Police Raids Cause~^ Cato Manor Deaths

COULD 440 MINERS Crowds of Afri cans wait at the shafthead of the Clydesdale mine where 434 African miners and six Europeans were NRIIE SAVED? trapped under ground last week in the worst min ing disaster ever to hit South Africa.

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From Ruth First iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiimiiiiiimmimiiiimiiiiiiiiimiiimumiiiiiiiiiiiiHiiiiimiimmiuiiuii^ JOHANNESBURG. JpIVE full days after the shocking tragedy at the Clydesdale coal mine—the most horrible accident in the history of all South African mining—not only have the names of the missing African miners not yet been released but there are a number of other questions that the public wants to ask: i' Why are the names of the African miners entombed undei^ound still not listed? Are reports that in the old mine underground rumblings were heard three weeks ago correct? Was the old shaft too near the surface and a danger to life, but kept working nevertheless? Why was no notice taken of the first underground falls three hours before the full tragedy occurred? (Continued on page 2)

I Vol. 6, No. 15, Registered at the G.P.O. as a Newspaper POLICE RAIDS CAUSE~^ i NORTHERN EDITION Thursday, January 28, 1960 6 d . CATO MANOR iiiiniiiiiiiiiiimiiimiiiiiiiiiumimiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiimiimiiiiimiiimiiiiiiiimiiiimiiiil Mrs. Mafekeng's DEATHS Banishment From M. P. Naicker DURBAN. T»HE GROWING RESENT- H j t Paorl Council MENT OF THE PEOPLE 3 ® AGAINST POLICE RAID Gives the Lie ING PARTIES IN THE CATO MANOR AREA ONCE AGAIN EXPLODED to De Wet Nel IN VIOLENCE LAST SUN CAPE TOWN. DAY NIGHT WHEN NINE rr'H E Paarl Town Council’s POLICEMEN—FOUR EURO request for the banish PEAN AND FIVE AFRICAN ment of Mrs. Elizabeth Mafe- —WERE KILLED. iceng had nothing to do with Of the original raiding party of her visit overseas, the Acting 22 only two escaped uninjured. The Town Clerk of Paarl told New fifth European constable in the Age on Monday. party was critically injured. In an attempt to justify his A second raiding party in a banishment of Mrs. Mafekeng, (Continued on page 8) B.A.D. Minister De Wet Nel told Parliament last week that he had not taken action against her because she wanted to increase the wages of CONGRESS workers or because she was chairman of her trade union in Paarl, but because she had WINS gone on a visit behind the iron curtain in 1955 and made speeches on her return praising BASUTOLAND what was done in the Commu nist countries. He added that the request ELECTIONS for the removal of Mrs. Mafe Mr. B. M.*Khaketla, Deputy keng had come from the Town Leader of the Basutoland Con Council of Paarl. gress Party, got a tumultuous In an interview with New reception from his supporters Age on Monday, the Acting last Wednesday night when it Town Clerk of Paarl. Mr. V. was announced that he had Scholtemeyer, admitted that his won the Maseru election for (Continued on page 2) his party. CODID 440 MINERS HAVE BEEN SAVED? (Continued from page 1) married compound not to let any reporters in. Why the long time lag be What is the difficulty in releasing tween the accident and rescue a list of African victims? Four con tradictory sets of figures of missing teams going into operation? men have been released ranging Maybe the mine management from 250 to 500. The latest figure can answer some of these ques at the time of going to press is tions, but so far there has been 440. of whom 434 are Africans. By Monday the Portuguese Cura some reluctance to divulge in tor who had visited Clydesdale and formation on these points. spoken to Mozambique Africans SACTU CALL knew 210 were men contracted in The South African Congress of Portuguese East Africa. Their pass Trade Unions has called urgently port numbers ar? known and their for a full-scale public inquiry into names are being checked from the causes of the disaster, and es these. It is not yet known how pecially whether mine safety pre many are married or with other cautions were adequate. SACTU has dependants. also appealed to the colliery owners The Portuguese Curator seems to >^hen paying compensation not to know more than the mine authori discriminate between White and ties about the missing men. Is there African victims. no regular clock-in system for miners going underground? MINE’S REASONS The mine gives various reasons OLD MINE for the non-release of the names of The colliery which is owned by the African victims. The first: “It the South African General Mining involves too much checking.” and Investment Company, was opened in 1905. It was given a new “We're too busy.” The second ver lease of life by the erection of the sion is that a number of African Vicky in the New Statesman miners took fright at the first warn Taaibos power station and the ing of a rockfall underground and Sasolburg development. The older ‘O, pardon me, thou bleeding piece of earth, deserted their shifts, and the release colliery is north of Clydesdale That I am meek and gentle with these butchers!’ of lists now when the mine has been where the tragedy occurred. This — J u l iu s C aesar, Act III, Sc. 1 unable to check on the deserters mine must be one of the last in may cause panic by including the the Union still to be using horses names of men listed as missing but in underground pits. who are really deserters. The disaster has struck one man Yet even now, at the time of in seven of the 3,000 African miners going to press, no proper check has at Clydesdale. CONGRESS LEADERS SAY been made in the compound, also African miners waiting anxiously no call to 'he deserters that if they for news of any survivors are still report back to the compound they reliving the events of last Thursday need fear no repercussions for flee afternoon. It is an ironic fact that ing from the accident. five miners who deserted their shift "NO" TO VERWOERD'S New Age interview? with miners because they took fright at under who fled from the shaft alongside ground noises and dense black dust the one where the tragedy occurred clouds and were to be locked^ up in raises the question whether this hor the compound cells for the crime of desertion are alive to tell the tale. REPUBLIC says it has no illusions about the rible disaster could not have been RAN AWAY fact that the Nationalists intend to avoided had the mine taken warning DURBAN no say. Any republic without the establish a fascist republic, fo:r this at the first fall of earth and clouds These five—and there may have “ip H E Republican issue as posed backing of the Non-White peoples been some others too—were on night has been advodhted by Nationalist of dense black dust three hours be by Dr. Verwoerd is not prac must fail.” leaders for years. fore the tragedy. shift in the shaft nearby where the tical politics in so far as the Non- The mine authorities say to this tragedy occurred and they took to If the Nationalists succeed in de their heels and ran, fearing an ac White people are concerned at the JOHANNESBURG. that the initial fall was not big and present stage. The African people ceiving Europeans into thinking the collieries have falls all the time cident was imminent. On the sur ^ H E African National Con they want a democratic, parliament face three were persuaded to return are not in favour of a Republic (this explanation came from a com until they are acorded full demo gress is strongly opposed ary form of republic, this is because pany emplovee who said he was not to work under threat of being the White concept of democracy locked up. cratic rights,” said Chief A. J. both to the form of the Repub has been warped by racialism. speaking officially). Lutuli in an exclusive interview lic announced by Dr. Verwoerd Minister De Klerk visited the These three were about to go with New Age. The Congress statement warns the mine officially on Sunday and underground for the second time and the method of bringing it people of South Africa not to be when, thev told New Age, a White “When a major constitutional oflered sympathy to the families of change is to be effected in the about. It will fight uncompro deceived by the mild language in the six White miners but made no miner told them with tears in his which the Referendum announce eyes it was not safe to go under country, the entire population must misingly for government in attempt to do the same to the Afri have a say in whether they agree ment was couched. This was merely can victims’ families. ground. They turned back again in which EVERYBODY, regard a tactic to win over the English- time. Their two mates who had with such a change or not,” he A New Age reporter who was added. less of colour or creed, will speaking section. Dr. Verwoerd has V ith the official party at the time meanwhile been locked in the C '#m - have the right to participate. ignored repeated assurances by his pound cells were released immedi “Dr. Verwoerd’s decision to have predecessors that a republic will be asked if the Minister would not see a referendum amongst the White the African families. No, came the ately after the tragedy occurred. This is a statement issued from established only on the broad will Among the miners clustering at electorate only is a matter of grave ANC headquarters last week as the reply, because the Africans have no concern to us. The African Na of the people. families at Clydesdale but hail from the pithead are some wearing ban country debated the Nationalist re Non-European opinion has been Portuguese East Africa and Basuto dages who were bruised and in tional Congress demands the right ferendum for a republic. completely ignored, and this shows land. jured in the headlong rush to get to participate in this referndum,’' Non-Europeans, who are two- once more the utter contempt in out of the mine while the accident said Chief