelphia grain of popular culture, to challenge on the faculty of Clemson University be- opened Mark Dion’s Travels of perception and convention. Appropri- fore retiring to the town of Central, South WilliamB Bartram—Reconsidered in June. ating archaeological and other scientific Carolina. Along the way, he spotted a his- The installation features modern-day methods of collecting, ordering, and torical marker sign that told of William natural and man-made items collected exhibiting objects, Dion creates works Bartram’s passage through the piedmont and catalogued by Dion and his team that question the distinctions between of the Palmetto State. When he learned more about Bartram, John tried to hike as they retraced some of Bartram’s jour- ‘objective’ (‘rational’) scientific meth- ods and ‘subjective’ (‘irrational’) influ- the Bartram trail in Georgia. After get- neys across southeastern America that ting lost several times, he discussed the ences. His works have appeared at the were featured in Bartram’s Travels. trail with the Forest Service ranger in “Most people don’t realize that Wil- Museum of Modern Art in New York, Clayton, Georgia. The ranger talked John liam Bartram was the first true Ameri- the Tate Museum in London, Carn- and his hiking partner, Malcolm Skove, can travel writer,” said Dion. “He was egie Museum of Art in Pittsburgh, and into writing a hiking guide for the trail. also a great artist, drawing natural ob- other museums and galleries around the Within a year, they had completed the jects and wildlife, an avid adventurer, world. Dion has also been an artist-in- guide. During that time, the pair hiked and a progressive naturalist. All these residence at the Museum of Natural the Bartram several times and started do- things drew me to his work and to find- History in London. ing maintenance. He continues to travel ing what Bartram would have found if Dion began his journey in Novem- the 3-hour round trip from his home to he had taken his journey in 2008 instead ber 2007. Working with groups of col- spend between 50 and 100 days a year maintaining the trail. Occasionally, a few of 1773.” leagues, he completed fifty separate excursions in April 2008. More than people join him on these outings. As a re- Mark Dion is a well-known con- sult, serious and casual hikers can locate 10,000 items made their way into his temporary artist and sculptor. His work the trail and find their way along its well- examines the ways in which dominant containers. Among them are bugs, kept track. ideologies and public institutions shape plants, dolls, tools, chess pieces and John has written four trail guides: Geor- our understanding of history, knowl- shot glasses. They came from eleven flea gia Bartram Trail, North Carolina Bar- edge, and the natural world. The job of markets, twenty-two junk stores, thirty- tram Trail, Appletree Group Camp Trails, the artist, he says, is to go against the continued on page 4 continued on page 9

2 New Look and New Information for www.bartramtrail.org By Brad Sanders he Bartram Trail Conference web site will take on a new look in Oc- Ttober. Already the number two Google hit for William Bartram, coming right after the Wikipedia entry, the site will offer new features and more informa- tion. Among the major additions are the final sections of Bartram Heritage, which I have scanned and will make available online. Bartram Heritage was published in 1979 by the Bartram Trail Conference, under contract with the United States Department of the Inte- rior. Scores of researchers and dozens of institutions participated in creating this report on the feasibility of a Bartram National Scenic Trail. The commit- tee reported on primary and secondary Bartram heritage sites, and wrote about the life and legacy of William Bartram. The Heritage report is out of print and has been hard to obtain for some years now. Making the complete Bartram Heri- tage available online has been a goal of the Bartram Trail Conference and this fall that goal will be realized. What is involved in completing the final two sections of Bartram Heritage is to scan the pages, then use OmniPage to con- cause GoLive has been supplanted by will allow for more timely addition of vert the images to text. I clean up the Dreamweaver as the preferred author- news and events. errors that OmniPage makes, which are ing program for web designers, I had amazingly few, and place the text in new to spend a few weeks learning the new Check out the web site (www.bartram. pages. The maps are scanned and linked software. While that has required me org) in late October and see for yourself. ❖ to the text pages. to move the older files to the new for- A new section on the site will fea- mat, it has allowed the use of Cascad- ture images of Bartram Trail historical ing Style Sheets to make the web site Brad Sanders teaches graphic design at Cedar Shoals High School in Athens, Georgia. He markers. uniform; and better typographic control is webmaster of the Bartram Trail Confer- I have been working on our web site has allowed me to make the text more ence and has published the widely used Guide this past summer, adding new infor- readable. Another feature that will be to William Bartram’s Travels (Fevertree Press, mation and transferring our files from included in the updated web site is the 2002). He also designs and publishes The Traveller. A grant from the BTC enabled him GoLive to Dreamweaver. Since I built use of a program called Contribute, to improve the website. the web site in 1999, technology has which allows designated members to changed significantly. For example, be- update or add new information. This

