DOCSLIB.ORG

Driving Change: Technology and the Future of The

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Driving Change: Technology and the Future of The JANUARY 2018 SBK>QB SK>Q CANADA DRIVING CHANGE Technology and the future of the automated vehicle Report of the The Honourable David Tkachuk, Chair Standing Senate Committee The Honourable Dennis Dawson, Deputy Chair on Transport and Communications The Honourable Patricia Bovey, Deputy Chair For more information please contact us: by email: [email protected] by mail: The Standing Senate Committee on Transport and Communications Senate, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, K1A 0A4 This report can be downloaded at: sencanada.ca/trcm The Senate is on Twitter: @SenateCA, follow the Committee using the hashtag #TRCM SBK>QB SK>Q CANADA Ce rapport est également disponible en français TABLE OF CONTENTS PREFACE ..........................................................................................................................................................................3 THE COMMITTEE MEMBERSHIP .............................................................................................................................5 ORDER OF REFERENCE ...............................................................................................................................................7 REPORT HIGHLIGHTS ..................................................................................................................................................9 LIST OF RECOMMENDATIONS ................................................................................................................................13 GLOSSARY .....................................................................................................................................................................15 INTRODUCTION ...........................................................................................................................................................17 PART 1: BACKGROUND .............................................................................................................................................19 What Are Automated Vehicles? .........................................................................................................................21 What Are Connected Vehicles? ..........................................................................................................................23 Automated and Connected Vehicle Applications in the Trucking and Natural Resource Sectors .......25 Deployment of Automated and Connected Vehicle Technologies .............................................................27 Potential Advantages of Automated and Connected Vehicles ...................................................................29 Safety Benefits ............................................................................................................................................29 Environmental Benefits ..............................................................................................................................31 Human and Social Benefits .......................................................................................................................31 Economic Benefits ......................................................................................................................................32 Potential Challenges of Automated and Connected Vehicles ......................................................................34 Job Loss .......................................................................................................................................................34 Privacy ...........................................................................................................................................................36 Cybersecurity ...............................................................................................................................................37 Urban Sprawl ...............................................................................................................................................38 Infrastructure ...............................................................................................................................................38 Existing Initiatives in Canada .............................................................................................................................39 Federal Government ...................................................................................................................................39 Provincial and Territorial Governments ..................................................................................................41 Existing Initiatives in Other Jurisdictions ..........................................................................................................43 United States ...............................................................................................................................................43 United Kingdom ...........................................................................................................................................44 Other Jurisdictions .....................................................................................................................................44 PART 2: PLANNING FOR THE ARRIVAL OF AUTOMATED AND CONNECTED VEHICLE TECHNOLOGIES ...........................................................................................................................................................45 Federal Leadership ................................................................................................................................................47 Vehicle Safety .........................................................................................................................................................49 Spectrum Allocation .............................................................................................................................................51 Cybersecurity..........................................................................................................................................................52 Privacy .....................................................................................................................................................................54 Privacy by Design .........................................................................................................................................55 Informed Consent ........................................................................................................................................55 Enforcement .................................................................................................................................................56 Industry Guidance and Regulation ...........................................................................................................57 Data Access and Competition ............................................................................................................................59 Research and Development ................................................................................................................................61 Infrastructure and