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Diplopoda: Polydesmida)
Records of the Hawaii Biological Survey for 1997—Part 2: Notes 43 P-0244 HAWAI‘I: East slope of Mauna Loa, Kïpuka Ki Weather Station, 1220 m, pitfall trap, 10–12.iv.1972, J. Jacobi P-0257 HAWAI‘I: East slope of Mauna Loa, 1280–1341 m, pitfall trap, 8–10.v.1972, J. Jacobi P-0268 HAWAI‘I: East slope of Mauna Loa, 1890 m, pitfall trap, 5–7.vi.1972, J. Jacobi P-0269 HAWAI‘I: East slope of Mauna Loa, 1585 m, pitfall trap, 5–7.vi.1972, J. Jacobi P-0271 HAWAI‘I: East slope of Mauna Loa, 1280–1341 m, pitfall trap, 5–7.vi.1972, J. Jacobi P-0281 HAWAI‘I: East slope of Mauna Loa, 1981 m, pitfall trap, 10–12.vii.1972, J. Jacobi P-0284 HAWAI‘I: East slope of Mauna Loa, 1585 m, pitfall trap, 10–12.vii.1972, J. Jacobi P-0286 HAWAI‘I: East slope of Mauna Loa, Kïpuka Ki Weather Station, 1220 m, pitfall trap, 10–12.vii.1971, J. Jacobi P-0291 HAWAI‘I: East slope of Mauna Loa, Kilauea Forest Reserve, 1646 m, pitfall trap, 10–12.vii.1972 J. Jacobi P-0294 HAWAI‘I: East slope of Mauna Loa, 1981 m, pitfall trap, 14–16.viii.1972, J. Jacobi P-0300 HAWAI‘I: East slope of Mauna Loa, Kilauea Forest Reserve, 1646 m, pitfall trap, J. Jacobi P-0307 HAWAI‘I: East slope of Mauna Loa, 1981 m, pitfall trap, 17–19.ix.1972, J. Jacobi P-0313 HAWAI‘I: East slope of Mauna Loa, Kilauea Forest Reserve, 1646 m, pitfall trap, 17–19.x.1972, J. -
Millipedes (Diplopoda) from Caves of Portugal
A.S.P.S. Reboleira and H. Enghoff – Millipedes (Diplopoda) from caves of Portugal. Journal of Cave and Karst Studies, v. 76, no. 1, p. 20–25. DOI: 10.4311/2013LSC0113 MILLIPEDES (DIPLOPODA) FROM CAVES OF PORTUGAL ANA SOFIA P.S. REBOLEIRA1 AND HENRIK ENGHOFF2 Abstract: Millipedes play an important role in the decomposition of organic matter in the subterranean environment. Despite the existence of several cave-adapted species of millipedes in adjacent geographic areas, their study has been largely ignored in Portugal. Over the last decade, intense fieldwork in caves of the mainland and the island of Madeira has provided new data about the distribution and diversity of millipedes. A review of millipedes from caves of Portugal is presented, listing fourteen species belonging to eight families, among which six species are considered troglobionts. The distribution of millipedes in caves of Portugal is discussed and compared with the troglobiont biodiversity in the overall Iberian Peninsula and the Macaronesian archipelagos. INTRODUCTION All specimens from mainland Portugal were collected by A.S.P.S. Reboleira, while collectors of Madeiran speci- Millipedes play an important role in the decomposition mens are identified in the text. Material is deposited in the of organic matter, and several species around the world following collections: Zoological Museum of University of have adapted to subterranean life, being found from cave Copenhagen, Department of Animal Biology, University of entrances to almost 2000 meters depth (Culver and Shear, La Laguna, Spain and in the collection of Sofia Reboleira, 2012; Golovatch and Kime, 2009; Sendra and Reboleira, Portugal. 2012). Although the millipede faunas of many European Species were classified according to their degree of countries are relatively well studied, this is not true of dependence on the subterranean environment, following Portugal. -
The Pauropoda
"* IX «- THE PAUROPODA THE members of this group are minute, elongate, soft-bodied arthropods of the myriapod type of structure (fig. 70 A, B), but because of their relatively few legs, usually nine pairs in the adult stage, they have been named pauropods (Lubbock, 1868 ). A pauro pod of average size is about a millimeter in length, but some species are only half as long, and others reach a length of nearly 2 mm. Probably owing to their small size, the pauropods have no circulatory system and no tracheae or other differentiated organs of respiration. They live in moist places under logs and stones, on the ground among decaying leaves, and in the soil to a depth of several inches. The feeding habits of the pauropods are not well known, but their food has been thought to be humus and decaying plant and animal tissue. Starling (1944) says that mold fungi were