DOCSLIB.ORG

UCLA Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
UCLA Electronic Theses and Dissertations UCLA UCLA Electronic Theses and Dissertations Title Worlds of Print: The Moral Imagination of an Informed Citizenry, 1734-1839 Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4bs33789 Author Slifko, John Paul Publication Date 2015 Peer reviewed|Thesis/dissertation eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Los Angeles Worlds of Print: The Moral Imagination of an Informed Citizenry, 1734 to 1839 A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in Geography by John Slifko 2015 © Copyright by John Slifko 2015 ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION Worlds of Print: The Moral Imagination of an Informed Citizenry, 1734 to 1839 by John Slifko Doctor of Philosophy in Geography University of California, Los Angeles, 2015 Professor J. N. Entrikin, Chair Plato, Aristotle, Baron Montesquieu, and Jean Jacques Rousseau argued that you could never have a democracy bigger than the geographic size, intimate oral habits, and embodied rituals of face-to-face communication, and walking distance of a Greek city-state, French town, or small Swiss city. However, in the years surrounding the 1776 American War of Independence and accelerating into the 1800s in the American northeast and mid-Atlantic, there was a significant cultural transformation in the transition from oral/aural cultures to an increasingly literate citizenry. A consequence of this transition was an expanded geographical range of democratic engagement. I argue that freemasonry was representative and played an important role in this transformation and helped articulate the moral imagination of an informed democratic citizenry via fast emerging worlds of print. A metamorphosis occurred through worlds of print anchored at ii home in the routine lives of local community and transmission in space across networks of place. Communication and political participation were enhanced in early America through a growing range of print vehicles such as pamphlets, newspapers, declarations and books of all types concerned with ancient and modern learning. The formation of local civic associations and reading libraries further contributed to this growth of available print documents. In this dissertation I examine the vital roles that freemasons played in this print transformation. iii The dissertation of John Slifko is approved. Michael R. Curry Margaret C. Jacob J. N. Entrikin, Committee Chair University of California, Los Angeles 2015 iv Table of Contents ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................................... ii List of Figures ............................................................................................................................ viiii Vita………………………………………………………………………………………………vii Chapter 1: Introduction ............................................................................................................... 1 A. Organization of the Thesis ............................................................................................... 1 B. The Argument ................................................................................................................. 10 Chapter 2: Critical Texts in London Freemasonry ................................................................. 19 A. English (London) Freemasonry ..................................................................................... 19 B Cosmopolitan Freemasons’ Interest in Ritual, Qualitative Place, and Transmission ... 38 C. The Tattler ...................................................................................................................... 48 D. Ahiman Rezon: Irish Anti-imperial Accents ................................................................. 500 E. The Jachin and Boaz Exposure ...................................................................................... 52 F. William Preston’s Illustrations of Masonry ................................................................... 55 G. Summary and Conclusions ............................................................................................. 57 Chapter 3: Early American Freemasonry, Wider Civil Society, and Ritual and Transmission Logics of the Printed Text .................................................................................. 61 A. Philadelphia ................................................................................................................... 62 B. The Moral Imagination of an Informed Citizenry .......................................................... 65 C. Franklin and the Transmission of Information in Civil Society ..................................... 71 D. William Bentley and the Universal Movement of Information in the Enlightened Republic ................................................................................................................................. 79 E. Isaiah Thomas and another Printing Network in Worcester a la Franklin ................... 82 F. DeWitt Clinton................................................................................................................ 89 G. Hezekiah Niles and the Generation after the Revolutionary War .................................. 94 H. Summary and Conclusions ............................................................................................. 96 Chapter 4: John Dunlap and Early American Worlds of Print ........................................... 103 A. Printing Networks ........................................................................................................ 