Edge Learning for the Internet of Vehicles– Algorithms, Frameworks and Applications

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Edge Learning for the Internet of Vehicles– Algorithms, Frameworks and Applications Edge Learning for the Internet of Vehicles– Algorithms, Frameworks and Applications Internet of Vehicles (IoV) concept has emerged from Internet of Things (IoT), referring to a large number of connected vehicles. IoV focuses on information exchange between vehicles-to-anything (V2X) in near real-time using IEEE 802.11p as well as cellular technologies. The advances in IoV are expected to lead towards a true smart city that has Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) which provides a number of services. These include: traffic crash data collection and trend analysis for safer roads, intelligent traffic management through safe lane changing and intersection crossing, health emergency, outing, parking, infotainment, and mobile Internet services. Machine learning (ML) techniques are anticipated to be significantly useful for the development of a smart IoV environment. Some examples are: traffic prediction-based path and data routing, vehicular blockchain, congestion, load balancing, cyber-physical attack mitigation, resource management based-on e.g. energy-efficiency, virtualization, and distributed learning. High complexity of the IoV environment can be addressed by online/offline learning mechanisms (e.g., supervised, unsupervised, and reinforcement). In addition, near real-time requirements of the majority of services emerging from ITS require low-latency solutions. Thus, edge learning will play a key role in bringing intelligent, efficient, and creative applications and systems for the vehicular ecosystem. For instance, caching the contents at the network edge for intelligent information processing can be built on machine learning techniques to enhance the efficiency of IoV. Considering all of these exciting areas, this special issue aims to bring together research efforts on IoVs that benefit from ML and edge computing. The topics of interest include but are not limited to: Intelligent Road safety and accident mitigation in IoV ML-based edge-supported location management mechanisms of IoV Driver safety and assistance using deep learning in IoV Intelligent Information dissemination and retrieval in IoV ML-based edge caching mechanisms for IoV Intelligent Autonomous driving in IoV Intelligent Traffic management system for small/large rural/urban areas in IoV Smart Health emergency handling in IoV Intelligent content-centric mechanisms in IoV using edge learning Theft mitigation and rescue in IoV using machine learning Public parking and monitoring in IoV using ML Mobile Internet usage in IoV Blockchain applications in IoV enabled by edge learning Security based-on edge learning in IoV Privacy mechanisms supported by IoV edge Smart mobility management in IoV using edge learning Infotainment in IoV using edge learning Novel frameworks supporting edge learning in ITS Intelligent edge-based algorithms for IoV Field trials/Testbed implementations in IoV supported by edge learning Original, high-quality contributions that are not yet published or that are not currently under review by other journals or peer-reviewed conferences are sought. Papers will be peer-reviewed by independent reviewers and selected based on originality, scientific quality and relevance to this Special Issue. The guest editors will make final decisions about the acceptance of the papers. Important dates Paper submission due: Jun. 31, 2019 First-round notification: Sep. 30, 2019 Revision submission: Nov. 30, 2019 Notification of final decision: Jan. 20, 2019 Submission of final paper: Feb. 30, 2020 Publication date: Mar. 2020 Guest Editors Muhammad Maaz Rehan (Managing Guest Editor) COMSATS University Islamabad, Pakistan [email protected] | [email protected] Mubashir Hussain Rehmani Cork Institute of Technology, Ireland [email protected] Sedjelmaci Hichem Orange Labs, Châtillon, France [email protected] Melike Erol-Kantarci University of Ottawa, Canada [email protected] Akhilesh Thyagaturu Intel, USA [email protected] .
