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Improving End-To-End Tsunami Warning for Risk Reduction on Canada's West Coast

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Improving End-To-End Tsunami Warning for Risk Reduction on Canada's West Coast Improving End-To-End Tsunami Warning for Risk Reduction on Canada's West Coast Peter Anderson Simon Fraser University Prepared By: Simon Fraser University 8888 University Drive Burnaby, B.C. V5A 1S6 Associate Professor and Director, Telematics Research Lab, School of Communication Contractor's Document Number: Project Report (Tasks 6 and 7) Version 1.2 PWGSC Contract Number: W7714-145880 DRDC Project Number: CSSP-2013-TI-1033 Technical Authority: Philip Dawe, Portfolio Manager, DRDC – Centre for Security Science Disclaimer: The scientific or technical validity of this Contract Report is entirely the responsibility of the Contractor and the contents do not necessarily have the approval or endorsement of the Department of National Defence of Canada. Contract Report DRDC-RDDC-2016-C174 March 2016 © Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada, as represented by the Minister of National Defence, 2016 © Sa Majesté la Reine (en droit du Canada), telle que représentée par le ministre de la Défense nationale, 2016 Improving End-To-End Tsunami Warning for Risk Reduction on Canada's West Coast Canadian Safety and Security Program Project Number CSSP-2013-TI-1033 Project Report (Tasks 6 and 7) For period ending 31 March, 2016 Version 1.2 Record of Amendments Version Date Description Author Number 1.0 15 March, 2016 Initial version Peter Anderson 1.1 18 March, 2016 Small edits Peter Anderson 1.2 26 March, 2016 Inclusion of additional Peter Anderson participant feedback Improving End-To-End Tsunami Warning for Risk Reduction on Canada's West Coast (CSSP-2013-TI-1033) ii Document Description This document provides final reporting for Tasks 6 and 7 of the Improving End-To-End Tsunami Warning for Risk Reduction on Canada's West Coast Project (CSSP 2013-TI-1033) for the period 1 January, 2016 to 31 March, 2016. Project Organization Technical Authority Philip Dawe Portfolio Manager – Emergency Management & Disaster Resilience Defense Research and Development Canada, Centre for Security Science 222 Nepean Street, 11th floor Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0K2 Province of British Columbia Representative and Project Champion Ralph Mohrmann Senior Regional Manager and Assistant Director of Operations Emergency Management British Columbia Ministry of Justice 2261 Keating X Road Saanichton, BC V8M 2A5 Research Lead Peter Anderson Associate Professor and Director, Telematics Research Lab School of Communication Simon Fraser University 8888 University Drive Burnaby, B.C. V5A 1S6 Research Team Peter Anderson, Director, Telematics Research Lab, Simon Fraser University Stephen Braham, Director. PolyLAB, School of Communication, Simon Fraser University Olympia Koziatek, Department of Geography, Simon Fraser University Amanda Oldring, School of Communication, Simon Fraser University Amanda Oye, School of Communication, Simon Fraser University Dawn Ursulak, School of Communication, Simon Fraser University Marc d’Aquino, Holistic Emergency Preparedness and Response Improving End-To-End Tsunami Warning for Risk Reduction on Canada's West Coast (CSSP-2013-TI-1033) iii Table of Contents Record of Amendments ii Document Description iii Project Organization iii Acknowledgements vi List of Tables ix List of Figures ix List of Acronyms x 1.0 Introduction 1 2.0 Improving End-To-End Tsunami Warning for Risk Reduction on Canada's West Coast: Project Summary 2 2.1 Project Objectives and Scope 2 2.2 Study Methodology 2 2.2.1 Phase 1: Task 3 - Comprehensive Review of Existing Coastal Warning and Communication Networks and Last-mile Segments 2 2.2.1.1 Creation of a Notification Matrix and Planning Tool 3 2.2.1.2 Community Surveying 3 2.2.1.3 GIS Data Gathering and Mapping 4 2.2.1.4 Social Media Twitter Analysis 5 2.2.1.5 Selected Radio Propagation Mapping 6 2.2.2 Phase 2: Task 4 - Piloting and Evaluating New Techniques and Technologies in Communities 7 2.2.2.1 New Methods for Identification of Additional Coastal Populations-at-risk 7 2.2.2.2 Selection of Project Notification Technology Pilots 8 2.2.2.3 Selection of Communities and Other Participants for Pilot Projects 11 2.2.3 Phase 2: Task 5 - Tsunami Notification Tool Kit 14 2.3 Impact on Stated Project Outcomes 15 2.3.1 Identifying Most Vulnerable Populations, Hazard Zones, and Community Capacities 15 2.3.2 Increasing Community-level Risk Awareness and Encouraging Appropriate Preparedness and Mitigation Activities 17 2.3.3 Building Social Capital through Facilitating Connectedness and Community Building 20 2.3.4 Other Engagement 20 2.3.5 Reports and Publications 21 2.4 Relationship to other CSSP Projects 21 2.5 Recommendations For Further Advancing Tsunami Notification 21 3.0 Leveraging Tsunami Notification