3 Mark Dion, continued from page 2 six yard sales, and many roadsides and swamps. Most of these items will be A Letter from Bartram to displayed in custom-made “curiosity cabinets” specifically designed for Bar- , Jr. tram’s Garden. ears after John Bartram corresponded with Carl Linnaeus, father of modern The installation will be on display to Ytaxonomy, his sons tried to get in touch the public in the historic home of John with Carl Jr., Linnaeus’s son. William Bartram at Bartram’s Garden through wrote a letter in his own hand and signed December 6, 2008. Bartram’s Garden for his brother John as well. They sought has hosted a number of educational to learn if two plants, the bigleaf snowbell, events related to both William Bartram Styrax grandifolius, and the al- and Mark Dion’s exhibit through the atamaha were known in Europe and, if so, summer and fall. More information can how Linnaeus, Sr. had classified them. be found at www.BartramsGarden.org., Joel Fry, Curator of Bartram’s Garden Mark Dion’s Travels of William Bar- in Philadelphia, received a facsimile of the tram. letter from a colleague in Uppsala, Swe- Franklinia alatamaha The public can experience Mark Di- den. Joel says that the letter “was an at- tempt to revive botanic correspondence at on’s expedition online at www.MarkDi- the end of the Revolution.” the Franklinia demonstrates not only onsBartramsTravels.com. Video of dai- “Most importantly,” says Joel, “William Bartram’s style but also the details eigh- ly travels, city stops, photo galleries, and included notes on his first cultivation of teenth-century scientists used to commu- audio, along with blogs, Mark’s hand- the plants. Bartram appended drawings of nicate about plants. written journals, and maps, pinpoint his each new plant. In spite of several efforts, The complete letter will be available in travels and provide a unique experience the drawings have not been found in any the forthcoming two-volume publication, ❖ with the artist. Swedish archive.” William Bartram’s Manuscripts, edited by The following transcript (on page 5) Thomas Hallock and Nancy E. Hoffman ❖ of the portion of the letter dealing with (University of Georgia Press).

Upcoming Events “An Evening “Liquid Muse” to Feature William • Museum of Florida Art (formerly De- Bartram in Florida Land Museum of Art). with William The accompanying lecture series includes lthough William Bartram was not joint presentations by scholars and artists. Bartram” a landscape painter, his Travels BTC member Charlotte M. Porter will continuesA to inspire art associated with read the “special effects” from William Florida’s St. Johns River. “Liquid Muse: Bartram’s Travels to accompany land- Pigeon Forge, Tennessee Paintings from the St. Johns Region,” scape painter Sydney McKenna’s “H20 ill Landry, creator of The Heartland a traveling exhibit, will bring together Rising:When Water Goes Air-born.” Series on Knoxville’s WBIR-TV, much of this art, along with presentations Other speakers include historian Gary Bwill present “William Bartram—An by scholars and artists. Monroe; artist Allison Watson; Rawlings Unlikely Explorer” as part of the Wil- “Liquid Muse” will open at the Thomas scholar Murray Laurie; former county Center, Gainesville, FL, on August 30, commissioner and graphic artist Kate derness Wildlife Week. Landry’s lecture 2008, with a reception on October 2 and Barnes; author Bill Belleville; springs art- and drama includes video of Bartram daylong symposium at Santa Fe College, ist Margaret Tolbert; and rancher-artists sites and discoveries. The presentation Gainesville on October 3. The exhibit will Sean Sexton and Spence Gurrin. Perfor- will be at the Music Road Hotel and travel to four other venues on William Bar- mance artist Dean Quigley will portray Convention Center in Pigeon Forge, tram’s itinerary along the St. Johns River: William Bartram. Tennessee on Saturday, January 17, • The Alexander Brest Museum, Jackson- “Liquid Muse,” curated by Mallory 2009, 7:30 to 8:30. ville University O’Connor, features works in different More information will be available media by forty-five contemporary Florida • Tallahassee Museum of History and in November on www.mypigeonforge. artists. The Florida Humanities Council Natural Science ❖ com or on www.billlandryproductions. has funded the exhibit. ❖ • Florida School of the Arts, Palatka com.

