chap 11 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT OF THE MUNICIPALITY
European Green Capital Award Nantes 2012 2013
161 11 A Current situation.
By means of introduction, we point out that, since operations services are some- times shared between Nantes Métropole and the city of Nantes, environmental management is harmonised and coordinated according to the skills of the local authorities, to cover all public services provided to citizens. Nantes Métropole intervenes with respect to roads, economic development, urbanism, etc, while the cities focus on education, sports, culture and habitat.
ß ß The 9 “pôles de proximité” ß 0xLEß.ANTES /UEST ,ESßßPxLESßDEßPROXIMITmß ß3AINTE !NNE ß There are 9 district centres for the 24 ß 0xLEß,OIREßETß3nVREß "ELLEVUE ß#HANTENAY ß(AUTS 0AVmS ß RmPARTISßSURßß $ERVALLInRES ß:OLA DEß.ANTESß-mTROPOLEßSONTß 2EZm ß3AINT 3mBASTIEN SUR ,OIRE ß ß"ARBERIEß cities in NantesPROXIMITm Métropole to monitorß 3AINT &mLIX ß"REIL ßPxLESßDEß .ANTESßßQUARTIERßSUDß ß ßSERVICESßPUBLICSß and develop improvementßDEß.ANTESß-mTROPOLE projects,ß ß#HhTELETS ß,Aß-AISONßDES LESßßCOMMUNES ßLESßPROJETSß ß ß2UEß%SNOULßDES ß 0LACEßDEßLAß,IBERTmßß and to welcomeßDmVELOPPER and inform the peopleßß ß.ANTESß ß POURßSUIVREßET POURßACCUEILLIR ß ßß.ANTES ßMAISßAUSSIß 4mLßßßßßß ßß living in the area. ßß 4mLßßßßß D´AMmNAGEMENT &AXßßßß ß ßHABITANTS FAXßßßßß ETßINFORMERßLES ß Mauves- ß 0xLEßDEßL´!UBINInRE Erdre-Fleuriaye sur-Loire ß3AINTE ,UCE SUR ß 4HOUARm SUR ,OIRE ß 0xLEß3UD /UESTß Carquefou "OUAYE ß"OUGUENAIS ß"RAINS ,OIRE ß.ANTESQUARTIERSßß"OTTInRE ß ,E 0ELLERIN ß,A -ONTAGNE ß3AINT *EAN La-Chapelle- Thouaré- $OULON ß-AUVES SUR ,OIREß sur-Erdre sur-Loire ß ß3AINT !IGNAN DE 'RAND Orvault ß ßßRUEßDUß"OISß"RIAND DE "OISEAU ß Sautron Pôle de ,IEU ß3AINT ,mGER LES 6IGNES ß.ANTESß ßßß Erdre et Cens l’Aubinière 4mLßßßßßßß ß ß ßRUEß'ALILmE ß Sainte-Luce ßßß -sur-Loire &AXßßß ß"OUGUENAISßß 4mLßßßßß ß ß ß ß3.-ß ß ßß Nantes- ß 0xLEß%RDRE &LEURIAYE%RDREß &AXßßß Couëron Saint-Herblain ßßQUARTIERß Ouest Nantes- Basse- #ARQUEFOU ß.ANTES ß.IGNONß ß Loire-Chézine Nantes Loire Goulaine ß ßRUEß%DOUARD ß 0xLEß6IGNOBLE ß ß ß ß.ANTES "ASSE 'OULAINE ß,ES 3ORINInRES Saint-Sébastien -sur-Loire 4mLßßßßßßß 6ERTOUß Indre ßß ß#HOLLETß Saint-Jean- &AXßßßß ß ß ßRUEß#HARLES Le Pellerin de-Boiseau Loire et Sèvre La Montagne ß6ERTOUß ßß Vertou ß,OIRE #HmZINEß 4mLßßßßß Rezé ß 0xLE ßßß Sud-Ouest Bouguenais &AXßßß Brains #OUpRON ß)NDRE ß3AINT (ERBLAINß7OOLFß Pôle du Vignoble ß ß ßRUEß6IRGINIAß %RDREßETß#ENSß Bouaye ß3AINT (ERBLAINßßß ß 0xLEß Les Sorinières 4mLßßßßß /RVAULT ß,A #HAPELLE SUR %RDRE ß Saint-Aignan- ßßßß de-Grand-Lieu &AXßß 3AUTRON ß.ANTESßQUARTIERSßNORDß ß ß ßBDß%INSTEINßß $IRECTIONßDEßLAßCOMMUNICATIONß.ANTESß-mTROPOLE ß 0xLEß.ANTES ,OIREß ß.ANTESß ß3AINT ßßßß #ENTREßVILLE ß-ALAKOFF 4mLßßß n &AXßßßßßß $ONATIEN ßÊLE DE .ANTESß ßmTAGEß ßß ß ß4OUR ß"RETAGNE ß.ANTESß 4mLßßßßßßß &AXßßßßßß
To get closer to the people, Nantes Métropole has opened district centres spanning several neighbourhoods or cities.
European Green Capital Award Nantes 2012 2013
162 Agenda 21 : an essential environmental-management tool.
Agenda 21, adopted by the Nantes Métropole Community Council in February 2006, is the through line of environmental management.
After a complete diagnosis and co-production with more than 600 territory stakeholders, its content was developed on the basis of 21 projects, all of which are regularly followed up : climate action plan, energy policy, eco-neighbourhoods, sustainable transport, reduction of pesticide consumption, management of humid areas, sustainable public contracting and limitation of waste at source are examples of these projects. Agenda 21 also includes more organisational-type projects : training in sustainable development, inter- nal mobilisation to provide outstanding environmental examples (see the Eco-Actions Guide annexed) or assessment tools and commune events.
“Think globally, act locally”. The City of Nantes' Agenda 21 embraces this concept and makes it a reality. At the level of the public policies initiated by the city, since 2004 the accent has been clearly placed on energy effi ciency and greenhouse-gas reduction.
