DOCSLIB.ORG

Collembola: Onychiuridae), with a Description of Four New Species from Caves

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Collembola: Onychiuridae), with a Description of Four New Species from Caves SYSTEMATICS Review of North American Species of the Genus Onychiurus (Collembola: Onychiuridae), With a Description of Four New Species From Caves 1 1 2 ROMUALD J. POMORSKI, MICHAŁ FURGOŁ, AND KENNETH CHRISTIANSEN Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. 102(6): 1037Ð1049 (2009) ABSTRACT The history of the genus Onychiurus is discussed. Four new Onychiurus species are described from North American caves: steinmanni and nathanieli from Colorado, reluctoides from Indiana, and furcisetosus from Virginia. Onychiurus reluctus Christiansen, 1961 is redescribed. A key for all of the known North American species is provided. KEY WORDS Collembola, Onychiurus, new species, cave The genus Onychiurus was created by Gervais in 1841 WrayÕs description is clearly erroneous in some re- with type species Podura ambulans Linnaeus. The spects and inadequate in others such that certain name has had an extremely checkered history (Ellis placement will have to await further material study. and Bellinger 1973) but became widely used by 1900 The junior author, K. C., has several additional species with many species of the genus having been described with inadequate materials to merit description. This under one or another synonym. The subgenus Prota- will be a fertile Þeld for new investigators. All of the phorura was created by Absolon in 1901 and was new species herein described come from caves. If we widely used and elevated to generic status by Stach in accept PomorskiÕs redeÞnition of Onychiurus, then 1954 (Stach 1954). In 1948 and 1949, Bagnall (1948, most the species of the genus can be distinguished 1949) created several new genera from the described from most species of the Onychiurini by having only species of these two genera and in 1954 Stach accepted nine or fewer setae in the distal tibiotarsal whorl. The most of these as valid genera, adding two more. Iron- Nearctic species are distinguished from most of the ically, in his key to the world species, Stach used only thus narrowly deÞned genus members by lacking Onychiurus sensu lato rather than any of these new male ventral organs. We found only seven species of generic names. Gisin (1952, 1960) accepts two Ony- the genus having this feature. Of these species, one, O. chiurus sensu lato taxa as subgenera: Protaphorura and aguzouensis Deharveng, 1978 is distinguished from all Oligaophorura but does not key them out separately. Nearctic species by having four pseudocelli at each In 1996, Weiner revised the genera of old Onychiurus antennal base (Deharveng 1978). A second species, O. sensu lato accepting and redeÞning most of the genera obsiones Cassagnau, 1963, has pseudocelli on the ven- created by Bagnall, Stach, and others and creating ter of the thorax (Cassagnau 1963), unlike any Nearc- several new genera. The now narrowly deÞned genus tic species. O. decemsetosus Yosii, 1966 is unlike any Onychiurus has Ͻ40 species worldwide. It is impossi- other species in having two ϩ two pseudocelli on the ble at the moment to know how many because many Þrst thoracic segment (Yosii 1966). It is possible that of the features used in the new deÞnition of the genus the loss of the male ventral organ is a troglomorphic are unknown in these species. The characteristics of feature because almost all species having this feature these redeÞned genera can be seen in the Onychiurus are either troglophile or troglobiotic. key on the Janssens and Christiansen website at All holotypes are deposited in The Museum of Com- http://www.collembola.org. parative Zoology (MCZ) at Cambridge, Harvard Uni- The genus Onychiurus, sensu Weiner (1996) and versity. The chaetotaxy terminology is that used in Pomorski (1996, 1998) is represented in North Amer- Pomorski (1998). Drawings were made using a camera ica by only one clearly described species O. reluctus lucida. (Bellinger et al. 2008). A second species, O. wilchi Wray 1950 almost certainly belongs in this genus, but Onychiurus reluctus Christiansen, 1961 the type specimens are in such poor condition and (Figs. 1Ð9) 1 Department of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Taxonomy, Zoolog- Redescription. Color white. Length (without an- ical Institute, Wrocław University, Przybyszewskiego 63/77, PL-51- tennae) of adults: holotypeÐ1.94 mm, reproductive 148 Wrocław, Poland. 