Recommended publications
  • Handheld Computing Terminal Industrializing Mobile Gateway for the Internet of Things
    Handheld Computing Terminal Industrializing Mobile Gateway for the Internet of Things Retail Inventory Logistics Management Internet of Vehicles Electric Utility Inspection www.AMobile-solutions.com About AMobile Mobile Gateway for IIoT Dedicated IIoT, AMobile develops mobile devices and gateways for data collectivity, wireless communications, local computing and processing, and connectivity between the fields and cloud. In addition, AMobile's unified management platform-Node-Watch monitors and manages not only mobile devices but also IoT equipment in real-time to realize industrial IoT applications. Manufacturing • IPC mobile • Mobility computing technology Retail Inspection (IP-6X, Military • Premier member grade, Wide- - early access Blockchain temperature) Healthcare Logistics • Manufacturing resource pool Big Data & AI • Logistics • Global customer support Handheld Mobile Computing Data Collector Smart Meter Mobile Inspection Device with Keyboard Assistant Mobile Computing IoT Terminal Device Ultra-rugged Intelligent Barcode Reader Vehicle Mount Handheld Device Handheld Device Tablet Mobile Gateway AMobile Intelligent established in 2013, a joint venture by Arbor Technology, MediaTek, and Wistron, is Pressure Image an expert in industrial mobile computers and solutions for industrial applications including warehousing, Temperature Velocity Gyroscope logistics, manufacturing, and retail. Leveraging group resources of manufacturing and services from Wistron, IPC know-how and distribution channels from Arbor, mobility technology and
    [Show full text]
  • A Survey of Autonomous Vehicles: Enabling Communication Technologies and Challenges
    sensors Review A Survey of Autonomous Vehicles: Enabling Communication Technologies and Challenges M. Nadeem Ahangar 1, Qasim Z. Ahmed 1,*, Fahd A. Khan 2 and Maryam Hafeez 1 1 School of Computing and Engineering, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UK; [email protected] (M.N.A.); [email protected] (M.H.) 2 School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: The Department of Transport in the United Kingdom recorded 25,080 motor vehicle fatali- ties in 2019. This situation stresses the need for an intelligent transport system (ITS) that improves road safety and security by avoiding human errors with the use of autonomous vehicles (AVs). There- fore, this survey discusses the current development of two main components of an ITS: (1) gathering of AVs surrounding data using sensors; and (2) enabling vehicular communication technologies. First, the paper discusses various sensors and their role in AVs. Then, various communication tech- nologies for AVs to facilitate vehicle to everything (V2X) communication are discussed. Based on the transmission range, these technologies are grouped into three main categories: long-range, medium- range and short-range. The short-range group presents the development of Bluetooth, ZigBee and ultra-wide band communication for AVs. The medium-range examines the properties of dedicated short-range communications (DSRC). Finally, the long-range group presents the cellular-vehicle to everything (C-V2X) and 5G-new radio (5G-NR). An important characteristic which differentiates each category and its suitable application is latency.
    [Show full text]
  • Fog Computing for Detecting Vehicular Congestion, an Internet of Vehicles Based Approach: a Review
    > REPLACE THIS LINE WITH YOUR PAPER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER (DOUBLE-CLICK HERE TO EDIT) < 1 Fog Computing for Detecting Vehicular Congestion, An Internet of Vehicles based Approach: A review Arnav Thakur and Reza Malekian, Senior Member, IEEE double by the year 2020 [3]. To enhance the efficiency of the Abstract—Vehicular congestion is directly impacting the transportation sector and reduce the associated economic and efficiency of the transport sector. A wireless sensor network for environmental consequences, an accurate real-time vehicular vehicular clients is used in Internet of Vehicles based solutions traffic congestion identification system is required to be used for traffic management applications. It was found that vehicular in effective traffic management schemes that improve traffic congestion detection by using Internet of Vehicles based connected vehicles technology are practically feasible for flow and utilization of road infrastructure. congestion handling. It was found that by using Fog Computing Vehicular congestion is quantified by using the traffic based principles in the vehicular wireless sensor network, density estimate metric which is the number of vehicles per communication in the system can be improved to support larger unit area [4]. The traffic density estimation techniques use number of nodes without impacting performance. In this paper, parameters that include road occupancy rates, difference of connected vehicles technology based vehicular congestion incoming and outgoing traffic in an observation area, traffic identification techniques are studied. Computing paradigms that can be used for the vehicular network are studied to develop a flow estimation and motion detection and tracking to identify practically feasible vehicular congestion detection system that congestion [5].
