The Complete Contents of the Central Mediterranean Naturalist, Potamon
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Rediscovery, Biology, Vocalisations and Taxonomy of Fish Owls in Turkey
Rediscovery, biology, vocalisations and taxonomy of fish owls in Turkey Arnoud B van den Berg, Soner Bekir, Peter de Knijff & The Sound Approach n the Western Palearctic (WP) region, Brown Distribution and traditional taxonomy IFish Owl Bubo zeylonensis is one of the rarest Until recently, fish owls were grouped under the and least-known birds. The species’ range is huge, genus Ketupa. However, recent DNA research has from the Mediterranean east to Indochina, but it is shown that for reasons of paraphyly it is better to probably only in India and Sri Lanka that it is include this genus together with Scotopelia and regularly observed. In the 19th and 20th century, Nyctea in Bubo. Former Ketupa species, Brown a total of c 15 documented records became known Fish Owl, Tawny Fish Owl B flavipes and Buffy of the westernmost and palest taxon, semenowi, Fish Owl B ketupu cluster as close relatives of and no definite breeding was described for the Asian Bubo species like Spot-bellied Eagle-Owl WP. These records included just one for Turkey in B nipalensis and Barred Eagle-Owl B sumatranus the 20th century, in 1990. However, while the (König et al 1999, Sangster et al 2003, Knox 2008, species appears to be extinct in other WP coun- Wink et al 2008, Redactie Dutch Birding 2010). tries, several pairs have been found in southern Based on external morphology and geography, Turkey since 2004. New findings in 2009-10 cre- four subspecies of Brown Fish Owl are tradition- ated a rapid increase in our understanding of the ally recognized. -
59. Chromosomal Studies on Interspeci Fic Hybrids of Butterflies (Papilionidae, Lepidoptera)
No. 6] Proc. Japan Acad., 55, Ser. B (1979) 295 59. Chromosomal Studies on Interspeci fic Hybrids of Butterflies (Papilionidae, Lepidoptera). XV Crosses among Papilio machaon gorganus, P. machaon hippocrates, P. machaon britannicus, P. oregonius, P. bairdii, and P. rudkini By Kodo MAEKI*) and Shigeru A. AE**) (Communicated by Saj iro MAKINO, M. J. A., June 12, 1979) Among six species of Papilio machaon group here under con- sideration, the larvae of Papilio bairdii and P. oregonius grow well on Artemisia plant in the districts of the Rocky Mountains, while the larvae of the following 4 species (P. machaon, gorganus, P. machaon hippocrates, P. machaon britannicus, and P, rudkini) subsist on the leaves of Umbelliferae in the Holarctic regions. A cytogenetical study with particular regard to species-relationship in the above-mentioned butterfly species is to be dealt with as a major subject in this paper. During the past several years our interest has been concentrated around this problem, especially on the significance of chromosomal pairing in male meiosis of F1 hybrids from the standpoint of genic homology. In the previous papers, relevant data have been presented on the meiotic behavior of chromosomes in F1 hybrids produced artificially in the following crosses among Papilio polyctor, P. bianor, P. maackii, P. polytes, P. alphenor, P. hipponous, P. Paris, P. helenus, P, protenor, P, macilentus, P, nepheles, P. aegeus, P. f useus, P. mem- non, P, lowi, P. ascalaphus, P. polymnestor, P. rumanzovia, P. ma- chaon hippocrates, P. machaon, gorganus, P. machaon britannicus, P. xuthus, P. benguetana, P, polyxenes and P. zelieaon (Maeki and Ae 1964, 1966, 1970, 1975, 1976a-d, 1977a-c, 1978a-b, 1979a-b). -
Adult Preference Experiments Suggest Labile Oviposition Strategy