Public Transit ........................................................................................................................63 Insurance.................................................................................................................................................................65 Employment and Education ................................................................................................................................66 CONCLUSION ................................................................................................................................................................69 APPENDIX A: WITNESSES ........................................................................................................................................70 PREFACE “[W]e are approaching the end of the automotive era. […] the end of the line for the automobile because travel will be in standardized modules. The end state will be the fully autonomous module with no capability for the driver to exercise command.” – Bob Lutz (former Vice Chairman of General Motors), “Kiss the good times goodbye,” Automotive News, November 2017. At the request of the Minister of Transport, These technologies will come with substantial the Standing Senate Committee on Transport benefits, not the least of which is safety. With and Communications undertook this study, human error now causing the vast majority (about “Driving Change: Technology and the Future 94%) of traffic collisions, there is no doubt that of the Automated Vehicle”, on the regulatory automated and connected vehicles will save lives. and technical issues related to the deployment of automated (i.e. driverless) and connected However, these technologies also raise a number vehicles. The Committee heard from over of concerns in terms of job losses, privacy, 78 witnesses from across Canada and the cybersecurity, urban sprawl and infrastructure. United States, received a number of written In particular, these vehicles collect a vast amount submissions from various sectors involved, and of data and could be the target of hackers who participated in many impressive demonstrations want to use the vehicles for nefarious purposes. of this quickly developing
Load more

Recommended publications
  • House & Senate
    HOUSE & SENATE COMMITTEES / 63 HOUSE &SENATE COMMITTEES ACCESS TO INFORMATION, PRIVACY AND Meili Faille, Vice-Chair (BQ)......................47 A complete list of all House Standing Andrew Telegdi, Vice-Chair (L)..................44 and Sub-Committees, Standing Joint ETHICS / L’ACCÈS À L’INFORMATION, DE LA PROTECTION DES RENSEIGNEMENTS Omar Alghabra, Member (L).......................38 Committees, and Senate Standing Dave Batters, Member (CON) .....................36 PERSONNELS ET DE L’ÉTHIQUE Committees. Includes the committee Barry Devolin, Member (CON)...................40 clerks, chairs, vice-chairs, and ordinary Richard Rumas, Committee Clerk Raymond Gravel, Member (BQ) .................48 committee members. Phone: 613-992-1240 FAX: 613-995-2106 Nina Grewal, Member (CON) .....................32 House of Commons Committees Tom Wappel, Chair (L)................................45 Jim Karygiannis, Member (L)......................41 Directorate Patrick Martin, Vice-Chair (NDP)...............37 Ed Komarnicki, Member (CON) .................36 Phone: 613-992-3150 David Tilson, Vice-Chair (CON).................44 Bill Siksay, Member (NDP).........................33 Sukh Dhaliwal, Member (L)........................32 FAX: 613-996-1962 Blair Wilson, Member (IND).......................33 Carole Lavallée, Member (BQ) ...................48 Senate Committees and Private Glen Pearson, Member (L) ..........................43 ENVIRONMENT AND SUSTAINABLE Legislation Branch Scott Reid, Member (CON) .........................43 DEVELOPMENT / ENVIRONNEMENT
    [Show full text]
  • Pipelines for Oil: Protecting Our Economy, Respecting Our Environment
    SBK>QB SK>Q CANADA PIPELINES FOR OIL: PROTECTING OUR ECONOMY, RESPECTING OUR ENVIRONMENT Interim Report of the Standing Senate Committee on Transport and Communications The Honourable Dennis Dawson, Chair The Honourable Michael L. MacDonald, Deputy Chair December 2016 For more information, please contact us: by email: [email protected] by phone toll-free: 1 800 267-7362 by mail: The Standing Senate Committee on Transport and Communications, Senate, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, K1A 0A4 This report can be downloaded at: www.senate-senat.ca/trcm.asp The Senate of Canada is on Twitter: @SenateCA, follow the committee using the hashtag #TRCM Ce rapport est également offert en français. TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS .................................................................................................................................... I MEMBERS .................................................................................................................................................... II ORDER OF REFERENCE ................................................................................................................................ III PREFACE....................................................................................................................................................... V REPORT HIGHLIGHTS ................................................................................................................................... 1 RECOMMENDATIONS .................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Perspectives on the Situation in Venezuela
    Ce rapport est aussi disponible en français. www.senate-senat.ca/AEFA.asp. Information regarding the committee can be obtained through its web site: www.senate-senat.ca/AEFA.asp. MEMBERS The Honourable Raynell Andreychuk, Chair The Honourable Percy E. Downe, Deputy Chair and The Honourable Salma Ataullahjan The Honourable Jane Cordy The Honourable Dennis Dawson The Honourable Leo Housakos The Honourable Janis G. Johnson The Honourable Thanh Hai Ngo The Honourable Victor Oh The Honourable Rose-May Poirier The Honourable Michel Rivard Ex-officio members of the Committee: The Honourable Senator Peter Harder, P.C., (or Diane Bellemare) The Honourable Senator Claude Carignan, P.C., (or Yonah Martin) Other Senators who have participated in the study: The Honourable Senators Lynn Beyak and David P. Smith, P.C. (Retired) Parliamentary Information and Research Service, Library of Parliament: Natalie Mychajlyszyn and Pascal Tremblay, Analysts Clerk of the Committee: Danielle Labonté ORDER OF REFERENCE Extract from the Journals of the Senate, Wednesday, January 27, 2016: The Honourable Senator Andreychuk moved, seconded by the Honourable Senator Tkachuk: That the Standing Senate Committee on Foreign Affairs and International Trade, in accordance with rule 12-7(4), be authorized to examine such issues as may arise from time to time relating to foreign relations and international trade generally; and That the committee report to the Senate no later than June 30, 2017. After debate, The question being put on the motion, it was adopted. Clerk of the Senate Charles Robert The Standing Senate Committee on Foreign Affairs and International Trade (the “Committee”) heard testimony on 11 May 2016 from several members of the National Assembly of the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela about the political situation and growing economic crisis in that country.
