DOCSLIB.ORG

NATIONAL ELK Mr. Lurib January-April 1963 Mro Frmson

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
NATIONAL ELK Mr. Lurib January-April 1963 Mro Frmson NARRATIVE SEPDI.T BOUTBKJ SLIP NATIONAL ELK January-April 1963 Cmp!JS OFFICES Mr, Gillett Mr. Ackerknecht Mra Fftnaanich Mr. Goldmn WnJBLIFE MNACCTHNTs Mr. Bankc Mr. Stiles RESOURCE MANAggMENT; IlTo Morley Mr* Stollberg Mr. Lurib OPERATIONS; Mr« Hmenecke Mr, E^gan HJBLIC! USE: Mr. DuMont Mro Frmson PLANNING; Mr, Hickok ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICESs Miss Baimi table of contents X • GEWiiiiiAL A, Weather Conditions page 1 B. Habitat Conditions Page 1 II. WILDLIFE A, I-Iigratory Birds Page 2 B. Ducks Page 2 G. Canada Geese Page 2 D. Upland Game Birds Page 2 B. Big Game Animals Page 3 F. Fur Animals, Predators, Hodents & other Mammals Page 4 G. Hawks, Eagles, Owls, Crows, Havens & Magpies Page p H. Other Birds Page 6 III. HEFUGE DEVELOPiiEHT AND MIHTEHMGE A. Physical Development Page 6 B. Plantings Page B iv. ruioouhce iiai^agepent A. Grazing Page 8 v. field investigations O'd applied RESLIiGH A. Disease Page 8 VI. PUBLIC RELATIONS A. Recreational Use Page 9 B. Refuge Visitors Page 9 G. Refuge Participation Page 10 VII. ITEMS OF INTEREST Page 11 PERSONNEL Robert L. Means Refuge Manager Willard E. Blanchard Assistant Refuge Manager William Sperl Foreman III Maintenance Nels T. Je Winters Foreman II Maintenance James W. Flower Mechanic Wesley W. Goetz Maintenance Kenneth K. Leavitt Maintenance Allan G. Steed Maintenance Barbara C. Tarver Clerk-Typist Temporary Donald R. Taylor Maintenanceraan WAE Allen E. Beck Maintenanceman WAE Paul L. Luton Laborer Kenneth L. Carlson Laborer Harold W. McClary Laborer Duane V. Wright Laborer national elk kefug® January, February, ^b, April 1963 x. gi^iiiii ^eathar Kational Forest west of the reiu"h ^ters- q w kinnawp. i21i£ sss^|g tox EBSH, Trr—T-april ' , . ^ nn Ground ild * —'— PrecistaiiS^ — — ,, i,!0 s" -'+9 56° nuary ^ 2"59° r.u —— — rcl, 2.26, xb—" -^0 r 7,88 ' e the 20-year The 7.88 inches o! ^ l^W previous high -p 1, hi inches ®.na - /erage 01 /+*/4' f 7-32 in0heS" .nt.r it was a most eumming up completely bare ^ci'htation fell « .efube with t qO of this report, x° '0f the time. SarreW january ani above no^ ^if'an with March abi^pr^^ gave th impressi^ corapiXed dominance o ^ total morstu - Onfall, «e oame * sxr'«» -"«°m 2'26 p a 20-year record. Habitat donuiti^H-- lst Vj.lth less „ the fround on Jr,nl 13 fell on There was no ®fw°nf^'lowlands, but Uth. The 9000 head in the r - below zero xi crnwl® than /-Ouu u temperature d-L thermometers ami- ,- t ne 10th with the t'eLlt in the refuge une ^ temperature 50° ^ tsiK the Forest Headquar below zero; howcv. , -2- was a much warmer 49° below. These conditions moved many elk onto the refuge bottoms and feeding of baled hay began Monday, January 14th. There was plenty of feed available in the loose snow, but neck banding of elk was necessary in line with the Jackson Hole Cooperative Slk Study banding program. II. WILDLIFE A, Migratory Birds: Peak Trumpeter numbers during the winter period occurred February 11th with only 29 birds tallied. This is down from the 3S birds a year ago, but up from the 19 wintering birds in 1961. Supplemental feeding was done at Miller Springs from January 14th through the 30th when portions of Flat Greek began to open again and the birds moved out of the Spring. A total of 3200 surplus pounds of wheat was fed to the waterfowl concentrated in this warm open water, three-acre pool. On the last day of feeding only 7 swans were present at the Spring along with 400 ducks. B. Ducks: Waterfowl numbers peaked during the cold snap when much outside waters froze over and the local birds were forced onto the warm springs. Quacker numbers doubled during this cold weather and peaked on Miller Spring at 1360. lumbers dropped to 330 total the following week as temperatures moderated and the birds scattered. Numbers remained at this figure until mid-March when birds began migrating through. At the close- of the period, all that was left was 200, primarily Mallards, Gadwalls and Greenwinged Teal. G. Canada