DOCSLIB.ORG

The Background Documents Referred to in This Chapter May Be Found on the Water

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Background Documents Referred to in This Chapter May Be Found on the Water 12 Chemical fact sheets he background documents referred to in this chapter may be found on the Water TSanitation and Health website at http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/ dwq/guidelines/en/. 12.1 Acrylamide Residual acrylamide monomer occurs in polyacrylamide coagulants used in the treat- ment of drinking-water. In general, the maximum authorized dose of polymer is 1mg/litre. At a monomer content of 0.05%, this corresponds to a maximum theoret- ical concentration of 0.5mg/litre of the monomer in water. Practical concentrations may be lower by a factor of 2–3. This applies to the anionic and non-ionic polyacry- lamides, but residual levels from cationic polyacrylamides may be higher. Polyacry- lamides are also used as grouting agents in the construction of drinking-water reservoirs and wells. Additional human exposure might result from food, owing to the use of polyacrylamide in food processing and the potential formation of acrylamide in foods cooked at high temperatures. Guideline value 0.0005 mg/litre (0.5 mg/litre) Occurrence Concentrations of a few micrograms per litre have been detected in tap water. Basis of guideline Combined mammary, thyroid and uterine tumours observed in derivation female rats in a drinking-water study, and using the linearized multistage model Limit of detection 0.032 mg/litre by GC; 0.2 mg/litre by HPLC; 10 mg/litre by HPLC with UV detection Treatment achievability Conventional treatment processes do not remove acrylamide. Acrylamide concentrations in drinking-water are controlled by limiting either the acrylamide content of polyacrylamide flocculants or the dose used, or both. Additional comments Although the practical quantification level for acrylamide in most laboratories is above the guideline value (generally in the order of 1 mg/litre), concentrations in drinking-water can be controlled by product and dose specification. 296 12. CHEMICAL FACT SHEETS Toxicological review Following ingestion, acrylamide is readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and widely distributed in body fluids. Acrylamide can cross the placenta. It is neurotoxic, affects germ cells and impairs reproductive function. In mutagenicity assays, acry- lamide was negative in the Ames test but induced gene mutations in mammalian cells and chromosomal aberrations in vitro and in vivo. In a long-term carcinogenicity study in rats exposed via drinking-water, acrylamide induced scrotal, thyroid and adrenal tumours in males and mammary, thyroid and uterine tumours in females. IARC has placed acrylamide in Group 2A. Recent data have shown that exposure to acrylamide from cooked food is much higher than previously thought. The signifi- cance of this new information for the risk assessment has not yet been determined. History of guideline development The 1958, 1963 and 1971 WHO International Standards for Drinking-water and the first edition of the Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality, published in 1984, did not refer to acrylamide. The 1993 Guidelines established a guideline value of 0.0005mg/litre associated with an upper-bound excess lifetime cancer risk of 10-5, noting that although the practical quantification level for acrylamide is generally in the order of 0.001mg/litre, concentrations in drinking-water can be controlled by product and dose specification. Assessment date The risk assessment was conducted in 2003. Principal reference WHO (2003) Acrylamide in drinking-water. Background document for preparation of WHO Guidelines for drinking-water quality. Geneva, World Health Organization (WHO/SDE/WSH/03.04/71). 12.2 Alachlor Alachlor (CAS No. 15972-60-8) is a pre- and post-emergence herbicide used to control annual grasses and many broad-leaved weeds in maize and a number of other crops. It is lost from soil mainly through volatilization, photodegradation and biodegrada- tion. Many alachlor degradation products have been identified in soil. 297 GUIDELINES FOR DRINKING-WATER QUALITY Guideline value 0.02 mg/litre Occurrence Has been detected in groundwater and surface water; has also been detected in drinking-water at levels below 0.002 mg/litre Basis of guideline Calculated by applying the linearized multistage model to data on the derivation incidence of nasal tumours in rats Limit of detection 0.1 mg/litre by gas–liquid chromatography with electrolytic conductivity detection in the nitrogen mode or by capillary column GC with a nitrogen–phosphorus detector Treatment achievability 0.001 mg/litre should be achievable using GAC Toxicological review On the basis of available experimental data, evidence for the genotoxicity of alachlor is considered to be equivocal. However, a metabolite of alachlor, 2,6-diethylaniline, has been shown to be mutagenic. Available data from two studies in rats clearly indi- cate that alachlor is carcinogenic, causing benign and malignant tumours of the nasal turbinate, malignant stomach tumours and