observed to be the usual food of Pauropus carolinensis and that a "correlation appears to exist between the optimum temperature for mold growth in gen eral and high incidence of pauropod population." He gives reasons for believing that pauropods, where abundant, regardless of their small size, play a Significantpart in soil formation. A typical adult pauropod (fig. 70 B) has a relatively small, conical head and an elongate body of 12 segments, counting as segments the first and the last body divisions, which are known respectively as the collum (Col) and the pygidium (Pyg). Statements by other writers as to the number of segments may vary, because some do not include the pygidium as a segment and some exclude both the collum and the pygidium, but such differences are merely a matter of definition for a "segment." 250 THE PAUROPODA The number of legs in an adult pauropod, except in one known species, is invariably nine pairs, the first pair being on the second body segment, the last on the tenth (fig. -
Supra-Familial Taxon Names of the Diplopoda Table 4A
Milli-PEET, Taxonomy Table 4 Page - 1 - Table 4: Supra-familial taxon names of the Diplopoda Table 4a: List of current supra-familial taxon names in alphabetical order, with their old invalid counterpart and included orders. [Brackets] indicate that the taxon group circumscribed by the old taxon group name is not recognized in Shelley's 2003 classification. Current Name Old Taxon Name Order Brannerioidea in part Trachyzona Verhoeff, 1913 Chordeumatida Callipodida Lysiopetalida Chamberlin, 1943 Callipodida [Cambaloidea+Spirobolida+ Chorizognatha Verhoeff, 1910 Cambaloidea+Spirobolida+ Spirostreptida] Spirostreptida Chelodesmidea Leptodesmidi Brölemann, 1916 Polydesmida Chelodesmidea Sphaeriodesmidea Jeekel, 1971 Polydesmida Chordeumatida Ascospermophora Verhoeff, 1900 Chordeumatida Chordeumatida Craspedosomatida Jeekel, 1971 Chordeumatida Chordeumatidea Craspedsomatoidea Cook, 1895 Chordeumatida Chordeumatoidea Megasacophora Verhoeff, 1929 Chordeumatida Craspedosomatoidea Cheiritophora Verhoeff, 1929 Chordeumatida Diplomaragnoidea Ancestreumatoidea Golovatch, 1977 Chordeumatida Glomerida Plesiocerata Verhoeff, 1910 Glomerida Hasseoidea Orobainosomidi Brolemann, 1935 Chordeumatida Hasseoidea Protopoda Verhoeff, 1929 Chordeumatida Helminthomorpha Proterandria Verhoeff, 1894 all helminthomorph orders Heterochordeumatoidea Oedomopoda Verhoeff, 1929 Chordeumatida Julida Symphyognatha Verhoeff, 1910 Julida Julida Zygocheta Cook, 1895 Julida [Julida+Spirostreptida] Diplocheta Cook, 1895 Julida+Spirostreptida [Julida in part[ Arthrophora Verhoeff, -
Diversity of Millipedes Along the Northern Western Ghats
Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 2014; 2 (4): 254-257 ISSN 2320-7078 Diversity of millipedes along the Northern JEZS 2014; 2 (4): 254-257 © 2014 JEZS Western Ghats, Rajgurunagar (MS), India Received: 14-07-2014 Accepted: 28-07-2014 (Arthropod: Diplopod) C. R. Choudhari C. R. Choudhari, Y.K. Dumbare and S.V. Theurkar Department of Zoology, Hutatma Rajguru Mahavidyalaya, ABSTRACT Rajgurunagar, University of Pune, The different vegetation type was used to identify the oligarchy among millipede species and establish India P.O. Box 410505 that millipedes in different vegetation types are dominated by limited set of species. In the present Y.K. Dumbare research elucidates the diversity of millipede rich in part of Northern Western Ghats of Rajgurunagar Department of Zoology, Hutatma (MS), India. A total four millipedes, Harpaphe haydeniana, Narceus americanus, Oxidus gracilis, Rajguru Mahavidyalaya, Trigoniulus corallines taxa belonging to order Polydesmida and Spirobolida; 4 families belongs to Rajgurunagar, University of Pune, Xystodesmidae, Spirobolidae, Paradoxosomatidae and Trigoniulidae and also of 4 genera were India P.O. Box 410505 recorded from the tropical or agricultural landscape of Northern Western Ghats. There was Harpaphe haydeniana correlated to the each species of millipede which were found in Northern Western Ghats S.V. Theurkar region of Rajgurunagar. At the time of diversity study, Trigoniulus corallines were observed more than Senior Research Fellowship, other millipede species, which supports the environmental determinism condition. Narceus americanus Department of Zoology, Hutatma was single time occurred in the agricultural vegetation landscape due to the geographical location and Rajguru Mahavidyalaya, habitat differences. Rajgurunagar, University of Pune, India Keywords: Diplopod, Northern Western Ghats, millipede diversity, Narceus americanus, Trigoniulus corallines 1. -
