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Pearl River Basin Report FINAL 4.Pdf 2009 PPeeaarrll RRiivveerr BBaassiinn Characterization Report Louisiana State Reservoir Priority and Development Program BASIN CHARACTERIZATION REPORT FOR THE PEARL RIVER BASIN The Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development (DOTD) is responsible for reviewing and prioritizing proposed reservoir projects for which State of Louisiana (State) funding is being sought, and then recommending projects to the State Legislature. To support reservoir project review, prioritization, and recommendation efforts, DOTD has prepared characterization reports of water resources conditions in each of the nine principal surface water Report Topics Page basins in the State. These characterization reports provide an overview of water uses, Basin Overview ...................................2 needs, and concerns, and can be used by applicants for State funding, and by State Land Use and Legal Entities ...................4 agencies as they evaluate the applications. The basin characterization reports also Physiographic and Climatic contain extensive references that interested parties can use to find more information Information ........................................5 from Federal, State, and local agencies or other sources. The reports represent a Water Use .........................................6 “snapshot” of conditions in early 2009 (or when the references cited in the reports Surface Water ....................................8 were published). Groundwater ....................................12 Flooding ..........................................14 Based on available data, this basin characterization report provides an overview of the Environmental and Cultural Issues .........15 water uses, needs, and key water resources concerns for the Pearl River Basin (PRB) Recreation, Navigation, and (Map 1). Additional technical information on important issues may be provided in Hydropower ................................................17 separate technical reports. Interbasin and Interstate Issues ............17 Summary of Water Resources Needs .....18 Abbreviations and References ..............20 Red Bayou River ARKANSAS Macon Ouachita River Legend *# Major Cities %&'# Interstate B ± Bayou a y D Arbonne o Major Streams u Lake D o r c River Basins h e a t ATCHAFALAYA- TECHE-VERMILION Shreveport *# ¨¦§20 CALCASIEU-MERMENTAU Lake r LAKE PONTCHARTRAIN- LAKE MAUREPAS Bistineau ve Ri f n eu o S o c MISSISSIPPI RIVER DELTA a Wallace B a bi n Lake M R e iv O e u u OUACHITA RIVER r a o y c r R h a e i e d ta B v i PEARL RIVER R R R i i v v s e e r r a s Saline n RED RIVER D e Lake ug T Clear de SABINE RIVER R mo Lake iv n r e a e r v i R TENSAS RIVER i p p i s s i s s i Toledo ¨¦§49 M 010 20 40 60 80 Bend Reservoir Miles Catahoula Lake MISSISSIPPI Red River TEXAS Cocodrie Lake Tangipahoa Tangipahoa C B o a Whiskey River c y Chitto o ou d Pearl r Creek i r e e v i River R e n i b a S P e a r Baton Rouge l *# 12 R A §¨¦ iv t e Calcasieu River c 55 r h ¨¦§ a Amite f a la River y a 10 R *# Lake § i Lake ¨¦ v Lake Pontchartrain Mermentau River e M r is Maurepas Charles sis sip pi Ri B ve a r yo Vermilion u *# New Te River ch Orleans Sabine Calcasieu Lake Grand Lake e Lake Lac Des Allemands White Lake Lake Salvador Gulf of Mexico Map 1. Major Surface Water Basins of Louisiana1 1 BASIN OVERVIEW The PRB is located in southeastern Lake Pontchartrain-Lake Maurepas and its tributaries. The southern PRB Louisiana and has an area of 2,400 Basin to the west, and the Gulf of is in the Coastal Zone, as delineated by square miles2 (Map 2). The PRB is Mexico to the south. The PRB consists the Louisiana Department of Natural bounded by the Mississippi-Louisiana of the Louisiana portion of the upland Resources (LDNR). State line to the north and east, the terraces and valleys of the Pearl River Tangipahoa P us he pa ± ta pa C 0 10 20 re ek Washington Scale in Miles B B og o ue Bogalusa g L u us e a C Cre h ek it to R iv er St. Tammany P ea rl R iv er Legend W e Scenic Rivers s t P Main Waterways e a r l Lakes, Reservoirs, Canals R i v and Other Water Features e r Cities Coastal Zone Pearl River Basin Parish Boundary Map 2. Parishes, Main Waterways, and City Boundaries3 2 Bogalusa is the largest city in the PRB. 80,000 Estimated total population in the PRB in 2005 was 69,834. Table 1 shows 70,000 the 2005 population distribution in the 60,000 PRB by parish. Most of Washington 50,000 Parish and small parts of St. Tammany 40,000 and Tangipahoa parishes are located 30,000 in the PRB. Figure 1 shows historical 20,000 basin population from 1960 to 2005. Population Basin Total 10,000 The population of the PRB grew steadily from 1970 through 2005. 