benign thyroid tumours. History of guideline development The 1958 and 1963 WHO International Standards for Drinking-water did not refer to alachlor, but the 1971 International Standards suggested that pesticide residues that may occur in community water supplies make only a minimal contribution to the total daily intake of pesticides for the population served. Alachlor was not evaluated in the first edition of the Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality, published in 1984, but the 1993 Guidelines calculated a guideline value of 0.02mg/litre for alachlor in drinking-water, corresponding to an upper-bound excess lifetime cancer risk of 10-5. Assessment date The risk assessment was originally conducted in 1993. The Final Task Force Meeting in 2003 agreed that this risk assessment be brought forward to this edition of the Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality. Principal reference WHO (2003) Alachlor in drinking-water. Background document for preparation of WHO Guidelines for drinking-water quality. Geneva, World Health Organization (WHO/SDE/WSH/03.04/31). 12.3 Aldicarb Aldicarb (CAS No. 116-06-3) is a systemic pesticide used to control nematodes in soil and insects and mites on a variety of crops. It is very soluble in water and highly mobile in soil. It degrades mainly by biodegradation and hydrolysis, persisting for weeks to months. 298 12. CHEMICAL FACT SHEETS Guideline value 0.01 mg/litre Occurrence Frequently found as a contaminant in groundwater, particularly when associated with sandy soil; concentrations in well water as high as 500 mg/litre have been measured. Aldicarb sulfoxide and aldicarb sulfone residues are found in an approximately 1 : 1 ratio in groundwater. ADI 0.003 mg/kg of body weight based on cholinesterase depression in a single oral dose study in human volunteers Limit of detection 0.001 mg/litre by reverse-phase HPLC with fluorescence detection Treatment achievability 0.001 mg/litre should be achievable using GAC or ozonation Guideline derivation • allocation to water 10% of ADI • weight 60-kg adult • consumption 2 litres/day Additional comments The guideline value derived from the 1992 JMPR assessment was very similar to the guideline value derived in the second edition, which was therefore retained. Toxicological review Aldicarb is one of the most acutely toxic pesticides in use, although the only consis- tently observed toxic effect with both long-term and single-dose administration is acetylcholinesterase inhibition. It is metabolized to the sulfoxide and sulfone. Aldicarb sulfoxide is a more potent inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase than aldicarb itself, while aldicarb sulfone is considerably less toxic than either aldicarb or the sulfoxide. The weight of evidence indicates that aldicarb, aldicarb sulfoxide and aldicarb sulfone are not genotoxic or carcinogenic. IARC has concluded that aldicarb is not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity (Group 3). History of guideline development The 1958 and 1963 WHO International Standards for Drinking-water did not refer to aldicarb, but the 1971 International Standards suggested that pesticide residues that may occur in community water supplies make only a minimal contribution to the total daily intake of pesticides for the population served. Aldicarb was not evaluated in the first edition of the Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality, published in 1984, but a health-based guideline value of 0.01mg/litre was derived for aldicarb in the 1993 Guidelines. Assessment date The risk assessment was conducted in 2003. 299 GUIDELINES FOR DRINKING-WATER QUALITY Principal references FAO/WHO (1993) Pesticide residues in food – 1992. Rome, Food and Agriculture Orga- nization of the United Nations, Joint FAO/WHO Meeting on Pesticide Residues (Report No. 116). WHO (2003) Aldicarb in drinking-water. Background document for preparation of WHO Guidelines for drinking-water quality. Geneva, World Health Organization (WHO/SDE/WSH/03.04/72). 12.4 Aldrin and dieldrin Aldrin (CAS No. 309-00-2) and dieldrin (CAS No. 60-57-1) are chlorinated pesticides that are used against soil-dwelling pests, for wood protection and, in the case of diel- drin, against insects of public health importance. Since the early 1970s, a number of countries have either severely restricted or banned the use of both compounds, par- ticularly in agriculture. The two compounds are closely related with respect to their toxicology and mode of action. Aldrin is rapidly converted to dieldrin under most environmental conditions and in the body. Dieldrin is a highly persistent organochlo- rine compound that has low mobility in soil, can be lost to the atmosphere and bioac- cumulates. Dietary
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Final Report of the September 11-14, 2012 FIFRA SAP Meeting On
