DOCSLIB.ORG

Dokument 1.Pdf

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Dokument 1.Pdf www.doktorverlag.de [email protected] Tel: 0641-5599888Fax:-5599890 Tel: D-35396 GIESSEN STAUFENBERGRING 15 STAUFENBERGRING VVB LAUFERSWEILERVERLAG VVB LAUFERSWEILER VERLAG VVB LAUFERSWEILER édition scientifique 9 783835 953949 ISBN 3-8359-5394-X VVB NADJA KELLIN PSITTAZIDEN: AUSWERTUNG SEKTIONS- U. LABORBEFUNDE 2000 BIS 2003 /2009 der Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen IN EINEM ZEITRAUM VON VIER JAHREN (2000 BIS 2003) BIS (2000 JAHREN VIER VON ZEITRAUM EINEM IN beim Fachbereich Veterinärmedizin Dr. med. vet. VON 1780 VÖGELN DER ORDNUNG PSITTACIFORMES ORDNUNG DER VÖGELN 1780 VON zur Erlangung des Grades eines AUSWERTUNG DER SEKTIONS- UND LABORBEFUNDE UND SEKTIONS- DER AUSWERTUNG INAUGURAL-DISSERTATION NADJA KELLIN VVB LAUFERSWEILER VERLAG VVB LAUFERSWEILER édition scientifique . Das Werk ist in allen seinen Teilen urheberrechtlich geschützt. Jede Verwertung ist ohne schriftliche Zustimmung des Autors oder des Verlages unzulässig. Das gilt insbesondere für Vervielfältigungen, Übersetzungen, Mikroverfilmungen und die Einspeicherung in und Verarbeitung durch elektronische Systeme. 1. Auflage 2009 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the Author or the Publishers. 1st Edition 2009 © 2009 by VVB LAUFERSWEILER VERLAG, Giessen Printed in Germany VVB LAUFERSWEILERédition scientifique VERLAG STAUFENBERGRING 15, D-35396 GIESSEN Tel: 0641-5599888 Fax: 0641-5599890 email: [email protected] www.doktorverlag.de Aus dem Klinikum Veterinärmedizin Klinik für Vögel, Reptilien, Amphibien und Fische der Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen und dem Labor für Tierpathologie München, sowie der Loro Parque Fundación, Loro Parque Teneriffa Betreuer: Prof. Dr. E. F. Kaleta Auswertung der Sektions- und Laborbefunde von 1780 Vögeln der Ordnung Psittaciformes in einem Zeitraum von vier Jahren (2000 bis 2003) Inaugural-Dissertation zur Erlangung des Grades eines Dr. med. vet. beim Fachbereich Veterinärmedizin der Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen eingereicht von Nadja Kellin Tierärztin aus Bad Kreuznach Gießen 2009 Mit Genehmigung des Fachbereichs Veterinärmedizin der Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen Dekan: Prof. Dr. Dr. habil. G. Baljer Gutachter: Prof. Dr. E. F. Kaleta Prof. Dr. C. Lämmler Prof. Dr. H. Gerlach Tag der Disputation: 26. Januar 2009 Für Sam Unser Wissen ist ein Tropfen, unser Nichtwissen ein Ozean. (Sir Isaac Newton) Inhaltsverzeichnis I INHALTSVERZEICHNIS 1 EINLEITUNG………………………………………………………………………………. 1 2 LITERATURÜBERSICHT……………………………………………………………….... 2 2.1 INFEKTIÖSE KRANKHEITSURSACHEN……………………………………………. 3 2.1.1 Virus-bedingte Infektionen und Krankheiten……………………………………….. 3 2.1.1.1 Krankheiten nach Infektion mit DNA-haltigem Virus………………………3 2.1.1.2 Krankheiten nach Infektion mit RNA-haltigem Virus……………………. 11 2.1.1.2.1 Krankheiten nach Infektion mit Viren aus der Familie Paramyxoviridae 11 2.1.2 Neuropathische Drüsenmagendilatation………………………………………….. 12 2.1.3 Lymphoide Neoplasien (Aviäres Lymphosarkom, Lymphoide Leukämie) ………... 13 2.1.4 Bakteriell-bedingte Infektionen und Krankheiten…………………………………. 16 2.1.4.1 Krankheiten nach Infektion mit grampositiven Bakterien……………….. 