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Evaluation of molecular diversity analysis and relation with environmental factors in accessions of Cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) in Iran, revealed by inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers and start codon targeted (SCoT) markers Mohammad Samer Mohammadizadeh ( [email protected] ) Islamic Azad University Farzaneh Bahadori Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization Leila Hakimi Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization Abbas Dehshiri Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization Research Keywords: Cuminum cyminum, Genetic diversity, Canonical correspondence analysis, ISSR, SCoT, Iran Posted Date: June 22nd, 2020 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-35133/v1 License: This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Read Full License Page 1/14 Abstract Cuminum cyminum (as an aromatic herb) is the sources of cumin, which has been commonly used in traditional medicine for the treatment of various diseases especially in tropical Asia. Thus, the current experiment was performed to accesses molecular genetic diversity among 22 collected accessions of cumin from different area of Iran, based on inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers and start codon targeted (SCoT) markers. Analysis of molecular variance revealed that a signicant genetic difference between the studied accessions reach to 43%. Mantel test between genetic diversity and geographical distance indicated that an increase in geographical distance of collected accessions did not inuence on genetic differentiation. Results about all agro- morphological traits showed a signicant difference between the ecotypes except the number of branches. Canonical correspondence analysis ballot of genetic features and environmental factors included 5 geographic and climatic factors for seed origin’s habitat, which have been show that the mentioned parameters had no strong effect on the plant genotypes. However, difference in elevation and latitude of accession origins had effect on genetic clustering in two major groups. The consensus tree of both molecular and morphological data relieved that the accessions Chah-Dashi, Damghan, Ferdows and Nehbandan formed discreet clusters based on genetic and agro-morphological features. In conclusion, the results conrmed that both ISSR and SCoT markers were reliable and useful tools for analyzing the genetic diversity of cumin in Iran. Introduction Cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.), the second most popular spice in the world, is belong to Apiaceous or Umbelliferae family, which has been regard as a medicinal herb, economical crop plant, and part of food culture in in wide geographical areas (KAFIE et al., 2002; LODHA and MAWAR, 2014) especially in tropical Asia (HASHEMIAN et al., 2013). There are numerous usages of cumin seed due to its phyto-chemicals components, minerals (like Fe, Cu, Ca, K, Mg, Se, Zn and Mn), vitamins, and many avonoid phenolic anti-oxidants (PARASHAR et al., 2014). Geographical distribution of cumin in Iran conned mainly to arid and semi-arid regions in eastern, south-eastern, and central provinces (HASHEMIAN et al., 2013). Estimation of genetic diversity of related plant sample is a requirement towards the helpful utilization and conservation of plant genetic resources (WEISING et al., 1995; SHAHLAEI et al., 2014). On the other hand, morphological and molecular surveys are used for genetic diversity, genotypes, and ecotypes of crop plants for upgrading the cultivars or varieties in purpose of breeding programs and conservation (AFSHAR et al., 2015). Molecular markers have been widely and effectively used for assessment of genetic diversity, phylogenetics, ngerprinting, variation, and differentiation in biology (XIONG et al., 2011; AMIRMORADI et al., 2012; MULPURI et al., 2013). Molecular markers, as a reliable method in detecting the polymorphism at DNA