2 Corresponding author: Department of Biology, Grinnell College, maleÐ1.25 mm, femalesÐ1.15Ð2.0 mm. Body shape cy- Grinnell, IA 50112-0806 (e-mail: [email protected]). lindrical with anal spines. Furca reduced to small area 0013-8746/09/1037Ð1049$04.00/0 ᭧ 2009 Entomological Society of America 1038 ANNALS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA Vol. 102, no. 6 Figs. 1–2. Onychiurus reluctus (Christiansen, 1961): (1) habitus and dorsal chaetotaxy; (2) habitus and ventral chaetotaxy. All Þgures of type specimens. of Þne granulation with 2ϩ2 setae posterior, arranged antennal segment IV in latero-external position, ap- in one row. Granulation more or less uniform, distinct, proximately one-third length from the base. Antennal somewhat coarser on terga, head capsule and around segment III with microsensillum slightly below anten- anal spines. Antennal bases marked? from head. An- nal III sense organ. Thoracic terga II and III with tennae slightly shorter than head. Antennal segment microsensilla located laterally. Antennal organ III with IV with a subapical organ, consists of two pits, from Þve guard setae, two sensory rods, two bent and which the Þrst is deep and usually ampulla like, second smooth sensory clubs and Þve papillae usually irreg- is shallow, with small sensillum. Microsensillum on ular in shape. Postantennal organ consists of 15Ð16 November 2009 POMORSKI ET AL.: REVIEW OF NORTH AMERICAN Onychiurus 1039 Figs. 3–9. Onychiurus reluctus (Christiansen, 1961): (3) antennal III sense organ with papillae and without papillae; (4) top of antennal segment IV; (5) labium, A and C thickened labial papillae; (6) postantennal organ and anterior cephalic pseudocelli; (7) macro-, meso-, and microchaetae; (8) remnant of furca; (9) tibiotarsal chaetotaxy and claw of legs III. vesicles, covered with secondary vesicles. Pseudocel- ferentiated into macro-, meso-, and microsetae. lar formula: dorsal 32/133/33353, ventral 2/000/1112; Macro and mesochaetae minutely forked at the tip subcoxae I of legs I-III with 2-2-2 pseudocelli. Formula (Fig. 7). Body sensilla cylindrical and hidden. Ab- of parapseudocelli ventrally 00/000/111003. Dorsal dominal tergum IV with one medial seta. Subcoxae chaetotaxy (Fig. 1), nearly symmetrical, well dif- with 5Ð5-5 setae. No thoracic ventral setae. Ventral 1040 ANNALS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA Vol. 102, no. 6 tube of males and females with 10ϩ10 setae. Furcula sity, paratypes will be deposited in the collection of vestigal. Claws without teeth. Empodial appendage K. C.). without basal lamella, appendage length Ϸ0.9Ð1.0 Etymology. The species name is derived from two mm inner edge of claw. Tibiotarsi IÐIII with nine Latin words “furca” and “setae”, that mark charac- distal setae. Male ventral organ absent. teristic feature showing very distinctly forked mac- Type Material. HOLOTYPE: Reproductive female ro- and mesochaetae on the dorsum and sides of (mounted on slide) USA, IA, Jackson County, Cave body. 1958, leg. K. Christiansen. Deposited MCZ. PARA- Remarks. The furcate macrochaetae distinguish this TYPES: 4 reproductive females (mounted on two species from all congeners. slides); same data as holotype. Other material: 1 reproductive male and 3 females: USA, WI, Craw- ford County, Star Valley Cave, fungus debris; May VII 1958, leg. K. Christiansen. (Deposited in collec- Onychiurus nathanieli sp. nov. tion of K.C.) (Figs. 20Ð27) Description. Color white. Length (excluding an- tennae) of adults: holotypeÐ1.16 mm, reproductive Onychiurus furcisetosus sp. nov. malesÐ1.12Ð1.16 mm, femalesÐ1.34Ð1.96 mm. Body (Figs. 10Ð19) shape cylindrical with anal