4 A Letter from Bartram to Carl Linnaeus, Jr. Philadelphia Augt. 16, 1783 Calyx The Perianthium is double. The exterior ones are two oblong & patent inflexed at their extremities, they Sir fall off when the flower drops. The interior are five equal From the Friendship that so long & happily subsisted roundish concave segments, which press close to the between Your Father the great & excellent Linneus, & my bottom of the corolla & when the Flower drops closely Father I am incouraged to hope this address will not be embrace the Stile, & remain so untill the extention of the unacceptable. Germen or Pericarpium pushes them off. Being willing to communicate to the School of The Corolla is composed of 5 nearly round patent Petals, In Sweden whatever new plants I have or may here after crisped on their limb the inferior one deeply concave, discover and being informed by Dr. Killman a worthy They coalice at their base forming a narow short tube. Young Gentleman [in?] that you amused yourself in The Stamina are a multitude of Awl shaped filaments Botanical reserches. which coalice at their base and adhere to the tube of I have taken the liberty to present to you by the hands the Corolla, but seem to be collected into five seperate of Doctr. Killman two drawings of very beautiful Shrubs bundles. together with their descriptions. If they should not prove The Anthera are didymous. The Germen is nearly round & nondescript I should be glad to know their generick covered with fine hair. Names. The Pistillum Style cylindrical & longer then the Stamina. r We are S . The Stigma is obtuse and radiated. with much respect The Pericarpium is subrotund, ligneous, & opens at the Your Obedt. Hble. Servt. bottom by 5 valves disclosing 5 Cells or cavities which contain a great number of cuneiform seeds John & Wm. Bartram This very beautiful Shrub I discovered growing in Florida …………… about 5 years ago & brought the ripe seed to Philadelphia, from these seed grew 5 plants, two of which were taken Monadelphia Polyandria. to France by Monsr. Gerard Emasedor to these States & No. 2 were to be planted in the Royal garden at Versailes. Two This Shrub grows above 20 feet in hight. plants are here now finely in Flower in the open ground, & perfectly resist our hardest Winters Caudex The trunk or stem rises erect from the ground 5 or 6 feet, then divides alternately into asscendent branches The seed are above a year ripening. When I collected lightly diverging from the principle Stem & subdividing the ripe seed in Florida the Tree which yielded the seed in the same order. was then fully in Flower And The Trees in Jno. Bartram’s Garden near Philadelphia now in its gayity of flowering is Folia The leaves are oblong and serrated, terminating at full of seed nearly ripe. the apex by an acute point, but gradually tapering to the base & sessile: They are placed in an alternate order & John & Wm. Bartram stand nearly horazontal with the stem & a little reflexed (Permission granted by Uppsala University Library) Flores The flowers are large & spread open, of a most perfect whiteness, ornamented in the center, with a crown Joel notes that the “Dr. Killman” was Dr. Gustaf Fredric Kjellman (1755-1792), a Swedish physician and botanist who traveled to Phila- or Tassell of refulgent Stamina. The inferior petal or delphia ca. 1780. Kjellman seems to have traveled during his North segment of the Corolla is concave & exactly of the form American visit and gave public lectures on botany (he was apparently of a Helmet & intirely incloses the other Petals until the a student of Linnaeus). He returned to Sweden in late summer or moment of expansion. the Flowers terminate the branches fall 1783, carrying the Bartram letter to Carl Linnaeus, Jr. Linnaeus the younger died November 1, 1783, however, and probably never re- and are place sessile in the bosoms of the leaves. ceived the letter from William Bartram.