level, could be helpful in genetic relationships within and between species and ecotypes (MARSJAN and OLDENBROEK, 2007). DNA ngerprinting of all the genetic stocks is imperative in order to preparing a powerful molecular database of medicinal plants (WJITKUS et al., 1994). The most important characteristics of molecular markers are neutrality, not inuenced by age, environment, economical beneciary and more informative than morphological traits (SAMANTARAY et al., 2010; RAHIMI et al., 2018). Inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) marker is preferred by many researchers due to many advantages such as simplicity, quickly, less costly and high reproducibility (PRADEEP REDDY et al., 2002; XU et al., 2018). ISSR markers rapidly reveal high polymorphic ngerprints and have been used frequently to determine the genetic diversity among date palm cultivars (AYESH, 2017). Also, SCoT (start codon targeted), as a novel marker, can be evaluating as the strong polymorphic markers which indicate differences between individuals extremely well (COLLARD and MACKILL, 2009). As yet, genetic relationships between cumin ecotypes were investigated in terms of agro-morphological traits (BAHRAMINEJAD et al., 2011) and molecular polymorphism by markers like RAPD, SCoT, CCMP and SSR (BAHRAMINEJAD et al. 2012; BAHRAMINEJAD and MOHAMMADINEJAD, 2013; ROSTAMI- AHMADVANDI et al., 2013; PARSSHAR et al., 2014). Considering the worth of medicinal plants in industry and commerce, the present study was survey to undertaken the agro-morphological traits and genetic differentiation (by ISSR and SCoT markers) of 22 cumin accessions collected from different regions of Iran. This study would be helpful in selecting parents in the cumin breeding programs and conservation of this medicinal plant. Furthermore, relationships between ecological factors and genetic differentiation will be discussed due to poor information about environmental inuence on different accessions of cumin. Materials And Methods Plant materials At current study 22 accessions of cumin from 9 Iran province were investigated (Figure 1, Supplementary 1). The accession number, origin and ecological condition of these accessions are presented in Table 1. The seeds were cultivated using randomized complete block design at the Research Field of Agriculture (Semnan, Iran; Table 2). And, the information about environmental factors of the study area was given from State Meteorological Organization of Iran (http://reports.irimo.ir/jasperserver/login.html). The measured agro-morphological traits were including: plant height, number of branches, number of umbel, mini-umbel and seed, 1000-seed weight, seed weight per plant and grain yield. These traits were measured through morphometric method. The photos of accession were given as Supplementary data 1. Table 1. Accession number, origin information of 22 accessions of cumin and their ecological factors Page 2/14 F Province Locality Accession .No Longitude Latitude Elevation (m) AMT (° C) AP (mm) Code. 1 Razavi-Khorasan Khaf 100 60° 8' 10.509'' 34° 34' 17.431'' 972 16.7 200 2 Razavi-Khorasan Khoshab 101 57° 59' 26.287'' 36° 25' 30.785'' 1187 13.8 207 3 South-Khorasan Chah-Dashi 102 59° 43' 20.238'' 31° 28' 14.567'' 1065 20.05 86 4 South-Khorasan Ayesk 103 58° 22' 58.742'' 33° 53' 14.868'' 1368 16.7 135 5 East-Azarbayjan Tabriz- Ilkhchi 104 45° 58' 35.354'' 37° 56' 19.467'' 1308 11.6 318 6 East-Azarbayjan Shabistar-Shendabad 105 45° 37' 44.730'' 38° 8' 39.281'' 1309 10.9 320 7 Isfahan Khur and Biabanak 106 55° 5' 6.655'' 33° 46' 25.764'' 831 20.2 79 8 Isfahan Mobarakeh-Talkhuncheh 107 51° 33' 36.569'' 32° 15' 44.604'' 1731 15.1 154 9 Kerman Rig-Mahan 108 57° 17' 29.504'' 30° 3' 40.064'' 1901 15.4 156 10 Kerman Kuhbanan 109 56° 16' 58.527'' 31° 24' 37.072'' 1990 14.1 146.1 11 Yazd Yazd 110 54° 21' 20.827'' 31° 53' 15.208'' 1222 18.9 55 12 Semnan Dlạzyạn 111 53° 24' 23.810'' 35° 29' 53.300'' 1042 17.2 130 13 Semnan Damghan 112 54° 20' 27.193'' 36° 9' 49.639'' 1154 15.4 213 14 Semnan Sorkheh-Biabanak 