spines present. Furca re- duced to small area of Þne granulation with two ϩ two Description. Color white. Length (excluding an- setae posterior, arranged in one row. Granulation of tennae) of adults: holotypeÐ2.15 mm, reproductive body more or less uniform, distinct, somewhat coarser malesÐ2.08Ð2.15 mm, reproductive femalesÐ2.2Ð2.3 on terga, head capsule and around anal spines. An- mm. Furca reduced to small concavity, granulation tennal bases marked from head. Antennae slightly smaller and sparser than on remainder of body, with ϩ shorter than head. Antennal segment IV with a sub- two two setae arranged in one row. Granulation apical organ, consisting of two pits, of which the Þrst more or less uniform, distinct, somewhat coarser on is deep and usually ampulla-like, second is shallow, terga, head capsule, and around anal spines. Antennal with small sensillum. Microsensillum on antennal seg- bases clearly marked from head. Antennae slightly ment IV in latero-external position, approximately shorter than head. Antennal segment IV with a sub- one-half length from the base. Antennal segment III apical organ, consists of two pits, from which the Þrst with microsensillum slightly below antennal III sense is deep and usually ampulla-like, second is shallow, organ. Thoracic terga II and III with microsensilla with small sensillum. Microsensillum on antennal seg- located laterally. Antennal organ III with Þve guard ment IV in latero-external position, approximately setae, two sensory rods, two bent and smooth sensory one-third length from the base. Antennal segment III clubs and Þve papillae of irregular shape (Fig. 22). with microsensillum slightly below antennal III sense organ. Thoracic terga II and III with microsensilla Postantennal organ consists of 15 vesicles, covered located laterally. Antennal organ III with Þve guard with secondary vesicles. Pseudocellar formula: dorsal setae, two sensory rods, two bent and smooth sensory 32/033/33354(3), ventral 2/000/1112; subcoxae of legs clubs and Þve papillae of regular shape (Fig. 15). I-III each with two pseudocelli. Formula of parap- Postantennal organ consists of 16Ð17 vesicles, covered seudocelli ventrally 10/000/101003. Dorsal chaetotaxy with secondary vesicles. Pseudocellar formula: dorsal (Fig.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Reviews of the Genera Schaefferia Absolon, 1900, Deuteraphorura
    TAR Terrestrial Arthropod Reviews 5 (2012) 35–85 brill.nl/tar Reviews of the genera Schaefferia Absolon, 1900, Deuteraphorura Absolon, 1901, Plutomurus Yosii, 1956 and the Anurida Laboulbène, 1865 species group without eyes, with the description of four new species of cave springtails (Collembola) from Krubera-Voronya cave, Arabika Massif, Abkhazia Rafael Jordana1, Enrique Baquero1*, Sofía Reboleira2 and Alberto Sendra3 1Department of Zoology and Ecology, University of Navarra, 31080 Pamplona, Spain e-mails: [email protected]; [email protected] *Corresponding author. 2Department of Biology, Universidade de Aveiro and CESAM Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal e-mail: [email protected] 3Museu Valencià d’Història Natural (Fundación Entomológica Torres Sala) Paseo de la Pechina 15. 46008 Valencia, Spain e-mail: [email protected] Received on November 4, 2011. Accepted on November 21, 2011 Summary Krubera-Voronya cave and other deep systems in Arabika Massif are being explored during many speleological expeditions. A recent Ibero-Russian exploration expedition (summer of 2010) took place in this cave with the aim of providing a study of the biocenosis of the deepest known cave in the world. Four new species of Collembola were found at different depths: Schaefferia profundissima n. sp., Anurida stereoodorata n. sp., Deuteraphorura kruberaensis n. sp., and Plutomurus ortobalaganensis n. sp., the last one at -1980 m deep. The identification and description of the new species have required the careful study of all congeneric species, implying a revision of each genus. As a result of this work tables and keys to all significant characters for each species are presented.
