MIDDLE FLIGHT SSM JOURNAL of ENGLISH LITERATURE and CULTURE a National Level Peer Reviewed Journal Vol

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

MIDDLE FLIGHT SSM JOURNAL of ENGLISH LITERATURE and CULTURE a National Level Peer Reviewed Journal Vol ISSN 2319 – 7684 MIDDLE FLIGHT SSM JOURNAL OF ENGLISH LITERATURE AND CULTURE A National Level Peer Reviewed Journal Vol. 3 No. 1 November 2014 SPECIAL VOLUME: British Literature ISSN 2319 – 7684 MIDDLE FLIGHT SSM JOURNAL OF ENGLISH LITERATURE AND CULTURE A National Level Peer Reviewed Journal SPECIAL VOLUME: British Literature DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH S. S. MAHAVIDYALAYA KESHPUR, PASCHIM MEDINIPUR PIN: 721150, WEST BENGAL, INDIA Vol.3 November 2014 No.1 MIDDLE FLIGHT JOURNAL OF ENGLISH LITERATURE AND CULTURE A National Level Peer Reviewed Journal Editorial Board: Bill Ashcroft, Australian Professorial Fellow, School of the Arts and Media, UNSW, Sydney Krishna Sen , Professor , University of Calcutta (Retd.) Tirthankar Das Purkayastha, Professor, Vidyasagar University Sankar Prasad Singha, Professor, Vidyasagar University Mahadev Kunderi, Professor, Mysore University Binda Sharma, Associate Professor, C.M.D. College (PG) Satyaki Pal , Associate Professor, R. K. M. Residential College (Autonomous), Narendrapur (PG) Goutam Buddha Sural , Associate Professor, Bankura Christian College (PG) Jaydeep Sarangi, Associate Professor, Jogesh Chandra College Sudhir Nikam, Associate Professor, B. N. N. College (PG) Dinesh Panwar, Assistant Professor, University of Delhi Advisory Board: Jawaharlal Handoo, Professor, Tezpur University (Retd.) & President, Indian Folklore Congress Parbati Charan Chakraborty , Professor, The University of Burdwan (Retd.) B. Parvati, Professor, Andhra University Angshuman Kar, Associate Professor, The University of Burdwan Simi Malhotra, Professor, Jamia Millia Islamia University Shreya Bhattacharji, Associate Professor, Central University of Jharkhand Ujjwal Jana, Assistant Professor, Pondicherry University Subhajit Sengupta, Assistant Professor, Vidyasagar University Editor: Debdas Roy [email protected] Published: November, 2014 ISSN: 2319 – 7684 Published byDepartment of English, S. S. Mahavidyalaya Keshpur, Paschim Medinipur, Pin: 721150 Ph: 03227-250861, Mail: [email protected] © S. S. Mahavidyalaya Price: India:Rs.300.00 Overseas: $ 30 Editorial Notwithstanding the craze among a section of students in Indian universities and colleges to pursue English literature (by which the majority understand British Literature) as their course of study more from a sense of expediency than out of genuine interest, there has been, during the last decades, a shift from the ‘British’ to the ‘Non-British’, thanks to the overseas forces at play. The paradox of English studies in Indian colleges and Universities is that after their masters, research aspirants quarantine themselves against those writers on whom they thrived. What a ‘reversal’ in the ‘fortune’ of Chaucer, Shakespeare, Donne and others! The number of scholars undertaking research in British Literature has dropped dramatically. Keeping in mind the pressing ‘demand’ of the academic community, attempts have been made to dismember the university curriculum with a view to replacing some ‘dated foreign products’ with the ‘latest indigenous marketable’ ones, resulting in the reduction of the British literature to bare essentials. Restructuring of the canon is a kind of pruning which may result in significant growth and branching, but unchecked denudation of the boughs of the mother stock may lead to the death of the main trunk. That there is a middle ground between the poles – puritanical recoiling at the mention of the word colonial on the one hand and doting upon the postcolonial on the other – has been hinted at, in an essay included here, by Professor Purkayastha who, while lauding the “histrionically charged readings