    [Show full text]
  • Edge Computing in the Context of Open Manufacturing
    Edge Computing in the Context of Open Manufacturing 01.07.2021 LEGAL DISCLAIMERS © 2021 Joint Development Foundation Projects, LLC, OMP Series and its contributors. All rights reserved. THESE MATERIALS ARE PROVIDED ”AS IS.” The parties expressly disclaim any warranties (express, implied, or otherwise), including implied warranties of merchantability, non- infringement, fitness for a particular purpose, or title, related tothe materials. The entire risk as to implementing or otherwise using the materials is assumed by the implementer and user. IN NO EVENT WILL THE PARTIES BE LIABLE TO ANY OTHER PARTY FOR LOST PROFITS OR ANY FORM OF INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OF ANY CHARACTER FROM ANY CAUSES OF ACTION OF ANY KIND WITH RESPECT TO THIS DELIVERABLE OR ITS GOVERNING AGREEMENT, WHETHER BASED ON BREACH OF CONTRACT, TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE), OR OTHERWISE, AND WHETHER OR NOT THE OTHER MEMBER HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 2 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This document is a work product of the Open Manufacturing Platform – IoT Connectivity Working Group, chaired by Sebastian Buckel (BMW Group) and co-chaired by Dr. Veit Hammerstingl (BMW Group). AUTHORS Anhalt, Christopher, Dr. (Softing) Buckel, Sebastian (BMW Group) Hammerstingl, Veit, Dr. (BMW Group) Köpke, Alexander (Microsoft) Müller, Michael (Capgemini) Muth, Manfred (Red Hat) Ridl, Jethro (Reply) Rummel, Thomas (Softing) Weber Martins, Thiago, Dr. (SAP) FURTHER CONTRIBUTION BY Attrey, Kapil (Cognizant) Kramer, Michael (ZF) Krapp, Chiara (BMW Group) Krebs, Jeremy (Microsoft) McGrath, Daniel (Cognizant) Title Image by Possessed Photography from unsplash.com 3 Contents Contents 1 Introduction: The Importance of Edge Computing 5 2 Definition of Edge Computing 6 3 Reference Use Case 6 4 Views on Edge Computing 8 4.1 Infrastructural View .
    [Show full text]
  • An Intelligent Edge-Chain Enabled Access Control Mechanism For
    This article has been accepted for publication in a future issue of this journal, but has not been fully edited. Content may change prior to final publication. Citation information: DOI 10.1109/JIOT.2021.3061467, IEEE Internet of Things Journal JOURNAL OF LATEX CLASS FILES, VOL. 14, NO. 8, AUGUST 2015 1 An Intelligent Edge-Chain Enabled Access Control Mechanism for IoV Yuanni Liu, Man Xiao, Shanzhi Chen, Fellow, IEEE, Fan Bai, Jianli Pan, Member, IEEE, Di Zhang, Senior Member, IEEE Abstract—The current security method of Internet of Vehicles the amounts of vehicles exceed one billion and is expected (IoV) systems is rare, which makes it vulnerable to various to reach two billion by 2035 [6], [7]. As explosive on-road attacks. The malicious and unauthorized nodes can easily in- devices are connecting to Internet, communication security vade the IoV systems to destroy the integrity, availability, and confidentiality of information resources shared among vehicles. becomes a big issue. As we know, the communication security Indeed, access control mechanism can remedy this. However, as method of current IoV devices is rare, making it easy to be a static method, it cannot timely response to these attacks. To attacked. Such malicious attacks include replay, camouflage, solve this problem, we propose an intelligent edge-chain enabled and message tampering attacks et al. [8]. The attacked IoV access control framework with vehicle nodes and RoadSide Units devices may rise potential risks, such as critical electronic (RSUs) in this study. In our scenario, vehicle nodes act as lightweight nodes, whereas RUSs serve as full and edge nodes control unit hacking and control, untrustworthy messages from to provide access control services.
    [Show full text]
  • Position Prediction for Routing in Software Defined Internet of Vehicles
    Journal of Communications Vol. 15, No. 2, February 2020 Position Prediction for Routing in Software Defined Internet of Vehicles Muhammad Ali Jibran1, Muhammad Tahir Abbas2, Adeel Rafiq1, and Wang-Cheol Song1 1, Jeju National University, Jeju, South Korea 2 Karlstad University, Karlstad, Sweden Email: [email protected]; [email protected] Abstract—By the prediction of future location for a vehicle in In the past few years, vehicle to vehicle (V2V) Internet of Vehicles (IoV), data forwarding schemes can be communication gain a lot of attention because of its further improved. Major parameters for vehicle position potential to make our journey comfortable on the roads. prediction includes traffic density, motion, road conditions, and The core requirement of connected cars include a reliable vehicle current position. In this paper, therefore, our proposed and fast communication with very low latency response system enforces the accurate prediction with the help of real- time traffic from the vehicles. In addition, the proposed Neural to and from a service provider. In the meanwhile, it needs Network Model assists Edge Controller and centralized to be more efficient to manage a huge number of requests controller to compute and predict vehicle future position inside simultaneously with no traffic congestion. In ITS, a and outside of the vicinity, respectively. Last but not least, in vehicle on the road always initiates a new connection order to get real-time data, and to maintain a quality of request towards the traffic controller in case of path experience, the edge controller is explored with Software failure. Traffic controller estimates a new path each time Defined Internet of Vehicles.