16 2.1.4.2 Krankheiten und Infektionen mit gramnegativen Bakterien…………….. 19 2.1.5 Krankheiten nach Infektionen mit Schimmelpilzen (Mykosen) …………………… 23 2.1.5.1 Krankheiten nach Infektion mit Aspergillus sp. ………………………….. 23 2.1.5.2 Krankheiten nach Infektion mit Zygomycetes…………………………….. 24 2.1.5.3 Krankheiten nach Infektion mit dem Sprosspilz Cryptococcus sp. ……… 24 2.1.6 Krankheiten nach Infektion mit Parasiten………………………………………… 26 2.1.6.1 Krankheiten nach Infektion mit Ektoparasiten…………………………… 26 2.1.6.1.1 Vogelmilben…………………………………………………………………... 26 2.1.6.1.2 Räudemilben…………………………………………………………………. 26 2.1.6.2 Krankheiten nach Infektion mit Endoparasiten…………………………… 27 2.1.6.2.1 Krankheiten nach Infektion mit Nemathelminthes………………………... 27 2.2 NICHT-INFEKTIÖSE ERKRANKUNGEN…………………………………………... 29 2.2.1 Respiratorische Erkrankungen……………………………………………………. 29 2.2.1.1 Erkrankungen des oberen Respirationstraktes………………………….… 29 2.2.1.2 Erkrankungen des unteren Respirationstraktes…………………………... 30 2.2.2 Herz- und Gefäßerkrankungen……………………………………………………. 31 2.2.2.1 Erkrankungen des Epikard / Perikard……………………………………... 32 2.2.2.2 Erkrankungen des Myokard………………………………………………... 32 2.2.2.3 Erkrankungen des Endokard……………………………………………….. 33 2.2.2.4 Angeborene Herzfehler……………………………………………………… 33 2.2.2.5 Erkrankungen der Gefäße…………………………………………………... 33 2.2.3 Erkrankungen des Gastrointestinaltraktes (GIT) ………………………………… 34 2.2.3.1 Erkrankungen des oberen GIT……………………………………………... 34 2.2.3.2 Erkrankungen des unteren Gastrointestinaltraktes………………………. 36 2.2.3.3 Tumoren des Verdauungstraktes…………………………………………… 37 2.2.4 Erkrankungen des Pankreas………………………………………………………. 38 2.2.5 Erkrankungen der Leber…………………………………………………………... 39 2.2.6 Erkrankungen des hämolymphatischen Systems…………………………………... 40 2.2.6.1 Erkrankungen der Milz……………………………………………………... 40 2.2.7 Erkrankungen der Nieren…………………………………………………………. 40 2.2.8 Erkrankungen der Geschlechtsorgane……………………………………………. 42 2.2.8.2 Erkrankungen der männlichen Geschlechtsorgane……………………….. 44 2.2.9 Erkrankungen des endokrinen Systems……………………………………………. 45 2.2.9.1 Erkrankungen der Hypophyse……………………………………………….45 2.2.9.2 Erkrankungen der Schilddrüse (Thyreoidea) ……………………………... 45 2.2.9.3 Erkrankungen der Nebenschilddrüse (Parathyreoidea) ………………….. 46 2.2.9.4 Erkrankungen des Ultimobranchialen Körperchens……………………… 47 Inhaltsverzeichnis II 2.2.9.5 Erkrankungen der Nebennieren…………………………………………... 47 2.2.9.6 Erkrankungen de endokrinen Pankreas…………………………………. 47 2.2.10 Erkrankungen der Sinnesorgane………………………………………………… 48 2.2.10.1 Erkrankungen des Auges………………………………………………….. 48 2.2.10.2 Erkrankungen des Ohres………………………………………………….. 48 2.2.10.3 Erkrankungen der Herbst’schen Korpuskel (Corpusculum . lamellosum) ………………………………………………………………………………. 48 2.2.11 Erkrankungen des Stoffwechselsystems…………………………………………. 49 2.2.11.1 Gicht………………………………………………………………………… 49 2.2.11.2 Amyloidose…………………………………………………………………. 49 2.2.11.3 Diabetes mellitus…………………………………………………………… 50 2.2.11.4 Fettsucht, Adipositas………………………………………………………. 50 2.2.11.5 Hämosiderose, Hämochromatose (Eisenspeicherkrankheit) …………… 51 2.2.11.6 Hepatoenzephales Syndrom……………………………………………….. 52 2.2.12 Mineralstoffmangel……………………………………………………………… 52 2.2.12.1 Osteomalazie / Rachitis……………………………………………………. 