Practices to Support B.C. All-Hazards Notification 22 3.1 Background 22 3.1.1 B.C. Geography 22 3.1.2 Hazards in British Columbia 22 3.1.3 British Columbia Emergency Management Responsibilities 23 Improving End-To-End Tsunami Warning for Risk Reduction on Canada's West Coast (CSSP-2013-TI-1033) iv 3.1.4 Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan 23 3.1.5 Local Authority Response 24 3.1.6 Provincial Response 24 3.1.7 The Duty to Notify 25 3.2 B.C. Public Notification Arrangements 25 3.3 Current Notification Challenges 26 3.4 Leveraging Tsunami Notification Arrangements 26 3.4.1 Recommendations 29 3.4.1.1 Background Studies 29 3.4.1.2 Enhancements of Current Provincial Notification Systems 30 3.4.1.3 Education and Training 30 4.0 The Way Forward: Transitioning to a Smart B.C. All-Hazards Notification System 32 4.1 Recommendations 34 4.1.1 Engagement and Collaboration 34 4.1.2 Guidance and Coordination 34 Improving End-To-End Tsunami Warning for Risk Reduction on Canada's West Coast (CSSP-2013-TI-1033) v Acknowledgements This project was supported through the Canadian Safety and Security Program, a federal program led by Defence Research and Development Canada’s Centre for Security Science, in partnership with Public Safety Canada CSSP 2013-TI-1033. Many people contributed their valuable time and information to enable this project to be carried out successfully. We have attempted to acknowledge below those who contributed throughout the duration of the project and apologize for any omissions. Gordon Kirk, B.C. Ambulance Service Craig McGowan, B.C. Ambulance Service Rod Salem, B.C. Ambulance Service Sol Lancashire, B.C. Hydro Nick Heath, B.C. Marine Trails Network Association Jason Wood, B.C. Ministry of Transportation and Infrastructure Steve Waugh, Bella Coola Dave Rainnie, Canadian Broadcasting Corporation Brian Bain, Canadian Coast Guard - Western Clay Evans, Canadian Coast Guard – Western Mike McCullagh, Canadian Coast Guard – Western Glenn Ormiston, Canadian Coast Guard – Western Susan Pickrell, Canadian Coast Guard - Western Ian Wade, CCG, Canadian Coast Guard - Western Nathan Webb, Canadian Coast Guard - Western Doug Allport, Canadian Public Safety Operations Organization Brent Falkins, DFO, Canadian Hydrographic Services, Institute of Ocean Sciences Denny Sinnott, DFO, Canadian Hydrographic Services, Institute of Ocean Sciences Fred Stephenson, DFO, Canadian Hydrographic Services, Institute of Ocean Sciences Aspa Kotsopoulos, Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission Peter Ensor, Capital Regional District Cheryl Waugh, Central Coast Regional District Philip Dawe, Centre for Systems Science, Defense Research and Development Canada Sheldon Dickie, Centre for Systems Science, Defense Research and Development Canada Jack Pagotto, Centre for Systems Science, Defense Research and Development Canada Dave Samson, Cermac Canada Dirk de Jager, Chroma Communications Wendy Magnes, Destination British Columbia John Tidbury, District of Port Hardy Karla Robison, District of Ucluelet Mike Webb, E-Comm Andrew Bryan, Emergency Management British Columbia Ian Cunnings, Emergency Management British Columbia Chris Duffy, Emergency Management British Columbia Clare Fletcher, Emergency Management British Columbia Kathryn Forge, Emergency Management British Columbia Improving End-To-End Tsunami Warning for Risk Reduction on Canada's West Coast (CSSP-2013-TI-1033) vi Michael Higgins, Emergency Management British Columbia Maurie Hurst, Emergency Management British Columbia Ian Lighthouse, Emergency Management British Columbia Michael Knauff, Emergency Management British Columbia Robert Kennedy, Emergency Management British Columbia Kelli Kryzanowski, Emergency Management British Columbia Sue Launder, Emergency Management British Columbia Cameron Lewis, Emergency Management British Columbia Chris Mah, Emergency Management British Columbia Ralph Mohrmann, Emergency Management British Columbia John Oakley, Emergency Management British Columbia Peter Prendergast, Emergency Management British Columbia Pat Quealey, Emergency Management British Columbia Todd Smith, Emergency Management British Columbia Robert White, Emergency Management British Columbia Sonia Woolford, Emergency Management British Columbia Jennifer McLarty, Emergency Management British Columbia, Social Media Unit Ashley Spilak, Emergency Management British Columbia, Social Media Unit Armel Castellan, Environment Canada Michael Gismondi, Environment Canada Fred Voglmaier, Environment Canada Carol Ogborne, GeoBC Joshua Chan, GeoBC Patricia McCourt, Indigenous Affairs and Northern Development Canada Kim Mikkelesen, Industry Canada Melody Meyers, Industry Canada Pawas Verma, Industry Canada Wendy Wu, Industry Canada Major David Proctor, MARPC/Joint Task Force Pacific Monty Cook, NAV Canada Wilf Bangert, Network BC, Office of the Chief Information Officer Chris Hauff, Network
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