    [Show full text]
  • Deep Learning-Based Intrusion System for Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks
    Computers, Materials & Continua CMC, vol.65, no.1, pp.653-681, 2020 Deep Learning-Based Intrusion System for Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks Fei Li1, *, Jiayan Zhang1, Edward Szczerbicki2, Jiaqi Song 1, Ruxiang Li 1 and Renhong Diao1 Abstract: The increasing use of the Internet with vehicles has made travel more convenient. However, hackers can attack intelligent vehicles through various technical loopholes, resulting in a range of security issues. Due to these security issues, the safety protection technology of the in-vehicle system has become a focus of research. Using the advanced autoencoder network and recurrent neural network in deep learning, we investigated the intrusion detection system based on the in-vehicle system. We combined two algorithms to realize the efficient learning of the vehicle’s boundary behavior and the detection of intrusive behavior. In order to verify the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed model, it was evaluated using real vehicle data. The experimental results show that the combination of the two technologies can effectively and accurately identify abnormal boundary behavior. The parameters of the model are self-iteratively updated using the time-based back propagation algorithm. We verified that the model proposed in this study can reach a nearly 96% accurate detection rate. Keywords: Internet of vehicles, safety protection technology, intrusion detection system, advanced auto-encoder, recurrent neural network, time-based back propagation algorithm. 1 Introduction In recent years, intelligent vehicles, a fusion of Internet technology and the machinery manufacturing industry, have resulted in the development of comprehensive information services for travel and daily commutes [Unluturk, Oguz and Atay (2015); Contreras- Castillo, Zeadally and Guerrero-Ibañez (2017)].
    [Show full text]
  • The Concepts of Connected Car and Internet of Cars and Their Impact on Future People Mobility
    INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN MANAGEMENT Information Systems in Management (2017) Vol. 6 (3) 234 −245 THE CONCEPTS OF CONNECTED CAR AND INTERNET OF CARS AND THEIR IMPACT ON FUTURE PEOPLE MOBILITY AGNIESZKA SZMELTER Department of Logistics, University of Gda ńsk (UG) Technological convergence has had a huge impact on development of automo- tive industry. Two main concepts related to mobile technology and the Internet of Things (IoT) in this industry are car connectivity and Internet of Cars (IoC). The ar- ticle aims to present these two concepts with special emphasis on the characteristics of people mobility in future cities. Keywords: automotive, logistics, information logistics, convergence, technological convergence, internet of things, internet of cars, connected car, car connectivity, mobility, public transport. 1. Introduction The global economy, which is currently characterized by development of mo- bile and Internet technologies, is in large part composed of the services sector. A new paradigm appeared: information and communication technologies enable achievement of the economic and / or social objectives by use of cooperation methods (including sharing). ICT contribute to the acceleration of economic recov- ery and the creation of "sustainable digital future" [7]. This paper aims to achieve cognitive objective, which is to present the impact of technological developments in automotive industry (especially the concepts of car connectivity and Internet of Cars) on the development of new people mobility behaviour in cities. The author hypothesizes that technological convergence, pre- sent in currently-sold cars and cars of the future significantly contributes and will contribute to development of new patterns of mobility in cities. The main research method used in the study is analysis of secondary sources, including literature and branch studies made by experts in automotive industry.
    [Show full text]
  • Huawei HCIA-Iot V. 2.5 Evaluation Questions Michel Bakni
    Huawei HCIA-IoT v. 2.5 Evaluation Questions Michel Bakni To cite this version: Michel Bakni. Huawei HCIA-IoT v. 2.5 Evaluation Questions. Engineering school. Huawei HCIA-IoT v. 2.5, Bidart, France. 2021, pp.77. hal-03189245 HAL Id: hal-03189245 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03189245 Submitted on 2 Apr 2021 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution| 4.0 International License Huawei HCIA-IoT v. 2.5 Evaluation Questions March 2021 Michel BAKNI Author: Michel BAKNI Editor: Sandra HANBO Version: 1.0 , 2021 DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14336687 Copyright notice This work is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) You are free to: Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially. The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms: Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
    [Show full text]
  • IOT-EDGE-SERVER BASED EMBEDDED SYSTEM for WIDE-RANGE HABITATS by Archit Gajjar, B.Tech. THESIS Presented to the Faculty of the U
    IOT-EDGE-SERVER BASED EMBEDDED SYSTEM FOR WIDE-RANGE HABITATS by Archit Gajjar, B.Tech. THESIS Presented to the Faculty of The University of Houston-Clear Lake In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements For the Degree MASTER OF SCIENCE in Computer Engineering THE UNIVERSITY OF HOUSTON-CLEAR LAKE MAY, 2019 IOT-EDGE-SERVER BASED EMBEDDED SYSTEM FOR WIDE-RANGE HABITATS by Archit Gajjar APPROVED BY Xiaokun Yang, PhD, Chair Hakduran Koc, PhD, Committee Member Ishaq Unwala, PhD, Committee Member APPROVED/RECEIVED BY THE COLLEGE OF SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING: Said Bettayeb, PhD, Associate Dean Ju H. Kim, PhD, Dean Dedication I would like to dedicate this thesis to my parents, family members, roommates, and professors. I would never have made it here without all of you. Acknowledgments First and foremost, I am grateful to my advisor, Dr. Xiaokun Yang, for being friendly, caring, supportive, and help in numerous ways. Without his support, I could not have done what I was able to do. He was very generous in sharing his experiences on electrical and computer engineering, academic life and beyond. He is not only my adviser but also, a friend inspiring me for the rest of my life. Next, I would like to thank the members of my committee, Dr. Hakduran Koc and Dr. Ishaq Unwala for their support and suggestions in improving the quality of this dissertation. It is truly honored to have such great fantastic and knowledgeable professors serving as my committee members. I would also like to thank all the lab mates and members at the Integrated Cir- cut (IC) and Internet-of-Things (IoT) - IICOT Laboratory for creating an amazing working environment, and thank my friend, Yunxiang Zhang, for his assistance on work related to my research.