52 2.2.12.2 Kalzium-Mangel…………………………………………………………… 52 2.2.12.3 Phosphor-Mangel………………………………………………………….. 53 2.2.13 Vitamine…………………………………………………………………………. 53 2.2.13.1 Vitamin A-Mangel (Retinol) ……………………………………………… 53 2.2.13.2 Vitamin D3-Mangel (Cholecalciferol) ……………………………………. 54 2.2.13.3 Vitamin E-Mangel (Enzephalomalazie) ………………………………….. 55 2.2.14 Vergiftungen……………………………………………………………………... 58 2.2.15 Erkrankungen des Nervensystems………………………………………... 59 2.2.15.1 Spongiforme Enzephalopathie…………………………………………….. 59 2.2.15.2 Neoplasien des Gehirns……………………………………………………. 59 2.2.16 Besondere bei Jungtieren auftretende Erkrankungen…………………………… 60 2.2.16.1 Missbildungen und Kümmerer……………………………………………. 60 2.2.16.2 Energie-Defizite…………………………………………………………….. 61 3 MATERIAL UND METHODEN…………………………………………..……………... 62 3.1 MATERIAL…………………………………………………………………..………….. 62 3.2 METHODEN ……………………………………………………………………..……… 65 3.2.1 Sektionen……………………………………………………………………...…… 65 3.2.2 Weitere Untersuchungen………………………………………………………...… 65 3.2.2.1 Histopathologische Untersuchungen……………………………………… 66 3.2.2.2 Mikrobiologische Untersuchungen………………………………………...67 3.2.2.3 Virologische Untersuchungen……………………………………………... 67 3.2.2.4 Zytologische Untersuchungen……………………………………………... 67 3.2.3 Diagnose………………………………………………………………………...… 68 3.2.4 Gruppeneinteilung der Psittaziden……………………………………………...… 68 3.2.4.1 Altersgruppen………………………………………………………………. 68 4 ERGEBNISSE……………..……………………………………………………………….. 70 4.1 SUBFAMILIE CACATUINAE………………………………………………………..... 71 4.1.1 Verhaltensbedingte Todesfälle (Tab. 15) …………………………………………. 72 4.1.2 Infektiöse Erkrankungen mit Todesfolge………………………………………...... 72 4.1.2.1 Virus-bedingte Erkrankungen (Tab. 15) ………………………………… 72 4.1.2.2 Bakteriell-bedingte Erkrankungen (Tab. 15) ……………………………. 72 4.1.3 Nicht-Infektiöse Erkrankungen mit Todesfolge………………………………….... 73 4.1.3.1 Herz- und Gefäßerkrankungen mit Todesfolge (Tab. 15) ……………… 73 Inhaltsverzeichnis III 4.1.3.2 Respiratorische Erkrankungen mit Todesfolge (Tab. 15) ………….……73 4.1.3.3 Erkrankungen der Leber mit Todesfolge (Tab. 15) …………….………. 73 4.1.3.4 Erkrankungen der Nieren mit Todesfolge (Tab. 15) ……………………. 74 4.1.3.5 Erkrankungen des Gastrointestinaltraktes (GIT) mit Todesfolge (Tab. 15) ………………………………………………………………………………. 74 4.1.3.6 Erkrankungen der Geschlechtsorgane mit Todesfolge (Tab. 15) ………. 74 4.1.3.7 Erkrankungen des hämatopoetischen Systems (Tab. 15) ………………. 74 4.1.3.8 Erkrankungen des endokrinen Systems (Tab. 15) ………………………. 75 4.1.3.9 Erkrankungen des Pankreas (Tab. 15) …………………………………... 75 4.1.3.10 Besondere Jungtiererkrankungen………………………………………… 75 4.2 SUBFAMILIE LORIINAE……………………………………………………………… 76 4.2.1 Verhaltensbedingte Todesfälle (Tab. 16) …………………………………………. 77 4.2.2 Infektiöse Erkrankungen mit Todesfolge………………………………………….. 77 4.2.2.1 Virus-bedingte Erkrankungen (Tab. 16) ………………………………… 77 4.2.2.2 Bakteriell-bedingte Erkrankungen (Tab. 16) ……………………………. 78 4.2.2.3 Mykosen (Tab. 16) ………………………………………………………… 78 4.2.3 Nicht-infektiöse Erkrankungen
Load more

Recommended publications
  • TRUSTVETASSISTSSURVIVAL of WORLD'srarestparrot New Clues to Echo Parakeet Problem Bypallia Harris