of the plays of Shakespeare” by some legendary teachers, has looked towards the “post-colonial adaptations/re-workings” of the immortal bard. While commenting upon the use of the word “romantic” in a variety of cultural contexts Professor Singha has discussed the “divergent echoes inhabiting the garden of romantic literature”. What’s wrong if there be ‘divergent’ notes and ‘remixes’ in ‘our’ concert of English literature studies too? Another site of reconciliation is the study of the relationships between man and nature touched upon in this volume by Kaustav Chanda. By establishing a link between Arnold’s “Empedocles on Etna” and the Bhagavad Gita Parneet Jaggi has well argued that “an Empedoclean with a painful awareness of ennui” may find solace from oriental philosophy enshrined in the Bhagavad Gita . Sourav Pal has rightly undertaken an enquiry as to whether the fictional world of Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty-Four may “have any relevance to the world we live in”. All the papers included here excepting those of Professor Purkayastha and Professor Singha, the inclusion of which is the privilege of the editor, have been duly referred to and recommended by our esteemed reviewers. The launching of the third volume of Middle Flight would hardly be possible without the unstinted support from all concerned. Documentation has not been impeccably uniform. Some of our reviewers accepted some well-written but differently documented papers and it has been our principle to honour their decision. Congrats to all concerned for making the publication of the journal possible. CONTENTS Tirthankar Das Purkayastha Shakespeare and Our Pedagogical Practices Bipasha Majumder (De) A Green Reading of Shakespeare’s As You Like It Debdas Roy Donne’s Third Satire: A Re-reading Shivika Mathur Political Contours in Godwin’s Enquiry Concerning Political Justice Subrata Sahoo Mapping of Individual Perception onto Physical Geography: A Reading of Blake’s “London” Sankar Prasad Singha Other Echoes Inhabit the Garden: Re-reading Nineteenth Century British Romantic Poetry Joyjit Ghosh Re-reading “The Rime of the Ancient Mariner” as a ‘human tale’ Srabanti Mukherjee Gendered Politics of Gaze in Browning’s ‘My Last Duchess’ Deblina Hazra ‘Elegant Economy’: A Study of Old Age and Economic Agency in Elizabeth Gaskell’s Cranford Shramana Das Purkayastha Finding the “Divinely Human”: Humanitarian Intimacy and the Crisis of Faith in George Eliot’s Silas Marner Jayanta Mukherjee The Moral Dilemma of Maggie Tulliver in George Eliot’s The Mill on the Floss: A Critical Study AninditaBhaumik Representation of Same-Sex bonds in Wilkie Collins’s Three Major novels Parneet Jaggi Matthew Arnold’s ‘Empedocles on Etna’ and the Bhagavad Gita Purnima Chakraborti Sherlock Holmes: The Myth Reworked Sudip Kumar Das Memory and Writing: A Study of Hardy’s ‘Poems of 1912-13’ Bidisha Mukherjee Playboy and Patriarchy: Reprtesentations of Authority and Resistance in J. M. Synge’s The Playboy of the Western World Samit Kr. Maiti Conrad’s Heart of Darkness: An Apocalyptic Voyage of Self-discovery through Psychic Explorations Maitrayee Misra The Inseparable Shadow: Depiction of Death in Katherine Mansfield’s ‘The Garden Party’ and ‘The Fly’ Sourav Pal Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty-Four: No Concern for Us? Asis De & Soumen Chatterjee Need the Mask of the ‘Man’? : Exploding Masculinity in Virginia Woolf’s To the Lighthouse Hasina Wahida Multiple Voices in T.S. Eliot’s “The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock”: A Bakhtinian Reading Basudeb Chakrabarti Identity in Harold Pinter: An Existentialist Exploration of Deborah’s Trauma in A Kind of Alaska Soumya Mukherjee Fear: A Major Catalyst in Pinter’s ‘The Birthday Party’ Kaustav Chanda Environment in Literature: An Ecocritical Reading of Kenneth Anderson’s Jungle Lore Rina Rajbanshi Ageing, Memory and Self-delusion: An Analysis of Julian Barnes’s The Sense of an Ending Contributors Professor (Dr.) Tirthankar Das Purkayastha, Professor of English, Vidyasagar University & a poet of eminence Bipasha Majumder (De), Assistant Professor & Head, Department of English, Debra T.S.K.S. Dr. Debdas Roy Assistant Professor & Head, Department of English, S. S. Mahavidyalaya Shivika Mathur , Assistant Professor of English, University of Delhi Subrata Sahoo, Assistant Professor of English, Contai P. K. College Professor (Dr.) Sankar Prasad Singha, Professor of English, Vidyasagar University Dr. Joyjit Ghosh, Assistant Professor of English, Vidyasagar University Srabanti Mukherjee , Guest Lecturer in English , Hetampur Krishna Chandra College & M. Phil. Research Scholar, The University of Burdwan Deblina Hazra, M. Phil. Research Scholar in English, Jadavpur University Shramana Das Purkayastha, Guest Lecturer in English, Vijaygarh Jyotish Ray College Dr. Jayanta Mukherjee, Associate Professor & Head, Dept. of English, Belda College Anindita Bhaumik, Assistant Professor of English, Panskura Banamali College Dr. Mrs. Parneet Jaggi, Lecturer in English, Dr. Bhim Rao Ambedkar Government College, Rajasthan and a poet of eminence Dr. Purnima Chakraborti, Assistant Professor of English, Vidyasagar College, Kolkata Sudip Kumar Das, Associate Professor & Head, Dept. of English, Hijli College Bidisha Mukherjee, Ph. D. Research Scholar, Vidyasagar University Samit Kr. Maiti, Assistant Professor and Head, Dept. of English, Seva Bharati Mahavidyalaya Maitrayee Misra, Ph. D. Research Scholar, Guru Ghasidas Central University Sourav Pal, Assistant Professor and Head, Dept. of English, Gourav Guin Memorial College Asis De, Assistant Professor & Head, Dept. of English, Mahishadal Raj College Soumen Chatterjee, Guest Teacher in English, Mahishadal Raj College Hasina Wahida, Ph. D. Research Scholar in English, The University of Burdwan Basudeb Chakrabarti, Assistant Professor & Head, Dept. of English, Jangipur College Soumya Sundar Mukherjee, Ph. D. Research Scholar in English, Vidyasagar University
Recommended publications
  • Edmund Blunden
    Edmund Blunden: An Inventory of His Papers at the Harry Ransom Center Descriptive Summary Creator: Blunden, Edmund, 1896-1974 Title: Edmund Blunden Papers Dates: 1909-1970, undated Extent: 95 boxes (39.90 linear feet), 10 galley folders (gf), 7 oversize folders (osf) Abstract: World War I British poet and English professor Edmund Blunden’s papers consist almost entirely of materials acquired from him during his lifetime. Nearly all of Blunden’s poetry, fiction, and nonfiction is represented in the Works series. Among the most extensive correspondences are those of fellow poet Siegfried Sassoon, publisher Rupert Hart-Davis, second wife Sylva Norman, and literary agent A. D. Peters. Four indexes (for Works, Letters, Recipients, and Miscellaneous) follow the Container List and provide more detailed access to the contents of these papers. Call Number: Manuscript Collection MS-0426 Language: The bulk of the collection is in English , with some materials in Chinese, French, German, Japanese, Spanish, and Welsh. Access: Open for research. Researchers must create an online Research Account and agree to the Materials Use Policy before using archival materials. Use Policies: Ransom Center collections may contain material with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations. Researchers are advised that the disclosure of certain information pertaining to identifiable living individuals represented in the collections without the consent of those individuals may have legal ramifications (e.g., a cause of action under common law for invasion of privacy may arise if facts concerning an individual's private life are published that would be deemed highly offensive to a reasonable person) for which the Ransom Center and The University of Texas at Austin assume no responsibility.