Geese: Canada Geese in small numbers (up to 40 birds) were present except from mid-January to mid-February. They frequented the elk feed grounds in late winter to glean kernals lost in feeding oat hay. At the close of the period several pairs were nest- building in the refuge marsh and pond developments. D. Upland Game Birds: Sagehens were scarce as usual. One flock of 17 was seen moving into the valley on March 14th. I understand that most of the Sagehens migrate south out of the valley. At least, they move off the refuge to winter. In late March, four Sage- hens showed up on the Peterson Unit. No Ruffed or Blue Grouse were seen during these winter months. -3- E. Bip, Gfame Aniiiials: Winter feeding operations got under way on January 14th and the last bale of hay for the winter season was fed out on April 5th. A total of 23,126 bales of hay were fed during the 81 day period. This years feeding operation was minor compared with a year ago when we fed 102,28? bales in a 12? day period to a maximum number of 8,222 elk. Three feed grounds were again maintained this year. The feeding was started on January 14th in connection with the banding and tagging program of the Wyoming Game and Fish Department, During the first week of feeding, 175 animals were trapped, tagged, and banded. During the entire feeding pro­ gram, a total of 521 elk were tagged and banded. This number includes 289 cows, 83 male calves, 80 female calves, 4 calves unclassified, 62 spikes and 3 bulls. All of these animals were marked with a white neck band and further adorned with a metal ear tag in each ear. In addition to the above markings, 188 of the animals were individually marked. The individual markers consisted of plastic ear tags in various combinations of red and white in various sizes and shapes and with two inch high numbers large enough to see in the field. Two classifications were held during the winter period. The count of January 3 showed 4>086 cows, 614 bulls, 3^5 spikes and 762 calves for a total of 5,827* The March 4 classification showed 4,191 cows, 1070 bulls, 531 spikes, 1,874 calves for a total of 7,666. Losses during the winter feeding operation were extremely light. Of the 22 animals tallied, eight were cows, nine bulls and five calves. Three abortions were noted and fortunately the aborted calves were picked up and forwarded to the Wyoming Game and Fish Research Lab at Laramie. Snow conditions were relatively light this winter; con­ sequently, our feeding operation varied from week to week. The open winter allowed the elk to move from refuge to forest quite frequently. Many of the biologists in the area feel that the elk have come through this winter in excellent condition due to the fact that the animals have been able to forage on the open range to a greater extent than is possible during an average year. The Game and Fish Department furnished cotton seed cake this winter for the feeding of some of the animals in the herd. This cake was distributed so that calves and the hospital herd had first choice. During the week of March 10, the bulls oegan losing their antlers and by mid-April, most of the bulls were bareheaded and -4- just a few of the splices were sporting their emblems of fertility. On March 18th, 21 head of elk were trapped and released in the Exhibition Pasture, Our herd this year consists of 7 bulls and 14 cows. At the end of the period, approximately 3*000 elk were still on tne refuge. During the fall of 1962 the hay stand on the Hitter Place was left standing. This stand is composed of smooth brome and alfalfa, covers approximately 100 acres and is on one of the major migration routes of the elk. Our intent in leaving this field standing was to determine the amount of usage this field would receive when compared with the usage on a field where the stand had been cut and roll baled. The standing crop received no usage during the fall, winter, or spring months. The ad­ jacent field, whicn was roll baled, was grazed during the three seasons• Big horn Bheep Peak numbers of Big Horn sighted on the east boundary vms 11. This observation was made during the third week in January. This compares