    News about parrot conservation, aviculture and welfare from qg&%rld q&rrot~t TRUSTVETASSISTSSURVIVAL OF WORLD'SRARESTPARROT New clues to Echo Parakeet problem ByPallIa Harris When the World Parrot Trust was The World Parrot Trust has project, contributing funds and of the World Parrot Trust and a launched in 1989, our first consistently provided funding for parrot expertise to both the member of the International Zoo priority was to help the world's the Echo Parakeet and maintained captive breeding programme and Veterinary Group. When the rarest parrot, the Echo Parakeet, close relations with the project's wild population management captive population of parrots which still numbers less than 20 director, Carl Jones, and the efforts. This new opportunity became ill this spring, Andrew birds in the wild. With your Jersey Wildlife Preservation provides the World Parrot Trust advised project staff in Mauritius generous donations, the Trust Trust, which finances and with one of the greatest by telephone and by fax. was proud to present the Echo manages the project with the co- challenges in parrot conservation Subsequently, at the request of Parakeet project with a badly operation of the Mauritius today. the Jersey Wildlife Preservation needed four wheel drive vehicle government's Conservation Unit. The followingstory is drawn, Trust, the World Parrot Trust sent to enable field researchers to Recently, the World Parrot Trust in part, from a veterinary report Andrew to Mauritius to reach the remote forest in which was invited to become a major by Andrew Greenwood,MAVetMB investigate tragic mortalities the parrot struggles to survive. partner in the Echo Parakeet MIBiolMRCVS,a founder Trustee among the Echo Parakeets.
    [Show full text]
  • TAG Operational Structure
    PARROT TAXON ADVISORY GROUP (TAG) Regional Collection Plan 5th Edition 2020-2025 Sustainability of Parrot Populations in AZA Facilities ...................................................................... 1 Mission/Objectives/Strategies......................................................................................................... 2 TAG Operational Structure .............................................................................................................. 3 Steering Committee .................................................................................................................... 3 TAG Advisors ............................................................................................................................... 4 SSP Coordinators ......................................................................................................................... 5 Hot Topics: TAG Recommendations ................................................................................................ 8 Parrots as Ambassador Animals .................................................................................................. 9 Interactive Aviaries Housing Psittaciformes .............................................................................. 10 Private Aviculture ...................................................................................................................... 13 Communication ........................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Parrots in Peril? Parrots in Peril?