Thus, preservation of biodiversity translates concretely into the environmental protection of fragile natural spaces such as Petite-Amazonie and the Mauves Prairie, both classifi ed as Natura 2000 areas. This does not imply any compromise to the Nantes development conditions. Continuing to densify the city by means of the new PLU (Local Urban Plan), by building the city on itself to fi ght against urban sprawl, developing eco-neighbourhoods such as the “Île de Nantes”, Bottière-Chenaie or Saint-Joseph-de-Porterie, encouraging environmental quality among promoters and social landlords... All of these actions are intended to make the city accessible to the greatest number of people so as to avoid urban sprawl and the devouring of city space. "Living together" remains a true challenge because it involves social cohesion, a pre-requisite for all sustainable development.
European Green Capital Award Nantes 2012 2013
163 APPENDIX
The brochure presenting Nantes Métropole’s Agenda 21 http://www.cmaintenant.eu/fi les/fi le/agenda_21.pdf The territorial Climate Action Plan and the Nantes metropolitan area’s action to promote efforts to curb the greenhouse effect and forestall climate change. The 21 projects in Agenda 21 http://www.cmaintenant.eu/fi les/fi le/fi ches_21_chantiers_Agenda_21.pdf Nantes Métropole’s Agenda 21 http://www.cmaintenant.eu/theme/152 Deliberation about the Climate Action Plan, 9 March 2007 http://www.cmaintenant.eu/fi les/fi le/nm_deliberation_plan_climat2007 Deliberation about the community’s Agenda 21 http://www.cmaintenant.eu/fi les/fi le/Deliberation_agenda21_17_02_06.pdf Deliberation about social and solidarity-driven economics, the three-year plan http://www.cmaintenant.eu/fi les/fi le/Deliberation_ess_15_06_09.pdf The guide presenting eco-attitude for municipal staff http://www.cmaintenant.eu/ressources/8 The Agenda 21 programmes in the City of Nantes http://www.cmaintenant.eu/ressources/8 The drinking-water public service charter, Nantes Métropole’s 12 pledges http://www.cmaintenant.eu/fi les/fi le/charte_service_eau_potable.pdf
CO2 quantifi cation : a horizontal project involving all services.
Following the logic of the Covenant of Mayors, Nantes Métropole is committed to systemising the quantifi cation of public-policy action in terms of CO2 avoided. The objective is both to monitor the greenhouse-gas emissions of actions carried out by Municipality of Nantes and to set in place a tool that will facilitate decision-making relative to the CO2 criterion for future actions. The climate action plan is intended to facilitate the setting up of a carbon culture within the administration's technical services. This culture will be applied equally to operations and administration to demonstrate the exemplary nature of local public service.
Environmental certifi cation of the public services provided by the local authority guarantees quality and demonstrates the efforts taken. The process is primarily carried out with respect to water, administrative buildings, waste and water treatment.
City of Nantes Nantes Métropole
11 % 7 %
93 % 89 %
Number of FTE (full-time equivalent) local Number of FTE (full-time equivalent) local authority employees working in ISO 14001 authority employees working in ISO 14001 certifi ed departments certifi ed departments
European Green Capital Award Nantes 2012 2013
164 The number of local authority departments with certifi ed ISO 14001 environmental management systems : 2 departments and 600 employees, i.e. 11% of FTE (full-time equivalent) staff in Nantes Métropole and 7% in the city of Nantes. On behalf of its public operator (the Authority), the Water department has set in place an integrated, QSE (Quality, Safety and Environment) certifi ed system, with ISO 9001 (2001), OHSAS 18001 (2004) and ISO 14001 (April 2010) certifi cation. This certifi cate concerns the collection, treatment and distribution of drinking water and management of customer relations, in the eight cities managed by the Authority (that is, 440,000 inhabitants, 120,000 subscribers and 270 agents). The Water department employs two ISO 14001 2004 certifi ed operators, who provide service to 110,000 inhabitants, that is, 67,000 subscribers.
APPENDIX
The commitment charter to promote professional integration through public contracts in the metropolitan area of Nantes http://www.cmaintenant.eu/fi les/fi le/charte_Insertion_18_06_04.pdf
The Building department, which manages buildings and properties, is in the fi nal phase of implementing the QSE process and has requested ISO 9001, ISO 14001 and ISO 18001 certifi cation for all of its activities (it is expected that these certifi cations will be obtained in september 2010). As far as waste is concerned, our assignees are certifi ed, in particular those for the multi-sector complex "Arc en ciel" (triple certifi cation : AFNOR 2008 : ISO 9001, NF ISO 14001, OHSAS 8001). And for the Beau- lieu Malakoff domestic-waste incineration plant managed by Valorena (ISO 14000).
The residual waste incineration plant in Nantes Métropole.
Other departments are ISO 9001 certifi ed. These include Water Treatment, certifi ed as an organising body and for its activities as an authority (168 agents).
European Green Capital Award Nantes 2012 2013
165 The COPR (the Nantes Métropole Risk Prevention Unit) : specifi cally designed for the environment.
The Nantes Métropole COPR intervenes in the prevention of industrial risks (systematic visits to enterprises and activity areas, collection, maintenance and sharing of information collected) and the fi ght against accidental pollution (adoption without delay of emergency measures, research and studies in close collaboration with emergency services. Application since 1975 of the “polluter pays” principle.
It inspects 250 to 400 business fi rms a year, deals with 150 to 250 complaints about or proven cases of pollution a year, and feeds a database that it has been compiling since 1992. The budget from the community amounts to €230,000 a year.
D.I.C.R.I.M. DOCUMENTD’INFORMATIONCOMMUNALSURLESRISQUESMAJEURS
janvier 2007
Basse-Goulaine Bouaye Rezé Bouguenais
Brains
Carquefou RISQUES MAJEURS Couëron
Indre Apprenons les bons réflexes !