113 53° 16' 6.488'' 35° 24' 42.841'' 1034 17.4 129 15 South-Khorasan Birjand1 2001 59° 13' 0.940'' 32° 52' 24.009'' 1454 17 129 16 South-Khorasan Birjand3 2003 59° 13' 0.940'' 32° 52' 24.009'' 1454 17 129 17 South-Khorasan Boshruyah 2004 57° 25' 41.322'' 33° 52' 6.185'' 879 19.7 96 18 South-Khorasan Ferdows 2005 58° 10' 0.473'' 34° 0' 20.273'' 1269 17.2 130 19 South-Khorasan Nehbandan 2006 60° 3' 1.431'' 31° 32' 26.144'' 1185 18.4 93 20 South-Khorasan Faizabad 2007 58° 47' 33.697'' 35° 1' 10.119'' 942 26 220 21 Tehran Tehran 2008 51° 22' 50.599'' 35° 42' 2.604'' 1214 16.4 220 22 North-Khorasan Bojnord 2014 57° 19' 44.809'' 37° 28' 20.124'' 1071 13.2 257 F (Features); AMT (mean year temperature); AP (mean year rainfall). Table 2. Geographical condition of seeds were cultivated Parameters Longitude Latitude Altitude (m) Temperature (mean year, ° C) Rainfall (mean year, mm) Semnan 53°23' 20.077'' 35° 35' 0.752'' 1164 17.2 130-145 DNA Extraction and ISSR and SCoT PCR amplication Total genomic DNA was extracted from young leaves using cetyl trimethylammonium bromide method described by Doyle and Doyle (1990) with a little modication (Ghasemzadeh-Barkaki et al., 2018) that included combination of β-mercaptoethanol, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, sodium N-lauroyl sarcosine and sodium dodecyl sulfate. To determine the quality of DNA, 0.8% agarose gel electrophoresis were used. In this study, 5 SCoT primers commercialized by UBC (the University of British Columbia) using for amplication (COLLARD and MACKILL, 2009). Specic primers (Table 3) were provided by Invitrogen, USA. Polymerase chain reaction was performed in 25 μL reaction volume containing 10 mM Tris-HCl, pH 8.3, 2.5 mM Mg Cl2, 1 mM dNTPs mix, 0.2 μM of each primer, 1U of Taq DNA polymerase, and 25 ng of template DNA. Thermocycling conditions (BIORAD.T100) were as follows: after initial denaturation at 94oC for 300s; 36 amplication cycles were performed at 94oC for 60s, 60 oC for 60s; Finally 60 oC for 60s, 72 oC for 90s, and 72 oC for 10 min.
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    J Vector Borne Dis 46, March 2009, pp. 52–56 Karyosystematic and morphometric characterization of the rodents as reservoir hosts of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in an endemic focus of Isfahan Province, Iran L. Shirani Bidabadia, M.A. Nilforoushzadeha,b, A.A. Akhavanc, H. Abdolie, A.H. Siadata, F. Jaffarya,d, S.H. Hejazia, N. Shareghie, M. Ghaneie, M. Arandiane & S.H. Moradia aSkin Diseases and Leishmaniasis Research Center (Sedigheh Tahereh), Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan; bResearch Center of Training of Leprosy and Skin Diseases, Department of Dermatology, University of Medical Sciences , Tehran; cDepartment of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health and Institute of Public Health Research,Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran; dDepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan; eResearch Center of Training of Isfahan, School of Public Health and Institute of Public Health Research,Tehran University of Medical Sciences,Tehran, Iran Abstract Background & objectives: Rodents belonging to Gerbillinae subfamily are the main reservoir hosts of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ZCL) in Iran. Regarding the important role of these rodents in the maintenance of Leishmania major in the nature, their identification with morphometric, cytogenetic and molecular methods seems to be essential. The karyotype study of these species, captured from a new focus of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis located in the south of Isfahan Province was carried out in 2007. Methods: Twenty specimens containing seventeen Meriones persicus and three Nesokia indica were captured from Mobarakeh rural district south of Isfahan. Giemsa-stained karyotypes of these two species were prepared from bone marrow chromosome preparations.
  • Ali Asghar Semsar Yazdi Majid Labbaf Khaneiki Construction And