    Parrots in Peril? byJill Hedgecock Walnut Creek, California I was lying on a remote beach in habitat for other common pet bird rid their crops of pests, have resulted Costa Rica near dusk, listening to the species such as toucans, lories and in rapid and widespread population quiet surge of calm ocean waves. lorikeets. declines in the eastern part of its Insects maintained their dull, monot­ While Australia maintains a popu­ range. Scientists David C. Oren and onous hum behind us in the tropical lation of many cockatoo species Fernando C. Novaes predict, as a forest that bordered the beach. Sud­ which are so abundant they are often result of a biological study conducted denly, the peaceful air was disrupted shot as agricultural pests, a small tract from 1981 to 1984, that unless mea­ as a flock of squawking, screeching of Australian rainforest is the sole sures are taken to secure a biological birds flew into a nearby coconut tree. habitat for a number of sensitive reserve for and alter domestic trade Caught without my binoculars and in cockatoo and parrot species. Species of this species, it is likely the Golden the fading light, I could just discern dependent on this rare and important Parakeet will be extinct east of the approximately 15 or so green, habitat include the Palm Cockatoo Rio Tocantins by the year 2000. conure-sized birds. Occasionally, a (Probosciger aterrimus), which was Particularly susceptible species are flash of orange, presumably from recently (1987) added to the CITES island inhabitants, such as the St. feathering underneath the wings, endangered species list.
    [Show full text]
  • West Papua – Birds-Of-Paradise and Endemics of the Arfaks and Waigeo
    INDONESIA: WEST PAPUA – BIRDS-OF-PARADISE AND ENDEMICS OF THE ARFAKS AND WAIGEO 03 – 14 AUGUST 2022 03 – 14 AUGUST 2023 Wilson’s Bird-of-paradise is often considered one of the best-looking birds in the world! www.birdingecotours.com [email protected] 2 | ITINERARY Indonesia: West Papua – Arfak and Waigeo New Guinea is a geographic rather than political term that refers to the main island in the region. The western half of the island of New Guinea comprises the Indonesian provinces of West Papua (Papua Barat) and Papua, collectively once called West Irian or Irian Jaya; the eastern half of the main island of New Guinea comprises the country of Papua New Guinea. We will be based in West Papua for this exhilarating, small-group birding adventure. Aside from the large landmass of New Guinea, the New Guinea region includes numerous small islands (some part of Indonesia and others part of Papua New Guinea), and we will visit one of these areas: Waigeo, part of the Raja Ampat Archipelago in West Papua (also known as the Northwestern Islands). Approximately 680 bird species have been recorded from West Papua, from slightly more than 700 for the whole New Guinea region. Some 550 species are considered breeding residents, with 279 New Guinea endemics (found in Indonesia and/or Papua New Guinea) and at least an additional 42 endemics found only in West Papua. There are also over 115 Palearctic and Australian migrant species and a range of seabirds which spend some of their time in West Papua. This tour will begin in the town of Manokwari, situated on the north-eastern tip of West Papua's Bird's Head (or Vogelkop) Peninsula where we could get our tour started with the gorgeous Lesser Bird-of-paradise, this area is usually great for Blyth’s Hornbill and numerous fruit doves.
    [Show full text]
  • West New Britain
    WEST NEW BRITAIN SEPTEMBER 7–14, 2019 Superb Fruit-Dove LEADER: DION HOBCROFT LIST COMPILED BY: DION HOBCROFT VICTOR EMANUEL NATURE TOURS, INC. 2525 WALLINGWOOD DRIVE, SUITE 1003 AUSTIN, TEXAS 78746 WWW.VENTBIRD.COM WEST NEW BRITAIN SEPTEMBER 7–14, 2019 By Dion Hobcroft Who is a pretty girl: two male Eclectus Parrots vie for the attention of the red female. This parrot has an unusual reproductive biology where females stay at the nest hollow and mate with several males. Victor Emanuel Nature Tours 2 West New Britain, 2019 Planes took off and landed on time, customs and immigration was pretty speedy, and we were soon checked into our lovely rooms at the Airways Hotel. Everything went to plan, so we were well set up to spend the afternoon at Pacific Adventist University, a pleasant campus with several freshwater ponds and patches of scrubby secondary growth dominated by large Rain Trees that are native to central America. It is a great location to start a trip, as the open terrain and good numbers of water birds make birding easy, and there are quite a number of species that we typically only encounter at this location. These we found with little effort including a fine Orange-fronted Fruit-Dove, several Plumed Whistling- Ducks, excellent Radjah Shelducks, a nesting Comb-crested Jacana, nesting Papuan Frogmouth, and great views of Black-backed Butcherbird and the dapper little Gray-headed Munia. A highlight was studying the elaborate bower of the Fawn-breasted Bowerbird. Other species seen well included Wandering Whistling- Duck, Common Kingfisher, Bar-shouldered Dove, Whistling Kite, Metallic Starling, and Australasian Figbird.