La Chapelle-sur-Erdre
La Montagne
Le Pellerin
Les Sorinières
Mauves-sur-Loire
Nantes
Orvault
Rezé
Sautron
St-Aignan de Grand Lieu
St-Herblain
St-Jean-de-Boiseau
St-Léger-les-Vignes
Sainte-Luce-sur-Loire
St-Sébastien-sur-Loire
Thouaré-sur-Loire
Vertou DOCUMENTÀCONSERVER
The DICRIM, a document providing information about major risks for each of the 24 cities. It lists all the industrial risks (air pollution and water pollution) and natural risks (fl ooding, earthquakes, etc.) and provides instructions to deal with them.
“Nantes, sustainable city, consumer”.
The City of Nantes has been acting to anchor the sustainable development of its territory. Public contracting, given its economic weight (approximately €100 million, 17% of the 2009 budget) and its infl uence on the market, is an essential axis, part of Agenda 21. The target supply and service contracts identifi ed progressively integrate eco-responsible criteria : eco-foods for restaurants, eco-products for maintenance, social-inclusion clause for household contracts, equitable and eco-textiles, paints, clean vehicles, furniture, construction wood and offi ce supplies that reduce the use of pesticides and phytosanitary products, and orientation towards new practices and eco-actions (reduction in number of printers, recycling of paper and ink cartridges, water recovery).
European Green Capital Award Nantes 2012 2013
166 Clean vehicles in the City of Nantes fl eet (LPG and NVG)
41,5 % LPG clean vehicles 46 % NVG clean vehicles
54 % Other vehicles
The fl eet comprising vehicles that can effectively be acquired with clean engines. Certain types of vehicles (vans, especially), are only available 4,5 % for sale with petrol or diesel engines.
Percentage of contracts for products with eco-labels in the City of Nantes (2009)
14 %
NVG and LPG vehicles Other vehicles
86 %
Percentage of contracts for products with eco-labels (2009) in the city of Nantes
16 %
Cleaning products with an eco-label Cleaning products without an eco-label
84 %
Percentage of contracts for products with eco-labels in the City of Nantes (2009)
21 %
Offi ce furniture with an eco-label Offi ce furniture without an eco-label
79 %
European Green Capital Award Nantes 2012 2013
167 Percentage of contracts to purchase organic food for school canteens in the City of Nantes (2009)
9 %
Organic food (30% of cheese, 100% of grated cabbage) Non-organic food
91 %
Percentage of contracts for products with eco-labels in the City of Nantes (2009)
Paint and glue with an eco-label 42 % 58 % Paint and glue without an eco-label
Percentage of contracts for products with eco-labels in the City of Nantes (2009)
34 %
Energy-effi cient products Other products
66 %
Percentage of contracts for products with eco-labels in the City of Nantes (2009)
16 %
Recycled or eco-certifi ed paper Other paper
84 %
European Green Capital Award Nantes 2012 2013
168 Percentage of contracts for products with eco-labels in Nantes Métropole (2009)
33 %
Organic food (30% of cheese, 100% of grated cabbage) Paper with an eco-label Non-organic food 67 % Paper without an eco-label
Percentage of contracts for products with eco-labels in Nantes Métropole (2009)
40 % Paint and glue with an eco-label Filing systems made of paper with an eco-label Paint and glue without an eco-label Filing systems made of without an eco-label
60 %
Percentage of contracts for products with eco-labels in Nantes Métropole (2009)
Energy-effi cient products 47 % Manufactured paper products with an eco-label Other products 53 % Manufactured paper products without an eco-label
Percentage of contracts for products with eco-labels in the City of Nantes (2009)
24,5 %
Recycled or eco-certifi ed paper Solid wood with PEFC certifi cation Other paper Solid wood without PEFC certifi cation
75,5 %
European Green Capital Award Nantes 2012 2013
169 Percentage of contracts for products with eco-labels in the City of Nantes (2009)
28 %
Wood by-products with PEFC certifi cation Wood by-products without PEFC certifi cation
72 %
Nantes Métropole encourages responsible public procurement and contracts.
APPENDIX
The action plan under the general cross-cutting public policy for sustainable development in Municipality of Nantes (currently being drafted) and the City of Nantes http://www.cmaintenant.eu/ressources/8 The Municipality of Nantes guide for public contracts http://www.cmaintenant.eu/ressources/8 The responsible consumption guide (ARAIS) for the general public http://www.arais.fr/documents.php The social and solidarity-driven economics guide (Ecossolies RFP) http://www.cmaintenant.eu/ressources/8
European Green Capital Award Nantes 2012 2013
170 Nantes Métropole, like the city of Nantes, is particularly concerned with the question of good energy management of its buildings.
Energy Performance Diagnostics were done for 130 buildings, of which 19 were gymnasia, 6 administrative Wood by-products with PEFC certifi cation buildings, 78 schools, 4 day-care centres, 23 socio-cultural buildings. They show an average ratio of 199 Wood by-products without PEFC certifi cation kWh/m2/year and 32 kg/m2/year of CO2 emitted, according to consumption analyse between 2005 and 2007. Between 2000 and 2007, the average consumption of buildings decreases by 8%, from 208 to 191 kWh/ m2/year between 2000 and 2007, overall. In addition, there was a decrease from 22,024 kg CO2 emitted to 20,708 kg, that is, -6% between the same years. The municipal buildings in the city of Nantes account for 0.8% of the Nantes metropolitan area’s total emissions. Over the past fi ve years, energy consumption in public buildings has evolved as follows : 2005 : 197 kWh/sqm/year 2006 : 202.5 kWhep/sqm/year 2007 : 189 kWhep/sqm/year 2008 : 192.1 kWhep/sqm/year 2009 : 191 kWhep/sqm/year The 2009 energy effi ciency indicator for heat : 91.8 kWhep/sqm/year - The 2009 energy effi ciency indicator for electricity : 99.3 kWhep/sqm/year Level of compliance with the European Directive on global energy effi ciency (energy, CO2 and renewable sources) : 51%. Electrical appliances : 95% of total purchases for workstations. Comment : compliance with energy savings standards (Blue Angel, Energy Star, etc.) and recyclable equipment.
The city of Nantes has been monitoring the energy consumption of its buildings since 1996, particularly major consumption of heat (annual assessment of 150 installations, including 40 managed by private operators with profi t-sharing operation contracts).