5 “Map maker, map maker, make me a map...” By Ina Warren, Editor of the North Carolina Bartram Trail Society Newsletter

Trail Work College Spotlight s we complete our thirtieth year, the North Carolina Bar- he NC Bartram Trail Society continues to develop a good tram Trail Society continues to further its outreach in the working relationship with the mature students of Warren beautifulA mountains of the Nantahala National Forest. BTS WilsonT College (Asheville, NC) in Service Learning events. President Tim Warren and his trusty crew of trail maintainers Twenty-one students and faculty adviser Lyn O’Hare built trail (primarily Keith Day, Charles Edwards, Bruce Johnson, Dave tread on a 1.25-mile stretch of the BT’s western extension dur- Reid, Tom Rodgers, John Stowers and Walter Wingfield) work ing the spring workhike on April 12. Since many of the students each second Saturday of the month and schedule a half dozen had extensive experience with farm tools, they greatly extended workhikes with local college students to keep the 80+ mile trail the scope of the day’s work. On August 15, Ms. O’Hare brought clear for the hiking public’s enjoyment. eighteen students who safely (and cheerfully!) hauled a full Our major effort for 2008 has been with the BTS Map Team, truckload of lumber and sixty 40-pound bags of Sakrete to the led by retired engineer Tom Rodgers, in acquiring both GPS site where a 24-foot US Forest Service-engineered bridge is to be coordinates and on-the-ground wheel trail data since Febru- constructed to span Ledbetter Creek on Section 7. (This bridge ary, in preparation for converting the series of seven trail maps project is a result of the award of a North Carolina Adopt-A- into a single, large-format map. Valued technical assistance and Trail grant in 2008. The grant also funded two additional board- equipment have come from BTS Board member Dr. Gary Wein, walks to mitigate stream damage, and purchased brush cutters Executive Director of the Highlands Cashiers Land Trust. In and other trail tools.) addition to topographic contour lines and extensive trail narra- The students and BTS members also repaired a section of trail tives, we plan to develop interpretive natural history panels of destroyed by a large uprooted tree, cleared part of the Section 6 the BT’s flora and fauna as well as a historical glimpse of the “jungle,” and opened the entrance at Winding Stairs Trailhead. travels of William Bartram for the map. Board members Walter BTS members report that they are encouraged about the fu- Wingfield and Ina Warren are busy writing funding grants for ture of our youth after investing time with these WWC students the creation of the digital data discs and map printing. and seeing many of them enjoy their first event so much that ❖ Financial contributions to the BTS from supporters to help they later returned for subsequent workhikes. ❖ move this mapping effort forward will be greatly appreciated!

