Biota Neotropica 17(3): e20160310, 2017 www.scielo.br/bn ISSN 1676-0611 (online edition) Inventory Odonates from Bodoquena Plateau: checklist and information about endangered species Ricardo Koroiva1*, Marciel Elio Rodrigues2, Francisco Valente-Neto1 & Fábio de Oliveira Roque1 1Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul, Instituto de Biociências, Cidade Universitária, 79070-900, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil 2 Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Rod. Jorge Amado, km 16, 45662-900, Ilhéus, BA, Brazil *Corresponding author: Ricardo Koroiva, e-mail: [email protected] KOROIVA, R., RODRIGUES, M.E., VALENTE-NETO, F., ROQUE, F.O. Odonates from Bodoquena Plateau: checklist and information about endangered species. Biota Neotropica. 17(3): e20160310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1676- 0611-BN-2016-0310 Abstract: Here we provide an updated checklist of the odonates from Bodoquena Plateau, Mato Grosso do Sul state, Brazil. We registered 111 species from the region. The families with the highest number of species were Libellulidae (50 species), Coenagrionidae (43 species) and Gomphidae (12 species). 35 species are registered in the IUCN Red List species, four being Data Deficient, 29 of Least Concern and two species being in the threatened category. Phyllogomphoides suspectus Belle, 1994 (Odonata: Gomphidae) was registered for the first time in the state. Keywords: Dragonfly, Damselfly, inventory, Cerrado, Brazil Libélulas da Serra da Bodoquena: lista de espécies e informações sobre espécies ameaçadas Resumo: Nós apresentamos um inventário atualizado das espécies de libélulas ocorrentes na Serra da Bodoquena, Estado de Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil. Nós registramos 111 espécies para a região. As famílias com o maior número de espécies foram Libellulidae (50 espécies), Coenagrionidae (43 espécies) e Gomphidae (12 espécies). 35 espécies são registradas na Lista Vermelha de espécies da IUCN e duas estão em categorias de ameaçadas. Phyllogomphoides suspectus Belle, 1994 (Odonata: Gomphidae) foi registrado pela primeira vez no estado. Palavras-chave: Libélulas, donzelinhas, Inventário, Cerrado, Brasil Introduction Bodoquena Plateau is a threatened area in the Mato Grosso do Sul state because of the broad conversion of natural areas to pastures and croplands Insects are arthropod group with largely unknown distribution patterns (Roque et al. 2016). In the last five years, several research projects about (Diniz-Filho et al. 2010), due to their high species richness, difficulties biodiversity and the ecology of aquatic insects have been developed in related to sampling and lack of taxonomic experts. Applying all of Bodoquena Plateau, (e.g. LTER Planalto da Bodoquena, Dragonflies of these conditions, odonates (Insecta: Odonata) constitutes an important Serra da Bodoquena Project and Observagua Project). These projects have group that play a major role as predators, with several insects making promoted a great opportunity for extending sampling effort of aquatic up a large portion of their diets. This group is also a good indicators of insects, especially for odonates (e.g. Koroiva et al. 2016, Rodrigues et al. water quality, with their nymphs being an important link in food chains 2016a, Rodrigues et al. 2016b, Valente-Neto et al. 2016). Until 2011, for fish and other aquatic vertebrates and serve as an inspired subject about 68 Odonata species were registered to Bodoquena Plateau; a number for artists, naturalists and collectors (Abbott 2015). that was considered underestimated because of the broad unsampled Even with important taxonomists in the recent Brazilian history, area (Dalzochio et al. 2011b). Therefore, even with the publications of odonates are still poorly described and its distribution is deficiently known checklists (Dalzochio et al. 2011a, Dalzochio et al. 2011b, Rodrigues & in the Neotropical region (Kalkman et al. 2008). Local inventories are Roque 2017), the amount of information generated by these new sampling recorded to several parts of Brazil like São Paulo (Costa et al. 2000), efforts and visits to museums demand an update. Espirito Santo (Costa & Oldrini 2005), Rio de Janeiro (Anjos-Santos & Here, we provide an updated checklist of the odonates from Bodoquena Costa 2006), Goiás and Distrito Federal (Nóbrega & De Marco 2011), Plateau, including species records from recent sampling efforts, from Minas Gerais (Souza et al. 2013), and Rio Grande do Sul (Renner et al. the literature, and from specimens deposited in the Reference Collection 2016). In Mato Grosso do Sul, state originally covered by Cerrado, of the Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (CEUFMS). We also Pantanal, Atlantic Forest and Chaco vegetation, 198 odonatan species were provide information about endangered species from the IUCN Red List registered (Rodrigues & Roque 2017). Despite this number, information (IUCN 2016), which is fundamental for updating the status of Brazilian gaps are recognized from many areas in this state (Vianna & De Marco species, as recently emphasized in the 1st Meeting of the Latin American 2012, Rodrigues & Roque 2017). Odonatological Society - SOL. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1676-0611-BN-2016-0310 http://www.scielo.br/bn 2 Biota Neotrop., 17(3): e20160310, 2017 Koroiva, R. et al. Material and Methods The dataset used in this checklist included 85 lotic environments (Figure 1) sampled during the period between 2011 and 2016. These samples were 1. Sources of data concentrated on adults from Odonata and were performed during Ph.D studies (Valente-Neto 2015, Rodrigues 2016), Long term ecological research We used different sources of information to produce the checklist, in the Bodoquena Plateau (LTER-Serra da Bodoquena), Dragonflies of Serra including samplings (from 2011 to 2016), previous available records on da Bodoquena Project and Observagua Project. The sampling method used literature and information collected in zoological reference collections of handhold insect nets, in sunny days, during the peak time of Odonata activities the Mato Grosso do Sul state. For each source, we searched for names (between 09:00 h to 16:00 h). The collection authorization process was and geographic coordinates of the locations. For records that did not have issued by IBAMA, through SISBio system under the number 41313-3 and latitude and longitude values, geographic coordinates of the centroid of 54386-1. All specimens collected were deposited in the Reference Collection the place where the site is located. of the Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (CEUFMS), afterwards determined in laboratory according to Garrison et al. (2006, 2010), Heckman 2. Sampling in study region (2006, 2008) and Lencioni (2005, 2006). For the systematics classification, we followed Dijkstra et al. (2014) and for scientific names and followed All the sampling sites were located within Bodoquena Plateau region the synonymic list of Garrisson & von Ellenrieder (2016). In the laboratory, (21º08’02” to 20º38’26”S and 56º48’31” to 56º44’28”W). The Bodoquena dragonflies were analyzed under Zeiss Discovery V20 stereoscope and Plateau is located in the mid-southern portion of Mato Grosso do Sul recorded with an AxioCam Icc 5 Microscope Camera. For capturing and State, including the cities of Bodoquena, Bonito and Jardim. The region editing images, we used the software Zen 2-2011. is characterized by a mountain chain, with altitudes varying between 450 and 800 m. The climate is temperate humid with hot summers and 3. Data analysis two well-defined seasons. The average annual temperature varies between We estimated the sampling accuracy of sampling sites with incidence-based 20 and 22ºC and annual rainfall varies between 1300 and 1700 mm. non-parametric estimators: Chao 2, Jacknife 1 and Jacknife 2. Non-parametric The hydrography of the region is characterized by limestone, rivers with methods have better performance compared to others estimators for aquatic high alkalinity and low turbidity. Its tributaries are part of the Paraguay insects (Melo & Froelich 2001). These analyses were performed with River watershed (PCBAP 1997). EstimateS version 9.1.0 software (Colwell 2013). We set 1000 repetitions Bodoquena Plateau has both areas of the Cerrado (Brazilian savanna) to calculated mean values with confidence intervals of 95%. and Atlantic Forest biomes. This region is an important ecological corridor 4. Literature and reference collections information for biodiversity and one of the most important areas of Ecotourism in Brazil (Klein et al. 2011). Considered a priority area for conservation by Aiming to improve our list of species, we used online available databases the Brazilian Ministry of Environment (MMA) (Brasil 2016), the region to find registers of Odonata species from Bodoquena Plateau, specifically is currently threatened by inadequate exploitation of its resources and the Web of Knowledge (which includes the main journals of world), Scielo progressive agricultural expansion. (which include the main journals of South America) and Google Scholar. Figure 1. Sampling locations in the Bodoquena Plateau region. On the north is the municipality of Bodoquena; on the middle is the municipality of Bonito and on the south is the municipality of Jardim. http://www.scielo.br/bn http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1676-0611-BN-2016-0310 Biota Neotrop., 17(3): e20160310, 2017 3 Odonates from Bodoquena Plateau We did the search on general keywords like “Odonata”, “dragonfly” or In addition, we analyzed the deposited specimens from two important “libélula”