    [Show full text]
  • MA Ritgerð Sign Language
    MA ritgerð Víkinga – og miðaldafræðum Sign Language Mjöllnir artefacts as nonverbal communication: a sociological persepective. Campbell Grade Anita Sauckel júní 2019 Háskóli Íslands Hugvísindasvið Víkinga- og miðaldafræðum Sign Language Mjöllnir artefacts as nonverbal communication: a sociological perspective. Ritgerð til M.A.-prófs í víkinga- og miðaldafræðum Campbell Grade Kt.: 280895-3509 Leiðbeinandi: Anita Sauckel júni 2019 Ágrip Þorshamrar eru frekar venjulegir smíðisgripir frá Skandinavíu á víkingaöld. Á sama tíma voru að vísu líka kristilegir krossar til, sem að þessu leyti hefur haft áhrif á túlkun þorshamrana. Þessi ritgerð ætlar að efla notkun félagsfræðilegra kenninga í rannsókn á Þorshömrum, en markmið með því er að auka innsýn okkar inn í hlutverk skartgripa í samfélaginu á víkingaöld. Notaðar verður m. a. kenningar symbolic captial og impression management, en einnig verður rætt um dýrkun Þórs í samhengi við Mjölni, og þá verður líka tekið tillit til rannsóknar í fornleifafræði. Skoðun mín er í stuttu máli sú að þessir skartgripir snéru sér ekki til þeirra sem báru þá, heldur til annarra persóna í samfélaginu sem voru í samskipti við eigendur slíkra hamra. 1 Abstract Mjöllnir pendants and rings are common artefacts from Viking Age Scandinavia, but which also overlap with the creation of Christian crosses in the same areas which therefore have influenced the interpretation of the function of the Mjöllnir emulations. I would like to propose that sociology could offer insight into their function during this period as well as the relationship between material culture and social structure. I use a combination of several sociological theories including impression management and symbolic capital to explain the motivations behind the miniature hammers.
    [Show full text]
  • Mary Lago Collection Scope and Content Note
    Special Collections 401 Ellis Library Columbia, MO 65201 (573) 882-0076 & Rare Books [email protected] University of Missouri Libraries http://library.missouri.edu/specialcollections/ Mary Lago Collection Scope and Content Note The massive correspondence of E. M. Forster, which Professor Lago gathered from archives all over the world, is one of the prominent features of the collection, with over 15,000 letters. It was assembled in preparation for an edition of selected letters that she edited in collaboration with P. N. Furbank, Forster’s authorized biographer. A similar archive of Forster letters has been deposited in King’s College. The collection also includes copies of the correspondence of William Rothenstein, Edward John Thompson, Max Beerbohm, Rabindranath Tagore, Edward Burne-Jones, D.S. MacColl, Christiana Herringham, and Arthur Henry Fox-Strangways. These materials were also gathered by her in preparation for subsequent books. In addition, the collection contains Lago’s extensive personal and professional correspondence, including correspondence with Buddhadeva Bose, Penelope Fitzgerald, P.N. Furbank, Dilys Hamlett, Krishna Kripalani, Celia Rooke, Stella Rhys, Satyajit Ray, Amitendranath Tagore, E.P. Thompson, Lance Thirkell, Pratima Tagore, John Rothenstein and his family, Eric and Nancy Crozier, Michael Holroyd, Margaret Drabble, Santha Rama Rau, Hsiao Ch’ien, Ted Uppmann, Edith Weiss-Mann, Arthur Mendel, Zia Moyheddin and numerous others. The collection is supplemented by extensive files related to each of her books, proof copies of these books, and files related to her academic career, honors, awards, and memorabilia. Personal material includes her journals and diaries that depict the tenuous position of a woman in the male-dominated profession of the early seventies.