Energy consumption in Nantes Métropole buildings
KWep/year 12 000
10 000 Natural Gas 8 000 Electrical heating 6 000 District heating 4 000 Electricity 2 000
0 year 2005 2006 2007 2008
European Green Capital Award Nantes 2012 2013
171 These assessments make it possible to monitor results and to defi ne rules for works management. The objectives are followed up in connection with the QSE project and the Cit’ergie labelling.
APPENDIX
The City of Nantes’ sustainable cleaning programme for 2009-2012 http://www.cmaintenant.eu/fi les/fi le/Entretien_Durable_2009-2010.pdf Concerto – ACT2 http://www.cmaintenant.eu/theme/152 http://www.concerto-act2.eu/en/partners/nantes_project/
Nantes Métropole invests particularly in promoting environmental issues among enterprises in its territory.
With its COPR unit, Nantes Métropole monitors installations from an environmental point of view. In addition, Nantes Métropole's strategic orientations concerning economic development indicate the importance of sustainable development that reconciles balance in the territory, maintenance of quality, resource sustainability and social cohesion. Action 13 of Agenda 21: Sustainable Local Industry, and Action 3 : Development of Eco-Technologies, implement these general principles and take into consideration : - maintenance, development and implementation of economic activity within a secured framework; - creation of new activity sites that respect the environment in a perspective of sustainable development; - requalifi cation of ageing activity-sites, particularly with a view to improving environmental quality; - management of incidents (risks, nuisances, etc) resulting from activities in the metropolitan area's territory. With respect to innovation, Nantes Métropole, through its Atlanpole Project (see annexed document), supports the accompaniment of some 15 enterprises in the "clean tech" sector. On the other hand, Nantes Métropole participates in the Regional Innovation Fund with the Region des Pays de la Loire.
European Green Capital Award Nantes 2012 2013
172 APPENDIX Nantes Métropole has funded feasibility studies on the two projects below : - Ouest Environnement : the new environmentally-friendly waste compactor (tight chamber), http://www.cmaintenant.eu/ressources/8 - Phospotec, new ingredients (marine enzymatic hydrolysates) for human nutrition, animal feed and cosmetics, http://www.cmaintenant. eu/ressources/8 Atlanpole : www.atlanpole.fr a technology cluster that supports and coaches young innovative business enterprises in the fi eld of sustainable development and/or green technology. The 2011 Biomarine World Forum in Nantes will focus on sustainable protection and promotion of bio-resources from the sea, www.biomarine.org
The Journées de l’Innovation (innovation workshops), 1998-2008.
European Green Capital Award Nantes 2012 2013
173 11 B Actions carried out during the last fi ve to 10 years.
Development of a global policy of environmental management of community activities.
Nantes Métropole applies a policy of sustainable development with its agents by means of service projects and action plans that take into consideration the climate action plan and Agenda 21, as well as with systems and enterprises, in order to apply throughout its territory an integrated and global policy that involves all stakeholders.
Agenda 21. Nantes Métropole’s Agenda 21 was one of the fi rst in France to be offi cially recognized by the Ministry of the Environment and Sustainable Development. Nantes Metropole has been awarded in February, 2007, for three years.
In February 2010, the Ministry extended this recognition to February 2012, being of the opinion that the dynamic process launched had already achieved suffi cient results to guarantee meaningful advances. At the European level, Nantes Métropole signed the Aalborg Charter in 2004 (the City of Nantes having done so in 1997).
The Conseil de Développement (consulting college) has a role providing expert input, which have considerable weight in Community Council deliberations.
European Green Capital Award Nantes 2012 2013
174 In 2009, 19 of the 24 cities were involved in the communal Agenda 21 programme, some of them since the end of the 1990s.
Number of cities that have adopted an Agenda 21 programme
Number of municipalities
2002 - 1 city
2005 - 3 cities 2006 - Nantes Métropole adopted Agenda 21 2008 - 10 and 16 cities embarked on a programme 2010 (est.) : 13 and 20 cities working on a programme (20 of the 24 cities) year
Nantes Métropole applies this programme throughout its territory and encourages enterprises and citizens to use practices that are more respectful of the environment in well-defi ned, targeted projects, alongside social landlords, individuals and enterprises.
The Malakoff neighbourhood is running an experiment with the “energy effi ciency” project.
European Green Capital Award Nantes 2012 2013
175 The Ecossolies gathering in 2006. A partnership between the community, the innovation cluster, and social and solidarity-driven economics.
The main projects under Agenda 21. The “Energy Effi ciency” project in Malakoff A project to raise inhabitants’ awareness of their energy consumption, in association with Nantes Habitat, a social housing company, in 40 homes in the neighbourhood of Malakoff. Thermography An infrared aerial photograph revealing heat loss in buildings (housing, public facilities and business premises). The Génie Civil Ouest cluster This business cluster is a resource centre that works on groundbreaking technology and tool creation, and an observatory that focuses on buildings, life cycles, resource economics, construction environmental effi ciency, modelling for sustainable urban project creation and management, and eco-innovative neighbourhoods. Ecossolies Nantes Métropole took part in and sponsored the backed the Ecossolies event in June 2006, which gathered 80 initiatives in metropolitan area towns and 11 Pays de la Loire cities, 570 organisations and 30,000 participants. By cementing their initiatives, Ecossolies are highlighting and promoting their economic dimension, consoli- dating a network of stakeholders and the skills they can pool, bringing fresh new momentum to territories, running initiatives targeting neighbourhoods, and working in synch with a European and international drive. This approach has led to a co-construction by stakeholders and the community of the innovation and co-development unit of Economie Sociale et Solidaire (social and solidarity-driven economics).
Services certifi cation. As part of its environmental programme, in place since 2006, and pursuant to certifi cation of the Water department, a certain number of actions have been put in place and followed up as part of an environmen- tal-management programme. Private operators participate in this programme : actions include water-bar events to raise general awareness about tap water and stopping the use of herbicides.