6 discussion of Bartram and Bartram sites like to assist in raising awareness of the by state. Through our newsletter, we BTC in your state, please contact me at President’s provide information on Bartram topics, [email protected]. Finally, we would events, and sites as well as some excep- like to establish a regular opportunity for tional short pieces of scholarship. Thanks people to serve on our Board and as of- to our editor Jim Kautz for his continued ficers. If you have any interest in serving, I Comments ❖ Kathryn Braund dedication to this vital work. For events would love to hear from you. between our two annual newsletters, I he BTC Board of Directors met in encourage you to sign up for our Yahoo late July on the beautiful campus e-group (see details elsewhere). ofT Emory University. As we gathered, it One of the most important things the Keep In Touch occurred to me how much can really be BTC does is support new research by accomplished by a small group of dedi- annual Fothergill Awards. As you prob- Via The BTC E- cated people. As the current board mem- ably know, Dr. John Fothergill was Wil- bers chatted prior to the meeting, Mar- liam Bartram’s patron and paid Bartram’s Mail List garet Mead’s famous quotation came to expenses during his southern travels. In mind: “Never doubt that a small group the same way that Dr. Fothergill made he BTC maintains a Yahoo! e-group. of thoughtful, committed citizens can Travels possible, our awards assist young This list-serve allows members to change the world. Indeed, it is the only scholars from any field working on a topic postT e-mail messages to everyone on the thing that ever has.” We are a small group that relates to the William Bartram heri- list. We encourage all BTC members to and we owe thanks to a small group of tage. Recipients have included graduate sign up. You will hear from other mem- people from eight states who came to- students in journalism, history, literature bers about Bartram events, lectures, and gether in the mid-1970s. Their commit- and archaeology. We now have two such special programs and you can also post ment and hard work built our organi- awards annually and are working to in- Bartram questions and an expert is sure zation and established a lasting legacy crease the stipends to better assist with to answer. It is a fun way to keep in touch through the concept of “Bartram heritage” travel and other research expenses. These with fellow Bartram members. You can sites all across the South. They identified things—our Web site, newsletter and Fo- also post photos to share images of your Bartram’s route, worked to mark sites and thergill awards—take money—as do our latest Bartram adventure. The service is build trails and gardens. And just as surely biennial conferences. To continue fund- FREE. as the Bartrams planted seeds at Kingsess- ing and to expand our educational and To join the e-group, go to http:// ing, the “seeds” planted by the early BTC support activities, the Board unanimously groups.yahoo.com/group/bartramtrail. members have grown and inspired people adopted a new dues schedule and also If you have already signed up and have a all across the region to take up the cause. authorized a new membership brochure Yahoo! ID, then click the blue “Join this Witness the fabulous natural reserve that which we hope to have completed by the Group” box. If you don’t have a Yahoo! ID, is Alabama’s Five Rivers Delta Resource end of the year. Our goal is to keep the look below the blue “Join this Group” box Center and its associated Bartram Ca- BTC on sound financial footing by allow- and click the “Sign Up” link. You’ll create noe Trail. The BTC did not accomplish ing people to contribute to the organiza- a Yahoo! ID and password and then you that, but the idea of the canoe trail can tion through a tiered dues system. And by can join. If you have trouble, e-mail Kath- be traced to that early dream. Those who increasing membership, we not only raise ryn Braund at [email protected] and responded to that first commitment were money, but add to our political clout on she’ll send you an electronic invitation individuals as well as members of a variety occasions when the BTC needs to stand to join the group that includes working ❖ of dedicated organizations as well as local, united and accomplish new goals, includ- links. state and federal agencies. Today, we carry ing marking additional Bartram sites, on the legacy of the earliest BTC work. encouraging improvements and better In recent years, the BTC has focused interpretation at others, and, when nec- The Traveller is the newsletter on support of Bartram scholarship and essary, pitching it to help “rescue” others. of the Bartram Trail worked tirelessly to inform the general Currently, we do not have the resources to Conference. public about the Bartram heritage and assist sites in any way. We hope that in the encourage the continued protection and future, with a larger membership base and Officers: enjoyment of Bartram locations. The a strong financial footing, we can do more President: Kathryn H. Braund BTC reaches members and a wide pub- good things. Vice President: Tom Hallock lic through our Web site (http://www. Our Board also established an organi- Secretary: Chuck Spornick bartramtrail.org). If you haven’t visited zational calendar and made plans to re- Treasurer: Anne Hurst Weeks our site lately, please do. Our Web master cruit membership coordinators for each Web Master & Newsletter Publisher: Brad Sanders, supported by a Fothergill Bartram state to identify prospective Brad Sanders Award, has revamped the site. Included members. Newsletter Editor: Jim Kautz there you will find the BTC’s Bartram The Board would welcome your par- Editorial Assistant: Zelda White Heritage Report, which includes detailed ticipation in this endeavor. If you would