    [Show full text]
  • Onychiuridae of China: Species Versus Generic Diversity Along a Latitudinal Gradient
    85 (1) · April 2013 pp. 51–59 Onychiuridae of China: species versus generic diversity along a latitudinal gradient Xin Sun1, Louis Deharveng2*, Anne Bedos2, Donghui Wu1, Jian-Xiu Chen3 1 Key laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130012, China 2 Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, UMR7205 du CNRS, CP50, 45 rue Buffon, 75005 Paris, France 3 Department of Biological Science and Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China * Corresponding author, e-mail: [email protected] Received 01 March 2013 | Accepted 23 March 2013 Published online at www.soil-organisms.de 30 April 2013 | Printed version 30 April 2013 Abstract Our knowledge of Chinese Onychiuridae (sensu Deharveng 2004) accelerated during the five last years. From 2008, we have recorded 29 species and six genera of Onychiuridae new for China, reflecting an increase of 64 % in the number of species and 46 % in the number of genera for the country. Twenty-one of these species were new to science. Today, there are 45 described species belonging to 13 genera of Onychiuridae in China. Their diversity pattern exhibits a remarkable gradient in genus versus species diversity from southwestern China (14 species in four genera) to northeastern China (18 species in 10 genera). A checklist and a key to genera of Chinese Onychiuridae are given. Because huge regions of China remain unsampled or undersampled, and because species have narrow distribution, an increase in species number is likely to continue at the same pace in the coming years. Keywords Collembola | distribution | biodiversity patterns | checklist | identification key | taxonomy 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Diversity and Abundance of Springtails (Insecta: Collembola) in Native and Restored Tallgrass Prairies
    Am. Midl. Nat. 139:235±242 Diversity and Abundance of Springtails (Insecta: Collembola) in Native and Restored Tallgrass Prairies RAYMOND H. BRAND AND CHRISTOPHER P. DUNN The Morton Arboretum, 4100 Illinois Route 53, Lisle, Illinois 60532-1293 ABSTRACT.ÐThis study suggests that heterotrophic components of prairie ecosystems can be used with autotrophic components to assess the degree to which a restored prairie ap- proaches the biotic complexity of a native prairie. Springtails (Collembola) were collected from prairie vegetation and litter samples from 13 prairie sites (seven native and six restored) located in southwestern Michigan and northeastern Illinois. The diversity and abundance of these insects and the plant and litter biomass were compared. There were 27 different taxa of springtails in the 225 samples collected. Native prairies had the greatest species richness with 26 species. The oldest restored prairie had 17 species. Three common species were Hypogastrura boletivora, Isotoma viridis, and Lepidocyrtus pallidus. Neanura muscorum, Xenylla grisea, and Pseuduosinella rolfsi were rare. Tomocerus ¯avescens was found primarily in native prairies with only one occurrence in the oldest restored prairie in this study. Native prairies and restored prairies of 17 and 24 yr did not differ signi®cantly in numbers of springtails. Differences in springtail numbers did occur, however, between restored prairies of ,6yr and native prairies, and between younger (,6 yr) and older (17 and 26 yr) restored prairies. An analysis of plant and litter biomass indicated signi®cant differences among the prairie sites sampled. These results suggest that all components of the prairie ecosystem are useful for making restoration management decisions.
    [Show full text]
  • Collembola, Onychiuridae) with Description of a New Species from China
    A peer-reviewed open-access journal ZooKeys 78: 27–41 (2011) Allonychiurus (Collembola: Onychiuridae) 27 doi: 10.3897/zookeys.78.977 RESEARCH ARTICLE www.zookeys.org Launched to accelerate biodiversity research Redefinition of the genus Allonychiurus Yoshii, 1995 (Collembola, Onychiuridae) with description of a new species from China Xin Sun1,2,†, Jian-Xiu Chen1,‡, Louis Deharveng2,§ 1 Department of Biological Science and Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P.R. China 2 Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, UMR7205 du CNRS, CP50, 45, rue Buff on, 75005 Paris, France † urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:2E68A57F-2AE1-45F3-98B2-EEF252590DC3 ‡ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:80E5F786-E8DA-44BA-AABF-91A196480B5F § urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:E777E18C-47CB-4967-9634-6F93FD9741A7 Corresponding author : Louis Deharveng ( [email protected] ) Guest editor: Wanda Maria Weiner | Received 5 September 2010 | Accepted 17 January 2011 | Published 28 January 2011 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:D489679D-D571-447A-AE12-A5DA158F9E7E Citation: Sun X, Chen J-X, Deharveng L (2011) Redefi nition of the genus Allonychiurus Yoshii, 1995 (Collembola, Onychiuridae) with description of a new species from China. ZooKeys 78 : 27 – 41 . doi: 10.3897/zookeys.78.977 Abstract In this paper, we describe a new species of the genus Allonychiurus Yoshii, 1995, characterized by the presence of an apical swelling on the fourth antennal segment as well as a combination of chaetotaxic and pseudocellar characters. Th e genus Allonychiurus is redefi ned. Four of its species are considered as incertae sedis: A. michelbacheri (Bagnall, 1948), A. spinosus (Bagnall, 1949), A. caprariae (Dallai, 1969) and A. sensitivus (Handschin, 1928). Th e three species A.