Actions taken concerning waste since 2009 : - Implementation of the collection and treatment of daily hazardous waste, of the Tri’Sac programme in plants, recovery of computer equipment, transport respecting ADR, etc); - Periodic checks according to LEMA and ICPE regulations (noise, air, water, etc) - Awareness raising about the environment through internal communication, "Flash HSE", concerning aspects of the programme.
European Green Capital Award Nantes 2012 2013
176 Increase in the total consumption of eco-labelled products, organic and energy-saving products.
A voluntary process has been begun with respect to purchasing : social and environmental requirements in markets (organic, local products and equitable commerce in collective meals, organic cotton work-clothing, labelled offi ce supplies, PEFC/FSC certifi ed wood), dialogue with suppliers, strong involvement in the Grand Ouest network of sustainable public contracting, as well as of Procura at the European level. 78 local authorities to implement dynamic, interregional integration of fair environmental, social and ethical criteria in public contracting.
The Grand Ouest network. Nantes, Angers and the Pays de la Loire Region co-founded this network in 2006. It counts elected offi cials and technical experts from those communities and the EPCI, and is in touch with a number of other stake- holders (associations, businesses, institutions, etc.). In 2009, Nantes Métropole took part in a task force on rolling out sustainable development policy in communities. This initiative and the discussions it entailed led it to draft a methodological guide. The city of Nantes co-produced a guide for textile procurement based on the conclusions that the task force working on that issue reached, and is currently chairing the task force working on eco-certifi ed wood procurement.
The fi rst phase (2004-2007) made it possible to identify the obstacles and achievements. The fi rst test-contracts are now permanently in place. The process extends to new sectors and integrates, when new contracts are awarded, new products that conform to sustainable development. The offer is growing and suppliers’ commercial policies take these concerns into consideration. The awareness- raising work done by the city with the economic players concerned contributes a great deal.
Procurement in the city of Nantes. Peri-urban farming, short-circuit development. Nantes Métropole is working on developing production and public-sector procurement for school canteens (CAP44 / building effi cient and varied small farming operations). Computer equipment. The eco-responsible attitude is explained, to help people use ‘sleep’ more and printers more sensible. The rationalisation and optimisation programme currently underway is aiming to cut the number of printers by 50% in 2010. Eco-initiatives. Recycling (printer ink cartridges and paper), recovering and reusing water (green spaces) and consuming water in carafes. School canteens : introduction of a vegetarian meal on a regular basis, Repas pour la planète (meal for the planet). Paper. Nantes Métropole is also working to promote paperless exchanges in-house (posting public contracts on an Intranet site) and externally, for public-service users (e.g. it is currently setting up an e-services platform for paperless exchanges with people requiring civil-registry documents, domain names, etc.). This approach should enhance service for users while limiting the use of paper and printing resources.
European Green Capital Award Nantes 2012 2013
177 City of Nantes procurement from 2004 to 2009. Fair trade (food and textile products). - Protocol : coffee, tea, sugar and fruit juice (100%) Parc de véhicules de Nantes - School canteens : rice (100%) % veh propre par rapport - Sports : T-shirts (100%) au véh de - de 3.5t
Organic and/or short circuits. Nantes Nantes Métropole - School canteens : wheat, milk (10,000 litres/year), yoghurt, bread, sea salt, grated carrots (10 tonnes/year), 1999 25% grated cabbage (100%), cheese (30%) 2000 23% - The introduction of a vegetarian meal and a “meal for2001 the planet”28% 16% 2002 36% 26% Eco-product targets. 2003 36% 27% - Recycled printer ink cartridges (70% gain on costs)2004 39% 28% 2005 39% 29% - Cleaning products (50%) 2006 41% 28% - Pesticide, fertiliser, etc. (use of natural products (composting)2007 38% and eco-sensitive28% practices 2008 36% 29% - Solvent-free paint 2009 37% 29% Ces données issues des prises de Vehicles. carburant seraient à affiner. Elles montrent bien cependant les tendances. From 1999 to 2009, the percentage of clean vehicles in fl eet increase from 25 to 37% in the City of Nantes (and from 16% to 29% in the Urban Community since 2001).
Fuel type breakdown, vehicles in Nantes Métropole Percentage of clean vehicles under 3.5 tonnes and Nantes City fl eets, 2009 in the City of Nantes and Nantes Métropole
%
Nantes Métropole
City of Nantes
Nantes Métropole
City of Nantes year Number of vehicles (under 3.5 tonnes)
A la Ville de Nantes, la politique a été de privilégier la lutte contre les émissions de CO2 (entre 2007 et 2009), et beaucoup de véhicules Diesel ont donc été achetés, d'où un pourcentage de véhicules propres qui diminue. Diester NVG Diesel LPG Hybrid Leadless Actuellement, on a une approche plus globale de l'ensemble des polluants. Fuel
NOTA : les véhicules électriques n’ont pas été intégrés à ces statistiques.
In 2009, Nantes Métropole launched an active project to take the environment into consideration in contracts by methodically implementing pilot contracts including training in eco-responsibility (particularly in works contracts).
Nearly 60 people have participated in this training. In addition, in 2010, Nantes Métropole set up training in negotiation. During these cycles, the objective of functionally describing needs has been emphasised, in order to encourage exchange of experience with the technical solutions proposed and to stimulate more innovative solutions and practices, particularly concerning sustainable development.
Objectives in cooperative, voluntary economy : - to introduce cooperative, voluntary economy in the various public policies of Municipality of Nantes, - to carry out research and development of socio-economic innovation, - to support projects that address inhabitants’ concrete concerns, - to develop the image of a territory that promotes multi-year saving.
European Green Capital Award Nantes 2012 2013
178 Increasing the energy effi ciency of community and communal buildings.
Nantes Métropole is the Energie Cité link for 8 of the metropolitan cities for this campaign and also operates an energy technique network.
Community buildings. Données de consommation en énergie primaire, corrigée du climat, sur le patrimoine constant de Nantes Métropole de 2005 à 2008 (consos gaz en PCI et énergie électrique convertieElectricity en primaire consumption avec facteur 2,58). has been decreasing constantly since 2005.