with 36 sighted in 1962 and 26 in I960. On March 10th a young ram again took up residence on Miller Butte. This young­ ster stayed around for approximately 30 days and then moved east to Sheep Mountain. Mule Deer A siiis.ll herd of Mule Deer again spent the winter in the Miller Gap area. Twenty-nine were tallied on the 14th of Feb­ ruary for the peak count of the winter season. Antelope One lone antelope spent the winter with us, but this year our fleet-footed friend banded with the elk rather than the deer. F, Fur Animals, Predators, Rodents, and other Mammals: Coyotes A bumper infestation was expected on this four-bit-bandit, but winter conditions were sucn that he was not pushed onto the refuge. With much of the precipitation falling as rain and good crusty traveling conditions over the entire Jackson Hole Country, coyotes had the range of many square miles and their sign was exceedingly plentiful in the fresh skiffs of snow.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Transcript for Tracks in the Snow by Wong Herbert Yee (Square Fish, an Imprint of Macmillan)
    Transcript for Tracks in the Snow by Wong Herbert Yee (Square Fish, an Imprint of Macmillan) Introduction (approximately 0:00 – 5:16) Hi everyone! It's Colleen from the KU Natural History Museum, and I am so excited for today's Story Book Science. I'm so excited to read the Book Tracks in the Snow. But while we wait, Because I want to give some opportunity for folks to join us, I want to ask you a question that's related to the Book. Now, when we look at the Book cover, we see the word tracks is in the title. So what are tracks? Well, tracks are markings or impressions that animals, including humans, can leave Behind. And they leave them Behind in suBstances like snow or dirt. Alright? So, these tracks can tell us about what animals are in an area. And we can use them to identify the animals. Okay? Now, what animals do you think we can identify By their tracks? We can definitely identify animals like cottontail rabBits and mallard ducks. So I have the tracks of a cottontail rabBit and a mallard duck. So I'm going to grab those. And this is the track of a cottontail rabBit. You can see it's very oval – oops – very oval in shape. And it's very long. So this is how we can identify a cottontail rabBit, looking for this really long oval shape. So I'm going to put this down. And now, we're going to look at the track of a mallard duck.
    [Show full text]
  • Ducks Nesting in Enclosed Areas and Ducks in the Pool
    U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Ducks Nesting In Enclosed Areas and Ducks in the Pool After about 25 days of incubation, the chicks will hatch. Duck migration: The mother will lead her chicks to the water within 24 Mallards often migrate unless there is sufficient food hours after hatching. Keep children and pets away and water available throughout the year. Many from the family. migrating individuals spend their winters in the Gulf Coast and fly to the Northern U.S. and Canada in the Ducks in enclosed areas and in the pool: spring. For migrating Mallards, spring migration Your yard may be providing ducks with the ideal place begins in March. In many western states, Mallards are to build a nest. You may have vegetation and water present year-round. that provides them with resources to live and build a nest in hopes they will succeed in raising a brood. Male Mallard Tim Ludwick/USFWS Female Mallard Tim Ludwick/USFWS Territory and Breeding: Breeding season varies among individuals, locations, Here, we provide you with some suggestions when and weather. Mallards begin to defend a territory ducks have decided to make your yard a temporary about 200 yards from where the nesting takes place. home. They often defend the territory to isolate the female from other males around February-mid May. Mallards What to do to discourage nesting and swimming in build their nests between March-June and breed pools: through the beginning of August. These birds can be secretive during the breeding seasons and may nest in • When you see a pair of ducks, or a female quacking places that are not easily accessible.