Ecological Entomology (2007), 32, 143–152 Inconsistent use of host plants by the Alaskan swallowtail butterfl y: adult preference experiments suggest labile oviposition strategy SHANNON M. MURPHY Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, U.S.A. Abstract . 1. The Alaskan swallowtail butterfly (Papilio machaon aliaska ) uses three unrelated plant species as hosts: Cnidium cnidiifolium (Apiaceae), Artemisia arctica (Asteraceae), and Petasites frigidus (Asteraceae). The research presented here investigated whether there are any consistent patterns in host choice by P. m. aliaska females. 2. The first two experiments were designed to test if P. m. aliaska host preference is constant or if it changes from day to day. If host preference is labile, the experiments were designed to also test whether a female’s diet breadth narrows or expands over time. 3. The third experiment tested the host preferences of female offspring from several wild-caught P. m. aliaska females. If P. m. aliaska individuals are specialised in their host use, then all of the offspring from a single female would likely prefer the same host-plant species. This experiment was also designed to test the Hopkins’ host selection principle; does the food plant on which a female is reared as a larva influence her future choices when she is searching for host plants for her own offspring? 4. The results from all of these experiments indicate that P. m. aliaska females vary greatly in their oviposition behaviour and in their preferences for the three host plants. Most populations appear to consist of generalists with labile oviposition behaviour. -
Crustacea-Arthropoda) Fauna of Sinop and Samsun and Their Ecology
J. Black Sea/Mediterranean Environment Vol. 15: 47- 60 (2009) Freshwater and brackish water Malacostraca (Crustacea-Arthropoda) fauna of Sinop and Samsun and their ecology Sinop ve Samsun illeri tatlısu ve acısu Malacostraca (Crustacea-Arthropoda) faunası ve ekolojileri Mehmet Akbulut1*, M. Ruşen Ustaoğlu2, Ekrem Şanver Çelik1 1 Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Fisheries Faculty, Çanakkale-Turkey 2 Ege University, Fisheries Faculty, Izmir-Turkey Abstract Malacostraca fauna collected from freshwater and brackishwater in Sinop and Samsun were studied from 181 stations between February 1999 and September 2000. 19 species and 4 subspecies belonging to 15 genuses were found in 134 stations. In total, 23 taxon were found: 11 Amphipoda, 6 Decapoda, 4 Isopoda, and 2 Mysidacea. Limnomysis benedeni is the first time in Turkish Mysidacea fauna. In this work at the first time recorded group are Gammarus pulex pulex, Gammarus aequicauda, Gammarus uludagi, Gammarus komareki, Gammarus longipedis, Gammarus balcanicus, Echinogammarus ischnus, Orchestia stephenseni Paramysis kosswigi, Idotea baltica basteri, Idotea hectica, Sphaeroma serratum, Palaemon adspersus, Crangon crangon, Potamon ibericum tauricum and Carcinus aestuarii in the studied area. Potamon ibericum tauricum is the most encountered and widespread species. Key words: Freshwater, brackish water, Malacostraca, Sinop, Samsun, Turkey Introduction The Malacostraca is the largest subgroup of crustaceans and includes the decapods such as crabs, mole crabs, lobsters, true shrimps and the stomatopods or mantis shrimps. There are more than 22,000 taxa in this group representing two third of all crustacean species and contains all the larger forms. *Corresponding author: [email protected] 47 Malacostracans play an important role in aquatic ecosystems and therefore their conservation is important. -
2017, Jones Road, Near Blackhawk, RAIN (Photo: Michael Dawber)
Edited and Compiled by Rick Cavasin and Jessica E. Linton Toronto Entomologists’ Association Occasional Publication # 48-2018 European Skippers mudpuddling, July 6, 2017, Jones Road, near Blackhawk, RAIN (Photo: Michael Dawber) Dusted Skipper, April 20, 2017, Ipperwash Beach, LAMB American Snout, August 6, 2017, (Photo: Bob Yukich) Dunes Beach, PRIN (Photo: David Kaposi) ISBN: 978-0-921631-53-7 Ontario Lepidoptera 2017 Edited and Compiled by Rick Cavasin and Jessica E. Linton April 2018 Published by the Toronto Entomologists’ Association Toronto, Ontario Production by Jessica Linton TORONTO ENTOMOLOGISTS’ ASSOCIATION Board of Directors: (TEA) Antonia Guidotti: R.O.M. Representative Programs Coordinator The TEA is a non-profit educational and scientific Carolyn King: O.N. Representative organization formed to promote interest in insects, to Publicity Coordinator encourage cooperation among amateur and professional Steve LaForest: Field Trips Coordinator entomologists, to educate and inform non-entomologists about insects, entomology and related fields, to aid in the ONTARIO LEPIDOPTERA preservation of insects and their habitats and to issue Published annually by the Toronto Entomologists’ publications in support of these objectives. Association. The TEA is a registered charity (#1069095-21); all Ontario Lepidoptera 2017 donations are tax creditable. Publication date: April 2018 ISBN: 978-0-921631-53-7 Membership Information: Copyright © TEA for Authors All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be Annual dues: reproduced or used without written permission. Individual-$30 Student-free (Association finances permitting – Information on submitting records, notes and articles to beyond that, a charge of $20 will apply) Ontario Lepidoptera can be obtained by contacting: Family-$35 Jessica E. -