Number of Living Species in Australia and the World
Numbers of Living Species in Australia and the World 2nd edition Arthur D. Chapman Australian Biodiversity Information Services australia’s nature Toowoomba, Australia there is more still to be discovered… Report for the Australian Biological Resources Study Canberra, Australia September 2009 CONTENTS Foreword 1 Insecta (insects) 23 Plants 43 Viruses 59 Arachnida Magnoliophyta (flowering plants) 43 Protoctista (mainly Introduction 2 (spiders, scorpions, etc) 26 Gymnosperms (Coniferophyta, Protozoa—others included Executive Summary 6 Pycnogonida (sea spiders) 28 Cycadophyta, Gnetophyta under fungi, algae, Myriapoda and Ginkgophyta) 45 Chromista, etc) 60 Detailed discussion by Group 12 (millipedes, centipedes) 29 Ferns and Allies 46 Chordates 13 Acknowledgements 63 Crustacea (crabs, lobsters, etc) 31 Bryophyta Mammalia (mammals) 13 Onychophora (velvet worms) 32 (mosses, liverworts, hornworts) 47 References 66 Aves (birds) 14 Hexapoda (proturans, springtails) 33 Plant Algae (including green Reptilia (reptiles) 15 Mollusca (molluscs, shellfish) 34 algae, red algae, glaucophytes) 49 Amphibia (frogs, etc) 16 Annelida (segmented worms) 35 Fungi 51 Pisces (fishes including Nematoda Fungi (excluding taxa Chondrichthyes and (nematodes, roundworms) 36 treated under Chromista Osteichthyes) 17 and Protoctista) 51 Acanthocephala Agnatha (hagfish, (thorny-headed worms) 37 Lichen-forming fungi 53 lampreys, slime eels) 18 Platyhelminthes (flat worms) 38 Others 54 Cephalochordata (lancelets) 19 Cnidaria (jellyfish, Prokaryota (Bacteria Tunicata or Urochordata sea anenomes, corals) 39 [Monera] of previous report) 54 (sea squirts, doliolids, salps) 20 Porifera (sponges) 40 Cyanophyta (Cyanobacteria) 55 Invertebrates 21 Other Invertebrates 41 Chromista (including some Hemichordata (hemichordates) 21 species previously included Echinodermata (starfish, under either algae or fungi) 56 sea cucumbers, etc) 22 FOREWORD In Australia and around the world, biodiversity is under huge Harnessing core science and knowledge bases, like and growing pressure. -
Wild About Learning
WILD ABOUT LEARNING An Interdisciplinary Unit Fostering Discovery Learning Written on a 4th grade reading level, Wild Discoveries: Wacky New Animals, is perfect for every kid who loves wacky animals! With engaging full-color photos throughout, the book draws readers right into the animal action! Wild Discoveries features newly discovered species from around the world--such as the Shocking Pink Dragon and the Green Bomber. These wacky species are organized by region with fun facts about each one's amazing abilities and traits. The book concludes with a special section featuring new species discovered by kids! Heather L. Montgomery writes about science and nature for kids. Her subject matter ranges from snake tongues to snail poop. Heather is an award-winning teacher who uses yuck appeal to engage young minds. During a typical school visit, petrified parts and tree guts inspire reluctant writers and encourage scientific thinking. Heather has a B.S. in Biology and a M.S. in Environmental Education. When she is not writing, you can find her painting her face with mud at the McDowell Environmental Center where she is the Education Coordinator. Heather resides on the Tennessee/Alabama border. Learn more about her ten books at www.HeatherLMontgomery.com. Dear Teachers, Photo by Sonya Sones As I wrote Wild Discoveries: Wacky New Animals, I was astounded by how much I learned. As expected, I learned amazing facts about animals and the process of scientifically describing new species, but my knowledge also grew in subjects such as geography, math and language arts. I have developed this unit to share that learning growth with children. -
Introduction to Arthropod Groups What Is Entomology?