    [Show full text]
  • Statement Senator Renée Dupuis Calls on the Canadian Government to Establish Pilot Projects for a Universal
    The Right Honourable Justin Trudeau, P.C., M.P. Le très honorable Justin Trudeau, C.P., député The following Senators endorse this initiative Les sénateurs suivants supportent cette initiative 1. L'honorable Diane Bellemare 37. L'honorable Marie-Françoise Mégie 2. The Honourable Lynn Beyak 38. The Honourable Grant Mitchell 3. The Honourable Gwen Boniface 39. L'honorable Lucie Moncion 4. The Honourable Larry W. Campbell 40. The Honourable Jim Munson 5. L'honorable Claude Carignan 41. The Honourable Victor Oh 6. The Honourable Dan Christmas 42. The Honourable Ratna Omidvar 7. The Honourable Anne C. Cools 43. The Honourable Kim Pate 8. L'honorable René Cormier 44. The Honourable Dennis Glen Patterson 9. L'honorable Jean-Guy Dagenais 45. The Honourable Donald Neil Plett 10. L'honorable Dennis Dawson 46. Monsieur le Sénateur André Pratte 11. The Honourable Joseph A. Day 47. L'honorable Pierrette Ringuette 12. The Honourable Tony Dean 48. L'honorable Raymonde Saint-Germain 13. The Honourable Percy E. Downe 49. The Honourable Murray Sinclair 14. The Honourable Norman E. Doyle 50. The Honourable Scott Tannas 15. The Honourable Michael Duffy 51. L'honorable Claudette Tardif 16. L'honorable Renée Dupuis 52. The Honourable Pamela Wallin 17. The Honourable Nicole Eaton 53. The Honourable David M. Wells 18. The Honourable Art Eggleton 54. The Honourable Howard Wetston 19. L'honorable Éric Forest 55. The Honourable Yuen Pau Woo 20. The Honourable Joan Fraser 21. The Honourable Linda Frum 22. L'honorable Raymonde Gagné 23. The Honourable Rosa Galvez 24. The Honourable Marc Gold 25. The Honourable Diane F.
    [Show full text]
  • Suggested Messages for Senators Regarding Bill C-262
    Suggested Messages for Senators Regarding Bill C-262 Friends! Bill C-262 is an act asking “... the Government of Canada to take all measures necessary to ensure that the laws of Canada are in harmony with the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples.” Read the complete text of Bill C-262 Because of the amazing grassroots advocacy of at https://goo.gl/mWTFLh Indigenous peoples, churches and social justice organizations, Bill C-262 has passed 3rd reading in the For more info about the House of Commons and is now up for debate in the UN Declaration and C-262 see Senate. www.declarationcoalition.com Below are some suggested messages for handwritten postcards urging Senators to support Bill C-262. Pick one that resonates, or feel free to craft your own. Use language that is positive and respectful, as it will garner more ears to hear. Bill C-262 can change Canada’s future and move us toward respectful relations with Indigenous nations. I urge you to support Bill C-262, “An Act to ensure that the laws of Canada are in harmony with the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples.” The Truth and Reconciliation Commission has stated that the adoption of the Declaration is foundational to any genuine reconciliation in Canada. Bill C-262 can make that happen. Please support this “Act to ensure that the laws of Canada are in harmony with the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples.” I pray for the federal government, as I pray for myself: that we would have the courage to seek justice and do the hard work required to repair the damage of colonialism.
