Vmware Server User's Guide
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VMware Server User’s Guide VMware Server 2.0 VMware Server User’s Guide VMware Server User’s Guide Item: EN-000057-00 You can find the most up-to-date technical documentation on the VMware Web site at: http://www.vmware.com/support/ The VMware Web site also provides the latest product updates. If you have comments about this documentation, submit your feedback to: [email protected] © 2008 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved. Protected by one or more U.S. Patent Nos. 6,397,242, 6,496,847, 6,704,925, 6,711,672, 6,725,289, 6,735,601, 6,785,886, 6,789,156, 6,795,966, 6,880,022, 6,944,699, 6,961,806, 6,961,941, 7,069,413, 7,082,598, 7,089,377, 7,111,086, 7,111,145, 7,117,481, 7,149,843, 7,155,558, 7,222,221, 7,260,815, 7,260,820, 7,269,683, 7,275,136, 7,277,998, 7,277,999, 7,278,030, 7,281,102, 7,290,253, 7,356,679, 7,409,487, 7,412,492, 7,412,702, and 7,424,710; patents pending. VMware, the VMware “boxes” logo and design, Virtual SMP, and VMotion are registered trademarks or trademarks of VMware, Inc. in the United States and/or other jurisdictions. All other marks and names mentioned herein may be trademarks of their respective companies. VMware, Inc. 3401 Hillview Ave. Palo Alto, CA 94304 www.vmware.com 2 VMware, Inc. Contents About This Book 13 Revision History 13 Intended Audience 13 Document Feedback 14 Technical Support and Education Resources 14 Online and Telephone Support 14 Support Offerings 14 VMware Professional Services 14 Reporting Problems 15 Log Files 16 1 Introduction and System Requirements 19 VMware Server Product Benefits 19 New Features of VMware Server 2.0 20 Web‐Based Interface 20 VMware Remote Console 21 Increased Memory Support 21 Increase in Number of Network Adapters Supported 21 Quiesced Backups of Virtual Machines on Windows 21 Support for High‐Speed USB 2.0 Devices 21 Additional Host Operating System Support 22 Additional Guest Operating System Support 22 Improved 64‐Bit Guest Support 22 64‐Bit Sound Driver 22 Native 64‐Bit Host Support on Linux 22 Updated VIX API 23 VMCI Sockets Interface 23 About the Host and Guest Computers 23 Host System Requirements 23 PC Hardware 23 Memory 24 Disk Drives 24 Local Area Networking 25 VMware, Inc. 3 VMware Server User’s Guide Windows Host Operating Systems 25 Linux Host Operating System Requirements 26 VI Web Access and VMware Remote Console Client System Requirements 27 Virtual Machine Specifications 28 Processor 28 Chip Set 28 BIOS 28 Memory 29 Graphics 29 IDE Drives 29 SCSI Devices 29 PCI Slots 29 Floppy Drives 30 Serial (COM) Ports 30 Parallel (LPT) Ports 30 USB Ports 30 Keyboard 30 Mouse and Drawing Tablets 30 Ethernet Card 30 Virtual Networking 31 Sound 31 Supported Guest Operating Systems 31 Processor Support for 64‐Bit Guest Operating Systems 33 2 Installing VMware Server 35 Installation Prerequisites 35 Preparing to Install VMware Server 36 Sharing a VMware Server Host with Other VMware Products 36 Installing VMware Server on a Windows Host 37 Installing VMware Server Silently 39 Uninstalling VMware Server on a Windows Host 41 Installing VMware Server on a Linux Host 41 Configuring VMware Server on a Linux Host Using vmware‐config.pl 42 Uninstalling VMware Server on a Linux Host 43 Uninstalling a tar Installation of VMware Server 43 Uninstalling an RPM Installation of VMware Server 44 Upgrading from VMware Server 144 Where to Go Next 45 4 VMware, Inc. Contents 3 Learning VMware Server Basics: Using VI Web Access 47 Overview of VI Web Access 48 Using the VMware Server Host Workspace 49 Using the Virtual Machine Workspace 50 Viewing Virtual Machine Summary Information 51 Installing the VMware Remote Console Add‐On 52 Starting VMware Remote Console from the Console Tab 53 Using VI Web Access Menu Options 54 Application Menu 54 Virtual Machine Menu 55 Administration Menu 56 Viewing VMware Server and Virtual Machine Tasks 56 Viewing VMware Server and Virtual Machine Events 57 Logging Out 57 4 Creating and Upgrading Virtual Machines 59 Before You Create a Virtual Machine 59 Virtual Machine Location 59 Guest Operating System 60 Product Compatibility (Virtual Machine Hardware Version) 61 Amount of Memory 61 Number of Processors 62 Hard Disk Type and Properties 62 Network Connection Type 64 Using the New Virtual Machine Wizard 65 Installing the Guest Operating System 68 Updating the Guest Operating System 71 Upgrading the Virtual Machine Version 72 5 Installing and Using VMware Tools 73 Components of VMware Tools 73 VMware Tools Service 74 VMware Device Drivers 74 VMware User Process 75 VMware Tools Control Panel 75 Manually Installing VMware Tools in a Windows Guest System 76 Configuring the Video Driver on Older Versions of Windows 77 Installing VMware Tools in a Linux Guest System 80 Installing VMware Tools in a Solaris Guest System 84 Installing VMware Tools in a FreeBSD Guest System 86 