    [Show full text]
  • Running Head: POULTRY, PARROTS, and PEOPLE
    Running head: POULTRY, PARROTS, AND PEOPLE Poultry, Parrots, and People: Exploring Psyche Through the Lens of Avian Captivity A dissertation submitted by Elizabeth MacLeod Burton-Crow to Pacifica Graduate Institute in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Depth Psychology with emphases in Community Psychology, Liberation Psychology, and Ecopsychology This dissertation has been accepted for the faculty of Pacifica Graduate Institute by: Dr. G. A. Bradshaw, Chair Dr. Craig Chalquist, Reader Dr. Jo-Ann Shelton, External Reader ProQuest Number:13425083 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. ProQuest 13425083 Published by ProQuest LLC ( 2018). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, MI 48106 - 1346 POULTRY, PARROTS, AND PEOPLE iii Abstract Poultry, Parrots, and People: Exploring Psyche Through the Lens of Avian Captivity by Elizabeth MacLeod Burton-Crow What was the last interaction you had with a bird? Was it a cordial conversation with a parrot or indirectly, as while devouring deviled eggs? The colorful ways in which avian and human lives are connected are as nuanced as they are pervasive. Perhaps this is unsurprising, given that globally, birds are held in captivity by the billions.
    [Show full text]
  • "I.I1ndofparrots"
    "I.i1nd of Parrots " Product Review by Dale R. Thompson - Canyon Country, California For those aviculturists who have mUSk, little and varied lorikeets). This (many-colored), bluebonnets, hooded, enjoyed keeping and breeding Australian film includes the nesting habits and the golden-shouldered, and paradise para­ parakeets, cockatoos, lorikeets and other specializied diets of these beautiful par­ keets. This is another excellent film of parrots in captivity, we can really appreci­ rots. Part 2 - Black Cockatoos: palms, popular Australian parakeets found in ate the beauty and grace of these popular red-tailed, white-tailed, yellow-tailed, American aviaries. parrots. But visualizing these birds within glossy and gang gang cockatoos. This film The beginning format of each video­ aviaries cannot begin to compare to the includes a most impressive sequence of tape gives a basic discussion of Australia same species flying and living in their nat­ lhe palm cockatoo's nesting behaVior. and its bird life and uses small parts of the ural habitat. Viewing "Land of Parrots;' a Part 3 - White Cockatoos: sulphur­ other tapes so one gets an overall picture seven-part videotape series of Australian crested, little and slender-billed corellas of what to expect from this film series. parrots flying free in the wild is, indeed, (bare-eyed and slender-billed cockatoos), This is certainly not a travel log type of an extraordinary way of enjoying these Major Mitchell's (Leadbeater's), galah film, but endeavors to explain not only parrots as never before. (rose-breasted) cockatoos and the won­ the basics but also the finer points in their When the early explorers first observed derful cockatiel.