    [Show full text]
  • The Subject Matter of Bill C-45
    MAY 2018 THE SUBJECT MATTER OF BILL C-45: AN ACT RESPECTING CANNABIS AND TO AMEND THE CONTROLLED DRUGS AND SUBSTANCES ACT, THE CRIMINAL CODE AND OTHER ACTS, INSOFAR AS IT RELATES TO CANADA’S INTERNATIONAL OBLIGATIONS Report of the Standing Senate Committee on Foreign Affairs and International Trade The Honourable Senator A. Raynell Andreychuk, Chair The Honourable Senator Anne C. Cools, Deputy Chair For more information please contact us: by email: [email protected] by mail: The Standing Senate Committee on Foreign Affairs and International Trade Senate, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, K1A 0A4 This report can be downloaded at: www.senate-senat.ca/ The Senate is on Twitter: @SenateCA, follow the committee using the hashtag #AEFA Ce rapport est également offert en français. 3 TABLE OF CONTENTS THE COMMITTEE MEMBERSHIP ................................................................................. 4 ORDER OF REFERENCE ............................................................................................ 5 SCOPE OF THE COMMITTEE’S EXAMINATION .............................................................. 7 CANADA’S INTERNATIONAL OBLIGATIONS ................................................................. 8 A. International Drug Control Conventions ............................................................... 8 Description ..................................................................................................... 8 Witness Testimony about Compliance ................................................................. 9 Witness
    [Show full text]
  • Debates of the Senate
    Debates of the Senate 1st SESSION . 42nd PARLIAMENT . VOLUME 150 . NUMBER 25 OFFICIAL REPORT (HANSARD) Tuesday, April 12, 2016 The Honourable GEORGE J. FUREY Speaker This issue contains the latest listing of Senators, Officers of the Senate and the Ministry. CONTENTS (Daily index of proceedings appears at back of this issue). Debates Services: D'Arcy McPherson, National Press Building, Room 906, Tel. 613-995-5756 Publications Centre: Kim Laughren, National Press Building, Room 926, Tel. 613-947-0609 Published by the Senate Available on the Internet: http://www.parl.gc.ca 426 THE SENATE Tuesday, April 12, 2016 The Senate met at 2 p.m., the Speaker in the chair. Hon. Chantal Petitclerc, of Montréal, Quebec, introduced between Hon. Peter Harder, P.C., and Hon. Claudette Tardif; Prayers. Hon. André Pratte, of Saint-Lambert, Quebec, introduced between Hon. Peter Harder, P.C., and Hon. Elaine McCoy; and BUSINESS OF THE SENATE Hon. Murray Sinclair, of Winnipeg, Manitoba, introduced between Hon. Peter Harder, P.C., and Hon. Charlie Watt. The Hon. the Speaker: Honourable senators, agreement has been reached to allow a photographer in the Senate Chamber to The Hon. the Speaker informed the Senate that each of the photograph the introduction of our new senators today. Is it honourable senators named above had made and subscribed the agreed, honourable senators? declaration of qualification required by the Constitution Act, 1867, in the presence of the Clerk of the Senate, the Commissioner Hon. Senators: Agreed. appointed to receive and witness the said declaration. (1440) NEW SENATORS DISTINGUISHED VISITORS IN THE GALLERY The Hon.
    [Show full text]
  • Appendix—Senators List
    THE SPEAKER The Honourable George J. Furey THE GOVERNMENT REPRESENTATIVE IN THE SENATE The Honourable Marc Gold THE LEADER OF THE OPPOSITION The Honourable Donald Neil Plett FACILITATOR OF THE INDEPENDENT SENATORS GROUP The Honourable Yuen Pau Woo THE LEADER OF THE CANADIAN SENATORS GROUP The Honourable Scott Tannas THE LEADER OF THE PROGRESSIVE SENATE GROUP The Honourable Jane Cordy ÐÐÐÐÐ OFFICERS OF THE SENATE INTERIM CLERK OF THE SENATE AND CLERK OF THE PARLIAMENTS Gérald Lafrenière LAW CLERK AND PARLIAMENTARY COUNSEL Philippe Hallée USHER OF THE BLACK ROD J. Greg Peters THE MINISTRY (In order of precedence) ÐÐÐÐÐ (May 1, 2021) ÐÐÐÐÐ The Right Hon. Justin P. J. Trudeau Prime Minister The Hon. Chrystia Freeland Minister of Finance Deputy Prime Minister The Hon. Lawrence MacAulay Minister of Veterans Affairs Associate Minister of National Defence The Hon. Carolyn Bennett Minister of Crown-Indigenous Relations The Hon. Dominic LeBlanc Minister of Intergovernmental Affairs President of the Queen's Privy Council for Canada The Hon. Jean-Yves Duclos President of the Treasury Board The Hon. Marc Garneau Minister of Foreign Affairs The Hon. Marie-Claude Bibeau Minister of Agriculture and Agri-Food The Hon. Jim Carr Special Representative for the Prairies The Hon. Mélanie Joly Minister of Economic Development Minister of Official Languages The Hon. Diane Lebouthillier Minister of National Revenue The Hon. Catherine McKenna Minister of Infrastructure and Communities The Hon. Harjit S. Sajjan Minister of National Defence The Hon. Maryam Monsef Minister of Rural Economic Development Minister for Women and Gender Equality The Hon. Carla Qualtrough Minister of Employment, Workforce Development and Disability Inclusion The Hon.