ElectricityConsommations consumption en énergie has beendes onbâtiments a steady communautaires downward trend de since Nantes 2005 Métropole
12 000 TOTALTotal 10 000 8 000 ElectricitéElectricity 6 000
MWh District heating 4 000 Chauffage Urbain 2 000 ChauffageElectric heating 0 Electrique 2005 2006 2007 2008 GazNatural Naturel gas Annéeyear
2008-2009 : energy assessments on about 15 buildings and the defi nition of a large-scale refurbishing programme that will last several years (€600,000). Municipality of Nantes is also taking part in the Display programme.
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179 Public lighting. Modernisation of public lighting : from 2006 to 2008, more than 4000 lighting units were replaced with more effective versions, an operation which is recognized and valued for its energy effi ciency within the context of the French regulation, Certifi cats d'Economie d'Energie totaling 27 Gwhcumac.
A street in Nantes.
Communal buildings. The cities of the metropolitan area are particularly involved in energy saving in their public buildings (schools, gymnasia, etc). For city of Nantes : - 1998 and 2004 : Energy Action Plans - 2003-2007 : energy pre-diagnostics of buildings representing approximately 72% of the energy expenses of all buildings. - 2008-2009 : investments with payback of < 5 years, subsequent to the recommendations of the pre- diagnostics. - Surveillance and optimisation of water consumption by buildings and green spaces (-34% between 2004 and 2007). - Systematic pre-requirements for renovation or new works (climate programme, defi nition of an HEQ profi le, replacement of heating plants more than 25 years old before the end of 2014, objective of 0 heating plant fuel by the end of 2014, systematic analysis for the implementation of renewable energy (geothermics, solar thermics, etc). - 2008 : Display of the energy performance diagnostics (130 buildings). (see attached documents).
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180 From 2000 to 2009, average consumption in city of Nantes buildings decreased by 7%, from 205 to 191 kWh/sqm/year, overall. Over that same period of time, CO2 emissions dropped 4% from 20,383 to 19,648 km. The city of Nantes’ municipal buildings account for 0.8% of the Nantes metropolitan area’s total emissions.
APPENDIX
City of Nantes building consumption and CO2 emissions calculated under French and European approaches (corrected to accommodate weather conditions over the past three decades). http://www.cmaintenant.eu/fi les/fi le/Evol_consos_00_09_Climatiques_CO2.pdf The DPE (energy effi ciency assessment) for the City of Nantes, 2009. http://www.cmaintenant.eu/fi les/fi le/DPE_ville_de_Nantes_2009.pdf
Since 2009 : - The levels of energy consumption of new buildings (BBC – Low Consumption Buildings) and of our major reconditionings (RT2005 Globale and BBC Réha) are assessed after one and two years of operation; - Setting in place of remote management of 150 heating installations and equipment (end of 2011) and of remote metering of all power- and water meters; - Training in HEQW, in the BBC label, and awareness-raising concerning eco-actions for all internal players in the Commune of Nantes concerned; - Systematic integration of consultation on EnR (removable energy) in all projects involving buildings and all new projects.
Raising awareness in the territory as regards environmental risks.
Concerning risk prevention and management, particularly environmental risks, the policy carried out in Nantes Métropole is intended to ensure, to the greatest extent possible, the safety and health of all of the metropolitan area's citizens. In fact, the presence in the territory of risks (natural, technological, environ- mental, sanitary, from networks, in daily life, etc), pollution (air, water, soil, polluted sites, etc), nuisance (noise, odours, dust, etc), as well as signifi cant demographics and dynamic economic development, exist hand-in-hand with an increase in the vulnerability of the territory and its inhabitants. This observation makes it necessary to manage the question of risks, nuisances and pollution in all its forms, even more so given that citizens are increasingly demanding that they be able to live "in a healthy, risk-free enviroment". Given that the safeguarding of our environment and our safety is of concern to everyone, the scale adopted by Nantes Métropole is signifi cant, in order to observe, prevent and act. In fact, when any urban risk arises, often all the inhabitants of a population basin may be impacted. Nantes Métropole is therefore committed to a voluntary, community policy with the following objectives : - living with risks and making citizens players in their own safety and health; - improving the quality of the living environment, a challenge in environmental health; - adapting to climate change.
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181 Risk Prevention plan.
In order to achieve these objectives, in 2004 Nantes Métropole adopted its Local Risk and Pollution Prevention Plan, which uses a global approach to act on the entire risk chain : - upstream, by means of prevention (risk awareness, taking risk into consideration in urban projects – PLU, SCOT (Territorial Coherence and Organisations Scheme), etc - , means of surveillance, training actions and preventive information for the population; - downstream, "to be ready when...", by means of the organisation of crisis management with all of the players concerned (the drafting of crisis-management plans, Community Intervention Plans – PIC - and Community Protection Plans - PCS), a municipal protection plan, the setting in place of alert devices and population information, DICRIM (Communal Information Document on Major Risks), etc. The Local Risk and Pollution Prevention Plan is based on several principles, which are also the conditions for its success : - the political will and commitment of elected representatives, particularly the 24 mayors, who have signed a risk-and-pollution-prevention charter; - strong local partnerships, based on relationships of trust, with the communes, of course, but also with the services of the state, the SDIS (Departmental Fire and Rescue Service), enterprises, researchers and civil society; - national and international awareness-raising through the exchange of experiences by means of local- authority and European projects. Thanks to this exemplary choice at the national level, Nantes Métropole is able to act with the mayors and the Prefect to create a common, dynamic approach. Inter-city is a facilitating tool, in a spirit of pooling, rendering service to citizens more effective.
Sustainable economic development.
In addition, the actions carried out by Nantes Métropole to promote sustainable economic development include : - drafting of the Sustainable Economic-Development Master Plan (cf. objectives and action plan/tools in the “Short and Long-Term Commitments” section); - the accompaniment of enterprises in investments to improve their urban and environmental integration within the context of the implementation of a community economic intervention fund and of a policy to set up economic sites in the Nantes metropolitan area : construction of activity premises of high environmental quality;
Building high environmental quality business premises (e.g. the Abalone building in the Loire business district, a wood-fi red boiler in Chantrerie technological park, etc.).
