Fiscal Terms Oil and Gas
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Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards Chapter 20—Allocation Measurement
Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards Chapter 20—Allocation Measurement Section 1—Allocation Measurement FIRST EDITION, SEPTEMBER 1993 REAFFIRMED, SEPTEMBER 2011 Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards Chapter 20—Allocation Mesurement Section 1—Allocation Measurement Measurement Coordination FIRST EDITION, SEPTEMBER 1993 REAFFIRMED, SEPTEMBER 2011 SPECIAL NOTES 1. API PUBLICATIONS NECESSARILY ADDRESS PROBLEMS OF A GENERAL NATURE. WITH RESPECT TO PARTICULAR CIRCUMSTANCES, LOCAL, STATE, AND FEDERAL LAWS AND REGULATIONS SHOULD BE REVIEWED. 2. API IS NOT UNDERTAKING TO MEET THE DUTIES OF EMPLOYERS, MANU FACTURERS, OR SUPPLIERS TO WARN AND PROPERLY TRAIN AND EQUIP THEIR EMPLOYEES, AND OTHERS EXPOSED, CONCERNING HEALTH AND SAFETY RISKS AND PRECAUTIONS, NOR UNDERTAKING THEIR OBLIGATIONS UNDER LOCAL, STATE OR FEDERAL LAWS. 3. INFORMATION CONCERNING SAFETY AND HEALTH RISKS AND PROPER PRECAUTIONS WITH RESPECT TO PARTICULAR MATERIALS AND CONDI TIONS SHOULD BE OBTAINED FROM THE EMPLOYER, THE MANUFACTURER OR SUPPLIER OF THAT MATERIAL, OR THE MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET. 4. NOTHING CONTAINED IN ANY API PUBLICATION IS TO BE CONSTRUED AS GRANTING ANY RIGHT, BY IMPLICATION OR OTHERWISE, FOR THE MANU FACTURE, SALE OR USE OF ANY METHOD, APPARATUS, OR PRODUCT COVERED BY LETTERS PATENT. NEITHER SHOULD ANYTHING CONTAINED IN THE PUBLICATION BE CONSTRUED AS INSURING ANYONE AGAINST LIABILITY FOR INFRINGEMENT OF LETTERS PATENT. 5. GENERALLY, API STANDARDS ARE REVIEWED AND REVISED, REAF FIRMED OR WITHDRAWN AT LEAST EVERY FIVE YEARS. SOMETIMES A ONE TIME EXTENSION OF UP TO TWO YEARS WILL BE ADDED TO THIS REVIEW CYCLE. THIS PUBLICATION WILL NO LONGER BE IN EFFECT FIVE YEARS AFTER ITS PUBLICATION DATE AS AN OPERATIVE API STANDARD OR, WHERE AN EXTENSION HAS BEEN GRANTED, UPON REPUBLICATION. -
Methane Emissions Estimation Protocol
Methane Emissions Estimation Protocol Prepared for: August 2020 V3.2020 i DOCUMENT VERSION CONTROL PAGE Version Date Explanation Original August 3, 2016 Original Version of Protocol, approved by ONE Future members, posted to website Version 2 August 27, 2018 Revised by ONE Future to reflect minor changes Version 3 August 3 , 2020 Updated to show T&S mileage surrogate for throughput, corrected Appendix C Equations, added Appendix D to clarify annual ONE Future segment intensity calculations, updated some “examples”, corrected format errors, and made other minor clarifications ii TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ......................................................................................................... viii CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................. 10 1.1 Background .................................................................................................................... 10 1.2 ONE Future and the EPA Methane Challenge ............................................................... 12 1.3 Methane Emissions Estimation Protocol ....................................................................... 13 1.4 Natural Gas Systems Supply Chain ............................................................................... 14 CHAPTER 2: GHG EMISSION ESTIMATION METHODS .................................................. 17 2.1 Scope and Boundaries ................................................................................................... -
Press Release
Press Release First quarter 2021 results With results of more than $3 billion, Total fully benefits from rebound in hydrocarbon prices LNG and renewables represent one-third of results Change Change 1Q21 1Q20 1Q19 vs 1Q20 vs 1Q19 Oil price - Brent ($/b) 61.1 50.1 +22% 63.1 -3% Average price of LNG ($/Mbtu) 6.1 6.3 -4% 7.2 -16% Variable cost margin - Refining Europe, VCM ($/t) 5.3 26.3 -80% 33.0 -84% Adjusted net income (Group share)1 - in billions of dollars (B$) 3.0 1.8 69% 2.8 +9% - in dollars per share 1.10 0.66 +68% 1.02 +8% DACF1 (B$) 5.8 4.3 +34% 6.3 -8% Cash Flow from operations (B$) 5.6 1.3 x4.3 3.6 +54% Net income (Group share) of 3.3 B$ in 1Q21 Net-debt-to-capital ratio of 19.5% at March 31, 2021 vs. 21.7% at December 31, 20202 Hydrocarbon production of 2,863 kboe/d in 1Q21, a decrease of 7% compared to 1Q20 First 2021 interim dividend set at 0.66 €/share 2 Paris, April 29, 2021 - The Board of Directors of Total SE, meeting on April 28, 2021, under the chairmanship of Chairman and Chief Executive Officer Patrick Pouyanné, approved the Group's first quarter 2021 accounts. On this occasion, Patrick Pouyanné said: « In the first quarter, the Group fully benefited from rising oil and gas prices, up 38% and 24%, respectively quarter-to- quarter, and its strategy to grow LNG and Renewables and Electricity. -