    [Show full text]
  • Parliamentary Strategy Guide
    Parliamentary Strategy Guide 42nd Parliament of Canada Members of Parliament and Senators Functions relevant to international cooperation This guide was prepared for the Parliament Strategy Workshop November 22, 2016 Ottawa (Updated March 2018) Prepared by CCIC’s Regional Working Groups Americas Policy Group Africa-Canada Forum Asia-Pacific Working Group 42nd Parliament of Canada Members of Parliament and Senators Functions relevant to international cooperation Table of content 1. House of Commons…………………………………………………...…………… page 6 Prime Minister The Right Honourable Justin Trudeau 1.1 Members of the Ministry (Cabinet)…………………………......……….…………………………………… page 6 The Honourable Chrystia Freeland – Minister of Foreign Affairs The Honourable François-Philippe Champagne – Minister of International Trade The Honourable Marie-Claude Bibeau – Minister of International Development and La Francophonie The Honourable Catherine McKenna – Minister of Environment and Climate Change The Honourable Harjit Sajjan – Minister of National Defence 1.2 Parliamentary Secretaries………………………………….....…………………………………………………… page 8 Matt DeCourcey – PS to the Minister of Foreign Affairs Pamela Goldsmith-Jones – PS to the Minister of International Trade Celina Caesar-Chavannes – PS to the Minister of International Development and La Francophonie Jonathan Wilkinson – PS to the Minister of Environment and Climage Change Jean R. Rioux – PS to the Minister of National Defence 1.3 Official Opposition (Shadow Cabinet)………………………………………………......…………………… page 10 The Honourable Erin
    [Show full text]
  • Eministry-43-2-Feb 2021 1..11
    THE SPEAKER The Honourable George J. Furey THE GOVERNMENT REPRESENTATIVE IN THE SENATE The Honourable Marc Gold THE LEADER OF THE OPPOSITION The Honourable Donald Neil Plett FACILITATOR OF THE INDEPENDENT SENATORS GROUP The Honourable Yuen Pau Woo THE LEADER OF THE CANADIAN SENATORS GROUP The Honourable Scott Tannas THE LEADER OF THE PROGRESSIVE SENATE GROUP The Honourable Jane Cordy ÐÐÐÐÐ OFFICERS OF THE SENATE INTERIM CLERK OF THE SENATE AND CLERK OF THE PARLIAMENTS Gérald Lafrenière LAW CLERK AND PARLIAMENTARY COUNSEL Philippe Hallée USHER OF THE BLACK ROD J. Greg Peters THE MINISTRY (In order of precedence) ÐÐÐÐÐ (February 1, 2021) ÐÐÐÐÐ The Right Hon. Justin P. J. Trudeau Prime Minister The Hon. Chrystia Freeland Minister of Finance Deputy Prime Minister The Hon. Lawrence MacAulay Minister of Veterans Affairs Associate Minister of National Defence The Hon. Carolyn Bennett Minister of Crown-Indigenous Relations The Hon. Dominic LeBlanc Minister of Intergovernmental Affairs President of the Queen's Privy Council for Canada The Hon. Jean-Yves Duclos President of the Treasury Board The Hon. Marc Garneau Minister of Foreign Affairs The Hon. Marie-Claude Bibeau Minister of Agriculture and Agri-Food The Hon. Jim Carr Special Representative for the Prairies The Hon. Mélanie Joly Minister of Economic Development Minister of Official Languages The Hon. Diane Lebouthillier Minister of National Revenue The Hon. Catherine McKenna Minister of Infrastructure and Communities The Hon. Harjit S. Sajjan Minister of National Defence The Hon. Maryam Monsef Minister of Rural Economic Development Minister for Women and Gender Equality The Hon. Carla Qualtrough Minister of Employment, Workforce Development and Disability Inclusion The Hon.