    [Show full text]
  • Internet of Autonomous Vehicles: Architecture, Features, and Socio-Technological Challenges Furqan Jameel, Zheng Chang, Jun Huang, Tapani Ristaniemi
    ACCEPTED IN IEEE WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS 1 Internet of Autonomous Vehicles: Architecture, Features, and Socio-Technological Challenges Furqan Jameel, Zheng Chang, Jun Huang, Tapani Ristaniemi Abstract Mobility is the backbone of urban life and a vital economic factor in the development of the world. Rapid urbanization and the growth of mega-cities is bringing dramatic changes in the capabilities of vehicles. Innovative solutions like autonomy, electrification, and connectivity are on the horizon. How, then, we can provide ubiquitous connectivity to the legacy and autonomous vehicles? This paper seeks to answer this question by combining recent leaps of innovation in network virtualization with remarkable feats of wireless communications. To do so, this paper proposes a novel paradigm called the Internet of autonomous vehicles (IoAV). We begin painting the picture of IoAV by discussing the salient features, and applications of IoAV which is followed by a detailed discussion on the key enabling technologies. Next, we describe the proposed layered architecture of IoAV and uncover some critical functions of each layer. This is followed by the performance evaluation of IoAV which shows significant advantage of the proposed architecture in terms of transmission time and energy consumption. Finally, to best capture the benefits of IoAV, we enumerate some social and technological challenges and explain how some unresolved issues can disrupt the widespread use of autonomous vehicles in the future. Index Terms Autonomous vehicles, Autonomy, Internet of autonomous vehicles (IoAV), Technological challenges I. INTRODUCTION The development of the automotive landscape in the coming years will be significantly influenced by the global political and economic conditions. The idea of sustainability against the background of dwindling and rapidly increasing supplies of fossil fuels will also be consolidated on a global scale [1].
    [Show full text]
  • The Drivers and Benefits of Edge Computing
    The Drivers and Benefits of Edge Computing White Paper 226 Revision 0 by Steven Carlini Executive summary Internet use is trending towards bandwidth-intensive content and an increasing number of attached “things”. At the same time, mobile telecom networks and data networks are converging into a cloud computing architecture. To support needs today and tomorrow, computing power and storage is being inserted out on the network edge in order to lower data transport time and increase availability. Edge computing brings bandwidth-intensive content and latency-sensitive applications closer to the user or data source. This white paper explains the drivers of edge computing and explores the various types of edge computing available. RATE THIS PAPER by Schneider Electric White Papers are now part of the Schneider Electric white paper library produced by Schneider Electric’s Data Center Science Center [email protected] The Drivers and Benefits of Edge Computing Edge computing places data acquisition and control functions, storage of high bandwidth Edge content, and applications closer to the end user. It is inserted into a logical end point of a computing network (Internet or private network), as part of a larger cloud computing architecture. defined On-premise application Applications Service Edge Computing Figure 1 Applications Database Service IoT Basic diagram of cloud Applications Service computing with edge aggregation and control Edge Computing devices Cloud Applications Service Edge Computing High bandwidth content There are three primary applications of Edge Computing we will discuss in this white paper. 1. A tool to gather massive information from local “things” as an aggregation and control point.
    [Show full text]