    Ali Asghar Semsar Yazdi Majid Labbaf Khaneiki Construction And

    Ali Asghar Semsar Yazdi Majid Labbaf Khaneiki Qanat Knowledge Construction and Maintenance Qanat Knowledge Ali Asghar Semsar Yazdi • Majid Labbaf Khaneiki Qanat Knowledge Construction and Maintenance Ali Asghar Semsar Yazdi Majid Labbaf Khaneiki International Center on Qanats and Historic International Center on Qanats and Historic Hydraulic Structures (UNESCO ICQHS) Hydraulic Structures (UNESCO ICQHS) Yazd , Iran Yazd , Iran ISBN 978-94-024-0955-0 ISBN 978-94-024-0957-4 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-94-024-0957-4 Library of Congress Control Number: 2016959456 © Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2017 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifi cally the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfi lms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specifi c statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made.
  • Short Communication Geographical Distribution of Scorpion Odontobuthus Doriae in Isfahan Province, Central Iran

    Short Communication Geographical Distribution of Scorpion Odontobuthus Doriae in Isfahan Province, Central Iran

    J Arthropod-Borne Dis, September 2017, 11(3): 433–440 R Dehghani and H Kassiri: Geographical … Short Communication Geographical Distribution of Scorpion Odontobuthus doriae in Isfahan Province, Central Iran Rouhullah Dehghani 1, *Hamid Kassiri 2 1Social Determinants of Health (SDH) Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran 2Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, School of Health, Ahvaz, Iran (Received 13 Sep 2016; accepted 21 Aug 2017) Abstract Background: Scorpions are among the world’s venomous arthropods, they sting humans every year, suffering pain- ful symptoms or losing their lives because of the venom. Odontobuthus doriae Thorell 1876 (Arachnida: Scorpi- onida: Buthidae) is a scorpion of medical importance and therefore its geographical distribution in Isfahan Province has been studied. Methods: This descriptive cross–sectional study was designed between Mar and Jun in 2012 and 2013 in Province of Isfahan, central Iran. Overall, 164 O. doriae scorpions were collected from their natural habitat by identifying the dug burrows. This arthropod’s burrows were identified based on the presence of tumuli, particularly between May and Jun at the sloping foothills of pristine embankments. The sampling data was categorized and compared. Results: The relative frequency of collected O. doriae for the counties was Mobarakeh (13.5%), Shahinshahre (11.5%), Borkhar (9%), Shahreza (7.5%), Kashan (7.5%), Naeen (6%), Natanz (5.5%), Isfahan (4.8%), Najafabad (4.8%), Aran and Bidgol (4.8%), Dehaghan (4.8%), Flavarjan (3.7%), Khomeinishahr (3.7%), Tiran (3.7%), Gol- payegan (3.7%), Ardestan (3.7%) and Lenjan (2.5%). No O. doriae was collected from other counties of the province.
  • Genetic Diversity of Iranian Cumin (Cuminum Cyminum L.) Accessions, Using Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) and Start Codon Targeted (Scot) Markers

    Genetic Diversity of Iranian Cumin (Cuminum Cyminum L.) Accessions, Using Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) and Start Codon Targeted (Scot) Markers

    Journal of Medicinal Plants and By-products Original Article Genetic Diversity of Iranian Cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) Accessions, using Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) and Start Codon Targeted (SCoT) Markers Mohammad Sammer Mohamadizad1, Farzaneh Bahadori2*, Leila Hakimi3, Ahmad Khalighi1, and Abbas Dehshiri4 1Department of Horticulture Sciences and Agronomy, Agriculture and Food Science college, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran 2Research Center of Agricultural and Natural Resources, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Semnan, Iran 3Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Saveh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Saveh, Iran 4Seed and Plant Certification and Registration Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran Article History: Received: 30 September 2020/Accepted in revised form: 17 March 2021 © 2012 Iranian Society of Medicinal Plants. All rights reserved. Abstract Cuminum cyminum (cumin) is an aromatic plant, commonly used in food industries and traditional medicine, especially in tropical Asia. Various accessions of Cuminum cyminum with different aromatic properties could be found in Iran, as a main region of cumin production. This study was conducted to evaluate genetic diversity of 22 accessions of Cuminum cyminum from different parts of Iran. The seeds were cultivated in a randomized complete block design (RCBD), with 22 accessions and three replicates, and their agro-morphological traits were measured. Genetic variations of the studied accessions were evaluated using inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) and start codon targeted (SCoT) markers. Estimate of molecular variance showed a significant genetic difference between the studied accessions, whereby 57% of total variance was occurred between the populations. Based on the Mantel test for association of genetic diversities and geographical distances, increase of geographical distance did not influence the genetic differentiation.
  • Page 1 of 27 PODOCES, 2007, 2(2): 77-96 a Century of Breeding Bird Assessment by Western Travellers in Iran, 1876–1977 - Appendix 1 C.S

    Page 1 of 27 PODOCES, 2007, 2(2): 77-96 a Century of Breeding Bird Assessment by Western Travellers in Iran, 1876–1977 - Appendix 1 C.S