Lutuli. thirds of the population, will have which the majority opinion in the. In the married quarters near the “When I say that we want to par mine are the families of the Union was happening. Others injured are no say whatever in these far-reach country is held by thg Nationalists. miners trapped underground. Signi reported to be in the mine hospital ticipate, I mean direct participation, ing constitutional changes, stresses ficantly the mine authority gave in but New Age was unable to check not a ‘consultation’ at an indaba at the Congress. this. Zululand or the Transkei, which The African National Congress structions to the police guarding the has become the Nationalist method of giving a ‘say to the African peo DIZAMAHLEBO ple’.” Chief Lutuli said that the repub lic envisaged by the Natioanalists Mrs. MAFEKENG (IMBIZA YEGAZI) Violence Breeds Violence would enshrine the ideology of (Continued from page 1) CK 1 apartheid. 'YTIOLENCE is becoming Africa can be the home of all Council had asked for Mrs. who live in it. “In fact.” he added, “the Repub * more and more the order lic planned by Verwoerd is no doubt Mafekmg’s banishment. of the day in South Africa. Help us fight for this policy! the first step in the direction of a BUT, HE ADDED, HER Lembiza inyanga Isiyezi Ama- The killing of nine policemen Only your financial help can Nationalist dictatorship.” TRIP OVERSEAS HAD “NO- gxa, Ingalo, Umgqwaliso, Isi- in Cato Manor last Sunday is keep New Age alive! Dr. G. M. Naicker. President of THING TO DO WITH IT.” tshisa, Amahlaba Izivubeko, no accident. It is the culmina He refused to give the reasons Inyongo, Isisu Esixuxuzelayo, tion )f years and years of Send your donation today! the South African Indian Congress, commenting on the statement made for the Council’s request. Esinomoya, Ukuqunjelwa, Ing- oppression, segregation, police Last Week’s Donations: The Minister, replying to qele, Umkhondo, Umlambo brutality and inhumanity. by Dr. Verwoerd on the establish Johannesburg: ment of a republic, told New Aee Mr. L. B. Lee-Warden, M.P. U k u d i n w a, Nokurawuzela These ^ acts of violence will for Africans in the Western komzimba. become more and more fre Izzy £10, Joe and Ruth £55, that Dr. Verwoerd’s utterance in Rebecca £4, Les £10, Rusty Parliament was a stern reminder Cape, also said that world pro Sela ngecephe elikhulu katha- quent and not less so, because paganda had been made about thu ngemini emvakokutya. the polides of the Nationalist and Hilda £40, Friends £20, “that a little Hitler is in our midst the case of Mrs. Mafekeng. Government are breeding more Opt. £2, Izzy £2, Mr. Lentsa and already members of his Cabi He would say emphatically resentment and more brutality 10s. net, by various decrees and powers that if any other woman acted on both sides of the colour Cape Town: vested in them, have swept aside the way Mrs. Mafekeng had Thumela i-12/6 sizo kukuthu line. democratic rights.” mela lyeza thina. A.F. 10s., CB. £2, R. and The republic of present-day Af done, he would have taken the The Dolicy of the Congresses D. Lucky People £3, Bob £1, same action against her, even Manufactured by in our multi-racial society is F.S. 10s., Tailor 10s., Pots and rikaner nationalism, with Dr. Ver if she had 50 children. one of multi-racialism, based woerd at the helm, would attempt KASSEL’S PHARMACY Pans £1.10, Double Yolk £2, to ride the Non-Whites into the But the world still wants to on equal rights for all. New Ally Sisters £1, W.A.H. £2.6.1, know what Mrs. Mafekeng has Chemists/Aptekers Age supports this pidicy, be J.Z. £4, Maseru Collections ground. Dr. Naicker said. “More done. Mr. de Wet Nel tells one cause we feci that one form of (per Anti-Pass Kumalo) £1.1.2, oppressive rule must be expected story. Paarl Town Council tells Bronte Buildings/Geboue reactionary nationalism should with the heavy jackboot of repub another. Lansdowne Road/Weg J. and J. £2, J.B. £2, G.M. 4s. licanism. . not be supplanted by another WE WANT TO KNOW CLAREMONT, Cape Town and we believe that South TOTAL: £167 Is. 3d. “We in Congress will most THE TRUTH. strenuously oppose any form of re public where the Non-Whites have “MEET OUR LEADERS CALL to MAC JOHANNESBURG. The ANC could not prevent Mac millan's visit to the Union, but now MEET OUR LEADERS that he is here draws his attention AND HEAR THE to the two sharply opposed camps in the country. OTHER SIDE OF THE Two million Whites have arro STORY, is the message with gated to themselves the right to which the African National rule and dominate the 13 million Congress greets Mr. Macmillan, Non-Whites. The Nationalists will try to prove Britain’s Prime Minister, as he that condemnation of apartheid is starts his South African visit unjust. this week. “T h ^ will show you the houses “NAME THE TIME AM ) built for Africans, but you will Lutuli—issues an invitation. PLACE” not be taken to the courts to see The ANC letter to