    SAP Minutes No. 2012-06 A Set of Scientific Issues Being Considered by the Environmental Protection Agency Regarding Pollinator Risk Assessment Framework September 11 – 14, 2012 FIFRA Scientific Advisory Panel Meeting Held at the Environmental Protection Agency Conference Center Arlington, VA 1 2 NOTICE These meeting minutes have been written as part of the activities of the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA), Scientific Advisory Panel (SAP). The meeting minutes represent the views and recommendations of the FIFRA SAP, not the United States Environmental Protection Agency (Agency). The content of the meeting minutes does not represent information approved or disseminated by the Agency. The meeting minutes have not been reviewed for approval by the Agency and, hence, the contents of these meeting minutes do not necessarily represent the views and policies of the Agency, nor of other agencies in the Executive Branch of the Federal Government, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute a recommendation for use. The FIFRA SAP is a Federal advisory committee operating in accordance with the Federal Advisory Committee Act and established under the provisions of FIFRA as amended by the Food Quality Protection Act (FQPA) of 1996. The FIFRA SAP provides advice, information, and recommendations to the Agency Administrator on pesticides and pesticide-related issues regarding the impact of regulatory actions on health and the environment. The Panel serves as the primary scientific peer review mechanism of the Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Pesticide Programs (OPP), and is structured to provide balanced expert assessment of pesticide and pesticide-related matters facing the Agency.
    [Show full text]
  • US EPA, Pesticide Product Label, NOVALURON EC INSECTICIDE,07
    U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY EPA Reg. Number: Date of Issuance: Office of Pesticide Programs Registration Division (7505P) 2749-582 7/6/18 1200 Pennsylvania Ave., N.W. Washington, D.C. 20460 NOTICE OF PESTICIDE: Term of Issuance: X Registration Reregistration Conditional (under FIFRA, as amended) Name of Pesticide Product: Novaluron EC Insecticide Name and Address of Registrant (include ZIP Code): John F. Wright Authorized Representative of Aceto Agricultural Chemicals Corporation 8595 Collier Blvd. Suite 107-51 Naples, FL 34114 Note: Changes in labeling differing in substance from that accepted in connection with this registration must be submitted to and accepted by the Registration Division prior to use of the label in commerce. In any correspondence on this product always refer to the above EPA registration number. On the basis of information furnished by the registrant, the above named pesticide is hereby registered under the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act. Registration is in no way to be construed as an endorsement or recommendation of this product by the Agency. In order to protect health and the environment, the Administrator, on his motion, may at any time suspend or cancel the registration of a pesticide in accordance with the Act. The acceptance of any name in connection with the registration of a product under this Act is not to be construed as giving the registrant a right to exclusive use of the name or to its use if it has been covered by others. This product is conditionally registered in accordance with FIFRA section 3(c)(7)(A). You must comply with the following conditions: 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Guide to Integrated Pest Management (IPM) a Science-Based Approach for Ecologically Sound Land Management
    Guide to Integrated Pest Management (IPM) A science-based approach for ecologically sound land management The first and most By Dr. Vera Krischik, important steps of IPM are and Laurie Schneider to accept that plants can University of Minnesota, handle some pest and Entomology, Jan. 2020 disease damage, and to determine your economic threshold. INSIDE: Left: Regular inspection of plants for pests and disease. • What is IPM? photo: PFA 2020 • IPM Integrated Pest Management (IPM) is an ecosystem-based approach that employs long- Implementation term prevention of pests and pest damage through monitoring of plants, pests and weather to project ahead and plan. While pesticides simply respond to the pest, IPM addresses the source of pest problems. IPM strives to avoid chemicals harmful to • Natural pollinators and toxic to the environment. Predator Guide It's important for land managers, homeowners and farmers to learn how to implement an IPM plan. Any individual or organization can adopt an IPM plan for spaces from backyards • Insecticide to public parks to farms. IPM plans should be updated annually, and staff need to be Toxicity to trained on pesticide use and best practices. Pollinators IPM promotes multiple tactics and controls to manage pests and to suppress the population size below levels that will damage the plant. Cultural controls are practices that reduce pest establishment, reproduction, Find more on IPM dispersal and survival. For example, the pest's environment can be disrupted by turning and pollinator under garden soil, mowing, sterilizing tools and harvesting early. Composting, watering, conservation at: mulching, pruning, fertilizing and ground covers can all help improve plant health, resulting ncipmhort.cfans.umn.edu in healthier plants that can tolerate some damage.
