Human Resources' Capacity to Drive Organizational Change in Ghana
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Walden University ScholarWorks Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies Collection 2020 Human Resources' Capacity to Drive Organizational Change in Ghana Harriet Bani Walden University Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations Part of the Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies Collection at ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Walden University College of Social and Behavioral Sciences This is to certify that the doctoral dissertation by Harriet Bani has been found to be complete and satisfactory in all respects, and that any and all revisions required by the review committee have been made. Review Committee Dr. Mark Starik, Committee Chairperson, Public Policy and Administration Faculty Dr. Frances Goldman, Committee Member, Public Policy and Administration Faculty Dr. Anne Hacker, University Reviewer, Public Policy and Administration Faculty Chief Academic Officer and Provost Sue Subocz, Ph.D. Walden University 2020 Abstract Human Resources’ Capacity to Drive Organizational Change in Ghana by Harriet Bani MPA, Ghana Institute of Management and Public Administration, 2013 BA, University of Ghana, 2000 Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Public Policy and Administration Walden University September 2020 Abstract Human Resource Management Departments (HRMDs) drive organizational change by implementing effective and efficient policies. This study explored staff perceptions in Ghana’s Nursing and Midwifery Council (N&MC), a public-service institution, regarding the extent to which their HRMD could stimulate change by implementing the Human Resource Management Policy Framework and Manual (HRMPF&M). May and Finch’s theory of normalization propelled this qualitative case study, which consisted of interviewing 23 purposively selected participants and examining secondary data from the N&MC, the Public Services Commission, HRMPF&M, other relevant legal documents, as well as relevant literature on the subject. The data analysis generated themes which were analyzed via inductive data analysis. The themes centered around effectively implementing the HRMPF&M to foster organizational change and the challenges surrounding the process. The findings revealed that participants believe the HRMPF&M improves human resources management and reduces staff litigation. This outcome aligns with the theory of normalization, which enhances the N&MCs incremental development of human resource tools. Implications for social change concern policy guidelines that the N&MC must develop to guide the council’s decision-making. The HRMPF&M when revised may advance the continuous improvement of public-service delivery. In addition, the HRMPF&M can guide subregional organizations to develop similar manuals for their countries. Human Resources’ Capacity to Drive Organizational Change in Ghana by Harriet Bani MPA, Ghana Institute of Management and Public Administration, 2013 BA, University of Ghana, 2000 Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Public Policy and Administration Walden University September 2020 Dedication This dissertation is dedicated to God Almighty; my strong pillar, my source of inspiration, wisdom, and knowledge. He has been the source of my strength throughout this academic journey and on His wings only have I soared. I also dedicate this work to my husband, Richard Jinks Bani, for his motivational words, for believing in me, and for giving me the opportunity to explore my full potential. Thank you for inspiring me to believe in myself. To my children and my mother, I say thank you for your prayers and support in diverse ways. I cannot quantify my love for you all. God bless you. Acknowledgments I am very grateful to my committee chair, Dr. Mark Starik. His astute advice, insightful criticisms, and patient encouragement aided the writing of this dissertation in immeasurable ways. I would also like to thank Dr. Frances L. Goldman; you have been with me throughout this whole dissertation project, your steadfast support and contributions are appreciated. To Dr. Anne Hacker, I say I am grateful for your insights and useful suggestions. And how can I forget my former chair, Dr. Anthony Leisner? I began this journey with you and for your support and encouragement I salute you. To my cherished committee, once again, thank you for your kindness and for sharing your time so generously. I would also like to thank my family and friends for their love, support, prayers and encouragement throughout this dissertation journey. To the Nursing and Midwifery Council of Ghana, I am grateful for your opened arms that made it possible for me to get enough information for my study. Ghana Educational Trust Fund, I could not have pursued this program without your sponsorship; to you I am grateful. To my editors at Editide, your contribution to the quality of my work is valued. I say God bless every institution and individual that made this study a success. Table of Contents LIST OF TABLES ........................................................................................................ V LIST OF FIGURES .................................................................................................... VI CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY .....................................................1 Background of the Study ......................................................................................1 Statement of the Problem ......................................................................................7 Nature of Study and Research Question .............................................................10 Purpose of the Study ...........................................................................................11 Theoretical Framework .......................................................................................12 Operational Definitions.......................................................................................13 Assumptions........................................................................................................13 Scope and Limitation ..........................................................................................14 Significance of the Study ....................................................................................15 Implication for Social Change ............................................................................15 Summary .............................................................................................................17 CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW .....................................................................19 Literature-Search Strategy ..................................................................................20 Policy Framework ...............................................................................................21 Human-Resource Management ............................................................22 Strategic Human-Resource Management ............................................31 Policy Statements ................................................................................................37 Policy on Training and Development ..................................................37 i The Relevance of Implementing the Human Resource Management Policy Framework and Manual for the Public Service ........................41 The Public Services Commission’s Role in the Relevance of the Policy ...................................................................................................55 Standards of Effective HRM ................................................................57 The History and Culture of HRM in Ghana.........................................58 Theoretical Framework .......................................................................................62 Normalization Process Theory .............................................................62 Choice of NPT .....................................................................................64 Empirical Review ...............................................................................................67 Summary .............................................................................................................71 CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHOD .......................................................................74 Research Questions and Design ..........................................................................75 Research Questions ..............................................................................75 Research Design and Approach ...........................................................75 Role of the Researcher ........................................................................................78 Gaining Access to Participants ...........................................................................81 Participant Selection ...........................................................................................82 Sample Size.........................................................................................................83 Sampling Technique