    [Show full text]
  • HAMLET by Christopher Marlowe and William Shakespeare
    Special 400th Anniversary Wheaten Garland Edition HAMLET By Christopher Marlowe and William Shakespeare Edited by Alex Jack Vol. 1: The Play “As peace should still her wheaten garland wear” —Hamlet 5.2.44 Amber Waves Becket, Massachusetts www.shakespeareandmarlowe.com Hamlet By Christopher Marlowe and William Shakespeare © 2005 by Alex Jack All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. First Edition. For further information on special sales, mail-order sales, wholesale or retail distri- bution, translations, foreign rights, and performance rights, contact the publisher: Amberwaves, P.O. Box 487, Becket, Massachusetts 01223, USA • SAN 256–4254 • Tel (413) 623-0012 • Fax (413) 623-6042 • www.amberwaves.org • [email protected] Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Shakespeare, William, 1564–1616. Hamlet / by Christopher Marlowe and William Shakespeare; edited by Alex Jack. — Special 400th anniversary Wheaten Garland ed. v. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. CONTENTS: v. 1. The play — v. 2. History and commentary. LCCN 2005920537 ISBN 0-9708913–5–0 (v. 1) ISBN 0-9708913–6–9 (v. 2) 1. Hamlet (Legendary character)—Drama. 2. Kings and rulers—Succession—Drama. 3. Murder victims’ families —Drama. 4. Fathers—Death—Drama. 5. Revenge—Drama. 6. Denmark—Drama. 7. Princes—Drama. 8. Tragedies. 9. Marlowe, Christopher, 1564–1593. 10. Shakespeare, William, 1564–1616. Hamlet. 11. Marlowe, Christopher, 1564–1593—Authorship—Collaboration. 12. Shakespeare, William, 1564–1616—Authorship—Collaboration. I. Marlowe, Christopher, 1564–1593. II. Jack, Alex, 1945– III. Title. PR2807.A2J33 2005 822.3'3 QBI05-200022 Front Cover: From the putative portrait of Marlowe, © Corpus Christi College, Cambridge, England, reprinted with permission.
    [Show full text]
  • Saxo Grammaticus
    THE DANISH HISTORY, BOOKS I-IX by Saxo Grammaticus ("Saxo the Learned") fl. Late 12th - Early 13th Century A.D. Produced by Douglas B. Killings and David Widger PREPARER'S NOTE: Originally written in Latin in the early years of the 13th Century A.D. by the Danish historian Saxo, of whom little is known except his name. The text of this edition is based on that published as "The Nine Books of the Danish History of Saxo Grammaticus", translated by Oliver Elton (Norroena Society, New York, 1905). This edition is in the PUBLIC DOMAIN in the United States. This electronic edition was edited, proofed, and prepared by Douglas B. Killings. The preparer would like to thank Mr. James W. Marchand and Mr. Jessie D. Hurlbut for their invaluable assistance in the production of this electronic text. Thank you. I am indebted to you both. Although Saxo wrote 16 books of his "Danish History", only the first nine were ever translated by Mr. Oliver Elton; it is these nine books that are here included. As far as the preparer knows, there is (unfortunately) no public domain English translation of Books X-XVI. Those interested in the latter books should search for the translation mentioned below. Contents SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY: INTRODUCTION. THE DANISH HISTORY OF SAXO GRAMMATICUS. SAXO'S POSITION. LIFE OF SAXO. PREFACE. THE HISTORY. BOOK ONE. HISTORY OF THE WORK. BOOK TWO THE MSS. BOOK THREE SAXO AS A WRITER. BOOK FOUR. FOLK LORE INDEX. BOOK FIVE. POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS. BOOK SIX CUSTOMARY LAW. BOOK SEVEN STATUTE LAWS. BOOK EIGHT. WAR.