    [Show full text]
  • Impacts of Insecticides on Predatory Mite, Neoseiulus Fallacis (Acari: Phytoseidae) and Mite Flaring of European Red Mites, Panonychus Ulmi (Acari: Tetranychidae)
    IMPACTS OF INSECTICIDES ON PREDATORY MITE, NEOSEIULUS FALLACIS (ACARI: PHYTOSEIDAE) AND MITE FLARING OF EUROPEAN RED MITES, PANONYCHUS ULMI (ACARI: TETRANYCHIDAE) By Raja Zalinda Raja Jamil A DISSERTATION Submitted to Michigan State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Entomology–Doctor of Philosophy 2014 ABSTRACT IMPACTS OF INSECTICIDES ON PREDATORY MITE, NEOSEIULUS FALLACIS (ACARI: PHYTOSEIDAE) AND MITE FLARING OF EUROPEAN RED MITES, PANONYCHUS ULMI (ACARI: TETRANYCHIDAE) By Raja Zalinda Raja Jamil Panonychus ulmi, the European red mite, is a major agricultural pest found in most deciduous fruit growing areas. It is the most important mite species attacking tree fruits in humid regions of North America. Bristle-like mouthparts of this mite species pierce the leaf cell wall and ingestion of their contents including chlorophyll causes bronzing injury to leaves. Heavy mite feeding early in the season (late Jun and July) reduce tree growth and yield as well as the fruit bud formation, thereby reduce yields the following year. Biological control of this pest species by predators has been a cornerstone of IPM. Phytoseiid mite, Neoseiulus fallacis (Garman) is the most effective predator mite in Michigan apple orchards and provides mid- and late-season biological control of European red mites. Achieving full potential of biological control in tree fruit has been challenging due to the periodic sprays of broad-spectrum insecticides. There have been cases of mite flaring reported by farmers in relation to the reduced-risk (RR) insecticides that were registered in commercial apple production in the past ten years. These insecticides are often used in fruit trees to control key direct pests such as the codling moth.
    [Show full text]
  • Toxicity of the Insect Growth Regulator Novaluron to the Non-Target Predatory Bug Podisus Maculiventris (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae)
    Biological Control 38 (2006) 196–204 www.elsevier.com/locate/ybcon Toxicity of the insect growth regulator novaluron to the non-target predatory bug Podisus maculiventris (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) G.C. Cutler a,*, C.D. Scott-Dupree a, J.H. Tolman b, C.R. Harris a a Department of Environmental Biology, Ontario Agricultural College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ont., Canada N1G 2W1 b Southern Crop Protection and Food Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 1391 Sandford St., London, Ont., Canada N5V 4T3 Received 16 September 2005; accepted 22 December 2005 Available online 17 February 2006 Abstract Novaluron is a novel insect growth regulator that exhibits potent insecticidal activity against the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say). The predatory bug Podisus maculiventris (Say) is a natural enemy of the potato beetle found throughout North Amer- ica, and is widely available commercially. Anticipating the use of novaluron in L. decemlineata management, we conducted laboratory experiments to determine the susceptibility of P. maculiventris to novaluron. Although there was a 2- to 3-day delay in the onset of toxic effects, second instars were susceptible by direct contact and through exposure to potato foliage treated with field rates. When P. maculiventris eggs were dipped in field rate novaluron solutions, there was no significant effect on percent hatch, but there was subsequently a sharp decrease in the ability of hatched nymphs to molt. Similarly, fifth instars actively preyed on L. decemlineata larvae dipped in field rate novaluron solutions, but were thereafter unable to molt into adults. Female P. maculiventris adults caged with L. decemlineata larvae and novaluron treated potato plants had reduced longevity compared to those caged with untreated potato plants.