7 Exhibit Highlights the Linnaeus– Bartram Connection By Karen Reeds Bartram was so anxious to own the 1802 In return, Bartram had the benefit of see- English translation of Linnaeus’s ento- ing Kalm demonstrate the practical value ohn Bartram on his farm in colonial mological treatise that he wrote out the of Linnaeus’s system of classification. Pennsylvania and Carolus Linnaeus in whole text by hand, re-drew the frontis- For the current show in Trenton, John Jthe old university town of Uppsala, Swe- piece of insect anatomy, and inscribed the Bartram’s words give an extra dimension den. The unusual transatlantic relation- manuscript: “This was copied out by Will to the dramatic taxidermy specimens ship between these two great eighteenth- Bartram.” from the New Jersey State Museum’s col- century naturalists is a major feature of Linnaeus never left Europe, and John lections. No one who sees the monster the exhibition, “Come into a New World: Bartram never left America. However, snapping turtle––Linnaeus’s Chelydra Linnaeus & America,” on view at the New they were linked by more than letters, serpentina—will forget Bartram’s first- Jersey State Museum in Trenton through books, and specimens. Linnaeus’s stu- hand account: “Thay will catch hold of A December 2008. dent, , arrived in Philadelphia stick offered to them or if you had rather your At first glance, it seems astonishing on September 15, 1748, to be his master’s finger which thay will hold so fast as you may that these two men should have heard eyes, ears, and hands in North America. lift ye turtle by it as high as your head if you of each other, let alone that they cor- From Kalm’s detailed expense records have strength or courage enough . . . their responded and influenced one another’s (preserved in the Swedish Royal Acade- eggs are round as A bullet & choice eating.” work. Bartram first learned about Lin- my of Sciences), we know that on his very (Bartram to Collinson, Philadelphia, No- naeus from his London patron and first day in America, he tipped the crew, vember 3, 1754) friend, Peter Collinson, who had made bought three pennies worth of apples, and The show was mounted in 2007 by Linnaeus’s acquaintance in 1736. Col- took the ferry across the “Skullkill” River Philadelphia’s American Swedish His- linson sent Linnaeus’s early works to to Bartram’s garden. torical Museum as part of the worldwide Bartram’s Philadelphia mentor, the prodi- Disappointingly, Bartram was not at Linnaeus Tercentenary celebrations. I giously learned . Logan took home that day, but for the rest of Kalm’s invite you to come see for yourself! For the time to give Bartram tutorials in Lin- two and a half years in North America, more information, email karen.reeds@ ❖ naeus’s Latin and system of classification. Bartram was Kalm’s single best source. verizon.net. Logan’s copy of Bibliotheca Botanica (now Again and again in Travels into North in the Library Company of Philadelphia) America, Kalm quoted the Pennsylvanian Karen Reeds, Guest Curator, “Come into a New World: Linnaeus & America,” is a mem- reveals his respect for Bartram’s abilities. on every aspect of American natural his- ber of the Princeton Research Forum, a Vis- In the margin, next to Linnaeus’s praise tory. Without Bartram’s friendly expertise, iting Scholar, History of Science, University of the early English naturalists who had it is unlikely that Kalm’s American expe- of Pennsylvania, and a Fellow of the Linnean explored America, Logan added: “Among dition would have been nearly so fruitful. Society of London. them, the Pennsylvanian John Bartram is outstanding.” Soon Bartram was supplying Linnaeus and Collinson with New World plants, animals, and fossils (see the Linnean Col- “My Exploration of lections Online http://www.linnean-on- line.org/). Bartram’s Garden treasures the the Bartram Trail” copy of Genera Plantarum­ that was sent Members Are Invited to Submit Stories to Bartram at Linnaeus’s request by way • of thanks. The two inscriptions on its fly- any of our readers regularly search Who was on the journey? • leaf record two generations of Linnaeans out and explore sites that Bartram What did you see? • in the Bartram family: “John Bartram His described.M They find mats of glorious What did you learn? Book given him by Dr. Gronovius chief flowers; they also find housing develop- A team of Bartram Trail Conference Professor at Leiden 1743” and “W. Bar- ments and even cities. members will select articles for printing tram His Book June the 10 1755.” In future editions of The Traveller we in The Traveller. A greater sign of Linnaeus’s regard want to feature articles, written by mem- Send your articles to The Traveller edi- followed in 1769: he nominated John bers of the Bartram Trail Conference, on tor Jim Kautz by email at jrkautz@earth- Bartram for membership in the Swedish their “discoveries” along the trail. We in- link.net Royal Academy of Sciences. vite you to send us an article, about 700 or, to 204 Weatherstone Pkwy. Mari- Exhibition research turned up another words long, on a site that you visited. etta, Georgia. Deadline for submissions to • ❖ Bartram-Linnaeus connection. William How did you find it? the Fall edition is July 31.