Governing Petroleum Resources Prospects and Challenges for Tanzania
Governing Petroleum Resources Prospects and Challenges for Tanzania Edited by Odd-Helge Fjeldstad • Donald Mmari • Kendra Dupuy Governing Petroleum Resources: Prospects and Challenges for Tanzania Edited by Odd-Helge Fjeldstad, Donald Mmari and Kendra Dupuy Content Editors iv Acknowledgements v Contributors vi Forewords xi Abbreviations xiv Part I: Becoming a petro-state: An overview of the petroleum sector in Tanzania 1 Governing Petroleum Resources: 1. Petroleum resources, institutions and politics: An introduction to the book Prospects and Challenges for Tanzania Odd-Helge Fjeldstad, Donald Mmari and Kendra Dupuy 4 2. The evolution and current status of the petroleum sector in Tanzania Donald Mmari, James Andilile and Odd-Helge Fjeldstad 13 PART II: The legislative framework and fiscal management of the petroleum sector 23 3. The legislative landscape of the petroleum sector in Tanzania James Andilile, Odd-Helge Fjeldstad and Donald Mmari 26 4. An overview of the fiscal systems for the petroleum sector in Tanzania Donald Mmari, James Andilile, Odd-Helge Fjeldstad and Aslak Orre 35 5. Is the current fiscal regime suitable for the development of Tanzania’s offshore gas reserves? Copyright © Chr. Michelsen Institute 2019 James Andilile, Odd-Helge Fjeldstad, Donald Mmari and Aslak Orre 42 Copyright © Repoa 2019 6. Negotiating Tanzania’s gas future: What matters for investment and government revenues? Thomas Scurfield and David Manley 49 CMI 7. Uncertain potential: Managing Tanzania’s gas revenues P. O. Box 6033 Thomas Scurfield and David Mihalyi 59 N-5892 Bergen 8. Non-resource taxation in a resource-rich setting Norway Odd-Helge Fjeldstad, Cornel Jahari, Donald Mmari and Ingrid Hoem Sjursen 66 [email protected] 9. -
Presentation Title
Understanding changes to EIA’s hydrocarbon gas liquids (HGL) supply/disposition tables September 13, 2017 | Washington, D.C. By Warren Wilczewski, Office of Petroleum, Natural Gas, & Biofuels Analysis U.S. Energy Information Administration Independent Statistics & Analysis www.eia.gov EIA mission: independent statistics and analysis • EIA was created by the U.S. Congress in 1977 • EIA collects, analyzes, and disseminates independent and impartial energy information to promote sound policymaking, efficient markets, and public understanding of energy and its interaction with the economy and the environment • EIA is the Nation's premier source of energy information and, by law, its data, analyses, and forecasts are independent of approval by any other officer or employee of the U.S. Government • EIA does not propose or advocate any policy positions Changes to HGL tables in the Petroleum Supply Monthly Webinar September 13, 2017 2 Key takeaways • EIA implemented the alkanes/olefins split in its monthly tables back to January 2010 – both on the web and in the Petroleum Supply Monthly, on August 31, alongside the release of the 2016 Petroleum Supply Annual • Surveys remain the same, and the data remain the same, only the labels and the table layouts have changed • Based on industry stakeholder insight, EIA developed an allocation methodology for alkanes and olefins in stocks to generate datasets that do not precisely reflect data collected through surveys • The only data that will no longer appear in EIA tables is ethylene, with the exception of refinery production of ethylene Changes to HGL tables in the Petroleum Supply Monthly Webinar September 13, 2017 3 E IA’s HGL terminology bridges how the commodities are supplied, marketed and consumed Refinery Olefins Refinery Olefins Natural Gasoline) Natural Gasoline) Natural Gasoline, & Ref inery Olef ins) Refinery/ Condensate Splitter Crude Oil/ Plant Condensate Lease Condensate Field/Lease Separator Ga s Well Oil Well *Butanes include normal butane and isobutane. -