Wing Pattern Variation in Diurnal Butterflies Received by Experimental
ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Atalanta Jahr/Year: 1996 Band/Volume: 27 Autor(en)/Author(s): Dabrowski Jerzy S., Dobranski Witold Artikel/Article: Wing pattern variation in diurnal butterflies received by experimental research, with special reference to intrapupae injections (Lepidoptera, Rhopalocera) 657-664 ©Ges. zur Förderung d. Erforschung von Insektenwanderungen e.V. München, download unter www.zobodat.at Atalanta (December 1996) 27 (3/4): 657-664, col, pis. XIII, XIV, Wurzburg, ISSN 0171-0079 Wing pattern variation in diurnal butterflies received by experimental research, with special reference to intrapupae injections (Lepidoptera, Rhopalocera) by J er zy S. Da b r o w s k i & W ito ld D o b r a n s k i received 6.VI.1994 Changes in the wing patterns of lepidoptera which take place in mature are the result of outer (environmental) as well as inner factors. The latter are mainly genetical. They form important material for genetical, taxonomic, morphological, zoogeographical and ecological research. Specimens of butterflies with abnormal wing pattern occur with variable frequency, but they are as a rule rare. Especially extreme wing pattern changes take place very rarely under natural conditions. Experimental research showed that wing pattern changes occurring in some butterfly species take place following the action of external stimuli i.e. temperatures between -20 °C and +42 °C (Standfuss , 1896), ionising radiation or vapours of such sub stances as sulphuric ether or chloroform (Schumann , 1925) are the best known methods. In 1936 Zacwilichowski worked out the technique of intrapupal injections. -
Molecular Data Suggest Multiple Origins and Diversification Times Of
www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Molecular data suggest multiple origins and diversifcation times of freshwater gammarids on the Aegean archipelago Kamil Hupało1,3*, Ioannis Karaouzas2, Tomasz Mamos1,4 & Michał Grabowski1 Our main aim was to investigate the diversity, origin and biogeographical afliations of freshwater gammarids inhabiting the Aegean Islands by analysing their mtDNA and nDNA polymorphism, thereby providing the frst insight into the phylogeography of the Aegean freshwater gammarid fauna. The study material was collected from Samothraki, Lesbos, Skyros, Evia, Andros, Tinos and Serifos islands as well as from mainland Greece. The DNA extracted was used for amplifcation of two mitochondrial (COI and 16S) and two nuclear markers (28S and EF1-alpha). The multimarker time- calibrated phylogeny supports multiple origins and diferent diversifcation times for the studied taxa. Three of the sampled insular populations most probably represent new, distinct species as supported by all the delimitation methods used in our study. Our results show that the evolution of freshwater taxa is associated with the geological history of the Aegean Basin. The biogeographic afliations of the studied insular taxa indicate its continental origin, as well as the importance of the land fragmentation and the historical land connections of the islands. Based on the fndings, we highlight the importance of studying insular freshwater biota to better understand diversifcation mechanisms in fresh waters as well as the origin of studied Aegean freshwater taxa. Te Mediterranean islands are considered natural laboratories of evolution, exhibiting high levels of diversity and endemism, making them a vital part of one of the globally most precious biodiversity hotspots and a model system for studies of biogeography and evolution1–4. -