    [Show full text]
  • Fate of Pyriproxyfen in Soils and Plants
    toxics Review Fate of Pyriproxyfen in Soils and Plants James Devillers CTIS, 3 Chemin de la Gravière, 69140 Rillieux-La-Pape, France; [email protected] Received: 17 February 2020; Accepted: 10 March 2020; Published: 13 March 2020 Abstract: Since the 1990s, the insect growth regulator pyriproxyfen has been widely used worldwide as a larvicide in vector control and in agriculture to fight a very large number of pests. Due to its widespread use it is of first importance to know how pyriproxyfen behaves in the terrestrial ecosystems. This was the goal of this work to establish the fate profile of pyriproxyfen in soils and plants. Thus, in soil, pyriproxyfen photodegrades slowly but its aerobic degradation is fast. The insecticide presents a high tendency to adsorb onto soils and it is not subject to leaching into groundwater. On the contrary its two main metabolites (40-OH-Pyr and PYPAC) show a different fate in soil. When sprayed to plants, pyriproxyfen behaves as a translaminar insecticide. Its half-life in plants ranges from less than one week to about three weeks. The review ends by showing how the fate profile of pyriproxyfen in soils and plants influences the adverse effects of the molecule on non-target organisms. Keywords: pyriproxyfen; soil; plant; metabolites; insect growth regulator; endocrine disruptor; terrestrial ecosystems 1. Introduction The behavior of pesticides in soils is under the dependence of physical, chemical, and biological processes including volatilization, sorption–desorption, aerobic and anaerobic degradation, uptake and release by plants, run-off, and leaching. These various complex processes control the transport of pesticides within the soil and their transfer from the soil to the other environmental compartments [1–3].
    [Show full text]
  • Federal Register/Vol. 69, No. 37/Wednesday
    Federal Register / Vol. 69, No. 37 / Wednesday, February 25, 2004 / Notices 8649 0.024 ppb is the annual average FIRST at 12.4% of chronic RfD for all infants pesticide manufacturer. Potentially concentration. To determine drinking (<1 year), and 21.2% of chronic RfD for affected entities may include, but are water exposure, drinking water levels of children 1 to 6 (most highly exposed). not limited to: comparison (DWLOCs) were calculated The calculated DWLOCs ranged from • Crop production (NAICS 111) and used as a point of comparison 213 to 892 ppb for all the population • Animal production (NAICS 112) against the model estimates of the • Food manufacturing (NAICS 311) subgroups. The surface water and • pesticide concentration in drinking ground water DWECs for acequinocyl Pesticide manufacturing (NAICS water. For acequinocyl, the acute and were estimated to be 0.024 ppb and 32532) chronic DWLOC values were greater 0.006 ppb, respectively. Since the This listing is not intended to be than the estimated concentration DWEC chronic DWECs are less than the exhaustive, but rather provides a guide in surface water and ground water for DWLOCs for all population subgroups for readers regarding entities likely to be each population group. Therefore, including infants, the chronic aggregate affected by this action. Other types of exposures to acequinocyl in drinking risk estimates are below the level of entities not listed in this unit could also water do not pose a significant human concern. be affected. The North American health risk. Industrial Classification System 2. Non-dietary exposure. There are no F. International Tolerances (NAICS) codes have been provided to residential uses for acequinocyl.