Alaska's Oil and Gas Fiscal Regime
Alaska’s Oil and Gas Fiscal Regime – A Closer Look from a Global Perspective A l A s k A D e pA r t m e n t o f r e v e n u e Alaska Department of Revenue – Commissioner’s Office January 2012 STATE OF ALASKA Governor Sean Parnell ALASKA DEPARTMENT OF REVENUE Bryan D. Butcher, Commissioner Cover Photo: Alaska Stock; the Central Gas Facility (CGF), Prudhoe Bay Oilfield This report can be downloaded at: www.dor.alaska.gov/acloserlook.pdf TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction ................................................................................. 1 Establish a peer group for the comparison of Alaska’s fiscal system. Hydrocarbon endowment .......................................................... 3 Compare Alaska’s oil and gas production, reserves, and undiscovered resource with its peer group. Lease sales .................................................................................... 8 Review Alaska’s competitive oil and gas leasing program including a short summary of historical activity. Exploration and development activity ................................... 11 A historical perspective on oil and gas activity and employment in Alaska. Alaska’s oil and gas fiscal system ........................................... 19 Highlights of Alaska’s current fiscal system. Fiscal system comparisons ...................................................... 27 Compare Alaska’s oil and gas production fiscal system with its peer group. Summary .................................................................................... 46 Introduction \\\ For -
An Examination of Oil and Gas Taxation and Revenue Management in Ghana
AN EXAMINATION OF OIL AND GAS TAXATION AND REVENUE MANAGEMENT IN GHANA by ABDALLAH ALI-NAKYEA (Student Number: 12384373) A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirement for the degree DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN TAX POLICY in the FACULTY OF ECONOMICS AND MANAGEMENT SCIENCES at the UNIVERSITY OF PRETORIA SUPERVISOR: PROF R.C.D. FRANZSEN CO-SUPERVISOR: PROF A.K. FOSU June 2019 © University of Pretoria University of Pretoria DECLARATION OF ORIGINALITY 1. I understand what plagiarism is and I am aware of the University’s policy in this regard. 2. I declare that this thesis is my own original work. Where other people’s work has been used (either from a printed source, the internet, or any other source), this has been properly acknowledged and referenced in accordance with university requirements. 3. I have not used work previously produced by another student or any other person to hand in as my own. 4. I have not allowed, and will not allow, anyone to copy my work with the intention of passing it off as his or her own work. _____________________________________ ABDALLAH ALI-NAKYEA i ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I owe gratitude to the Almighty Allah for providing me with the strength and knowledge to complete this study. Many individuals and institutions in various ways made valuable contributions to the development of this research. I give my heartfelt gratitude and appreciation to my supervisors Prof. Riël C.D. Franzsen and Prof. Augustin K. Fosu, for their comments, constructive criticism, suggestions, advice and the personal interest shown in the progress and completion of this study. -
ALLOCATION of COSTS Between PETROLEUM LIQUIDS and GASES
FEATURE ALLOCATION of COSTS between PETROLEUM LIQUIDS and GASES HUMBLE OIL & REFINING CO. E. E. HUNTER HOUSTON, TEX. Downloaded from http://onepetro.org/jpt/article-pdf/6/07/11/2237694/spe-292-g.pdf by guest on 02 October 2021 Introduction increased to a rate of about 7.5 trillion cu ft in 1951 and over 8 trillion in 1952. The increase in demand Petroleum producers have been engaged for many thus indicated has been close to 12 per cent a year years in supplying several different types of materials since 1946, more than twice as great as the rate of from the leases they operate. Some leases produce crude increase in demand for crude oil. oil and