    [Show full text]
  • Collembola: Onychiuridae)
    Unusually low genetic divergence at COI barcode locus between two species of intertidal Thalassaphorura (Collembola: Onychiuridae) Xin Sun1,2, Anne Bedos3 and Louis Deharveng3 1 Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China 2 J.F. Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology, University of Go¨ttingen, Go¨ttingen, Germany 3 Institut de Syste´matique, Evolution, Biodiversite´, ISYEB—UMR 7205—CNRS, MNHN, UPMC, EPHE, Sorbonne Universite´s, Museum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, France ABSTRACT Species classification is challenging when taxa display limited morphological differences. In this paper, we combined morphology and DNA barcode data to investigate the complicated taxonomy of two Onychiurid Collembolan species. Thalassaphorura thalassophila and Thalassaphorura debilis are among the most common arthropod species in intertidal ecosystems and are often considered to be synonymous. Based on morphological and barcode analyses of fresh material collected in their type localities, we redescribed and compared the two species. However, their morphological distinctiveness was supported by a molecular divergence much smaller than previously reported at the interspecific level among Collembola. This divergence was even smaller than inter-population divergences recognized in the related edaphic species T. zschokkei, as well as those known between MOTUs within many Collembolan species. Our results may indicate a link between low genetic interspecific
    [Show full text]
  • Captures of Protaphorura Fimata (Collembola: Poduromorpha: Onychiuridae) on Beet and Potato Baits in the Salinas Valley of California Author(S): Shimat V
    Captures of Protaphorura fimata (Collembola: Poduromorpha: Onychiuridae) on Beet and Potato Baits in the Salinas Valley of California Author(s): Shimat V. Joseph and Christopher Bettiga Source: Journal of Entomological Science, 51(1):79-86. Published By: Georgia Entomological Society DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18474/JES15-26.1 URL: http://www.bioone.org/doi/full/10.18474/JES15-26.1 BioOne (www.bioone.org) is a nonprofit, online aggregation of core research in the biological, ecological, and environmental sciences. BioOne provides a sustainable online platform for over 170 journals and books published by nonprofit societies, associations, museums, institutions, and presses. Your use of this PDF, the BioOne Web site, and all posted and associated content indicates your acceptance of BioOne’s Terms of Use, available at www.bioone.org/page/terms_of_use. Usage of BioOne content is strictly limited to personal, educational, and non-commercial use. Commercial inquiries or rights and permissions requests should be directed to the individual publisher as copyright holder. BioOne sees sustainable scholarly publishing as an inherently collaborative enterprise connecting authors, nonprofit publishers, academic institutions, research libraries, and research funders in the common goal of maximizing access to critical research. Captures of Protaphorura fimata (Collembola: Poduromorpha: Onychiuridae) on Beet and Potato Baits in the Salinas Valley of California1 Shimat V. Joseph2 and Christopher Bettiga University of California Cooperative Extension, 1432 Abbott Street, Salinas, California 93901 USA J. Entomol. Sci. 51(1): 79–86 (January 2016) Abstract Protaphorura fimata Gisin (Collembola: Poduromorpha: Onychiuridae) feeds on the germinating seeds of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.), causing severe stand losses in the northern Salinas Valley of California.
