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A Collaborative Report Presenting Recommended Air Quality Strategies for Further Consideration by the State of New Jersey

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A Collaborative Report Presenting Recommended Air Quality Strategies for Further Consideration by the State of New Jersey A Collaborative Report Presenting Recommended Air Quality Strategies for Further Consideration by the State of New Jersey Prepared By The Homes and Restaurants Workgroup October 31, 2005 The Homes and Restaurants Workgroup Report October 31, 2005 Table of Contents Page Tables..……………………………………………………………………………………. iv Figures…………………………………………………………………………………….. iv Acronyms and Abbreviations…………………………………………………………… v Executive Summary……………………………………………………………………… vi I. Introduction……………………………………………………………………………... 1 II. Purpose and Goals…………………………………………………………………… 7 III. Structure of the Workgroup…………………………………………………………. 8 IV. Summary of Meetings/Conference Calls/Data Reviewed……………………….. 8 V. Initial Workgroup Control Measure Considerations……………………………….. 9 A. How the Workgroup Focused its Analysis of Control Measures………… 9 B. Control Measure Evaluation Process………………………………………. 9 C. Control Measures Evaluated based on Section V, B……………………... 10 VI. Detailed Review of Promising Control Measures………………………………… 10 VII. Summary of “Parking Lot” and Crossover Issues……………………………….. 25 VIII. References………………………………………………………………………….. 27 ii The Homes and Restaurants Workgroup Report October 31, 2005 Appendices 1. Summary of Workgroup Meetings a. Meeting Minutes from June 29, 2005 b. Meeting Minutes from July 13, 2005 c. Meeting Minutes from July 27, 2005 d. Meeting Minutes from August 17, 2005 e. Meeting Minutes from September 14, 2005 2. Data Reviewed by the Homes and Restaurants Workgroup (Handouts Provided to the Workgroup in Addition to Other References) a. Data and References from June 29, 2005 b. Data and References from July 13, 2005 c. Data and References from July 27, 2005 d. Data and References from August 17, 2005 e. Data and References from September 14, 2005 3. Tables of All Control Measure Suggestions from the Homes and Restaurants Workgroup • Table 1. Tracking Suggestions for Future Air Pollution Controls - Indoor Wood Burning (N) • Table 2. Tracking Suggestions for Future Air Pollution Controls - Outdoor Wood Burning (O) • Table 3. Tracking Suggestions for Future Air Pollution Controls - Indoor/Outdoor Wood Burning (B) • Table 4. Tracking Suggestions for Future Air Pollution Controls - Restaurants (R) • Table 5. Tracking Suggestions for Future Air Pollution Controls - Other (Z) 4. Suggestions Outside the Scope of the Homes and Restaurants Workgroup 5. Other Attachments 6. Members of the Homes and Restaurants Workgroup iii The Homes and Restaurants Workgroup Report October 31, 2005 Tables Page Table 1 Summary Table of the Promising Strategies Developed by the Homes and Restaurants Workgroup….………………………………... 10 Figures Page Figure 1 Applicable High-Emitting Source Categories in the Homes and Restaurants Workgroup – Comparing Area Sources for PM2.5 Emissions…………………………………………………………………. 2 Figure 2 Applicable High-Emitting Source Categories in the Homes and Restaurants Workgroup – Comparing Point, Area, and Mobile Sources for SO2 Emissions……………………………………………… 3 Figure 3 Figure 6 from MARAMA’s Report on Residential Wood Combustion in the Northeast US for Indoor Wood Burning Equipment for the Region in 2002……………………………………………………………. 4 Figure 4 Figure 4 from MARAMA’s Report on Residential Wood Combustion in the Northeast US for Indoor Wood Burning Equipment in Pennsylvania and New Jersey in 2002…………………………………………………………………….….. 5 Figure 5 Figure 10 from MARAMA’s Report on Residential Wood Combustion in the Northeast US for Outdoor Wood Burning Equipment in Pennsylvania and New Jersey in 2002……………………………………………………………………... 6 iv The Homes and Restaurants Workgroup Report October 31, 2005 Acronyms and Abbreviations ANJEC Association of New Jersey Environmental Commissions BAQP Bureau of Air Quality Planning DAQ Division of Air Quality Planning DCE Division of Compliance and Enforcement LP Liquid Propane MANE-VU Mid-Atlantic/ Northeast Visibility Union MARAMA Mid-Atlantic Regional Air Management Association NJBPU New Jersey Board of Public Utilities NJDCA New Jersey Department of Community Affairs NJDEP New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection NJDOA New Jersey Department of Agriculture NOx Nitrogen Oxides O3 Ozone OAQPS Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards PM10 Particulate Matter (matter less than 10 microns) PM2.5 Fine Particulate Matter (matter less than 2.5 microns) PSE&G Public Service Enterprise Group SCC Source Classification Code SIP State Implementation Plan SO2 Sulfur Dioxide tpy Tons per year VOC Volatile Organic Compounds v The Homes and Restaurants Workgroup Report October 31, 2005 Executive Summary There is no one air pollution control strategy that, if instituted