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WO 2013/109323 A2 25 July 2013 (25.07.2013) W P O P C T

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WO 2013/109323 A2 25 July 2013 (25.07.2013) W P O P C T (12) INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION PUBLISHED UNDER THE PATENT COOPERATION TREATY (PCT) (19) World Intellectual Property Organization International Bureau (10) International Publication Number (43) International Publication Date WO 2013/109323 A2 25 July 2013 (25.07.2013) W P O P C T (51) International Patent Classification: (81) Designated States (unless otherwise indicated, for every C07C 219/06 (2006.01) A61P 17/00 (2006.01) kind of national protection available): AE, AG, AL, AM, A61K 31/195 (2006.01) AO, AT, AU, AZ, BA, BB, BG, BH, BN, BR, BW, BY, BZ, CA, CH, CL, CN, CO, CR, CU, CZ, DE, DK, DM, (21) International Application Number: DO, DZ, EC, EE, EG, ES, FI, GB, GD, GE, GH, GM, GT, PCT/US20 12/060985 HN, HR, HU, ID, IL, IN, IS, JP, KE, KG, KM, KN, KP, (22) International Filing Date: KR, KZ, LA, LC, LK, LR, LS, LT, LU, LY, MA, MD, 19 October 2012 (19.10.2012) ME, MG, MK, MN, MW, MX, MY, MZ, NA, NG, NI, NO, NZ, OM, PA, PE, PG, PH, PL, PT, QA, RO, RS, RU, (25) Filing Language: English RW, SC, SD, SE, SG, SK, SL, SM, ST, SV, SY, TH, TJ, (26) Publication Language: English TM, TN, TR, TT, TZ, UA, UG, US, UZ, VC, VN, ZA, ZM, ZW. (30) Priority Data: 61/549,80 1 2 1 October 20 11 (2 1.10.20 11) US (84) Designated States (unless otherwise indicated, for every kind of regional protection available): ARIPO (BW, GH, (71) Applicant (for all designated States except US): THE GM, KE, LR, LS, MW, MZ, NA, RW, SD, SL, SZ, TZ, UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA AT CHAPEL UG, ZM, ZW), Eurasian (AM, AZ, BY, KG, KZ, RU, TJ, HILL [US/US]; 308 Bynum Hall, Campus 4105, Chapel TM), European (AL, AT, BE, BG, CH, CY, CZ, DE, DK, Hill, North Carolina 27599-4105 (US). EE, ES, FI, FR, GB, GR, HR, HU, IE, IS, IT, LT, LU, LV, MC, MK, MT, NL, NO, PL, PT, RO, RS, SE, SI, SK, SM, (72) Inventors; and TR), OAPI (BF, BJ, CF, CG, CI, CM, GA, GN, GQ, GW, (71) Applicants (for US only): JAY, Michael [US/US]; 72105 ML, MR, NE, SN, TD, TG). Moseley, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 2751 7 (US). MUMPER, Russell [US/US]; 209 Turtleback Crossing Published: Drive, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 275 16 (US). ZHANG, — without international search report and to be republished Yong [CN/US]; 3307 Lassiter Street, Durham, North Car o upon receipt of that report (Rule 48.2(g)) lina 27707 (US). (74) Agent: MYERS BIGEL SIBLEY & SAJOVEC, P.A.; P.O. Box 37428, Raleigh, North Carolina 27627 (US). (54) Title: TOPICAL DTPA PRODRUG FORMULATIONS AND METHODS OF USING THE SAME Figure 1 . , J 4.00 Time(li) - (57) Abstract: The present invention relates to topical trisodium diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA) prodrug formulations and methods of using the same. TOPICAL DTPA PRODRUG FORMULATIONS AND METHODS OF USING THE SAME Related Application Data This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Serial No. 61/549,801, filed October 21, 201 1, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to topical trisodium diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA) prodrug formulations and methods of using topical DTPA formulations. Background of the Invention The United States and many other countries face increasing threats from terrorist groups with respect to the use of weapons of mass destruction against civilian populations. Of particular concern is that some of these groups are intensifying their efforts to acquire and develop nuclear and radiological weapons, and there are a limited number of therapies that can be offered to victims of nuclear terrorism. Currently, the only agents that have been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as chelating agents for americium, curium and plutonium are the calcium and zinc salts of trisodium diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA). Transuranic radionuclides {i.e., those with an atomic number greater than 92), such as americium, curium and plutonium, can potentially be incorporated in radiation dispersal devices (RDDs; "dirty bombs"). The primary goal in treating those exposed to transuranic radionuclides is to chelate the transuranic radionuclides before they become fixed in tissues, such as the liver and bone, and enhance their elimination from contaminated individuals. The present invention addresses previous shortcomings in the art by providing topical DTPA