    [Show full text]
  • 4-H-993-W, Wildlife Habitat Evaluation Food Flash Cards
    Purdue extension 4-H-993-W Wildlife Habitat Evaluation Food Flash Cards Authors: Natalie Carroll, Professor, Youth Development right, it goes in the “fast” pile. If it takes a little and Agricultural Education longer, put the card in the “medium” pile. And if Brian Miller, Director, Illinois–Indiana Sea Grant College the learner does not know, put the card in the “no” Program Photos by the authors, unless otherwise noted. pile. Concentrate follow-up study efforts on the “medium” and “no” piles. These flash cards can help youth learn about the foods that wildlife eat. This will help them assign THE CONTEST individual food items to the appropriate food When youth attend the WHEP Career Development categories and identify which wildlife species Event (CDE), actual food specimens—not eat those foods during the Foods Activity of the pictures—will be displayed on a table (see Wildlife Habitat Evaluation Program (WHEP) Figure 1). Participants need to identify which contest. While there may be some disagreement food category is represented by the specimen. about which wildlife eat foods from the category Participants will write this food category on the top represented by the picture, the authors feel that the of the score sheet (Scantron sheet, see Figure 2) and species listed give a good representation. then mark the appropriate boxes that represent the wildlife species which eat this category of food. The Use the following pages to make flash cards by same species are listed on the flash cards, making it cutting along the dotted lines, then fold the papers much easier for the students to learn this material.
    [Show full text]
  • Bobcats/Town Forest
    artford onservation ommission H C C The Hartford Conservation Commission (HCC) invites you to The HCC became custodians of the Hartford Town Forest enjoy a hidden jewel, the Hartford Town Forest. What makes it (HTF) in 1997. We strive to balance three forestry so special? It is one of the largest parcels of undeveloped land objectives: in Hartford and is home to numerous animals from secretive amphibians to large mammals; even wide-ranging bear and • Forest Products: to sustainably grow and harvest moose pass through the forest. trees while respecting the natural communities • WildliFe: to provide and enhance diverse habitats for The Hartford Town Forest is a 423-acre parcel that abuts the native wildlife C 142-acre Hurricane Forest Wildlife Refuge (HFWR). Both • recreation: to promote recreation that will a) parcels are almost entirely forested and collectively contain ensure all users’ safety, and b) ‘tread lightly’ on the three old reservoirs, several miles of recreational trails, seasonal forest and its wildlife and permanent streams, varied topography, and diverse wildlife This newsletter focuses on the HTF. We’ll review what the O habitats. The Parks and Recreation Commission oversees the HFWR, with its recreation and wildlife protection focus. The HCC is doing to manage the HTF and what we can all do to HCC manages the more remote Hartford Town Forest. be good stewards of this special place. N 2010 HCC EvEnts CalEndar April 17, Saturday Vernal Pool Walk, 10:00 a.m. — noon, Hartford Town Forest* April 22, Thursday Earth Day, Kim Royar (VT Fish and Wildlife) Lecture on Bobcats and the Linking Lands Alliance S presents its Wildlife Habitat Map, 7 p.m., Vermont Institute of Natural Science (VINS), Quechee April 24–May 1 Green-Up Hartford Days, green-up bags available at Municipal Office* May 1, Saturday Green-Up Day/Arbor Day Celebration, 9:00 a.m.
    [Show full text]
  • Using Predator Exclosures to Protect Ground Nests from Red Fox
    University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Wildlife Damage Management, Internet Center Human–Wildlife Interactions for 2007 Using predator exclosures to protect ground nests from red fox Ben C. West Utah State University Terry A. Messmer Utah State University Dominic C. Bachman Utah State University Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/hwi Part of the Environmental Health and Protection Commons West, Ben C.; Messmer, Terry A.; and Bachman, Dominic C., "Using predator exclosures to protect ground nests from red fox" (2007). Human–Wildlife Interactions. 136. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/hwi/136 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Wildlife Damage Management, Internet Center for at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Human–Wildlife Interactions by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Human–Wildlife Confl icts 1(1):24–26, Spring 2007 Using predator exclosures to protect ground nests from red fox BEN C. WEST, Jack H. Berryman Institute, Department of Wildland Resources, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322-5230, USA1 [email protected] TERRY A. MESSMER, Jack H. Berryman Institute, Department of Wildland Resources, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322-5230, USA DOMINIC C. BACHMAN, Jack H. Berryman Institute, Department of Wildland Resources, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322-5230, USA ABSTRACT: Nest predation often is cited as a primary cause for low recruitment and subsequent population decline of many ground-nesting bird species. In response, managers and researchers have developed a myriad of techniques to reduce rates of predation on ground nests.