106 B. Dunlap’s Breadth of Work ........................................................................................... 107 C. The Ancients and the Moderns ..................................................................................... 109 v D. The Oration in Dunlap’s Portfolio and the Perceived Martyr Joseph Warren ........... 113 E. The Ritual and Transmission Logics of the Declaration of Independence in the Formation of a Public.......................................................................................................... 121 F. Military Habit, Quality, and Masculine Formation of the State .................................. 131 G. Dunlap’s Reporting on the Martial Dramaturgy and Freemasonry of General George Washington .......................................................................................................................... 136 H. Summary and Conclusions ........................................................................................... 142 Chapter 5: The Early American Experience of the Embodied Self and Others ................. 144 A. Prince Hall in Freemasonry and the Early African American Public Sphere ............. 144 B. The Experience of First Nations in the Ohio................................................................ 162 C. Women in American Civil Society at the Founding ..................................................... 169 D. Summary and Conclusions ........................................................................................... 175 Chapter 6: The Laying of the Cornerstone Ceremonies at the American Founding ......... 177 A. The Laying of the Cornerstone at Jone’s Point ........................................................... 177 B. Creation of the Federal District ................................................................................... 181 C. Significance of Freemasons in Building the President’s House .................................. 190 D. The United States Capitol Cornerstone Ceremonies in 1793 ...................................... 193 E. The Quality of the Transactional Self, Embodied Place and Light .............................. 203 F. Summary and Conclusions ........................................................................................... 204 Chapter 7: Conclusions ............................................................................................................ 205 Appendix A: The American Declaration of Independence ................................................... 209 Appendix B: From the Columbian Mirror & Alexandria Gazette ...................................... 217 Bibliography .............................................................................................................................. 221 vi List of Figures Figure 1: The Population and Pattern of Cities in the Mid-nineteenth Century Union of States in 1860 ............................................................................................................................................... 13 Figure 2: John Pine, Frontispiece of the 17 23 Book of Constitutions of the Free-Masons 24 Figure 3: Bernard Picart, Grand Lodge of London 1735, an image of the cosmopolitan freemasons . ................................................................................................................................... 39 Figure 4: Paul Revere , The Bloody Massacre in King-Street, March 5, 1770 ............................118 Figure 5: The Declaration of Independence, first officially performed for the public on July 6, 1776 at high noon ........................................................................................................................ 125 Figure 6: Photo by Michael Curry, UCLA Department of Geography . ..................................... 127 Figure 7: Jones Point at the Southernmost Point of the Federal District Diamond ...................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Cómo Citar El Artículo Número Completo Más Información Del
    Revista de Estudios Históricos de la Masonería Latinoamericana y Caribeña ISSN: 1659-4223 Universidad de Costa Rica Prescott, Andrew; Sommers, Susan Mitchell En busca del Apple Tree: una revisión de los primeros años de la masonería inglesa Revista de Estudios Históricos de la Masonería Latinoamericana y Caribeña, vol. 9, núm. 2, 2017, pp. 22-49 Universidad de Costa Rica DOI: 10.15517/rehmlac.v9i2.31500 Disponible en: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=369556476003 Cómo citar el artículo Número completo Sistema de Información Científica Redalyc Más información del artículo Red de Revistas Científicas de América Latina y el Caribe, España y Portugal Página de la revista en redalyc.org Proyecto académico sin fines de lucro, desarrollado bajo la iniciativa de acceso abierto REHMLAC+, ISSN 1659-4223, vol. 9, no. 2, diciembre 2017-abril 2018/19-46 19 En busca del Apple Tree: una revisión de los primeros años de la masonería inglesa Searching for the Apple Tree: Revisiting the Earliest Years of Organized English Freemasonry Andrew Prescott Universidad de Glasgow, Escocia [email protected] Susan Mitchell Sommers Saint Vincent College en Pennsylvania, Estados Unidos [email protected] Recepción: 20 de agosto de 2017/Aceptación: 5 de octubre de 2017 doi: https://doi.org/10.15517/rehmlac.v9i2.31500 Palabras clave Masonería; 300 años; Gran Logia; Londres; Taberna Goose and Gridiron. Keywords Freemasonry; 300 years; Grand Lodge; London; Goose and Gridiron Tavern. Resumen La tradición relata que el 24 de junio de 1717 cuatro logias en la taberna londinense Goose and Gridiron organizaron la primera gran logia de la historia.