Distribution and Diversity of Freshwater Crabs (Decapoda: Brachyura: Potamidae, Gecarcinucidae) in Iranian Inland Waters Ardavan Farhadi , Muzaffer Mustafa Harlıoğlu
EISSN 2602-473X AQUATIC SCIENCES AND ENGINEERING Aquat Sci Eng 2018; 33(4): 110-116 • DOI: 10.26650/ASE2018422064 Review Distribution and Diversity of Freshwater Crabs (Decapoda: Brachyura: Potamidae, Gecarcinucidae) in Iranian Inland Waters Ardavan Farhadi , Muzaffer Mustafa Harlıoğlu Cite this article as: Farhadi, A., Harlıoğlu, M.M. (2018). Distribution and Diversity of Freshwater Crabs (Decapoda: Brachyura: Potamidae, Gec- arcinucidae) in Iranian Inland Waters. Aquatic Sciences and Engineering, 33(4): 110-116. ABSTRACT This article reviews the current knowledge of primary freshwater crabs (Decapoda, Brachyura) in Iranian inland waters, with the purpose of classifying the exact number of species, the threat sta- tus, and their distribution and diversity. Previous studies have reported that Iranian inland waters have eight freshwater crab species and there was no accurate information on the distribution of freshwater crab species in Iran. This review article describes that an additional six freshwater crab species, Potamon gedrosianum, P. magnum, P. mesopotamicum, P. ilam, Sodhiana blanfordi, and S. iranica, are also present in Iran. Therefore, there are 14 freshwater crab species currently known in Iran, which belong to two families (Gecarcinucidae and Potamidae). The genus Potamon is rep- resented by 11 species, and the genus Sodhiana is represented by 3 species (found in south and south east of Iran). In addition, this review presents a distribution map and the possible threats for each species. Keywords: Brachyura, decapoda, freshwater crabs, distribution, Iran INTRODUCTION ter swamps, stagnant ponds and rice fields, and even in tree hollows and leaf axils (Yeo et al., Primary freshwater crabs (Yeo et al., 2008, 2012) 2008; Cumberlidge et al., 2009). -
Hybrids Between Papilio Xuthus and the P. Polyxenes-Machaon Group
1960 Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society A STUDY OF HYBRIDS BETWEEN PAPILlO XUTHUS AND THE P. POLYXENES-MACHAON GROUP by SHIGERU ALBERT AE Papilio xuthus Linne (pU: fig.2) is found commonly but only in East Asia. It is distributed in Japan, Korea, Manchuria, Amur, China, North Burma, Formosa, Luzon, Guam, etc. It is very common in most parts of Japan, but becomes rare toward the northern part of Hokkaido. It seems also uncommon in hot regions, as in Formosa. In Japan, it is usually not found in the high mountains, unlike P. hippocrates Felder & Felder (Fig. 1), which is found in the high mountains as well as the lower places. The adult of P. xuthus resembles the adult of the P. machaon group, and P. xuthus is usually placed in the P. polyxenes-machaon group. However, the pupa and larva of P . xuthus do not resemble the pup~ and larv~ of species of that group. They rather resemble the pup~ and larv~ of P. protenor demetrius Cramer, P . memnon thunbergii von Siebold, P. helenus nieconicolens Butler, and P. macilentus Janson in Japan. The pup~ and larv~ of these four Japanese black swallowtails resemble each other closely. The larval and pupal resemblances between P. xu thus and P. helenus Linne were pointed out by REMINGTON (1960). These four black swallowtails are Rutace~ feeders as is P. xuthus. Therefore, the phylogenetic position of P. xuthus in the genus Papilio is in teresting and a study of it may help in analyzing the evolutionary process of species in the genus. Dr. C. -
The Signal Environment Is More Important Than Diet Or Chemical Specialization in the Evolution of Warning Coloration