    [Show full text]
  • Ultimate Sulawesi & Halmahera 2016
    Minahassa Masked Owl (Craig Robson) ULTIMATE SULAWESI & HALMAHERA 4 - 24 SEPTEMBER 2016 LEADER: CRAIG ROBSON The latest Birdquest tour to Sulawesi and Halmahera proved to be another great adventure, with some stunning avian highlights, not least the amazing Minahassa Masked Owl that we had such brilliant views of at Tangkoko. Some of the more memorable highlights amongst our huge trip total of 292 species were: 15 species of kingfisher (including Green-backed, Lilac, Great-billed, Scaly-breasted, Sombre, both Sulawesi and Moluccan Dwarf, and Azure), 15 species of nightbird seen (including Sulawesi Masked and Barking Owls, Ochre-bellied and Cinnabar Boobooks, Sulawesi and Satanic Nightjars, and Moluccan Owlet-Nightjar), the incredible Maleo, Moluccan Megapode at point-blank range, Pygmy Eagle, Sulawesi, Spot-tailed and 1 BirdQuest Tour Report: Ultimate Sulawesi & Halmahera 2016 www.birdquest-tours.com Moluccan Goshawks, Red-backed Buttonquail, Great and White-faced Cuckoo-Doves, Red-eared, Scarlet- breasted and Oberholser’s Fruit Doves, Grey-headed Imperial Pigeon, Moluccan Cuckoo, Purple-winged Roller, Azure (or Purple) Dollarbird, the peerless Purple-bearded Bee-eater, Knobbed Hornbill, White Cockatoo, Moluccan King and Pygmy Hanging Parrots, Chattering Lory, Ivory-breasted, Moluccan and Sulawesi Pittas (the latter two split from Red-bellied), White-naped and Shining Monarchs, Maroon-backed Whistler, Piping Crow, lekking Standardwings, Hylocitrea, Malia, Sulawesi and White-necked Mynas, Red- backed and Sulawesi Thrushes, Sulawesi Streaked Flycatcher, the demure Matinan Flycatcher, Great Shortwing, and Mountain Serin. Moluccan Megapode, taking a break from all that digging! (Craig Robson) This year’s tour began in Makassar in south-west Sulawesi. Early on our first morning we drove out of town to the nearby limestone hills of Karaenta Forest.
    [Show full text]
  • Of Parrots 3 Other Major Groups of Parrots 16
    ONE What are the Parrots and Where Did They Come From? The Evolutionary History of the Parrots CONTENTS The Marvelous Diversity of Parrots 3 Other Major Groups of Parrots 16 Reconstructing Evolutionary History 5 Box 1. Ancient DNA Reveals the Evolutionary Relationships of the Fossils, Bones, and Genes 5 Carolina Parakeet 19 The Evolution of Parrots 8 How and When the Parrots Diversified 25 Parrots’ Ancestors and Closest Some Parrot Enigmas 29 Relatives 8 What Is a Budgerigar? 29 The Most Primitive Parrot 13 How Have Different Body Shapes Evolved in The Most Basal Clade of Parrots 15 the Parrots? 32 THE MARVELOUS DIVERSITY OF PARROTS The parrots are one of the most marvelously diverse groups of birds in the world. They daz- zle the beholder with every color in the rainbow (figure 3). They range in size from tiny pygmy parrots weighing just over 10 grams to giant macaws weighing over a kilogram. They consume a wide variety of foods, including fruit, seeds, nectar, insects, and in a few cases, flesh. They produce large repertoires of sounds, ranging from grating squawks to cheery whistles to, more rarely, long melodious songs. They inhabit a broad array of habitats, from lowland tropical rainforest to high-altitude tundra to desert scrubland to urban jungle. They range over every continent but Antarctica, and inhabit some of the most far-flung islands on the planet. They include some of the most endangered species on Earth and some of the most rapidly expanding and aggressive invaders of human-altered landscapes. Increasingly, research into the lives of wild parrots is revealing that they exhibit a corresponding variety of mating systems, communication signals, social organizations, mental capacities, and life spans.