VMware, Inc. 5 VMware Server User’s Guide Installing VMware Tools in a NetWare Guest System 88 Starting the VMware User Process Manually If You Do Not Use a Session Manager on UNIX 89 Updating VMware Tools 90 Uninstalling VMware Tools 91 Repairing or Changing VMware Tools 91 Using the VMware Tools Control Panel 91 Using the Windows Control Panel to Display the Taskbar Icon 92 Options Tab 93 Devices Tab 94 Scripts Tab 94 Shared Folders Tab 95 Shrink Tab 95 About Tab 95 Configuring VMware Tools in a NetWare Guest 96 Customizing VMware Tools 97 How VMware Tools Scripts Affect Power States 97 Executing Commands After You Power Off or Reset a Virtual Machine 101 Passing a String from the Host to the Guest at Startup 101 Passing Information Between the Guest and Another Program 104 Using the VMware Tools Command‐Line Interface 104 6 Managing VMware Server 107 Adding a Virtual Machine to the Inventory 108 Removing a Virtual Machine from the Inventory 108 Performing Power Operations on Virtual Machines 109 Managing Datastores 110 Adding Datastores 110 Renaming Datastores 111 Removing Datastores 112 Refreshing Datastores 112 Editing Host‐Wide Memory and Snapshot Settings 113 Configuring Host Memory 113 Enabling and Disabling Background Snapshots 115 Configuring Virtual Machine Startup and Shutdown Settings 115 Enabling System‐Wide Startup and Shutdown Settings 116 Specifying the Startup and Shutdown Order for Virtual Machines 117 Customizing the Startup and Shutdown Settings for Individual Virtual Machines 117 Enabling Quiesced Backups of Virtual Machines on Windows 118 6 VMware, Inc. Contents 7 Running Virtual Machines 121 Running VMware Tools 122 Changing the Power State of a Virtual Machine 122 Changing Virtual Machine Snapshot Settings 126 Locking the Snapshot 126 Setting Snapshot Power Off Options 127 Changing Virtual Machine Advanced Settings 127 Deleting a Virtual Machine 130 Using VMware Remote Console 130 Interacting with the Guest Operating System 131 Entering and Leaving Full Screen Mode 131 Connecting and Disconnecting Client Devices 132 Resetting and Powering Off 132 Viewing the Message Log 133 Quitting VMware Remote Console 133 Generating and Sharing Virtual Machine Shortcuts 133 Generating a Web Shortcut 133 Generating a VMware Remote Console Desktop Shortcut 134 Editing Notes in the Virtual Machine Summary Tab 135 Editing the Hardware Configuration of a Virtual Machine 135 Adding Hardware to a Virtual Machine 137 Installing New Software in a Virtual Machine 138 8 Configuring Virtual Machine Hardware 141 Configuring Hard Disks 141 Hard Disk Types and Properties 142 Adding a Hard Disk to a Virtual Machine 144 Editing a Virtual Hard Disk 145 Removing a Hard Disk from a Virtual Machine 146 Virtual Disk Maintenance Tasks 147 Configuring CD/DVD Drives 150 CD/DVD Drive Type and Properties 150 Adding a CD/DVD Drive to a Virtual Machine 151 Editing a Virtual CD/DVD Drive 152 Removing a CD/DVD Drive from a Virtual Machine 153 Configuring Floppy Drives 154 Adding a Floppy Drive to a Virtual Machine 154 Editing a Virtual Floppy Drive 155 Removing a Floppy Drive from a Virtual Machine 156 VMware, Inc. 7 VMware Server User’s Guide Configuring Passthrough (Generic) SCSI Devices 156 Adding a Passthrough (Generic) SCSI Device to a Virtual Machine 157 Editing a Virtual Passthrough (Generic) SCSI Device 158 Removing a Passthrough (Generic) SCSI Device from a Virtual Machine 158 Configuring SCSI Controllers 159 Configuring USB Controllers and Devices 159 Adding a USB Controller to a Virtual Machine 159 Removing a USB Controller from a Virtual Machine 160 Connecting USB Devices 160 Using USB Devices in a Virtual Machine 161 Disconnecting USB Devices from a Virtual Machine 164 Configuring Sound 164 Adding a Sound Adapter to a Virtual Machine 165 Editing a Virtual Sound Adapter 165 Removing a Sound Adapter from a Virtual Machine 166 Configuring Serial Ports 166 Adding a Serial Port to a Virtual Machine 166 Editing a Virtual Serial Port 169 Removing a Serial Port from a Virtual Machine 170 Serial Port General Usage Examples 170 Serial Port Debugging Usage Examples 174 Configuring Parallel Ports 177 Adding a Parallel Port to a Virtual Machine 177 Editing a Virtual Parallel Port 178 Removing a Parallel Port from a Virtual Machine 179 Using Parallel Ports 179 Configuring a Parallel Port on a Windows Host 179 Configuring a Parallel Port on a Linux Host 180 Notes for Using the Iomega Zip Drive 184 Keyboard Mapping on Linux Hosts 184 9 Preserving the State of a Virtual Machine 193 Suspending and Resuming Virtual Machines 193 Configuring Hard Suspend or Soft Suspend 194 Suspending or Resuming a Virtual Machine 195 Using Snapshots 195 What to Use Snapshots For 195 What Is Captured by a Snapshot 196 Activities That Conflict with Snapshots 196 Enabling and Disabling Background Snapshots for All Virtual Machines 197 Snapshots and a Virtual Machine’s Hard Disks 197 8 VMware, Inc.