casinghead gas, others produce gas-well gas and condensate, and still others produce all four of these This extraordinary growth in the volume and value materials. Therefore, the problem of allocating costs of gas has raised it to a position of importance that com between these intermingled products is not a new one. pels recognition, even by companies interested princi pally in oil production, of its status as a joint product. While in some fields gas has been the dominant prod (For some companies and in some fields gas has for uct, most producers have been interested principally in many years been a primary product.) Good account oil. Consequently, little has been done about the cost allo ing practice and business prudence dictate that oil cation problem by oil producing companies. For account producers now adopt some method of allocating costs ing purposes, these companies have generally con to gas, or actually to all four of the joint products sidered gas a by-product, and whatever realization was involved - crude oil, casinghead gas, gas-well gas, and obtained from it was accounted for as a reduction of condensate. -
Hydrocarbon Allocation System Development (PR181126)
Hydrocarbon Allocation System Development (PR181126) A recent paper SOLV® presented at the 2018 North Sea Flow Measurement workshop, available for download at http://www2.flowsolv.com/ZvuHn , outlines how a hydrocarbon allocation system was developed and implemented for a 200kbpd plant, through to operations. There are many considerations requiring an experienced team to resolve, such as found in the example below, which achieves a consistent material balance of <0.5% of throughput. Just a few of the specialist considerations include: - • Flow measurement and meter selection • Measurement sensitivity and uncertainty • Process simulation and thermodynamics • Detailed calculations by component • Software system design, rigorous testing and implementation • Contract analysis and interpretation • Software design…….and so on At SOLV®, we have an experienced, highly qualified team that has produced exceptional, proven results for our clients. Based in Scotland with over 40 years combined experience, in oil and gas flow measurement, hydrocarbon allocation systems and software development, the SOLV® team lead by Martin Basil includes:- Martin Basil – Flow Measurement Consultant Chartered Engineer, and graduate of Robert Gordons University, Aberdeen, BSc Electrical and Electronic Eng. Martin has been involved in Hydrocarbon Allocation and Measurement worldwide for some 28 years. In 1998 Martin pioneered the use of Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS) techniques for flow measurement and allocation uncertainty, now the accepted norm included in the measurement uncertainty standard ISO5168: 2005. Martin developed many allocation systems in use today from North America to the Middle East including multiphase, and allocation measurements for crudes, condensates, LPG’s, LNG, and gas. He has undertaken over sixty allocation uncertainty studies for third-party exposure for field entrants. -
Licensing and Upstream Petroleum Fiscal Regimes: Assessing Lebanon’S Choices
The Lebanese Center LCPS for Policy Studies Licensing and Upstream LCPS policy papers are in-depth research papers that address relevant policy questions and Petroleum Fiscal Regimes: shed fresh light on topics related to governance and Assessing Lebanon’s Choices development. Carole Nakhle Policy Paper Founded in 1989, the Lebanese Center for Policy Studies is a Beirut-based independent, non-partisan think-tank whose mission is to produce and advocate policies that improve good governance in fields such as oil and gas, economic development, public finance and decentralization. This research was funded by the International Development Research Center Copyright© 2015 The Lebanese Center for Policy Studies Designed by Polypod Executed by Hamsa Moubayed Sadat Tower, Tenth Floor P.O.B 55-215, Leon Street, Ras Beirut, Lebanon T: + 961 1 79 93 01 F: + 961 1 79 93 02 [email protected] www.lcps-lebanon.org Licensing and Upstream Petroleum Fiscal Regimes: Assessing Lebanon’s Choices Carole Nakhle Carole Nakhle is the director of Crystol Energy (UK). As an energy economist, she has more than eighteen years of experience in international petroleum contractual arrangements and fiscal regimes for the oil and gas industry, world oil and gas market developments, energy policy, and revenue management. She has worked in the oil and gas industry (Eni and Statoil), policy making (Special Parliamentary Advisor in the House of Lords), academia (University of Surrey), and as a consultant to the IMF, World Bank, and Commonwealth Secretariat. Dr. Nakhle is a research fellow at the Lebanese Center for Policy Studies and a scholar at the Carnegie Middle East Center. -