    [Show full text]
  • Most Worshipful Prince Hall Grand Lodge of Colorado and Its Jurisdiction
    MOST WORSHIPFUL PRINCE HALL GRAND LODGE OF COLORADO AND ITS JURISDICTION EDWARD J.A. MOORE GREGORY B. WILSON SR. Most Worshipful Grand Master Right Worshipful Grand Secretary 16044 E Loyola Dr. P.O. Box 202626 Aurora, Colorado 80013 Denver, Colorado 80220 Residence: (720) 529-1445 Residence: (303) 739-0825 Cell: (720) 633-5449 (Primary) Cell : (720) 231-6286 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] August 27, 2019 Current as of February 2, 2020 To: Right Worshipful Deputy Grand Master Stephon Atmore, All Elected and Appointed Grand Lodge Officers, Most Worshipful Past Grand Masters, Worshipful Masters, Past Grand Masters, Members and Concordant Bodies of Masonry Owning Allegiance to the Most Worshipful Prince Hall Grand Lodge of Colorado and its Jurisdiction Inc., Grand Worthy Matron Juanita Davis, Grand Worthy Patron Hendrix P. Lewis, All Elected and appointed officers and members of Columbine Grand Chapter Order of the Eastern Star PHA. Greetings and welcome to a new Masonic Year! Below you will find the working calendar for the Grand Master for the 2019-2020 Fraternal Year. Please keep in mind that this is a living document so dates times and places are subject to change. Plesae attend as much as you can and we look forward to seeign you all this year! 2019 EVENT LOCATION DRESS Oct 4-5 Colorado Council of Deliberation, A.A.S.R. Colorado Springs, CO Scottish Rite 10-Oct Grand Lodge Staff Meeting 4200 E. Colfax, Denver Casual 11-Oct Grand Lodge Comedy Show Improv Denver Casual 14-Oct COLUMBUS DAY Oct 14-15 MWPHGL OF PENNSYLVANIA King of Prussia, PA Masonic Grand Lodge Trustee Meeting 10:00 AM Grand Lodge 19-Oct TBA Polo/Casual 25th Annual Conclave, Colorado Grand Commandery, 26-Oct Knights Templar Knights Templar 3-Nov CIC Banquet – Mountain & Plains #33 11-Nov VETERANS DAY 14-Nov Grand Lodge Staff Conference Call 6:30 PM Conference Call 28-Nov THANKSGIVING DAY 2-Dec Rocky Mountain Lodge #1 Elections 4200 E.
    [Show full text]
  • FREEMASONRY And/ Or MASON And/ Or MASONS And/ Or SHRINERS And/ Or SHRINER and the Search Results Page
    This document is made available through the declassification efforts and research of John Greenewald, Jr., creator of: The Black Vault The Black Vault is the largest online Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) document clearinghouse in the world. The research efforts here are responsible for the declassification of hundreds of thousands of pages released by the U.S. Government & Military. Discover the Truth at: http://www.theblackvault.com NATIONAL SECURITY AGENCY CENTRAL SECURITY SERVICE FORT GEORGE G. MEADE, MARYLAND 20755-6000 FOIA Case: 85473A 30 September 20 16 JOHN GREENEWALD Dear Mr. Greenewald: This responds to your Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) request of 15 September 2016 for lntellipedia entries on FREEMASON andjor FREEMASONRY and/ or MASON and/ or MASONS and/ or SHRINERS and/ or SHRINER and the search results page. As stated in our initial response letter, dated 19 September 2016, your request was assigned Case Number 854 73. For purposes of this request and based on the information you provided in your letter, you are considered an "all other" requester. As such, you are allowed 2 hours of search and the duplication of 100 pages at no cost. There are no assessable fees for this request. A copy of your request is enclosed. Your request has been processed under the FOIA. For your information, NSA provides a service of common concem for the Intelligence Community (IC) by serving as the executive agent for lntelink. As such, NSA provides technical services that enable users to access and share information with peers and stakeholders across the IC and DoD. Intellipedia pages are living documents that may be originated by any user organization, and any user organization may contribute to or edit pages after their origination.