prodrug formulations and methods of using the same. Summary of the Invention A first aspect of the invention is a non-aqueous topical formulation comprising: a compound of Formula (I): wherein: R is -OR1 or -NHR1; 1 R is each independently selected from the group consisting of H, Ci-C30 alkyl, C2-C3o alkenyl, C2-C3o alkynyl, benzyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, arylalkenyl, arylalkynyl, heterocyclic, and amino acid derivative and wherein when R is -OR 1 at least one R1 is not hydrogen. A further aspect of the invention is a topical formulation comprising: a hydrophobic polymer; a fatty acid ester; and a compound of Formula (I): wherein: R is -OR1 or -NHR1; R is each independently selected from the group consisting of H, Ci-C 30 alkyl, C2-C30 alkenyl, C2-C30 alkynyl, benzyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, arylalkenyl, arylalkynyl, heterocyclic, and amino acid derivative and wherein when R is -OR at least one R is not hydrogen. Another aspect of the invention is a method of treating a subject to remove a radioactive element from the subject comprising: administering a therapeutically effective amount of a topical formulation to a subject, wherein the topical formulation comprises a compound of Formula (I): (I) wherein: R is -OR 1 or -NHR 1; R is each independently selected from the group consisting of H, Ci-C30 alkyl, C -C3o alkenyl, C2-C30 alkynyl, benzyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, arylalkenyl, arylalkynyl, heterocyclic, and amino acid derivative and wherein when R is -OR 1 at least one R is not hydrogen, and wherein the topical formulation is non-aqueous. Brief Description of the Figures Figure 1 shows the in vitro percutaneous permeation profile of a C2E5 nonaqueous gel formulation spiked with [ 4 C]-C2E5 through Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat skin. The cumulative amounts of C2E5 and its metabolites were calculated based on Equation 4 from [ 4 C] radioactivity detected in the receiver compartment. Each point represents the mean ± SD (n=3). Figure 2 shows the cumulative amount of DTPA in the receiver compartment from a C2E5 nonaqueous gel formulation spiked with [ C]-C2E5 through SD rat skin. The cumulative amounts of DTPA were calculated based on Equation 5 from [ C] radioactivity detected by HPLC-FSA. Each point represents the mean ± SD (n=3). Figure 3 shows (A) the total elimination of 2 Am, (B) daily excretion of 2 Am in urine, and (C) daily excretion of 4 Am in feces after a single dose treatment of either: Control (no treatment) (♦), i.v. Ca-DTPA at 14 mg/kg (■), or transdermal C2E5 gel at 1000 mg/kg(A). Detailed Description The present invention will now be described more fully hereinafter. This invention may be embodied in different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. The terminology used in the description herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used in the description and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the present application and relevant art and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein. The terminology used in the description herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. All patents, patent applications and publications referred to herein are incorporated by reference in their entirety. In case of a conflict in terminology, the present specification is controlling. Also as used herein, "and/or" refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items, as well as the lack of combinations when interpreted in the alternative ("or"). Unless the context indicates otherwise, it is specifically intended that the various features of the embodiments of the invention described herein may be used in any combination. For example, features described in relation to one embodiment may also be applicable to and combinable with other embodiments and aspects of the invention. Moreover, the embodiments of the present invention also contemplate that in some embodiments, any feature or combination of features set forth herein may be excluded or omitted. To illustrate, if the specification states that a complex comprises components A, B and C, in some embodiments, any of A, B or C, or a combination thereof, may be omitted and disclaimed. As used herein, the transitional phrase "consisting essentially of (and grammatical variants) is to be interpreted as encompassing the recited materials or steps "and those that do not materially affect the basic and novel characteristic(s)" of the claimed invention.
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