The Impact of Fiscal Incentives in the Pre-Salt Oil Business in Brazil
THE IMPACT OF FISCAL INCENTIVES IN THE PRE-SALT OIL BUSINESS IN BRAZIL Patrícia Pereira Pedra Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada ao Programa de Pós-graduação em Planejamento Energético, COPPE, da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, como parte dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do título de Mestre em Planejamento Energético. Orientador: Alexandre Salem Szklo Rio de Janeiro Março de 2020 THE IMPACT OF FISCAL INCENTIVES IN THE PRE-SALT OIL BUSINESS IN BRAZIL Patrícia Pereira Pedra DISSERTAÇÃO SUBMETIDA AO CORPO DOCENTE DO INSTITUTO ALBERTO LUIZ COIMBRA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO E PESQUISA DE ENGENHARIA DA UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO RIO DE JANEIRO COMO PARTE DOS REQUISITOS NECESSÁRIOS PARA A OBTENÇÃO DO GRAU DE MESTRE EM CIÊNCIAS EM PLANEJAMENTO ENERGÉTICO. Orientador: Alexandre Salem Szklo Prof. Alexandre Salem Szklo Prof. Roberto Schaeffer Prof. Edmar Luiz Fagundes de Almeida RIO DE JANEIRO, RJ - BRASIL MARÇO DE 2020 Pedra, Patrícia Pereira The Impact of Fiscal Incentives in the Pre-Salt Oil Business in Brazil / Patrícia Pereira Pedra. – Rio de Janeiro: UFRJ/COPPE, 2020. XIII, 98 p.: il.; 29,7 cm. Orientador: Alexandre Salem Sklo Dissertação (mestrado) – UFRJ/ COPPE/ Programa de Planejamento Energético, 2020. Referências Bibliográficas: p. 72-83. 1. Oil production 2. Pre-salt. 3. Fiscal Incentives 4. Economic Analysis I. Szklo, Alexandre Salem. II. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, COPPE, Programa de Planejamento Energético. III. Título. iii AGRADECIMENTOS Agradeço à minha família, especialmente ao meu marido Paulo Brandão, por seu amor em todos os momentos. Meus filhos, pela compreensão das horas deles retiradas para o estudo. Meus pais que sempre me apoiaram e incentivaram a nunca parar de aprender. -
Precept 4. Fiscal Regimes and Contract Terms
Precept 4. Fiscal regimes and contract terms Technical Guide 1. Introduction1 Fiscal regimes and their implementation are critical to the overall strength of the resource sector decision chain. The effectiveness of a regime will depend on clarity with respect to its objectives, the instruments chosen to meet those objectives and their administration, relative to the economic situation in the country. 2 These themes and related fiscal issues are discussed here. This Precept first provides a high level outline of the objectives, trade-offs and guiding principles that can help governments manage their extractive fiscal systems. It then describes the three main types of fiscal regimes: tax-royalty, production sharing and service contracts; and the individual fiscal instruments that are incorporated in each. The Precept also discusses the importance of having a set of stable fiscal terms, mechanisms to ensure this stability, and, when necessary, how to renegotiate terms. The Precept concludes with a discussion of tax administration issues. This Precept focuses on the instruments of fiscal policy and administration. A discussion of the actors is provided in Precept 3. Resource Sector Characteristics An appreciation of relevant resource sector characteristics is an essential prerequisite to success in this area. As such, this Precept begins by detailing the main characteristics of extractive industries in low-income countries that are relevant to the task of fiscal policy formation. The oil, gas and mining sectors have a number of features which, while bearing on all links in the resource sector decision chain, present particular challenges to the 1 This Precept is applicable principally to the treatment of non-state owned extractive companies.