Macmillan hundreds of Africans persecuted urges him to name a time and place for failing to pay rents they can when he will meet the Congress not afford because of their low leaders who represent the majority wages.” ANC APPEAL of the people of South Africa, for The Macmillan visit is at a time theirs is a point of view which suc of preparation for the Golden Jubi cessive governments in the Union lee of Union. F"or the Africans there ON BAARTMAN have ignored, and which the Na is nothing Golden during the fifty PORT ELIZABETH tionalists are now trying ruthlessly years of Union. The African National Congress to suppress. Each year of Union has been (Cape) has sent the following letter The five-page letter to Macmillan one conlinuous assault on. the to the BAD Minister, Mr. de Wet makes the following points; rights of the African people. Nel: It regrets that Macmillan is visit CHAMBER OF HORRORS Greetings, ing South Africa at the invitation of South Africa is a “Chamber of You will recall that you have the Nationalists because the Nation Horrors of Racialism.” caused Mr. Ben Baartman to be alists will try to use the visit to Macmillan should ask to see exiled to Ingwavuma and left his quell the mounting world-wide con the slave markets (called Labour family of five at Worcester. demnation of their racialism and Bureaux) or a police raid for We would like to draw your at oppressive policies. passes, because the pass laws tention to the fact that last week It would be most unfortunate alone make South Africa a living his wife died suddenly leaving four if the Nationalist Party should be hell for Africans. Forced labour children, Mary (11), Fini (8), Joyce given an opportunity to claim is maintained by the pass laws. (5), and Sidwell (18) months. that their policies have the sym Britain is a country which gave We appeal to you to ensure that pathies of the head of the United birth to the trade union movement, Mr. Baartman be with his child Kingdom government. Already but in the Union the Nationalist ren at Worcester and be free to British support for South Africa Government policy is to bleed Afri work for them. at the United Nations has raised can unions to death, and strike ac We know that he is your poli serious 4^Jubts about the attitude tion is illegal. tical opponent and as long as you of the Bfitish Government to RIGHTS DESTROYED perpetuate your party policy he Macmillan—shows his teeth. wards racialism. The Nationalists say their Bantp- has pledged to oppose you and stan scheme will extend democratic your party. rights to Africans, but it is in fact When you were a member of the final destruction of the last ves the opposition you exercised the tiges of democratic rights the Afri fundamental right to criticise the WHO cans have enjoyed. Smuts Government. There is no IS THIS MAN The persecution of the politicH earthly reason therefore why you leaders through bans, banishments Nshould deprive Ben Baartman of and arrests are proof that the rhat fundamental right. Nationalists are opposed to inde We will hold you responsible for MACMILLAN > pendent thought among Africans the lack of parental care of the y ^ H O is this man Harold exposed as old-fashioned imperial states the handout “lying out in and are determined to keep Afri no-man’s land reading a pocket edi children and whatever results MacMillan, leader of the ists, ready to use old-fashioned vio cans in subjection. therefrom by way of illness, death lence in order to get their wav. The tion of Aeschylus in the original”. “Our point of view will express or permanent disability. British Conservative Party, and British people were alarmed, and ENTERED POLITICS our solution to the unhappy situa Prime Minister of Britain, who Tory stocks sank to their lowest After working in his father’s pub tion in this country.” Greetings. is now rounding off his trans- since 1945. lishing firm for a few years. Mac millan entered politics and was Africa trip with a visit to the The captains and the kings of finance were worried, and cast their elected M.P. in 1924 for the north Union to shake the hand of our eyes round for a successor to the of England shipbuilding centre of Prime Minister Verwoerd? ill-fated Anthony Eden. The man Stockton-on-Tees. SUPERMAC IS WELL SUPERMAC, the Tories caU In those days Macmillan allied they chose was Harold Macmillan, himself with the so-called rebel him. then Foreign Minister. Tories' of the time who realised that CONNECTED And well have they the right to Macmillan had all the attributes the Conservative Party would have they sought. For a start, he was "Y^OU can hardly turn round of these interesting facts from be pleased with his streamlined to put on a new front if they were at top levels of the Tory an article published in the King-Size, you’ve-never-had-'it-so- the right sort. A millionaire (see to continue to govern Britain and Party without knocking over Sunday Express (May 17, good leadership in the past three box) who could always be relied the Empire. one of Macmillan’s relatives! 