    [Show full text]
  • Tribal Wildlife Grant Final Report Makah Cougar and Bobcat Research Grant: F12AP00260
    Tribal Wildlife Grant Final Report Makah Cougar and Bobcat Research Grant: F12AP00260 Prepared by: Shannon Murphie and Rob McCoy 1 INTRODUCTION Mountain lions or cougars (Puma concolor) and bobcats (Lynx rufus) are both native mammals of the family Felidae. Mountain lions are large solitary cats with the greatest range of any large wild terrestrial mammal in the Western Hemisphere (Iriarte et al. 1990). Bobcats are also solitary cats that range from southern Canada to northern Mexico, including most of the continental United States. Both species are predators and as such play a prominent role in Native American mythology and culture due to their perceived attributes such as grace, strength, eyesight, and hunting ability. Similar to other Native American Tribes, predators have played a key role in the culture and ceremonies of the Makah people. Gray wolves (Canis lupus), black bear (Ursus americanus), cougars, and bobcats all are important components of Makah culture both historically and in contemporary times. For example, black bears and gray wolves both represented important clans in Makah history. Gray wolves exhibited cooperative behavior that provided guidelines for human behavior and “Klukwalle,” or wolf ritual, was a secret society that required a 6 day initiation period (G. Arnold, personal communication). Wolf hides were also used in dance and costume regalia. Bear hides were worn by men of status (Chapman 1994) and as regalia during whale hunts (G. Ray, personal communication). Cougars and bobcats play a smaller, but still important role in Makah history and contemporary culture. During naming ceremonies a Makah name is given which best reflects an individual, often an animal such as the mountain lion is used as it represents intelligence and power.
    [Show full text]
  • 2019 Waterfowl Population Status Survey
    U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service Waterfowl Population Status, 2019 Waterfowl Population Status, 2019 August 19, 2019 In the United States the process of establishing hunting regulations for waterfowl is conducted annually. This process involves a number of scheduled meetings in which information regarding the status of waterfowl is presented to individuals within the agencies responsible for setting hunting regulations. In addition, the proposed regulations are published in the Federal Register to allow public comment. This report includes the most current breeding population and production information available for waterfowl in North America and is a result of cooperative eforts by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS), the Canadian Wildlife Service (CWS), various state and provincial conservation agencies, and private conservation organizations. In addition to providing current information on the status of populations, this report is intended to aid the development of waterfowl harvest regulations in the United States for the 2020–2021 hunting season. i Acknowledgments Waterfowl Population and Habitat Information: The information contained in this report is the result of the eforts of numerous individuals and organizations. Principal contributors include the Canadian Wildlife Service, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, state wildlife conservation agencies, provincial conservation agencies from Canada, and Direcci´on General de Conservaci´on Ecol´ogica de los Recursos Naturales, Mexico. In addition, several conservation organizations, other state and federal agencies, universities, and private individuals provided information or cooperated in survey activities. Appendix A.1 provides a list of individuals responsible for the collection and compilation of data for the “Status of Ducks” section of this report.