8 John Ray, continued from page 2 ties. And the nearby St. Johns River brings without total destruction is a miracle.” Chunky Gal and Fires Creek Rim Trail. Bartram and his courageous journey to Bartram Trail Conference members His website www.geocities.com/j3hnr3y her mind. “When I cross it at any stage, I have enjoyed meeting “Daisy” Thompson displays these works and gives guidance throw this brave, brilliant man a kiss. Hav- at four meetings. She has attended con- on how to volunteer to work on the trail. ing been in those stormy waters in a “real” ferences from Scaly Mountain in North Trails are only part of John Ray’s in- boat, I envision him in that small sailboat. Carolina to the marshes of the Mobile ❖ terest in Bartram. “Bartram’s book docu- How he got his art, plants, and seeds back Bay. menting his travels through the south is so valuable and interesting. He took a scientist’s care to document many aspects of the landscape he moved through in the mid 1770’s that in some cases it is our best and most accurate discussion of the Bartram Trail Conference land, animals, plants and people of this Membership Form period.” Name: ______John has attended several meetings of Phone: ( ) ______the Bartram Trail Conference. “Especially Address: ______memorable,” he says, “was the meeting in Augusta, GA in which the late Professor ______Edward Cashin gave us several wonderful ______windows into the time period when Bar- E-Mail address: ______tram was in the area.”

Annual Member Dues. Please check one of the choices: Shirley “Daisy” Thompson Please check one. _____ I am a new member. Individual $25 _____ I am renewing my membership. lowers surround Shirley Thompson. Family $30 And, flowers connect her to the Bar- trams.F Student $10 Date: ______She and her husband Pierre have turned Contributor $50 their two-acre home place on Anastasia Sustainer $100 Island, off the coast of St. Augustine, Flor- Sponsor $250 ida, into a garden. Surrounded by coastal Patron $500 native trees, “Daisy” plants and tends na- tive flowers and shrubs—hibiscus, sun- Your dues support our newsletter, web site, Fothergill Fellowship Awards flowers, and many more. A twenty-foot and other BTC projects. tall Franklinia presides over her kingdom. Recently she has added orchids to her col- lection. Primary Areas of Interest in the Bartram Trail Shirley is a lifelong resident of St. Au- gustine. Educated at the University of (try to be specific about geographic locations and activities, i.e., specific Bartram sites, Florida and Flagler College in St. Augus- and whether or not you like to hike, read, garden, etc. Use back if necessary) tine, she has worked as executive secre- ______tary in a bank. But she defines herself as a gardener. She is a Master Gardener and ______a Master Flower Show Judge. In addition, ______she is a Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings trustee and serves on six other boards. ______Garden club activities brought Bartram ______to Shirley’s attention. Van Blanchard and Kathy Sample, Florida wildflower club ______leaders, inspired her to learn more of the colonial flower hunter. She joined Van and Please send payment to: Carolyn Whitmer on their Bartram Foot- Anne Hurst Weeks prints Tour in 1990, traveling to Bartram’s 138 N. Chaparral Ct. Garden in Philadelphia. Hull, GA 30646 Shirley admires Bartram’s artistic abili-

9 The Traveller c/o Anne Hurst Weeks 138 N Chaparral Dr. Hull, GA 30646