1959): years. For Macmillan, though in upon to do his best to advance the Always closely associated with There’s his son. Maurice The family trust—the Mac interests of British capital, he was Churchill, ne joined in the attacks appearance and manner something in addition a most presentable fel Macmillan, M.P. for Halifax; millan Trust—owns the pub of an Edwardian fop with his on the appeasement of Nazi Ger his son-in-law Julian Amery, lishing house of Macmillan, lah, having been through Eton and many, and renounced the Govern drooping eyebrows, bushy mous the Guards, and a patron of the Under-Secretary for the Colo holding all but 505 of the tache, and hair thickly swept back ment Whip when sanctions against nies; his daughter-in-law’s 370,0(X) £1 Ordinary shares. Turf, Beefsteak Pratt’s and the Carl Fascist Italy were abandoned. brother David Ormsby-Gore, The Trust sold controlling over his ears, has managed to give ton Clubs, His political reward came in 1940 the Tory party the newest of new the Minister of State; his interest in Macmillan Co., of The official hand-out issued by when Churchill appointed him to cousin by marriage. Sir Regi New York to an American looks, and to lead them to a the United Kingdom Information the new Tory Government, and in triumphant electoral victory. nald Manningham-Buller, the syndicate in 1951 — for Office reveals that compared to peo 1942 he went to a new post, that of Attorney-General. £1.250,000. Ever since the great Labour Party ple like Khruschov, de Gaulle, Minister Resident at Allied Head Then there’s brother-in-law The Monotype Corporation success at the polls towards the Adenauer, Nehru and Nkrumah, quarters in North West Africa. It Christopher Holland-Martin, —which increased its capital end of the Second World War, the Macmillan’s rise to the premier was at this time that he made two .M.P. for Ludlow, who’s joint from around £200,(KX) in Tories have been trying to make ship was marked by few great ups acquaintances that were to stand treasurer of the Tory Party, 1920 to £2 million in 1954 -- themselves appear as a group of and downs. The three most event him in good stead in later years, and his nephew’s brother-in- once had Macmillan on the earnest men seeking to help all the ful happenings in his life were: namely with General de Gaulle and law, James Stuart, former board of directors. His son British people reap the benefits of a # His birth into a mililonaire General Eisenhower. Chief Tory Whip and now Maurice is still on the board. new people’s capitalism. They were publisher’s family (though in the SAVING EUROPE chairman of the Scottish Tory Says the Spnday Express succeeding pretty well in persuad background for purposes of mass Towards the end of the war he Party. writer; “Who can doubt that ing the bulk of the British elec appeal was a poor but honest Scot was Churchill's special appointee And, again, there are those —however we may apportion tish grandfather); for “saving” the European countries wealthy and powerful relatives his share—Harold Macmillan torate that they were a far cry from on the Mediterranean from Com the old-fashioned Tories who had # His marriage to Lady Dorothy of Lady Macmillan, such as is effectively a millionaire?” Cavendish, daughter of the Duke of munism, and, states the hand-out, the Marquess of Salisbury and Son-in-law, Julian Amery, watched unconcernedly over the Devonshire, who after the First “organised co-operation with Italy Hungry Thirties and allowed Hit tbe Duke of Devonshire. Yet was, until 1957, a director of World War was Governor-General after the Italian armistice, and another relative is Lord Bal- the British South Africa Co., ler to go from strength to strength, of Canada and to whom Macmillan helped to negotiate the settlement niel. Parliamentary Private whose total profits from 1956 when along came the disaster of had been appointed as Aide-de- of the civil war in Greece”. Secretary to the Minister of to 1958 amounted to around Suez, and their true nature burst Camp. It is said of the Cavendish The latter statement is, of course, Housing. £33 million. Mr. Holland-Mar through. family that none are of noblea- a classic of whitewashing. What IN THE MONEY tin, M.P., is a director of the EXPOSED stock; Macmillan did in fact was to direct Of course, political power is same company, as is also the After the ignominious failure of # Being wounded as a Guards the massacre of Greek democracy not the only thing. Take some Marquess of Salisbury. the Anglo-French attack on Egypt officer three times in the First in 1944, when Churchill ordered over Suez in 1956, the Tories stood World War, “on one occasion”. (Continued on page 7)

Collection Number: AG2887 Collection Name: Publications, New Age, 1954-1962

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