    [Show full text]
  • Episode 20 Prince Hall
    Prince Hall , The history Prince Hall, our founder, was one of our great Americans, a worthy Grand Master associated with our first Grand Lodge and its expansion. His name is carried by our masonic organizations in the United States, and by thousands of freemasons who regard themselves as descendants from the Grand Lodge of England, from which he received his authority more than two centuries ago. We in America celebrated in 1976 the two hundredth anniversary of our Declaration of Independence. This is also the two hundred and first (201st) anniversary of the founding of Prince Hall Masonry. It is a monument to Prince Hall’s life, career and leadership. It was a significant event in Freemasonry on March 6, 1775, when Prince Hall and fourteen other men were initiated into Freemasonry through Warrant No. 459, which is still in our possession. John Batt, who was of the 38th Foot Regiment of the British Army, having enlisted in 1759 and learning of the American cause, re-enlisted in its army. The enlistees were Prince Hall, Cyrus Johnston, Bueston Slinger, Prince Rees, John Canton, Peter Freeman, Benjamin Tiler, Duff Ruform, Thomas Santerson, Prince Rayden, Cato Speain, Boston Smith, Peter Best, Forten Horward, and Richard Titley. The writer has this record. A permit was issued for these freemasons to meet as African Lodge No. 1, and they became the first Black freemasons in the United States. Prince Hall enlisted and served as a soldier in the 2nd and 6th Regiments of Massachusetts. In this connection, George W. Williams, historian, wrote in 1884, "that he saw hard service we know by the record of the two regiments he served in, always distinguished for steadiness and valor.
    [Show full text]
  • The Legend of Hiram Abiff
    The Legend Of Hiram Abiff by Jerry Marsengill Hiram Abiff, the widow's son, is the principal cheek and hand to back, and cried out: 'Help, O, character in the second section of the Master father,' as if they had said; 'O, Father of Heaven, Mason's degree. He has become the central help us now for our earthly father cannot.'" So figure in most rites and in most countries. Yet they laid down the dead body again and not compared to much of the Masonic ritual and knowing what to do, one, said: 'Here is yet Masonic tradition, Hiram is a newcomer. marrow in the bone;' and the second said: 'But a dry bone,' and the third said; 'It stinketh.' So Regardless of Dr. Mackey, who was quite they agreed to give it a name as is known to proficient in formulating and interpreting Freemasonry to this day." landmarks, the legend of Hiram is not a landmark of the craft. Mackey states that The first record we have of the Hiramic legend landmark 2 is the division of symbolic Masonry being introduced into Masonry occurs in 1730 into three degrees and that landmark 3 is the when Prichard published Masonry Dissected. Legend of the third degree. He refers to Hiram as Grand Master Hiram. Prichard also tells both the story of Noah and Unfortunately we know the date when the third the story of Hiram in this expose. The Hiramic degree was first conferred. It was in 1726 in legend, wherever it came from, and we have no London in the Society for Music and way of knowing was still changing until the year Architecture.
    [Show full text]
  • THE LOST KEYS of FREEMASONRY Or the Secret of Hiram Abiff by MANLY P
    The Lost Keys of Freemasonry – by Manly P. Hall THE LOST KEYS OF FREEMASONRY or The Secret of Hiram Abiff by MANLY P. HALL Table of Contents PUBLISHER'S FOREWORD FOREWORD INTRODUCTION PROLOGUE IN THE FIELDS OF CHAOS TEMPLE BUILDERS CHAPTER I THE ETERNAL QUEST THOUGHTLESSNESS CHAPTER II THE CANDIDATE CHAPTER III THE ENTERED APPRENTICE CHAPTER IV THE FELLOW CRAFT CHAPTER V THE MASTER MASON TRANSMUTATION THE PRESENCE OF THE MASTER CHAPTER VI THE QUALIFICATIONS OF A TRUE MASON MASONS, AWAKE! EPILOGUE THE PRIEST OF RA ADDENDA THE ROBE OF BLUE AND GOLD FRIENDSHIP THE EMERALD TABLET OF HERMES (TABULA SMARAGDINA) FINISH OF THE TABULA SMARAGDINA MOTIVE Page 1 of 40 The Lost Keys of Freemasonry – by Manly P. Hall PUBLISHER'S FOREWORD The steady demand and increasing popularity of this volume, of which eighteen thousand copies have been printed since it first appeared a few years ago, have brought the present revised and rearranged edition into being. The text can be read with profit by both new and old Mason, for within its pages lies an interpretation of Masonic symbolism which supplements the monitorial instruction usually given in the lodges. The leading Masonic scholars of all times have agreed that the symbols of the Fraternity are susceptible of the most profound interpretation and thus reveal to the truly initiated certain secrets concerning the spiritual realities of life. Freemasonry is therefore more than a mere social organization a few centuries old, and can be regarded as a perpetuation of the philosophical mysteries and initiations of the ancients. This is in keeping with the inner tradition of the Craft, a heritage from pre-Revival days.