    [Show full text]
  • John Buchan's Uncollected Journalism a Critical And
    JOHN BUCHAN’S UNCOLLECTED JOURNALISM A CRITICAL AND BIBLIOGRAPHIC INVESTIGATION APPENDIX ANNOTATED ARTICLES APPENDIX ANNOTATED ARTICLES CONTENTS INTRODUCTION………………………………………………………………………………………… 1 ARTICLE 1: ‘Robert Louis Stevenson’……………………………………………………...... 7 ARTICLE 2: ‘Nonconformity in Literature’…………………………………………………. 15 ARTICLE 3: ‘The National “Malaise”’…………………………………………………………. 22 ARTICLE 4: ‘The Celtic Spirit in Literature’………………………………………………… 28 ARTICLE 5: ‘An Imperial Club for London’…………………………………………………. 32 ARTICLE 6: ‘The Glamour of High Altitudes’……………………………………………… 36 ARTICLE 7: ‘The Life of the Kaffir’……………………………………………………………… 41 ARTICLE 8: ‘The Practical Mystic’……………………………………………………………… 47 ARTICLE 9: ‘Sir Richard Burton’………………………………………………………………… 52 ARTICLE 10: ‘The Urban Sentiment’…………………………………………………………. 58 ARTICLE 11: ‘Local Colour’……………………………………………………………………….. 63 ARTICLE 12: ‘History and Life’………………………………………………………………….. 68 ARTICLE 13: ‘George Meredith’……………………………………………………………….. 73 ARTICLE 14: ‘The Poetics of Aristotle’………………………………………………………. 80 ARTICLE 15: ‘Greek Religion and Modern Folk-Lore’……………………………….. 86 ARTICLE 16: ‘The Foundations of the Nineteenth Century’………………………. 92 ARTICLE 17: ‘African Secret History’………………………………………………………… 98 ARTICLE 18: ‘Montrose’………………………………………………………………………….. 105 ARTICLE 19: ‘Ypres To-day’……………………………………………………………………… 112 ARTICLE 20: ‘A New Defence of Poetry’………………………………………………….. 119 ARTICLE 21: ‘This Freedom’……………………………………………………………………. 125 ARTICLE 22: ‘Adventure Stories: From Defoe to Stevenson’………………….
    [Show full text]
  • To Rede to Rown
    SVANTE NORR To Rede and to Rown (w) DDigitaligital Decennial Edition 1998-2008 OPIA 17 Published with grants from The Bank of Sweden Tercentenary Foundation Abstract Norr, S., 1998. To Rede and to Rown. Expressions of Early Scandinavian Kingship in Written Sources. Occasional Papers in Archaeology 17. Uppsala, 253 pp., 4 plates. Mono- graph, ISSN 1100-6358, ISBN 91-506-1277-8. The subject of this thesis is early Scandinavian kingship, and the analysis is based on a number of written sources and runic inscriptions. A study of early Germanic kingship focuses primarily on the development of Gothic kingship from the fourth to the sixth century. The royal attributes expressed in kennings and heiti in Ynglingatal are analysed, showing that the poem presents the development of kingship as a process in four stages. The dating of this work and its style of composition is also discussed. A study of the chapters in Ynglinga saga which deal with King Ingiald illráði examines the role of coun- sel, the political structure of the Svear and high kingship as a structural problem. Vita Anskarii is analysed with particular emphasis on the interaction between kings, noblemen and the ‘people’ in political decision-making. Finally, the associations between kings and runes are discussed, and the inscription of the Sparlösa stone is reinterpreted as a monument over a royal succession. Keywords: kingship, historical analogy, textual archaeology, written sources, counsel, rune © Svante Norr ISSN 1100-6358 ISBN 91-506-1277-8 Editor of digital decennial edition
    [Show full text]
  • Download (15Mb)
    University of Warwick institutional repository: http://go.warwick.ac.uk/wrap A Thesis Submitted for the Degree of PhD at the University of Warwick http://go.warwick.ac.uk/wrap/66883 This thesis is made available online and is protected by original copyright. Please scroll down to view the document itself. Please refer to the repository record for this item for information to help you to cite it. Our policy information is available from the repository home page. A passage to imprisonment The British prisoners of war in Verdun under the First French Empire Elodie Marie Duché A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History University of Warwick, Department of History SEPTEMBER 2014 Contents List of illustrations i List of tables iii Abbreviations iv Acknowledgments v Declaration vi i Abstract vi ii Note to the reader ix INTRODUCTION A passage to imprisonment Page 1 1 A PLACE ABROAD 32 The ‘motley assemblage’ of captivity The oddity of a place 34 Dwelling-in-travelling 40 A ‘wooden world’ ashore 57 Unstable places 67 Conclusion 74 2 VOLUNTARY CAPTIVES ? 75 Women and gender in detention The ‘social politics’ of female hostages and followers 77 The correspondent: ‘weak ties’ and the power of the 94 written word Female embodiments: captive daughters and fictional 103 women Conclusion 105 3 CHARITABLE CONNECTIONS 107 Transnational financial networks and captive relief A ‘treatment’ 110 Verdun and the Royal Exchange 116 ‘Proposita philanthropica’: secular local subscriptions 124 An act of