    [Show full text]
  • Appendix—Senators List
    THE SPEAKER The Honourable George J. Furey THE GOVERNMENT REPRESENTATIVE IN THE SENATE The Honourable Marc Gold THE LEADER OF THE OPPOSITION The Honourable Donald Neil Plett FACILITATOR OF THE INDEPENDENT SENATORS GROUP The Honourable Yuen Pau Woo THE LEADER OF THE CANADIAN SENATORS GROUP The Honourable Scott Tannas THE LEADER OF THE PROGRESSIVE SENATE GROUP The Honourable Jane Cordy ÐÐÐÐÐ OFFICERS OF THE SENATE INTERIM CLERK OF THE SENATE AND CLERK OF THE PARLIAMENTS Gérald Lafrenière LAW CLERK AND PARLIAMENTARY COUNSEL Philippe Hallée USHER OF THE BLACK ROD J. Greg Peters THE MINISTRY (In order of precedence) ÐÐÐÐÐ (April 1, 2021) ÐÐÐÐÐ The Right Hon. Justin P. J. Trudeau Prime Minister The Hon. Chrystia Freeland Minister of Finance Deputy Prime Minister The Hon. Lawrence MacAulay Minister of Veterans Affairs Associate Minister of National Defence The Hon. Carolyn Bennett Minister of Crown-Indigenous Relations The Hon. Dominic LeBlanc Minister of Intergovernmental Affairs President of the Queen's Privy Council for Canada The Hon. Jean-Yves Duclos President of the Treasury Board The Hon. Marc Garneau Minister of Foreign Affairs The Hon. Marie-Claude Bibeau Minister of Agriculture and Agri-Food The Hon. Jim Carr Special Representative for the Prairies The Hon. Mélanie Joly Minister of Economic Development Minister of Official Languages The Hon. Diane Lebouthillier Minister of National Revenue The Hon. Catherine McKenna Minister of Infrastructure and Communities The Hon. Harjit S. Sajjan Minister of National Defence The Hon. Maryam Monsef Minister of Rural Economic Development Minister for Women and Gender Equality The Hon. Carla Qualtrough Minister of Employment, Workforce Development and Disability Inclusion The Hon.
    [Show full text]
  • Parliamentary Associations' Activities and Expenditures
    PARLIAMENTARY ASSOCIATIONS’ ACTIVITIES AND EXPENDITURES FROM APRIL 1, 2018 TO MARCH 31, 2019 JOINT INTERPARLIAMENTARY COUNCIL REPORT Co-Chairs Hon. Donald Neil Plett, Senator 42nd Parliament, First Session Bruce Stanton, M.P. June 2019 June 2019 JOINT INTERPARLIAMENTARY COUNCIL CO-CHAIRS Hon. Donald Neil Plett, Senator Bruce Stanton, M.P. MEMBERS Hon. Dennis Dawson, Senator Hon. Wayne Easter, P.C., M.P. Hon. Marc Gold, Senator Hon. Mark Holland P.C., M.P. Jenny Kwan, M.P. Scott Simms, M.P. John Brassard, M.P. Linda Lapointe, M.P. CLERK OF THE COUNCIL Colette Labrecque-Riel June 2019 Table of Contents Section I: Introduction ...................................................................................................................................1 Parliamentary Associations and Interparliamentary Groups ................................................................................ 2 Joint Interparliamentary Council ........................................................................................................................... 4 Supporting Parliamentary Associations ................................................................................................................. 4 Section II: 2018-2019 Activities and Expenditures – Overview ......................................................................... 5 Section III: Activities and Expenditures by Parliamentary Association ............................................................ 12 Canada-Africa Parliamentary Association (CAAF)...............................................................................................
    [Show full text]