    [Show full text]
  • Mystery and Benevolence
    MYSTERY AND BENEVOLENCE MASONIC AND ODD FELLOWS FOLK ART FROM THE KENDRA AND ALLAN DANIEL COLLECTION A K–12 Teacher’s Guide AMERICAN FOLK ART MUSEUM 2 LINCOLN SQUARE, NEW YORK CITY (COLUMBUS AVE. BETWEEN 65TH AND 66TH STS.) WWW.FOLKARTMUSEUM.ORG MYSTERY AND BENEVOLENCE: MASONIC AND ODD FELLOWS FOLK ART FROM THE KENDRA AND ALLAN DANIEL COLLECTION A K–12 Teacher’s Guide AMERICAN FOLK ART MUSEUM Education Department 2 Lincoln Square (Columbus Avenue between 65th and 66th Streets) New York, NY 10023 212. 595. 9533, ext. 381 [email protected] www.folkartmuseum.org First edition © 2016 CONTENTS Development Team 3 About the Exhibition 4 Educator’s Note 5 How to Use This Guide 6 Teaching from Images and Objects 7 New York State Learning Standards 9 Lesson Plans MASONIC APPLIQUÉ QUILT 11 MASONIC SIGN AND CHEST LID WITH MASONIC PAINTING 15 INDEPENDENT ORDER OF ODD FELLOWS TRACING BOARD AND ODD FELLOWS PAPER CUT 21 MARIE-HENRIETTE HEINIKEN (MME. DE XAINTRAILLES) (?–1818) 27 FRATERNAL APRON 31 Masonic Symbol Glossary 35 Resources 37 Visiting the American Folk Art Museum 38 DEVELOPMENT TEAM Project Director Rachel Rosen Director of Education, American Folk Art Museum, New York Principal Writer Nicole Haroutunian Educator and Writer, New York Exhibition Co-curators Stacy C. Hollander Deputy Director for Curatorial Affairs, Chief Curator, and Director of Exhibitions, American Folk Art Museum, New York Aimee E. Newell Director of Collections, Scottish Rite Masonic Museum & Library, Lexington, MA Editorial & Design Staff Megan Conway Director of Publications and Website, American Folk Art Museum, New York Kate Johnson Graphic Designer and Production Manager, American Folk Art Museum, New York Photography All photos by José Andrés Ramírez Cover Image: Independent Order of Odd fellows Inner Guard Robe (detail), the Ward-Stilson Company, New London, Ohio, 1875–1925, velvet, cotton, and metal, 37 x 23 in., American Folk Art Museum, gift of Kendra and Allan Daniel, 2015.1.153.
    [Show full text]
  • Edition 3Rd Wednesdays July and August Meeting At: 375 Highway 67, Dousman, WI 53118 Mail To: P
    June Stated Communications: 7:30 PM 1st & 3rd Wednesdays Electronic 2018 September through June Edition 3rd Wednesdays July and August Meeting at: 375 Highway 67, Dousman, WI 53118 Mail to: P. O. Box 284, Hartland, WI 53029-0284 Secretary’s Phone: 262.367.2309 E-mail: [email protected] Web: http://www.lodge42.net Worshipful Master Bruce Boland 262.354.4394 Senior Warden Timothy Behling, PM 414.254.3060 Junior Warden Tim Zellner, PM 414.588.5169 Treasurer Frank McKenna, PM 262.893.1106 Secretary Gary Pilgrim, PM 262.367.2309 Chaplain Craig Wiggins, PM 267.416-0788 Senior Deacon James Lukas 262.370.4356 Junior Deacon Robert Staley 262.309.9111 Senior Steward Scott Millikin 262.490.6023 Junior Steward Aaron Marjala 414.975.9770 Counselor Henry Pynakker, PM 262.370.2665 Organist Volunteer Opportunity 555.555.5555 Tyler Robert Jewell , PM 262.212.4616 Trustees Daniel Bast, PM 414.333.1412 James A. Johnson, PM 414.651.2072 Charles Gastrow, PM 262.370.1149 Thomas Ewald 414.429.5904 Frank McKenna, PM 262.893.1106 Sickness & Distress: Please notify the Senior Warden of Brothers in Sickness or Distress. Notice of Trustee Update The trustees of the Lodge would like to inform everyone that in addition to normal business at our stated meeting on Wednesday June 6th, we will also have a special report from our building committee on new developments for a New Lodge Meeting Place. This report is confidential and is intended for the members of Lake Country Freemasons Lodge #42. We look forward to seeing as many Brothers attend as possible.