    [Show full text]
  • Collembola: Onychiuridae)
    EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGYENTOMOLOGY ISSN (online): 1802-8829 Eur. J. Entomol. 115: 134–139, 2018 http://www.eje.cz doi: 10.14411/eje.2018.012 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Structure and function of the male ventral organ in Onychiuroides granulosus (Collembola: Onychiuridae) BOŻENA SIMICZYJEW 1, DARIUSZ SKARŻYŃSKI 2, ADRIAN SMOLIS 2, ROMUALD J. POMORSKI 2, * and MARTA MAZURKIEWICZ-KANIA1 1 Institute of Experimental Biology, University of Wrocław, Sienkiewicza 21, 51-335 Wrocław, Poland; e-mails: [email protected], [email protected] 2 Institute of Environmental Biology, University of Wrocław, Przybyszewskiego 65, 51-148 Wrocław, Poland; e-mails: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] Key words. Collembola, Onychiuridae, Onychiuroides granulosus, springtails, ventral tube, secretory cells, ultrastructure Abstract. On the ventral tube of males of Onychiuroides granulosus (Stach, 1934) there is a male ventral organ, which consists of two groups of four setae that are thickened, slightly fl attened and bent. All setae of the male ventral organ are inserted in a richly sculptured cuticle. At the base of each seta there are a few large cells (basal cells) that have large irregular nuclei that contain a large amount of heterochromatin. In the cytoplasm of the basal cells there are numerous mitochondria, ribosomes and a rich system of endoplasmic reticulum. The plasma membrane of the basal cells forms richly folded, deep invaginations, fi lled with a dense material, which also occurs in particular setae and on their surface. The present study indicates that the male ventral organ is secretory and does not confi rm its previously suggested sensory function.
    [Show full text]
  • Alabama Inventory List
    Alabama Inventory List The Rare, Threatened, & Endangered Plants & Animals of Alabama Alabama Natural August 2015 Heritage Program® TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................... 1 CHANGES FROM ALNHP TRACKING LIST OF OCTOBER 2012 ............................................... 3 DEFINITION OF HERITAGE RANKS ................................................................................................ 6 DEFINITIONS OF FEDERAL & STATE LISTED SPECIES STATUS ........................................... 8 VERTEBRATES ...................................................................................................................................... 10 Birds....................................................................................................................................................................................... 10 Mammals ............................................................................................................................................................................... 15 Reptiles .................................................................................................................................................................................. 18 Lizards, Snakes, and Amphisbaenas .................................................................................................................................. 18 Turtles and Tortoises ........................................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • The Food Web in a Subterranean Ecosystem Is Driven by Intraguild
    www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN The food web in a subterranean ecosystem is driven by intraguild predation Andrea Parimuchová1*, Lenka Petráková Dušátková2, Ľubomír Kováč1, Táňa Macháčková3, Ondřej Slabý3 & Stano Pekár2 Trophic interactions of cave arthropods have been understudied. We used molecular methods (NGS) to decipher the food web in the subterranean ecosystem of the Ardovská Cave (Western Carpathians, Slovakia). We collected fve arthropod predators of the species Parasitus loricatus (gamasid mites), Eukoenenia spelaea (palpigrades), Quedius mesomelinus (beetles), and Porrhomma profundum and Centromerus cavernarum (both spiders) and prey belonging to several orders. Various arthropod orders were exploited as prey, and trophic interactions difered among the predators. Linear models were used to compare absolute and relative prey body sizes among the predators. Quedius exploited relatively small prey, while Eukoenenia and Parasitus fed on relatively large prey. Exploitation of eggs or cadavers is discussed. In contrast to previous studies, Eukoenenia was found to be carnivorous. A high proportion of intraguild predation was found in all predators. Intraspecifc consumption (most likely cannibalism) was detected only in mites and beetles. Using Pianka’s index, the highest trophic niche overlaps were found between Porrhomma and Parasitus and between Centromerus and Eukoenenia, while the lowest niche overlap was found between Parasitus and Quedius. Contrary to what we expected, the high availability of Diptera and Isopoda as a potential prey in the studied system was not corroborated. Our work demonstrates that intraguild diet plays an important role in predators occupying subterranean ecosystems. A food web represents a network of food chains by which energy and nutrients are passed from one living organ- ism to another.