alone, will improve the quality of the air in New Jersey to reach healthful levels in New Jersey. As a result of an air quality initiative by the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection (NJDEP), the Homes and Restaurants Workgroup was formed to address specific sources of air emissions that comprise of a significant portion of the emissions inventory and, as such, are thought to have a significant negative impact on the air quality in New Jersey. Representation in the workgroup included public citizens, environmental groups, industry, commercial businesses, members of the scientific community, and local, state, and federal government. After a series of deliberations throughout the summer months in 2005, the workgroup has developed a prioritized list of strategies for air emission sources in the homes and restaurants categories that will be reviewed by New Jersey for further consideration and possible implementation. The workgroup discussions could be thought of as “brainstorming” sessions whereby any ideas raised by the workgroup participants were considered. A comprehensive list of these ideas is included in Appendix 3. Table 1 (page 12) is a summary of the most promising strategies, which only includes the ideas that the workgroup decided should be further investigated. The workgroup believes these strategies to be the most promising based on analyses of a series of factors, including but not limited to environmental, technical, economical, and social impacts, enforceability, and implementation feasibility. General consensus was reached on most of the strategies. The varying views on the recommendations for further consideration are presented as pros and cons in the tables in Appendix 3. The workgroup was of general consensus that wood burning sources must be addressed. First, New Jersey should investigate adopting lower emission standards for wood burning stoves and fireplace inserts and then conduct a region-wide wood stove change-out program. Financial incentives for homeowners, as well as possible mandatory change-out of these units at time of home sale or mandatory use of natural gas in certain fireplaces, should be investigated. The State should continue to prompt the USEPA to develop standards for outdoor wood boilers and to reexamine the current standards for wood stoves and fireplace inserts. In particular, New Jersey should pursue legislation to require all outdoor wood burning to be conducted at a certain minimum distance from a property line and to provide local and county governments the authority to adequately respond to citizen complaints and enforce New Jersey’s Air Pollution Control Act for outdoor wood burning. Secondly, New Jersey should consider changes to its current open burning regulations (N.J.A.C. 7:27-2 et seq.) to further limit the types, quantities, and timing of what can be burned by permit in the State. It is also recommended that the State consider phasing-in the lowering of the sulfur content of all fuel oils sold in the State at some future date(s). This should be implemented regionally for the greatest benefit to air quality in New Jersey. vi The Homes and Restaurants Workgroup Report October 31, 2005 Current programs through the New Jersey Board of Public Utilities (NJBPU) address the issue of home energy efficiency, renewable energy, and energy conservation. While the current program is the one of the best, if not the best, in the nation, the workgroup thinks that the program can be expanded to include more communication, funding, or avenues of implementation to commercial or industrial applications. The Energy Star program could also be expanded to cover different types of appliances commonly used in New Jersey that do not have Energy Star ratings. New Jersey should consider investigating current regulations for certain types of restaurant operations such as those adopted by California. The types of processes covered by potential regulation or requiring scheduled and proper maintenance of existing equipment should be investigated before preparation of a regulatory proposal. Finally, overarching every recommendation in this report is the need to develop effective and far-reaching communications with the general public on the need to reduce air pollution from these sources. The workgroup believes that only through effective communications will the general public accept and modify their actions to produce less pollution from their home environments. Communication is the key tool for creating an atmosphere where the common citizen will readily accept the purpose of a wood stove change-out program, the incremental cost of buying lower sulfur fuel, and the initial capital expense of installing energy efficiency measures. The workgroup could not stress strongly enough the need for clear and effective communications on the benefits that the implementation of any or all of these strategies will have on New Jersey’s air quality.
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