    [Show full text]
  • The Adoption Rite, It's Origins, Opening up for Women, and It's 'Craft'
    “The Adoption Rite, its Origins, Opening up for Women, and its ‘Craft’ Rituals” Jan Snoek REHMLAC ISSN 1659-4223 57 Vol. 4, Nº 2, Diciembre 2012 - Abril 2013 Jan Snoek. Dutch. Ph.D. in Religious Studies from Leiden University. Professor at University of Heidelberg, Germany. E-mail: [email protected]. Date received: May 18, 2012 - Day accepted: June 2, 2012 Palabras clave Masonería, mujer, Rito de Adopción, Gran Oriente de Francia, logias Harodim. Keywords Freemasonry, woman, The Adoption Rite, Grand Orient de France, Harodim lodges. Resumen Este trabajo se consiste en explicar lo siguiente: ¿Cuándo el Rito Adopción empezó? Tuvo sus raíces en la tradición Harodim en el siglo XVIII en Inglaterra. Desde 1726 hubo también logias de esta tradición en París. ¿De dónde viene el Rito Adopción? Fue creado en Francia como una versión modificada del rito, que se utilizaba en las logias Harodim. ¿Por qué y en qué circunstancias se creó? En la década de 1740 las logias Harodim fueron sobrepasadas por logias modernizantes. Al mismo tiempo, las mujeres francesas querían ser iniciadas. Como respuesta a ambas situaciones, las logias Harodim en el continente, comenzaron a iniciar a las mujeres a partir de 1744. ¿Cómo los rituales obtienen su forma? Los dos primeros grados del Rito en uso en las logias Harodim fueron modificados en el Rito de Adopción de tres grados, un rito de calidad excelente, y el segundo de los grados del nuevo Rito fue diseñado como un protofeminismo. Abstract This working paper consists in explain the following: When did the Adoption Rite start? It had its roots in the Harodim tradition in the early 18th century in England.
    [Show full text]
  • Ocm01251790-1863.Pdf (10.24Mb)
    u ^- ^ " ±i t I c Hon. JONATHAN E. FIELD, President. 1. —George Dwight. IJ. — K. M. Mason. 1. — Francis Briwiej'. ll.-S. .1. Beal. 2.— George A. Shaw. .12 — Israel W. Andrews. 2.—Thomas Wright. 12.-J. C. Allen. 3. — W. F. Johnson. i'i. — Mellen Chamberlain 3.—H. P. Wakefield. 13.—Nathan Crocker. i.—J. E. Crane. J 4.—Thomas Rice, .Ir. 4.—G. H. Gilbert. 14.—F. M. Johnson. 5.—J. H. Mitchell. 15.—William L. Slade. 5. —Hartley Williams. 15—H. M. Richards. 6.—J. C. Tucker. 16. —Asher Joslin. 6.—M. B. Whitney. 16.—Hosea Crane. " 7. —Benjamin Dean. 17.— Albert Nichols. 7.—E. O. Haven. 17.—Otis Gary. 8.—William D. Swan. 18.—Peter Harvey. 8.—William R. Hill. 18.—George Whitney. 9.—.]. I. Baker. 19.—Hen^^' Carter. 9.—R. H. Libby. 19.—Robert Crawford. ]0.—E. F. Jeiiki*. 10.-—Joseph Breck. 20. —Samuel A. Brown. .JOHN MORIS?5KV, Sevii^aiU-ut-Anns. S. N. GIFFORU, aerk. Wigatorn gaHei-y ^ P=l F ISSu/faT-fii Lit Coiranoittoralllj of llitss3t|ttsttts. MANUAL FOR THE USE OF THE G-ENERAL COURT: CONTAINING THE RULES AND ORDERS OF THE TWO BRANCHES, TOGETHER WITH THE CONSTITUTION OF THE COMMONWEALTH, AND THAT OF THE UNITED STATES, A LIST OF THE EXECUTIVE, LEGISLATIVE, AND JUDICIAL DEPARTMENTS OF THE STATE GOVERNMENT, STATE INSTITUTIONS AND THEIR OFFICERS, COUNTY OFFICERS, AND OTHER STATISTICAL INFORMATION. Prepared, pursuant to Orders of the Legislature, BY S. N. GIFFORD and WM. S. ROBINSON. BOSTON: \yRIGHT & POTTER, STATE PRINTERS, No. 4 Spring Lane. 1863. CTommonbtaltfj of iBnssacf)useits.