    [Show full text]
  • Page 427-438 Works Cited
    WORKS CITED PRO = Public Records Office MS or MSS = Manuscript(s) EDITIONS OF HAMLET Amleth, Prince of Denmark (The Viking Hamlet) Saxo Grammaticus, “Amleth, Prince of Denmark,” The Danish History of Saxo Grammaticus (Gesta Danorum). ca. 1185. Trans. Oliver Elton. 1894. Ed. D. L. Ashliman. 1977. <www.pitt.edu/~dash/amleth/html>. --------- “Amleth, Prince of Denmark,” Historica Danica, vols. 3, 4. ca. 12th c. London: 1514. Trans. Oliver Elton, The Sources of Hamlet. Ed. Israel Gollancz. 1926. New York: Octagon Books, 1967. Der Bestrafte Brudermord (“Fratricide Punished,” The German Hamlet) Der Bestrafte Brudermord oder Prinz Hamlet aus Dannemark. 1710. Trans. Horace Howard Furness. A New Variorum Edition of Shakespeare: Hamlet. vol. 2. 1877. Archer, Georgina, “Tragedy of Fratricide punished, or Prince Hamlet of Denmark, acted in Germany about the year 1603 by English Players,” Shakespeare in Germany. Ed. Albert Cohn. Berlin: 1864. New York: Haskell House, 1971. [Dual German-English translation] Tragoedia Der Brudermord oder Prinz Hamlet aus Dannemark. 1710; Trans. Clifford Stetner. 2003. Columbia University. <www.columbia.edu/search>. The Hystorie of Hamblet (The French Hamlet) Belleforest, François de. “The Hystorie of Hamblet, Prince of Denmarke,” Histories Tragiques, vol. 5. 1582. Trans. anonymous. London: 1608. The Tragicall History of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark (The Shakespearean Hamlets: Q1, Q2, F) The Enfolded Hamlet. Ed. Bernice Kliman. <www.globallanguage.com/enfolded. html> [online edition includes F, Q2, and F and Q2 together] Foster, Maxwell E. The Play Behind the Play: Hamlet and Quarto One. Ed. Anne Shiras. Portsmouth, N.H.: Heinemann, 1998. [includes facsimile of Q1] Hamlet. Ed. G. L. Kittredge.
    [Show full text]
  • The Hamlet Mythos 103
    THE HAMLET MYTHOS 103 The Hamlet Mythos Christopher L. Bailey Faculty Sponsor: Shelley Sinclair, Department of History ABSTRACT In the twelfth century, an obscure historian named Saxo Grammaticus recounted the tale of “Amleth.” That Shakespeare later borrowed the idea for his Hamlet from Saxo is not in dispute. What is intriguing to scholars, however, is the origin of Saxo’s noble Dane. Thus the focus of my research is an investigation into whether Amleth is an actual historical figure or simply a literary construct. Histories and legends from various parts of Europe include characters with elements similar to Saxo’s protagonist; however, no one character embodies all the elements that form the essence of Amleth. After critical analysis of primary sources from Scandinavia, England, Ireland and the Mediterranean region, it is my conclusion that Amleth is an amalgamation of both history and legend—that the historical character of Anlaf Cuaran, tenth century Danish conqueror of parts of Britain and Ireland, begins to be associated with legendary figures from the classical world and, through Saxo, is reborn as Amleth, heroic Fool of Denmark. This research is important not only for illuminating the origins of the renowned dramatic figure, but also for its contribu- tions to the historiography of medieval Europe. INTRODUCTION “To be, or not to be, that is the question...”1 With this line, William Shakespeare immortalized a character whose life and death become consumed by vengeance for the death of his father. Despite voluminous texts attest- ing to Hamlet’s literary value, the Hamlet mythos (that is, the origin of the Hamlet character) remains enshrouded in mystery.
    [Show full text]