    [Show full text]
  • The Efficacy of a Chitin Synthesis Inhibitor Against Field Populations of Organophosphate-Resistant Aedes Aegypti in Brazil
    Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Vol. 107(3): 387-395, May 2012 387 The efficacy of a chitin synthesis inhibitor against field populations of organophosphate-resistant Aedes aegypti in Brazil Nathalia Giglio Fontoura1,2, Diogo Fernandes Bellinato1,2, Denise Valle1,2, José Bento Pereira Lima1,2/+ 1Laboratório de Fisiologia e Controle de Artrópodes Vetores, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil 2Laboratório de Entomologia, Instituto de Biologia do Exército, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil The mosquito Aedes aegypti is the main focus of dengue control campaigns. Because of widespread resistance against conventional chemical insecticides, chitin synthesis inhibitors (CSIs) are considered control alternatives. We evaluated the resistance status of four Brazilian Ae. aegypti populations to both the organophosphate temephos and the pyrethroid deltamethrin, which are used in Brazil to control larvae and adults, respectively. All vector populations exhibited high levels of temephos resistance and varying rates of alterations in their susceptibility to pyrethroids. The effect of the CSI novaluron on these populations was also investigated. Novaluron was effective against all populations under laboratory conditions. Field-simulated assays with partial water replacement were conducted to evaluate novaluron persistence. Bioassays were continued until an adult emergence inhibition of at least 70% was attained. We found a residual effect of eight weeks under indoor conditions and novaluron persisted for five-six weeks in assays conducted in an external area. Our data show that novaluron is effective against the Ae. aegypti populations tested, regardless of their resistance to conventional chemical insecticides. Key words: Aedes aegypti - chitin synthesis inhibitors - temephos - deltamethrin - novaluron - cross-resistance Among the arboviruses transmitted by mosquitoes The biological insecticide Bacillus thuringiensis se- throughout the world, dengue is presently the most rel- rovar israelensis (Bti) has been employed against Ae.
    [Show full text]
  • 36 Toxic and Disruptive Effects of Novaluron, a Chitin Synthesis
    International Journal of Entomology Research International Journal of Entomology Research ISSN: 2455-4758; Impact Factor: RJIF 5.24 www.entomologyjournals.com Volume 2; Issue 2; March 2017; Page No. 36-47 Toxic and disruptive effects of Novaluron, a chitin synthesis inhibitor, on development of the pink bollworm Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) *1 Ghoneim K, 2 Hassan HA, 3 Tanani MA, 4 Bakr NA 1, 3, 4 Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt 2 Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt Abstract The pink bollworm Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) is one of the most destructive insects attacking cotton fields world-wide. It acquired resistance against most of the conventional pesticides. Therefore, the present study was conducted to evaluate the toxic and developmental effects of Novaluron (concentration range: 5.0-0.05 ppm) on this insect pest. LC50 values were estimated in 0.187 ppm and 0.765 ppm, after treatment of newly hatched and full grown larvae, respectively. Novaluron exhibited a retarding effect on the development, especially after treatment of full grown larvae, since larval and pupal durations had been remarkably prolonged, in a dose-dependent manner. Novaluron failed to affect the metamorphosis after treatment of the newly hatched larvae but disrupted it after treatment of full grown larvae (larval-pupal intermediates). The pupation was considerably hindered, especially after treatment of full grown larvae. The pupal morphogenesis was deranged (deformed pupae) after treatment of only newly hatched larvae. Therefore, Novaluron forms an important component in the integrated pest management program for this insect pest which has developed resistance to the majority of conventional insecticides.
    [Show full text]
  • Epa Registration Division - Company Notice of Filing for Pesticide Petition
    EPA REGISTRATION DIVISION - COMPANY NOTICE OF FILING FOR PESTICIDE PETITION EPA Registration Division contact: Sidney Jackson, (703) 305-7610 Interregional Research Project Number 4 (IR-4) Pesticide Petition Number: PP# 4E8241 EPA has received a pesticide petition (PP# 4E8241) from Interregional Research Project Number 4 (IR-4), 500 College Road East, Princeton, NJ 08540 proposing, pursuant to section 408(d) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FFDCA), 21 U.S.C. 346a(d), to amend 40 CFR part 180 by establishing a tolerance for residues of novaluron in or on the raw agricultural commodities Avocado at 0.60 parts per million (ppm), Carrot at 0.05 ppm, Bean at 0.60 ppm, Vegetable, fruiting, group 8-10 at 1.0 ppm, Fruit, pome, group 11-10 at 2.0 ppm, Cherry subgroup 12-12A at 8.0 ppm, Peach subgroup 12- 12B at 1.9 ppm, and Plum subgroup 12-12C at 1.9 ppm. In addition, the petitioner proposes based upon the establishment of new tolerances above, removal of existing tolerances at 40 CFR 180.598 on Bean, succulent, snap at 0.60 ppm, Bean, dry, seed at 0.30 ppm, Cherry at 8.0 ppm, Fruit, pome, group 11 at 2.0 ppm, Fruit, stone, group 12, except cherry at 1.9 ppm, Vegetable, fruiting, group 8 at 1.0 ppm, cocona at 1.0 ppm, African eggplant at 1.0 ppm, pea eggplant at 1.0 ppm, scarlet eggplant at 1.0 ppm, goji berry at 1.0 ppm, garden huckleberry at 1.0 ppm, martynia at 1.0 ppm, naranjilla at 1.0 ppm, okra at 1.0 ppm, roselle at 1.0 ppm, sunberry at 1.0 ppm, bush tomato at 1.0 ppm, currant tomato at 1.0 ppm, and tree tomato at 1.0 ppm.