    [Show full text]
  • John Adams, Political Moderation, and the 1820 Massachusetts Constitutional Convention: a Reappraisal.”
    The Historical Journal of Massachusetts “John Adams, Political Moderation, and the 1820 Massachusetts Constitutional Convention: A Reappraisal.” Author: Arthur Scherr Source: Historical Journal of Massachusetts, Volume 46, No. 1, Winter 2018, pp. 114-159. Published by: Institute for Massachusetts Studies and Westfield State University You may use content in this archive for your personal, non-commercial use. Please contact the Historical Journal of Massachusetts regarding any further use of this work: [email protected] Funding for digitization of issues was provided through a generous grant from MassHumanities. Some digitized versions of the articles have been reformatted from their original, published appearance. When citing, please give the original print source (volume/number/date) but add "retrieved from HJM's online archive at http://www.westfield.ma.edu/historical-journal/. 114 Historical Journal of Massachusetts • Winter 2018 John Adams Portrait by Gilbert Stuart, c. 1815 115 John Adams, Political Moderation, and the 1820 Massachusetts Constitutional Convention: A Reappraisal ARTHUR SCHERR Editor's Introduction: The history of religious freedom in Massachusetts is long and contentious. In 1833, Massachusetts was the last state in the nation to “disestablish” taxation and state support for churches.1 What, if any, impact did John Adams have on this process of liberalization? What were Adams’ views on religious freedom and how did they change over time? In this intriguing article Dr. Arthur Scherr traces the evolution, or lack thereof, in Adams’ views on religious freedom from the writing of the original 1780 Massachusetts Constitution to its revision in 1820. He carefully examines contradictory primary and secondary sources and seeks to set the record straight, arguing that there are many unsupported myths and misconceptions about Adams’ role at the 1820 convention.
    [Show full text]
  • The Adoption Rite, Its Origins, Opening up for Women, and Its ‘Craft’ Rituals”
    “The Adoption Rite, its Origins, Opening up for Women, and its ‘Craft’ Rituals” Jan Snoek REHMLAC ISSN 1659-4223 57 Vol. 4, Nº 2, Diciembre 2012 - Abril 2013 Jan Snoek. Dutch. Ph.D. in Religious Studies from Leiden University. Professor at University of Heidelberg, Germany. E-mail: [email protected]. Date received: May 18, 2012 - Day accepted: June 2, 2012 Palabras clave Masonería, mujer, Rito de Adopción, Gran Oriente de Francia, logias Harodim. Keywords Freemasonry, woman, The Adoption Rite, Grand Orient de France, Harodim lodges. Resumen Este trabajo consiste en explicar las siguientes preguntas: ¿Cuándo el Rito Adopción empezó? Tuvo sus raíces en la tradición Harodim en el siglo XVIII en Inglaterra. Desde 1726 hubo también logias de esta tradición en París. ¿De dónde viene el Rito Adopción? Fue creado en Francia como una versión modificada del rito, que se utilizaba en las logias Harodim. ¿Por qué y en qué circunstancias se creó? En la década de 1740 las logias Harodim fueron sobrepasadas por logias modernizantes. Al mismo tiempo, las mujeres francesas querían ser iniciadas. Como respuesta a ambas situaciones, las logias Harodim en el continente, comenzaron a iniciar a las mujeres a partir de 1744. ¿Cómo los rituales obtienen su forma? Los dos primeros grados del Rito en uso en las logias Harodim fueron modificados en el Rito de Adopción de tres grados, un rito de calidad excelente, y el segundo de los grados del nuevo Rito fue diseñado como un protofeminismo. Abstract This essay aims to explain the following questions: When did the Adoption Rite begin? It had its roots in the Harodim tradition in the early 18th century in England.
    [Show full text]