Entomology 340 Introduction to Arthropod Groups What is Entomology? The study of insects (and their near relatives). Species Diversity PLANTS INSECTS OTHER ANIMALS OTHER ARTHROPODS How many kinds of insects are there in the world? • 1,000,0001,000,000 speciesspecies knownknown Possibly 3,000,000 unidentified species Insects & Relatives 100,000 species in N America 1,000 in a typical backyard Mostly beneficial or harmless Pollination Food for birds and fish Produce honey, wax, shellac, silk Less than 3% are pests Destroy food crops, ornamentals Attack humans and pets Transmit disease Classification of Japanese Beetle Kingdom Animalia Phylum Arthropoda Class Insecta Order Coleoptera Family Scarabaeidae Genus Popillia Species japonica Arthropoda (jointed foot) Arachnida -Spiders, Ticks, Mites, Scorpions Xiphosura -Horseshoe crabs Crustacea -Sowbugs, Pillbugs, Crabs, Shrimp Diplopoda - Millipedes Chilopoda - Centipedes Symphyla - Symphylans Insecta - Insects Shared Characteristics of Phylum Arthropoda - Segmented bodies are arranged into regions, called tagmata (in insects = head, thorax, abdomen). - Paired appendages (e.g., legs, antennae) are jointed. - Posess chitinous exoskeletion that must be shed during growth. - Have bilateral symmetry. - Nervous system is ventral (belly) and the circulatory system is open and dorsal (back). Arthropod Groups Mouthpart characteristics are divided arthropods into two large groups •Chelicerates (Scissors-like) •Mandibulates (Pliers-like) Arthropod Groups Chelicerate Arachnida -Spiders, -
Diplopoda, Polyxenida, Lophoproctidae) Extend the Range of the Genus Lophoproctus
A peer-reviewed open-access journal ZooKeys 510: 209–222 (2015) New records of Lophoproctus coecus Pocock, 1894... 209 doi: 10.3897/zookeys.510.8668 RESEARCH ARTICLE http://zookeys.pensoft.net Launched to accelerate biodiversity research New records of Lophoproctus coecus Pocock, 1894 (Diplopoda, Polyxenida, Lophoproctidae) extend the range of the genus Lophoproctus Megan Short1 1 Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Melbourne, Australia Corresponding author: Megan Short ([email protected]) Academic editor: Ivan H. Tuf | Received 29 September 2014 | Accepted 5 May 2015 | Published 30 June 2015 http://zoobank.org/4FF544AC-67B8-413A-A544-38A3F299FCF1 Citation: Short M (2015) New records of Lophoproctus coecus Pocock, 1894 (Diplopoda, Polyxenida, Lophoproctidae) extend the range of the genus Lophoproctus. In: Tuf IH, Tajovský K (Eds) Proceedings of the 16th International Congress of Myriapodology, Olomouc, Czech Republic. ZooKeys 510: 209–222. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.510.8668 Abstract The geographic distribution of the genus Lophoproctus Pocock, 1894 has greatly expanded with new re- cords of the species Lophoproctus coecus Pocock, 1894, together with the reassignment of a number of millipedes formerly identified as Lophoproctus lucidus (Chalande, 1888). L. coecus was found to be the sole representative of the family Lophoproctidae in collections examined from Crimea and the Caucasian region. The species was also identified from Iran and Kyrgyzstan.Lophoproctus specimens collected in Italy by Verhoeff were reassigned as L. coecus with the exception of one specimen of L. jeanneli (Brölemann, 1910) from Capri. These data were combined with all available information from the literature to look at the pattern of distribution of the four species in the genus. -
Some Centipedes and Millipedes (Myriapoda) New to the Fauna of Belarus
Russian Entomol. J. 30(1): 106–108 © RUSSIAN ENTOMOLOGICAL JOURNAL, 2021 Some centipedes and millipedes (Myriapoda) new to the fauna of Belarus Íåêîòîðûå ãóáîíîãèå è äâóïàðíîíîãèå ìíîãîíîæêè (Myriapoda), íîâûå äëÿ ôàóíû Áåëàðóñè A.M. Ostrovsky À.Ì. Îñòðîâñêèé Gomel State Medical University, Lange str. 5, Gomel 246000, Republic of Belarus. E-mail: [email protected] Гомельский государственный медицинский университет, ул. Ланге 5, Гомель 246000, Республика Беларусь KEY WORDS: Geophilus flavus, Lithobius crassipes, Lithobius microps, Blaniulus guttulatus, faunistic records, Belarus КЛЮЧЕВЫЕ СЛОВА: Geophilus flavus, Lithobius crassipes, Lithobius microps, Blaniulus guttulatus, фаунистика, Беларусь ABSTRACT. The first records of three species of et Dobroruka, 1960 under G. flavus by Bonato and Minelli [2014] centipedes and one species of millipede from Belarus implies that there may be some previous records of G. flavus are provided. All records are clearly synathropic. from the former USSR, including Belarus, reported under the name of G. proximus C.L. Koch, 1847 [Zalesskaja et al., 1982]. РЕЗЮМЕ. Приведены сведения о фаунистичес- The distribution of G. flavus in European Russia has been summarized by Volkova [2016]. ких находках трёх новых видов губоногих и одного вида двупарноногих многоножек в Беларуси. Все ORDER LITHOBIOMORPHA находки явно синантропные. Family LITHOBIIDAE The myriapod fauna of Belarus is still poorly-known. Lithobius (Monotarsobius) crassipes C.L. Koch, According to various authors, 10–11 species of centi- 1862 pedes [Meleško, 1981; Maksimova, 2014; Ostrovsky, MATERIAL EXAMINED. 