The signal environment is more important than diet or chemical specialization in the evolution of warning coloration Kathleen L. Prudic†‡, Jeffrey C. Oliver§, and Felix A. H. Sperling¶ †Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology and §Interdisciplinary Program in Insect Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721; and ¶Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 2E9 Edited by May R. Berenbaum, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, IL, and approved October 11, 2007 (received for review June 13, 2007) Aposematic coloration, or warning coloration, is a visual signal that in ref. 13). Prey can become noxious by consuming other organisms acts to minimize contact between predator and unprofitable prey. with defensive compounds (e.g., refs. 15 and 16). By specializing on The conditions favoring the evolution of aposematic coloration re- a particular toxic diet, the consumer becomes noxious and more main largely unidentified. Recent work suggests that diet specializa- likely to evolve aposematic coloration as a defensive strategy tion and resultant toxicity may play a role in facilitating the evolution (reviewed in ref. 13). Diet specialization, in which a consumer feeds and persistence of warning coloration. Using a phylogenetic ap- on a limited set of related organisms, allows the consumer to tailor proach, we investigated the evolution of larval warning coloration in its metabolism to efficiently capitalize on the specific toxins shared the genus Papilio (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae). Our results indicate that by a suite of related hosts. Recent investigations suggest that diet there are at least four independent origins of aposematic larval specialization on toxic organisms promotes the evolution of apose- coloration within Papilio. -
BILATERAL GYNANDROMORPH of the FRESH-WATER CRAB POTAMON FLUVIA TILE HERBST (DECAPODA: BRACHYURA) Fiorenza Micheli
!"#$%&'$#()*+$+,'-.-'/0(-1(%0&(2'&3045$%&'(6'$7(8-%$.-+(1#9:"$%"#&(;&'73%(<=&>$/-,$? !'$>0*9'$@ A9%0-'<3@?(2"-'&+B$(C">0&#" D&:"&E&,(E-'F<3@? G-9'>&?(H-9'+$#(-1(6'93%$>&$+(!"-#-I*J(K-#L(MMJ(N-L(O(<N-:LJ(MPPM@J(//L(QRM4QRS 897#"30&,(7*?(The Crustacean Society G%$7#&(TDU?(http://www.jstor.org/stable/1548526 . A>>&33&,?(VQWVXWYVMY(YV?MY Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. The Crustacean Society is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Journal of Crustacean Biology. http://www.jstor.org JOURNAL OF CRUSTACEAN BIOLOGY, 11(4): 561-568, 1991 BILATERAL GYNANDROMORPH OF THE FRESH-WATER CRAB POTAMON FLUVIA TILE HERBST (DECAPODA: BRACHYURA) Fiorenza Micheli ABSTRACT The morphologyand gonad history of a bilaterallygynandromorphic fresh-water crab (Po- tamonfluviatileHerbst) is described.The abdomen and gonopods exhibit male characteristics on the left side of the body, female ones on the right,with the exception of a partialmasculin- ization of the first right pleopod. The right side has a normal female gonopore, the left one a penis. Internally,testes and vas deferensare presenton both sides, thoughthe rightvas deferens is incomplete and does not communicatewith the outside. -
Repeated Reticulate Evolution in North American Papilio Machaon Group Swallowtail Butterflies
RESEARCH ARTICLE Repeated Reticulate Evolution in North American Papilio machaon Group Swallowtail Butterflies Julian R. Dupuis*, Felix A. H. Sperling Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada * [email protected] Abstract Hybridization between distinct populations or species is increasingly recognized as an important process for generating biodiversity. However, the interaction between hybridiza- tion and speciation is complex, and the diverse evolutionary outcomes of hybridization are OPEN ACCESS difficult to differentiate. Here we characterize potential hybridization in a species group of Citation: Dupuis JR, Sperling FAH (2015) Repeated swallowtail butterflies using microsatellites, DNA sequences, and morphology, and assess Reticulate Evolution in North American Papilio whether adaptive introgression or homoploid hybrid speciation was the primary process machaon Group Swallowtail Butterflies. PLoS ONE leading to each putative hybrid lineage. Four geographically separated hybrid populations 10(10): e0141882. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0141882 were identified in the Papilio machaon species group. One distinct mitochondrial DNA clade Editor: Igor V Sharakhov, Virginia Tech, UNITED from P. machaon was fixed in three hybrid taxa (P. brevicauda, P. joanae, and P. m. kahli), STATES while one hybrid swarm (P. zelicaon x machaon) exhibited this hybrid mtDNA clade as well Received: March 10, 2015 as widespread parental mtDNA haplotypes from both parental species. Microsatellite mark- Accepted: October