- the support of competitiveness centres and clusters in the areas of sustainable construction, energy per- formance and the development of renewable energy (recycling of composite waste through the EMC2 competition centre, promotion of the Blue Cluster, focus on marine bio-resources, implementation within the context of the Civil Engineering Eco-Centre of a regional resource centre for economic and sustainable building).
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182 11 C Planned short- and long-term measures.
Nantes Métropole's Agenda 21 will be reassessed in 2010 and the various stakeholders will be evaluated (€50,000 budgeted for this evaluation). This is a question of reviewing Agenda 21 so as to integrate it in a general, transversal, public policy in sustainable development that will refl ect the overall mobilisation of all public policy in this area.
This public policy and the technical and steering policies will guarantee an integrated approach to these environmental issues by all Nantes Métropole services.
Furthermore, the focus will be on territorial awareness-raising through interconnecting all of the partner players and communities in the territory : enterprises, associations, socio-professional sectors, socio-cultural players, etc.
1. Development of a global policy of environmental management of community activities.
Nantes Métropole will continue the actions taken during recent years in order to further the practices of sustainable development in its territory, including in association with economic development and local enterprises (Sustainable Economic Development Master Plan).
Nantes Métropole managerial project.
Nantes Métropole will continue the certifi cation of its urban services (ISO 14001). As of 2010, generalisation of the carbon assessments to all activities will contribute to planning that will help the public service evolve and progress. Training actions are planned with the agents.
Sustainable Economic Development Master Plan.
The Sustainable Economic Development Master Plan is in the process of being drafted and is being harmonised with Action 13 of the Nantes Métropole Agenda 21, adopted on 17 February 2006. The plan consists of 4 strategic axes : - identifi cation and qualifi cation of the economic land offer, - improvement of the quality of the land offer (urban, rural, environmental and architectural), - improvement of the quality of installations (site management, reception and accompaniment of enterprises,) - information and communication, in order to make economic development a shared project.
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183 Quartier de la Création, a competitiveness cluster driving employment.
2. Certifi cation projects.
The environmental process undertaken with the Water department, with the objective of "ensuring the effectiveness of the public service for a controlled water price", is intended to integrate follow-up of all actions, particularly those in favour of the environment, within overall management of activities and services, by encouraging the players to take responsibility at the appropriate levels. This global management system is in the process of being implemented and will be operational in 2011, with the certifi cation process well underway.
The budget for the water management system
€90,000 for action under the environmental initiative for 2010, excl. payroll costs.
Examples of action plans rolled out in 2009 that will continue in 2010-06-14
- Plant modernisation (€60 million from 2013 to 2018, with an objective, inter alia, to cut energy consumption by 13%, i.e. 2 million kWh a year). - Hazardous waste management (prevention measures, training, a database, etc.) - Territorial Climate Action Plan : the carbon assessment for the water management body for 2010-2012, in association with the plan to modernise the plant - The vulnerable areas in the drinking water network were identifi ed and addressed (use of water, protection of the quality of water, etc.) - Improved crisis management, drills, updated the Plan d’Etablissments Répértoriés (list of registered establishments) - Further sharing of environmental values in exchanges with service providers - Environmental constraints, in particular pertaining to pesticides, now apply in close protection areas around the three water intakes
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184 185 Above and beyond the certifi cation expected for buildings (ISO 9001, ISO 14001 and ISO 18001 in September 2010), Cit’ergie labelling is planned for December 2010.
Cit’ergie (European Green Energy Award) : the city of Nantes label will enable it to work on its purchasing practices and to integrate environ- mental criteria, taking energy and climate aspects into consideration.
Acquisition of offi ce materials, consumables (paper, etc, offi ce articles and equipment, building maintenance) and recommendations for the choice of materials (buildings and public works), purchase and operation of vehicles according to ecological criteria, energy purchases, electricity in particular.
APPENDIX
Cit'ergie, the situation today, the City of Nantes’ action catalogue http://www.cmaintenant.eu/fi les/fi le/cit_ergie_etat_des_lieux_vdn.pdf Cit'ergie, the City of Nantes catalogue assessment as at 12 April 2010 http://www.cmaintenant.eu/fi les/fi le/Cit_ergie_Evaluation_2010_04_12_Catalogue_NANTES.pdf Environment and energy process fact sheet http://www.cmaintenant.eu/fi les/fi le/Processus_qualite_environnementale_bat_et_politique_energetique.pdf Procedure sheet for Signifi cant Environmental Aspects http://www.cmaintenant.eu/fi les/fi le/Procedure_AES.pdf
3. Increase in the total consumption of eco-labelled products, organic products and energy-saving products.
Nantes Métropole intends to set up, on the community level (in association with the metropolitan cities), a consistent and global programme of sustainable development (purchasing groups, etc).
City of Nantes objectives 2009-2012 : - Two-thirds of contracts must include environmental or social criteria before 2014 (600 contracts/year). - 100% of balloons from ethical/equitable sources - 20% eco- and/or short-circuit products - 100% certifi ed wood, including wood products - 100% recycled or eco-certifi ed paper - Involvement of the territory, particularly within the context of the TDCE (Equitable Trade Territory) and its progressive expansion to sustainable purchasing from a global point of view.
Building maintenance : Within the contracts for the cleaning of community buildings 2010, the use of eco-labelled products that respect the environment and the health of users is imposed.
Development of public space :
The launching of an eco-responsible approach to the development of public space : 2010 Training Plan, the creation of methodology fi les, the updating of the Nantes Métropole Guide to Public Contracts, the designating of eco-responsible referents, and assessment.
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185 Vehicles – objectives 2009-2014 : - To reduce the number of vehicles in the fl eet (an audit is underway). - To renew the fl eet with clean vehicles, reducing CO2 emissions and local pollutants (67% of light transport vehicles renewed by Nantes Métropole in 2009, were replaced with clean vehicles, 45% for the City). - To promote the creation of infrastructures for the distribution of alternative fuels. - To decrease global consumption of fuel by acting to renew the fl eet and promoting eco-driving. - To continue with the policy of encouraging personnel to use shared transport and bicycles. - To develop biodiesel for diesel vehicles.