    PODOCES, 2007, 2(2): 77-96 A century of breeding bird assessment by western travellers in Iran, 1876–1977 - Appendix 1 C.S. ROSELAAR and M. ALIABADIAN Referenced bird localities in Iran x°.y'N x°.y'E °N °E Literature reference province number Ab Ali 35.46 51.58 35,767 51,967 12 Tehran Abadan 30.20 48.15 30,333 48,250 33, 69 Khuzestan Abadeh 31.06 52.40 31,100 52,667 01 Fars Abasabad 36.44 51.06 36,733 51,100 18, 63 Mazandaran Abasabad (nr Emamrud) 36.33 55.07 36,550 55,117 20, 23-26, 71-78 Semnan Abaz - see Avaz Khorasan Abbasad - see Abasabad Semnan Abdolabad ('Abdul-abad') 35.04 58.47 35,067 58,783 86, 88, 96-99 Khorasan Abdullabad [NE of Sabzevar] * * * * 20, 23-26, 71-78 Khorasan Abeli - see Ab Ali Tehran Abiz 33.41 59.57 33,683 59,950 87, 89, 90, 91, 94, 96-99 Khorasan Abr ('Abar') 36.43 55.05 36,717 55,083 37, 40, 84 Semnan Abr pass 36.47 55.00 36,783 55,000 37, 40, 84 Semnan/Golestan Absellabad - see Afzalabad Sistan & Baluchestan Absh-Kushta [at c.: ] 29.35 60.50 29,583 60,833 87, 89, 91, 96-99 Sistan & Baluchestan Abu Turab 33.51 59.36 33,850 59,600 86, 88, 96-99 Khorasan Abulhassan [at c.:] 32.10 49.10 32,167 49,167 20, 23-26, 71-78 Khuzestan Adimi 31.07 61.24 31,117 61,400 90, 94, 96-99 Sistan & Baluchestan Afzalabad 30.56 61.19 30,933 61,317 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, Sistan & Baluchestan 94, 96-99 Aga-baba 36.19 49.36 36,317 49,600 92, 96-99 Qazvin Agulyashker/Aguljashkar/Aghol Jaskar 31.38 49.40 31,633 49,667 92, 96-99 Khuzestan [at c.: ] Ahandar [at c.: ] 32.59 59.18 32,983 59,300 86, 88, 96-99 Khorasan Ahangar Mahalleh - see Now Mal Golestan Ahangaran 33.25 60.12 33,417 60,200 87, 89, 91, 96-99 Khorasan Ahmadabad 35.22 51.13 35,367 51,217 12, 41 Tehran Ahvaz (‘Ahwaz’) 31.20 48.41 31,333 48,683 20, 22, 23-26, 33, 49, 67, Khuzestan 69, 71-78, 80, 92, 96-99 Airabad - see Kheyrabad (nr Turkmen.

  • Two New Records of Plant Nematode Species from Pomegranate Gardens in Southern Khorasan Province of Iran

    Pakistan Journal of Nematology (2016) 34 (1): 3-7 ISSN 0255-7576 (Print) ISSN 2313-1942 (Online) www.pjn.com.pk http://dx.doi.org/10.18681/pjn.v34.i01.p03 Two new records of plant nematode species from pomegranate gardens in southern Khorasan Province of Iran M. Bajestani1†, E. Moghadam2 and K. Dolatabadi3 1Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad 2Plant Pathology Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad 3Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad †Corresponding author: [email protected] Abstract In nematological investigations of pomegranate gardens of Ferdows and Birjand cities ten plant parasitic nematodes species were identified on morphological and morphometrical characters viz., Boleodorus thylactus, Filenchus cylindricaudus, Geocenamus tenuidens, Irantylenchus clavidorus, Merlinius brevidens, M. communicus, M. pistaciei, Neopsilenchus magnidens, Pratylenchus neglectus and Zygotylenchus guevarai. Among these species M. communicus and M. pistaciei are new records for nematode fauna of Iran. Key word: New records, plant parasitic nematode, Merlinius, pomegranate, Khorasan. The pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) is a (www.FAO.org). The literature search of fruit-bearing deciduous shrub or small tree nematode fauna on pomegranate showed that growing between 5 and 8 m tall. The Meloidogyne incognita was reported from pomegranate originated in the region of modern- Pakistan (Nasira et al., 2011). Whereas, day Iran and has been cultivated since ancient Aglenchus sp., Basiria graminophila, Basiroides times throughout the Mediterranean region and obliquus, Ditylenchus sp., Helicotylenchus northern India. Today, it is widely cultivated indicus, H. multicinctus, M. incognita, throughout the Middle East,Caucasus region, Psilenchus hilarulus, Tylenchorhynchus North Africa and tropical Africa, the Indian brassicae and Xiphinema basiri were reported subcontinent, Central Asia and the drier parts of by Khan et al., (2005).