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NFS in Netapp ONTAP Best Practice and Implementation Guide

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NFS in Netapp ONTAP Best Practice and Implementation Guide Network File Systems (NFS) in Lenovo ONTAP Best Practices and Implementation Guide Abstract This document provides basic concepts, support information, configuration tips, and best practices for NFS in Lenovo® ONTAP®. This guide covers the latest available ONTAP versions for currency and length. In most cases, the commands and best practices listed in this guide apply to all ONTAP versions. Results can vary in older ONTAP versions. Consult the product documentation for your ONTAP version when necessary. First edition (March 2021) © Copyright Lenovo 2021. LIMITED AND RESTRICTED RIGHTS NOTICE: If data or software is delivered pursuant to a General Services Administration (GSA) contract, use, reproduction, or disclosure is subject to restrictions set forth in Contract No. GS-35F-05925 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 Basic NFS Concepts in Lenovo ONTAP ............................................................................................. 8 1.1 Intended Audience and Assumptions ..............................................................................................................8 1.2 Stated Support for NFS ...................................................................................................................................8 1.3 NFS Features 9 1.4 NFS Server Options ...................................................................................................................................... 10 1.5 Namespace Concepts ................................................................................................................................... 12 1.6 File Locking Concepts ................................................................................................................................... 20 1.7 Export Concepts ........................................................................................................................................... 22 1.8 The Anon User 29 1.9 The Root User 30 1.10 Limiting Access to the SVM Root Volume ..................................................................................................... 30 1.11 Mapping All UIDs to a Single UID (squash_all) ............................................................................................. 32 1.12 Special Character Considerations ................................................................................................................. 33 2 NFS Version Considerations ............................................................................................................. 34 2.1 NFSv3 Considerations .................................................................................................................................. 34 2.2 NFSv4.x Considerations ............................................................................................................................... 38 2.3 NFSv4.0 40 2.4 NFSv4.1 49 2.5 NFSv4.2 53 3 Name Services .................................................................................................................................... 53 3.1 Domain Name System (DNS) ....................................................................................................................... 53 3.2 Identity Management Name Services ........................................................................................................... 54 3.3 Local Files 54 4 Multiprotocol NAS .............................................................................................................................. 56 5 Nondisruptive Operations with NFS ................................................................................................. 60 5.1 Replay/Reply Cache ..................................................................................................................................... 60 5.2 File Locking 60 5.3 NFSv4.1 Sessions ........................................................................................................................................ 61 5.4 What Happens During LIF Migrations in NFSv4.x? ....................................................................................... 61 5.5 LIF Migrations with NFSv3 ............................................................................................................................ 61 5.6 Direct Connect NFS ...................................................................................................................................... 62 6 Volume Styles: FlexGroup or FlexVol? ............................................................................................ 63 7 NFS Auditing ....................................................................................................................................... 63 3 NFS in Lenovo ONTAP: Best Practices and Implementation Guide © 2021 Lenovo. All Rights Reserved. 7.1 NFS Audit Setup ........................................................................................................................................... 63 8 NFS Best Practices ............................................................................................................................. 64 8.1 General ONTAP Best Practices .................................................................................................................... 64 8.2 ONTAP Data LIF Best Practices with NFS Environments ............................................................................. 64 8.3 NFS Security Best Practices ......................................................................................................................... 68 8.4 Name Services Best Practices ...................................................................................................................... 74 8.5 NFS Client Best Practices ............................................................................................................................. 75 9 Logging, Monitoring and Statistics .................................................................................................. 80 9.1 Managing NFS Locks .................................................................................................................................... 80 9.2 NFS Events – Event Messaging System (EMS) ........................................................................................... 80 9.3 NFS Statistics 81 9.4 Determining What Type of Virtual Machine Is Hosted on NFS...................................................................... 81 9.5 Determining If Oracle Is in Use ..................................................................................................................... 82 9.6 Performance Monitoring Enhancements ....................................................................................................... 82 10 Advanced NFS Concepts ................................................................................................................... 85 10.1 Unmask 85 10.2 NFS User nfsnobody ..................................................................................................................................... 86 10.3 NFSv4.x – nobody:nobody ............................................................................................................................ 87 10.4 Hiding Snapshot Copies ............................................................................................................................... 89 10.5 Viewing and Managing NFS Credentials ...................................................................................................... 89 10.6 Using NFSv4.x ACLs with NFSv3 mounts .................................................................................................... 94 10.7 Dynamic NAS TCP Autotuning test ............................................................................................................... 96 10.8 Network Connection Concurrency: NFSv3 ................................................................................................... 97 10.9 NFSv4.x Client IDs/NFS4ERR_CLID_INUSE ............................................................................................. 101 10.10 NFS Silly Renames ........................................................................................................... 101 10.11 NAS Flow Control ............................................................................................................. 102 10.12 Using FlexClone to Quickly Change All UIDs/GIDs in a Volume ...................................... 102 10.13 Auxiliary GIDs – Addressing the 16 GID Limitation for NFS ............................................. 102 10.14 High File Count Considerations ........................................................................................ 104 11 NFS on Nontraditional Operating Systems .................................................................................... 113 11.1 NFS on Windows ........................................................................................................................................ 113 11.2 NFS Using Apple OS .................................................................................................................................. 114 Appendix A: Examples, Configuration Output, and Other Information ............................................ 115 Examples ............................................................................................................................................................. 115 4 NFS in Lenovo ONTAP: Best Practices
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