0 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 Principal economic activities in the Pearl River Basin Year PRB include the timber industry and x Figure 1. Historical PRB Population4 the manufacture of wood products. Pearl River Also, the lower Pearl River’s healthy marsh complex helps maintain a viable fisheries industry in Louisiana and Mississippi.5 The primary future economic growth areas of this basin are not clearly defined. Table 1. PRB Population by Parish in 20054 Parish Population St. Tammany* 26,063 Tangipahoa* 1,249 Washington* 42,523 TOTAL 69,834 *Parish is located in more than one basin; population estimated for the area within the PRB. PRB=Pearl River Basin 11 3 LAND USE AND LEGAL ENTITIES Map 3 shows 2003 land uses in the decrease slightly in the PRB, and that irreversible conversion of any Prime PRB. The principal land use is wetlands, a large increase in urban land uses is Farmland for reservoir construction with interspersed agricultural and expected.6 The PRB contains some and water storage. Table 2 lists legal forested land areas in the northwest and land considered Prime Farmland by the entities in the PRB that may affect central regions of the basin. Economic Federal Natural Resources Conservation or be affected by water resources modeling for the 1992 to 2020 period Service (NRCS).7 The NRCS must development. indicates that forested land uses may be contacted regarding proposed ! ! ± 0 10 20 ! Scale in Miles Legend ! Oil/Gas Fields Land Use Open Water Developed, Open Space Developed, Low Intensity Developed, Medium Intensity Developed, High Intensity Barren Forest Natural Vegetation ! Pasture or Crops Wetlands Map 3. PRB Land Uses in 20038 4 Table 2. PRB Water Resources Legal Entities Legal Entity Responsibilities Capital Region Planning Commission Planning and development in south central Louisiana Regional Planning Commission for Jefferson, Orleans, Plaquemines, St. Bernard Planning and development in southeast Louisiana and St. Tammany Parishes PRB=Pearl River Basin PHYSIOGRAPHIC AND CLIMATIC INFORMATION Map 4 shows general basin topography. southern PRB encompasses flat coastal point, 374 feet above mean sea level, The PRB is dominated by the Pine marshes subject to tidal flooding. The is located in Washington Parish, on the Hills physiographic division, which is lowest elevation within PRB, at the northern basin boundary. characterized by undulating hills covered southern end of the basin, is 2 feet by pine and hardwood forests. The below mean sea level. The highest [_ Basin High ± 0 10 20 Scale in Miles Legend Geologic Faults Elevation Relative to Mean Sea Level (Feet) Basin High : 374 Basin Low Basin Low : -2 [ Highest/Lowest Elevation Locations [_ Map 4. PRB Topography9 5 Soils in the Pine Hills physiographic at Bogalusa, which varies between Average high temperature at Bogalusa region are dominated by loamy, fluvial about 40 and 80 inches per year, with a in the warmest month, July, is 92oF; deposits.10 Average annual rainfall historical average of about 61 inches. average low temperature in the coldest in the PRB is 64 inches per year Average annual temperature generally month, January, is 38oF. 12 throughout the entire basin.11 Figure increases from north to south from 66 to 2 shows historical annual precipitation 68 degrees Fahrenheit (oF) in the PRB.11 100 Annual Total 90 Historical Average 80 70 60 50 40 30 Precipitation (inches) Precipitation 20 10 0 Figure 2. Historical Annual Precipitation at Bogalusa11 WATER USE Water use in the PRB in 2005 is nearly 10 mgd. Nearly all surface from 6.2 mgd in 1990 to 13.5 mgd summarized in Table 3 by sector, water water used in the basin, exclusively in 2005. Total industrial water use type, and parish. Table 3 is based on from Bogue Lusa Creek, was dedicated increased from 13.7 mgd in 1990 to 20.5 water withdrawal data, which may be to industrial purposes, mainly for mgd in 2005. greater than total water consumptive manufacturing paper products. Because Per capita water use in 2005 (based use. For example, water withdrawn groundwater use is not reported by on reported rural domestic and public for irrigation is not entirely consumed surface water basin, individual parish supply uses by parish and population) by crops, allowing a percentage of the groundwater use was estimated by for PRB parishes varied from 103 water to be returned to a waterway. multiplying total parish groundwater gallons per capita (person) per day Groundwater served as the major water use by the percentage of total parish (gpcd) in St. Tammany Parish to 301 source in the PRB in 2005. Industry and population within the PRB (Table 3); gpcd in Washington Parish.13 The large public supply used this supply nearly actual groundwater use by parish may differences between parishes suggest equally in 2005: the sectors used 14.9 differ from this estimation.
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