    [Show full text]
  • Novaluron; Pesticide Tolerances Register
    Federal Register / Vol. 78, No. 128 / Wednesday, July 3, 2013 / Rules and Regulations 40027 as described under Title II of the Parts per DC 20460–0001; telephone number: Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995 Commodity million (703) 305–5967; email address: (UMRA) (2 U.S.C. 1501 et seq.). [email protected]. This action does not involve any SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: technical standards that would require ***** Agency consideration of voluntary Pepper .................................. 1.0 I. General Information consensus standards pursuant to section ***** A. Does this action apply to me? 12(d) of the National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act of 1995 You may be potentially affected by * * * * * this action if you are an agricultural (NTTAA) (15 U.S.C. 272 note). [FR Doc. 2013–15867 Filed 7–2–13; 8:45 am] producer, food manufacturer, or VII. Congressional Review Act BILLING CODE 6560–50–P pesticide manufacturer. The following Pursuant to the Congressional Review list of North American Industrial Act (5 U.S.C. 801 et seq.), EPA will ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION Classification System (NAICS) codes is submit a report containing this rule and AGENCY not intended to be exhaustive, but rather other required information to the U.S. provides a guide to help readers Senate, the U.S. House of 40 CFR Part 180 determine whether this document Representatives, and the Comptroller applies to them. Potentially affected General of the United States prior to [EPA–HQ–OPP–2012–0291; FRL–9389–7] entities may include: • Crop production (NAICS code 111). publication of the rule in the Federal Novaluron; Pesticide Tolerances Register.
    [Show full text]
  • Use in an Integrated Pest Management System
    United States Office of Prevention, Pesticides Environmental Protection and Toxic Substances Agency (7501C) PESTICIDE FACT SHEET Name of Chemical: Novaluron Reason for Issuance: Conditional Registration Date issued: September 24, 2001 DESCRIPTION OF CHEMICAL Chemical Name: 1-[3-chloro-4-(1,1,2-trifluoro-2-trifluoromethoxy- ethoxy)phenyl]-3-(2,6-difluorobenzoyl)urea Trade Name: Rimon® EPA Chemical Code: 124002 Chemical Class: Benzoylphenyl urea CAS Number: 116714-46-6 Year of Initial Registration: 2001 Pesticide Type: Insecticide Pests Controlled: Whiteflies, thrips and leafminers U.S. and Foreign Producers: Makhteshim Agan of North America, Inc. 551 Fifth Avenue, Suite 1100 New York, NY 10176. ACTIVE INGREDIENT AND FORMULATIONS Novaluron is a new pesticide chemical belonging to the class of insecticides called insect growth regulators (IGR). IGRs slowly kill the insects over a period of few days by disrupting the normal growth and development of immature insects. Novaluron acts as an insecticide mainly by ingestion, but has some contact activity. IGR insecticides are comparatively safer to beneficial insects and environment and is compatible for use in an integrated pest management system. 2 Makhteshim-Agan of North America, Inc. is registering two Novaluron formulations: Rimon® Technical, a manufacturing use product (MP) and Rimon® 10 EC, an end-use product (EP) containing 98.5% and 10.0% active ingredient, respectively. USE PATTERN Rimon® Technical is sold for formulating other end-use-product formulations. Rimon®10 EC is an emulsifiable concentrate recommended for the control of whiteflies, thrips, leafminers and armyworms on containerized ornamentals grown in greenhouses. The Rimon®10 EC is mixed with water and applied as a foliage spray using conventional spray equipment.
    [Show full text]