4. Increasing the energy effi ciency of community and communal buildings.
For Nantes : The actions carried out by the city of Nantes with respect to energy saving in its buildings for the years 2009-2014 : - systematisation of the LCB (Low Consumption Building) level in all new building projects (RT 2005 –50%) and - 50% in reconditioning with an LCB objective (RT 2005 – 40%) - certifi cation of 21% green electricity in the consumption of City buildings - the setting up of a QSE (Quality, Safety and Environment) process with certifi cation objective before Summer 2010 APPENDIX The commitment charter to promote professional integration through public contracts in the metropolitan area of Nantes http://www.cmaintenant.eu/fi les/fi le/charte_Insertion_18_06_04.pdf The deliberation about the implementation of the professional qualifi cation and integration clause in public-sector contracts http://www.cmaintenant.eu/fi les/fi le/delib_Insertion_marches_publics_18_06_04.pdf Indicators tracking transformation into primary energy as seen by France http://www.cmaintenant.eu/fi les/fi le/Indicateurs_energie_primaire_France.pdf The Nantes metropolitan area’s Plan Vélo (cycling plan) for 2009-2014 http://www.cmaintenant.eu/fi les/fi le/plan_velo_2009_2014.pdf Application for clearance, second session, November 2007. Presentation of territorial sustainable development projects and local Agenda 21 programmes http://www.cmaintenant.eu/fi les/fi le/Reconnaissance_2007_A21_Ministere.pdf
- remote metering for power and water in City buildings before the end of 2011 - analysis of the systematic implementation of photovoltaic power stations in projects for new buildings and in the event of roof renovations.
Nantes City is reviewing the options to develop photovoltaic power plants on new projects and during refurbishing work.
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186 187 Nantes Métropole encourages its services to select eco-labelled products when such products meet functional requirements. This is therefore a question of increasing the percentage of sustainable products purchased. However, these contracts are often conditioned by the existence, or not, of relevant commercial offers.
In addition, Nantes Métropole intends to promote these eco-responsible approaches by technically monitoring certain contracts and stimulating these offers or behaviour in certain activity sectors, such as works (recourse to recycled products, water saving, waste separation, etc) in the context of a quality- purchasing process.
5. The Sustainable Economic Development Master Plan : a 5-axis project for the territory.
- To defi ne a land-offer strategy that integrates environmental-performance criteria; - To formalise a tool enabling decisions concerning maintenance, development and implementation of ac- tivities and, in particular, industrial and logistic activities within the metropolitan area, within a context of risk- and nuisance management and in a perspective of urban integration; - To identify the conditions for requalifi cation of existing activity sites and to develop a measurement panel in order to reduce nuisance and improve respect for the environment at the enterprise- and activity-area levels; - To improve the management of enterprise projects and, particularly, operational conditions for the reception and development of activities, by systematically distinguishing the specifi c characteristics of industrial activities; - To defi ne information/dialogue tools with inhabitants about enterprises. The plan will be implemented using various tools intended to ensure the consistency of the local intervention system within the area of economic development with respect to the challenges and objectives of the Master Plan. Some actions have been begun but not yet assessed : environmental audits of old industrial sites with a view to determining priority actions for the redevelopment of public space or the creation of common services, integration of environmental-quality criteria in specifi cations for the transfer of land in the activity area of Maison Neuve 2, as well as in concession agreements entered into with developers (such as the Croix Rouge – Moulin Cassé Development Area).
In addition, within the context of devices to accompany enterprises (ITT, etc), Nantes Métropole will include in these new selection criteria a “sustainable development” criterion in order to choose enterprises that have a verifi able programme in favour of energy saving and the limiting of greenhouse-gas emissions.
APPENDIX Guidelines and action for sustainable economic development http://www.cmaintenant.eu/fi les/fi le/Axes_Actions_deveco_durable.pdf Follow-up on action for sustainable economic development http://www.cmaintenant.eu/fi les/fi le/Suivi_actions_deveco_durable.pdf
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186 187 11 D Geographic and historical factors that have negatively infl uenced the indicators.
Nantes Métropole chose to take this very integrated approach to sustai- nable development by focusing not only on the environmental factor.
In addition, the intention to develop assessment applied to the specifi c reality of the territory has not yet made it possible to accumulate a reference guide extending over several years.
A drinking-water plant on a constrained urban site.
The drinking-water production plant that provides water for half of the Department's population is located in an urban area, which has an impact on the journey time and on organisation optimisation. This urban environment (railway rights of way, major road axis, the presence of a Natura 2000 area), imposes considerable spatial constraint on the environmental plan (cf. the plant site, annexed). The plant is located on the outskirts of the estuary and is subject to the presence of a bottleneck of sediment accumulation and of a salt-water interface, which led, in 1989, to the setting up of complete facilities and to moving the water intake 15 km upstream, away from the area affected by the salt-water interface. The cost of the operation in 1989 amounted to €20 million (equivalent to FFr 130 million).
APPENDIX An urban enclave in an up-and-coming area http://www.cmaintenant.eu/fi les/fi le/annexe_usine_env.pdf
Unfavourable decentralised organisation of the energy issue in services.
Until the end of 2007, budget decisions affecting the city of Nantes Building department and relative to the major maintenance of public buildings were under the jurisdiction of the Functional Department, which were not connected to the management of energy budgets. This did not work in favour of improving the energy behaviour in buildings and installations. Since 2008, the city of Nantes Buildings department manages the budget allocated to major maintenance and is therefore better able to steer the energy improvement of its buildings. Furthermore, as a result of the energy pre-diagnostic carried out on educational and sports buildings (representing 64% of all consumption), two contracts were signed between the Functional departments and the BATI (Building, Architecture, Works and Engineering), in order to facilitate investment in energy management with the use of savings observed for other similar actions on their real estate property (the virtuous circle).
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