    [Show full text]
  • Vertical Distribution of Collembola (Hexapoda) and Their Food Resources in Organic Horizons of Beech Forests Jean-François Ponge
    Vertical distribution of Collembola (Hexapoda) and their food resources in organic horizons of beech forests Jean-François Ponge To cite this version: Jean-François Ponge. Vertical distribution of Collembola (Hexapoda) and their food resources in organic horizons of beech forests. Biology and Fertility of Soils, Springer Verlag, 2000, 32 (6), pp.508- 522. 10.1007/s003740000285. hal-00504001 HAL Id: hal-00504001 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00504001 Submitted on 19 Jul 2010 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Title: Vertical distribution of Collembola (Hexapoda) and their food resources in organic horizons of beech forests Author: Jean-François Ponge Name and address of the institution where the work was carried out: Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Laboratoire d'Écologie Générale, 4 avenue du Petit-Château, 91800 Brunoy (France) Address of the author: Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Laboratoire d'Écologie Générale, 4 avenue du Petit-Château, 91800 Brunoy (France), fax + 33 1 60465009, E-mail: [email protected] 1 Abstract Micro-samples of the surface organic horizons of 13 beech forests in Belgium were fixed immediately after collection in ethanol.
    [Show full text]
  • Multifunctionality of Belowground Food Webs: Resource, Size and Spatial Energy Channels
    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.06.06.447267; this version posted June 7, 2021. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY 4.0 International license. 1 Multifunctionality of belowground food webs: 2 resource, size and spatial energy channels 3 Anton Potapov1,2* 4 1Johann Friedrich Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology, Animal 5 Ecology, University of Göttingen, Untere Karspüle 2, 37073 Göttingen, Germany 6 2A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, 7 Leninsky Prospect 33, 119071 Moscow, Russia 8 9 *Author for correspondence (Tel: +49 (0) 551 3925800; E-mail: 10 [email protected]) 11 12 Abstract 13 The belowground compartment of terrestrial ecosystems drives nutrient cycling, the 14 decomposition and stabilisation of organic matter, and supports aboveground life. 15 Belowground consumers create complex food webs that regulate functioning, ensure 16 stability and support biodiversity both below and above ground. However, existing 17 soil food-web reconstructions do not match recently accumulated empirical evidence 18 and there is no comprehensive reproducible approach that accounts for the complex 19 resource, size and spatial structure of food webs in soil. Here I build on generic food- 20 web organization principles and use multifunctional classification of soil protists, 21 invertebrates and vertebrates, to reconstruct ‘multichannel’ food-web across size 22 classes of soil-associated consumers. This reconstruction is based on overlying 23 feeding preference, prey protection, size spectrum and spatial distribution matrices 24 combined with biomasses of trophic guilds to infer weighted trophic interactions.
    [Show full text]
  • Irish Biodiversity: a Taxonomic Inventory of Fauna
    Irish Biodiversity: a taxonomic inventory of fauna Irish Wildlife Manual No. 38 Irish Biodiversity: a taxonomic inventory of fauna S. E. Ferriss, K. G. Smith, and T. P. Inskipp (editors) Citations: Ferriss, S. E., Smith K. G., & Inskipp T. P. (eds.) Irish Biodiversity: a taxonomic inventory of fauna. Irish Wildlife Manuals, No. 38. National Parks and Wildlife Service, Department of Environment, Heritage and Local Government, Dublin, Ireland. Section author (2009) Section title . In: Ferriss, S. E., Smith K. G., & Inskipp T. P. (eds.) Irish Biodiversity: a taxonomic inventory of fauna. Irish Wildlife Manuals, No. 38. National Parks and Wildlife Service, Department of Environment, Heritage and Local Government, Dublin, Ireland. Cover photos: © Kevin G. Smith and Sarah E. Ferriss Irish Wildlife Manuals Series Editors: N. Kingston and F. Marnell © National Parks and Wildlife Service 2009 ISSN 1393 - 6670 Inventory of Irish fauna ____________________ TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary.............................................................................................................................................1 Acknowledgements.............................................................................................................................................2 Introduction ..........................................................................................................................................................3 Methodology........................................................................................................................................................................3
    [Show full text]