    [Show full text]
  • Yukon Delta National Wildlife Refuge P.O
    Yukon Delta Carved by Water Ducks are three times as numerous as geese. Greater scaup, oldsquaw, and pintail are the most abundant species while common scoter, green winged teal, National The most powerful influence of the Yukon Delta terrain mallard, and wigeon are common. Less numerous are is the scouring and building action of water. The Yukon the spectacled and common eiders whose habitat is River carves its way over 2,300 miles to the Bering Sea confined to a narrow coastal zone and the open sea. Wildlife through mountains, foothills, forestland, and tundra. Two hundred miles to the south, the Kuskokwim River also reaches the sea. A centuries-long process, the An estimated 100 million shore and waterbirds Plant Life waters of these two longest rivers in Alaska form a giant representing over 50 species use the Delta for nesting, delta between their mouths. resting, and foraging during migration. These include During the short summer the area bursts into life. There Refuge gulls, jaegars, cranes, loons, grebes, plovers, snipe, are hundreds of species of plants on the refuge, many godwits, sandpipers and the rare bristle-thighed curlew. blooming in splashes of color. Most of the land is The Nulato Hills rise abruptly from the north bank of Dense concentrations of kittiwakes and murres, lesser carpeted by a moist spongy layer of tundra. Permafrost, the Yukon River. The 1.3 million acre Andreafsky numbers of puffins, auklets, guillemots, and cormorants a layer of permanently frozen soil, lies just beneath the Wilderness is located within these hills. The wilderness are found in seabird rookeries along the rocky shores of tundra.
    [Show full text]
  • Sex-Specific Differences in Winter Distribution Patterns of Canvasbacks
    Condor, 82:4061116 @ The Cooper Ornithological Society 1980 SEX-SPECIFIC DIFFERENCES IN WINTER DISTRIBUTION PATTERNS OF CANVASBACKS JAMES D. NICHOLS AND G. MICHAEL HARAMIS ABSTRACT.-Winter band recovery distributions of North American Can- vasbacks (Aythya walisineria) suggested that males and females exhibit com- parable degrees of fidelity to general wintering areas. Of birds banded during the winter, the proportion of males was found to be higher in northern than in southern areas. Winter band recovery distributions of birds banded in particular areas during the summer were found to differ significantly between sexes, with females being recovered farther south. Factors that may have affected the evolution of sex-specific wintering distributions include: (1) pos- sible reproductive benefits derived by males who winter in the north and thus reach northerly breeding areas early; (2) sexual dimorphism in body size, which may render the smaller females especially susceptible to periods of inclement weather and food shortages; and (3) interactions between sexes in which males may control food supply when food is scarce. Two lines of evidence from field data on Canvasbacks in the Chesapeake Bay suggest the existence of competition between males and females. First, Canvasbacks trapped during winter in smaller bodies of water tended to have higher pro- portions of females and weigh less than birds trapped in large open bodies of water. Second, analysis of aerial photographs of wintering rafts of Canvas- backs showed patterns of intersexual segregation, with females being found more frequently on peripheral areas of rafts. Lack (1954, 1966) and Fretwell (1972) have ratios of North American waterfowl vary suggested that “limitation” of temperate geographically during the winter.
    [Show full text]
  • American Black Duck Facts
    U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service American Black Duck Facts Identification Male and female black ducks are similar to female mallards in appearance, but black ducks are darker overall, and have a dark tail. The male has a greenish-yellow bill, and the female’s bill is dark olive. In flight, they have a purple wing-patch on the upper-wing with no white edges. Their silvery-white under-wing linings contrast sharply with these ducks’ dark © Lang Elliot bodies. American Black Duck Life History American black ducks breed in a variety of wetland habitats, from salt marshes to beaver ponds, river islands, and boreal bogs. They winter in salt water along the coasts, but also in a variety of freshwater areas inland, like Cayuga Lake. Black ducks are dabbling ducks, tipping their bodies—head down, tail up— into shallow water to feed. They eat seeds, roots, stems, grain, aquatic © Doug Racine plants and insects, crustaceans, mollusks, and Hen Mallard Duck some small fish. Black duck nests are built on dirt mounds, hidden by vegetation, made of grass and weed stems, and lined with down. After incubation of the eggs, the male black duck does not participate in nesting. Female black ducks lay about 9 eggs, with a range of 7 to 12, and incubates them for 26 to 29 days. Nestlings leave the nest within hours of hatching and remain with their mother until they can fly, at about 60 days. Black Duck X Mallard Hybrid U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service American Black Duck Facts Migration and Wintering Black ducks are most common in the Atlantic and Mississippi flyways, with more numbers along the Atlantic coast.