    [Show full text]
  • The Export and Re-Export of Cites-Listed Birds from the Solomon Islands
    THE EXPORT AND RE-EXPORT OF CITES-LISTED BIRDS FROM THE SOLOMON ISLANDS Chris R. Shepherd Carrie J. Stengel Vincent Nijman A TRAFFIC SOUTHEAST ASIA REPORT Published by TRAFFIC Southeast Asia, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia © 2012 TRAFFIC Southeast Asia All rights reserved. All material appearing in this publication is copyrighted and may be reproduced with permission. Any reproduction in full or in part of this publication must credit TRAFFIC Southeast Asia as the copyright owner. The views of the authors expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect those of the TRAFFIC network, WWF or IUCN. The designations of geographical entities in this publication, and the presentation of the material, do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of TRAFFIC or its supporting organizations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, or area, or its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The TRAFFIC symbol copyright and Registered Trademark ownership is held by WWF. TRAFFIC is a joint programme of WWF and IUCN. Suggested citation: Shepherd, C.R., Stengel, C.J., and Nijman, V. (2012). The Export and Re- export of CITES-listed Birds from the Solomon Islands. TRAFFIC Southeast Asia, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia. ISBN 978-983-3393-35-0 Cover: The Papuan Hornbill Rhyticeros plicatus is native to the Solomon Islands, and also found in Papua New Guinea and Indonesia, where many of the bird species featured in this report originate. Credit: © Brent Stirton/Getty Images/WWF The Export and Re-export of CITES-listed Birds from the Solomon Islands Chris R.
    [Show full text]
  • The Grandest Lory of Them All the Eclectus Parrot Lorius Roratus
    The Grandest Lory of Them All The Eclectus Parrot Lorius roratus by Dale R. Thompson Canyon Country, California ilege of observing their eclectus in greater intensity But how many eclec­ aving reproduced the eclectus group situations or they would see a very tus breeders observe their males getting Hparrot for over 20 years with a different behavior. The statements that excited as George Smith describes? count numbering in the hundreds, I have eclectus parrots are dull birds would I have been only one of very few often wondered if this bird was not just change immediately. They certainly do eclectus breeders to have bred this one big lory. Now having the lory as a not have dull personalities. The ener­ species in a colony situation. After sev­ pet and observing many lories in the col­ getic personality of an eclectus can eral years ofinfertility, I placed four pairs lections ofsuccessful breeders, I am even also be seen in the young, handfed pet of eclectus parrots together within a 12 more convinced that there is a correlation bird. ft. flight that had four partitioned areas between these two bird groups. In the wild, eclectus parrots are most within that the birds could utilize as nest­ often seen in pairs or small groups. ing booths. Each ofthese areas contained Behavior and Breeding Sometimes they can be seen in very large one nest box. To aid the stimulation of groups within a fruiting tree. Eclectus the males, I added an extra mature When observing the Lorius group of are quite noisy and conspicuous with male.
    [Show full text]
  • An Overview of the Bird Species in Singapore Pet Shops
    SONGSTERS OF SINGAPORE An Overview of the Bird Species in Singapore Pet Shops FEBRUARY 2017 James A. Eaton, Boyd T. C. Leupen and Kanitha Krishnasamy TRAFFIC Report: Songsters of Singapore: An Overview of the Bird Species in Singapore Pet Shops A TRAFFIC REPORT TRAFFIC, the wild life trade monitoring net work, is the leading non-governmental organization working globally on trade in wild animals and plants in the context of both biodiversity conservation and sustainable development. TRAFFIC is a strategic alliance of WWF and IUCN. Reprod uction of material appearing in this report requires written permission from the publisher. The designations of geographical entities in this publication, and the presentation of the material, do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of TRAFFIC or its supporting organizations con cern ing the legal status of any country, territory, or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The views of the authors expressed in this publication are those of the writers and do not necessarily reflect those of TRAFFIC, WWF or IUCN. Published by TRAFFIC. Southeast Asia Regional Office Unit 3-2, 1st Floor, Jalan SS23/11 Taman SEA, 47400 Petaling Jaya Selangor, Malaysia Telephone : (603) 7880 3940 Fax : (603) 7882 0171 Copyright of material published in this report is vested in TRAFFIC. © TRAFFIC 2017. ISBN 978-983-3393-63-3 UK Registered Charity No. 1076722. Suggested Citation: Eaton, J.A., Leupen, B.T.C. and Krishnasamy, K. (2017). Songsters of Singapore: An Overview of the Bird Species in Singapore Pet Shops.
    [Show full text]