1 $, Republic of Belarus, Minsk, Kra- 2016, 2018] and 28–29 species of millipedes [Lokšina, sivyi lane, among household waste, 14.07.2019, leg. et det. A.M. 1964, 1969; Tarasevich, 1992; Maksimova, Khot’ko, Ostrovsky. -
Phylogenomic Resolution of Sea Spider Diversification Through Integration Of
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.01.31.929612; this version posted February 2, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. Phylogenomic resolution of sea spider diversification through integration of multiple data classes 1Jesús A. Ballesteros†, 1Emily V.W. Setton†, 1Carlos E. Santibáñez López†, 2Claudia P. Arango, 3Georg Brenneis, 4Saskia Brix, 5Esperanza Cano-Sánchez, 6Merai Dandouch, 6Geoffrey F. Dilly, 7Marc P. Eleaume, 1Guilherme Gainett, 8Cyril Gallut, 6Sean McAtee, 6Lauren McIntyre, 9Amy L. Moran, 6Randy Moran, 5Pablo J. López-González, 10Gerhard Scholtz, 6Clay Williamson, 11H. Arthur Woods, 12Ward C. Wheeler, 1Prashant P. Sharma* 1 Department of Integrative Biology, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, USA 2 Queensland Museum, Biodiversity Program, Brisbane, Australia 3 Zoologisches Institut und Museum, Cytologie und Evolutionsbiologie, Universität Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany 4 Senckenberg am Meer, German Centre for Marine Biodiversity Research (DZMB), c/o Biocenter Grindel (CeNak), Martin-Luther-King-Platz 3, Hamburg, Germany 5 Biodiversidad y Ecología Acuática, Departamento de Zoología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain 6 Department of Biology, California State University-Channel Islands, Camarillo, CA, USA 7 Départment Milieux et Peuplements Aquatiques, Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, France 8 Institut de Systématique, Emvolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Concarneau, France 9 Department of Biology, University of Hawai’i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, USA Page 1 of 31 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.01.31.929612; this version posted February 2, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. -
MYRIAPODS 767 Volume 2 (M-Z), Pp
In: R. Singer, (ed.), 1999. Encyclopedia of Paleontology, MYRIAPODS 767 volume 2 (M-Z), pp. 767-775. Fitzroy Dearborn, London. MYRIAPODS JVlyriapods are many-legged, terrestrial arthropods whose bodies groups, the Trilobita, Chelicerata, Crustacea, and the Uniramia, the are divided into two major parts, a head and a trunk. The head last consisting of the Myriapoda, Hexapoda, and Onychophora (vel- bears a single pair of antennae, highly differentiated mandibles (or vet worms). However, subsequent structural and molecular evidence jaws), and at least one pair of maxillary mouthparts; the trunk indicates that there are several characters uniting major arthropod region consists of similar "metameres," each of which is a func- taxa. Moreover, paleobiologic, embryologie, and other evidence tional segment that bears one or two pairs of appendages. Gas demonstrates that myriapods and hexapods are fiindamentally exchange is accomplished by tracheae•a branching network of polyramous, having two major articulating appendages per embry- specialized tubules•although small forms respire through the ological body segment, like other arthropods. body wall. Malpighian organs are used for excretion, and eyes con- A fourth proposal (Figure ID) suggests that myriapods are sist of clusters of simple, unintegrated, light-sensitive elements an ancient, basal arthropod lineage, and that the Hexapoda that are termed ommatidia. These major features collectively char- emerged as an independent, relatively recent clade from a rather acterize the five major myriapod clades: Diplopoda (millipeds), terminal crustacean lineage, perhaps the Malacostraca, which con- Chilopoda (centipeds), Pauropoda (pauropods), Symphyla (sym- tains lobsters and crabs (Ballard et al. 1992). Because few crusta- phylans), and Arthropleurida (arthropleurids). Other features cean taxa were examined in this analysis, and due to the Cambrian indicate differences among these clades.