    [Show full text]
  • Arctic Map.Lay
    National Wildlife Federation www.nwf.org Longnose Sucker • Brown Bear • Moose • Barren Ground Caribou • Musk-ox • Polar Bear • Wolf • Arctic Fox • Wolverine • Land Otter • Arctic Ground Squirrel • Collared Lemming • Brown Lemming • Tundra Vole • Red-throated Loon • Tundra Swan • Black Brant • Canada Goose • Mallard • American Pintail • Green-winged Teal • American Wigeon • Greater Scaup • Oldsquaw • Common Eider • King Eider • Surf Scoter • Rough-legged Hawk • Golden Eagle • Gyrfalcon • Peregrine Falcon • Merlin • Willow Ptarmigan • Rock Ptarmigan • Semipalmated Plover • Lesser Golden Plover • Black-bellied Plover • Ruddy Turnstone • Snipe • Whimbrel • Pectoral Sandpiper • Least Sandpiper Life on the Arctic Refuge’s Coastal Plain hose in favor of opening the coastal plain of the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge to oil drilling often call the region “barren,” and it can Peregrine falcon Arctic ground squirrel Long-tailed jaeger appear that way at first glance. But look again. The plain boasts the Nests on cliffs and Arctic fox Builds dens on low hills, T Feeds on eggs and river bluffs greatest wildlife diversity on Alaska’s northern coast, with denning polar Dens in coastal ridges and pingos where small birds bears, a year-round population of musk-oxen and many dozens of bird Lake trout hills, stream soils are well drained species—including vast numbers of migratory waterfowl. The refuge’s best Lives in larger lakes, banks and pingos known symbol is the 150,000-strong Porcupine caribou herd (named for a in foothills, that do not (mounds created freeze to the bottom by pressure under river), which migrates to the coastal plain every summer to feed, calve and permafrost) seek ocean breezes for relief from mosquitoes.
    [Show full text]
  • Hy – Fly Game Hatcheries
    HY – FLY GAME HATCHERIES Breeder Health Programme Presented by Alan Pearson BVM&S DPVM MRCVS. Outline of the Paper • History of the Practice • History of Hy – Fly • The Impetus for recent developments • Vaccination • Other Disease Controls • Conclusions Lanes Vet Group •Formed in 2006 by merging two existing practices •A mixed practice with 16 Vets •A total staff of over 50 people •3 sites •The business sections include •Companion Animal •Farm Animal •Avian •Export •Meat Hygiene •Teaching The Avian Section is run by Mr Pearson & Mr Thompson Who have practiced Poultry medicine for 15 years •Hy – Fly Game Hatcheries •Is the largest Game Hatchery in the UK and probably in Europe •Founded in 1963 by Mr Wilf Holden. •In 1983 Raymond [Wilf’s son] laid the foundations of the modern business • The business has grown every year and last year hatched 4.65 million birds in 18 weeks •35,000 breeding pheasants •18,000 breeding Mallard •13,000 breeding pairs of Partridge •90% of the breeding stock is home reared •The only Commercial breeder of Pure Japanese Green Pheasants in the UK Location Location Location Location Location Location Location The English System Most birds are reared from either Day Old or from 8 weeks by the Gamekeeper Birds are shot on driven shoots with the birds reared on the shoots we do not operate the ‘place to take system’ that you have in the US. Most birds from Hy-Fly leave as either Day–olds or as reared Poults Hy Fly rear up to 100,000 pheasants for replacement and reared bird sales The same system applies to both the Mallard and Partridge The Impetus There have been several factors influencing our programme to improve breeder health and they are as follows:- •Increased production per bird •Increased fertility •To improve our competitiveness •The Salmonella outbreak •To improve chick quality and robustness • A desire to be a groundbreaking business.
    [Show full text]