Update on Streptococcus Suis Research and Prevention In
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Transcriptomic Analysis of Streptococcus Suis in Response to Ferrous Iron and Cobalt Toxicity
G C A T T A C G G C A T genes Article Transcriptomic Analysis of Streptococcus suis in Response to Ferrous Iron and Cobalt Toxicity Mengdie Jia 1,2, Man Wei 1,2, Yunzeng Zhang 1,2 and Chengkun Zheng 1,2,* 1 Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; [email protected] (M.J.); [email protected] (M.W.); [email protected] (Y.Z.) 2 Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +86-1520-527-9658 Received: 16 August 2020; Accepted: 1 September 2020; Published: 2 September 2020 Abstract: Streptococcus suis is a zoonotic pathogen causing serious infections in swine and humans. Although metals are essential for life, excess amounts of metals are toxic to bacteria. Transcriptome-level data of the mechanisms for resistance to metal toxicity in S. suis are available for no metals other than zinc. Herein, we explored the transcriptome-level changes in S. suis in response to ferrous iron and cobalt toxicity by RNA sequencing. Many genes were differentially expressed in the presence of excess ferrous iron and cobalt. Most genes in response to cobalt toxicity showed the same expression trends as those in response to ferrous iron toxicity. qRT-PCR analysis of the selected genes confirmed the accuracy of RNA sequencing results. Bioinformatic analysis of the differentially expressed genes indicated that ferrous iron and cobalt have similar effects on the cellular processes of S. suis. Ferrous iron treatment resulted in down-regulation of several oxidative stress tolerance-related genes and up-regulation of the genes in an amino acid ABC transporter operon. -
Antibody Responses in Furunculosis Patients Vaccinated with Autologous Formalin-Killed S
Antibody responses in furunculosis patients vaccinated with autologous formalin-killed S. Holtfreter, J. Jursa-Kulesza, H. Masiuk, N. J. Verkaik, C. Vogel, J. Kolata, M. Nowosiad, L. Steil, W. Wamel, A. Belkum, et al. To cite this version: S. Holtfreter, J. Jursa-Kulesza, H. Masiuk, N. J. Verkaik, C. Vogel, et al.. Antibody responses in furunculosis patients vaccinated with autologous formalin-killed. European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Springer Verlag, 2011, 30 (6), pp.707-717. 10.1007/s10096-010- 1136-3. hal-00690187 HAL Id: hal-00690187 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00690187 Submitted on 22 Apr 2012 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. 1 Antibody responses in furunculosis patients vaccinated with autologous 2 formalin-killed Staphylococcus aureus 3 4 Silva Holtfreter*1, 1,, Joanna Jursa-Kulesza2, Helena Masiuk2, Nelianne J. Verkaik3, Corne de Vogel3, Julia 5 Kolata1, Monika Nowosiad2, Leif Steil4, Willem van Wamel3, Alex van Belkum3, Uwe Völker4, Stefania 6 Giedrys-Kalemba2, Barbara M. Bröker1 7 8 1 Institute of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, University of Greifswald, Germany 9 2 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland 10 3 Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The 11 Netherlands 12 4 Interfaculty Institute of Genetics and Functional Genomics, University of Greifswald, Germany 13 14 Corresponding author: 15 Dr. -
Streptococcus Suis
Identification ofStreptococcus suis Meningitis by Direct Triplex Real-Time PCR, Burkina Faso Mahamoudou Ouattara, Mamadou Tamboura, Dinanibe Kambire, Mahamoudou Sanou, Kalifa Ouattara, Malika Congo, Adama Kaboré, Soufiane Sanou, Elie Kabré, Sable Sharpley, Theresa Tran, Stephanie Schwartz, Soumeya Ouangraoua, Abdoul-salam Ouedraogo, Lassana Sangaré, Rasmata Ouedraogo-Traore, Cynthia G. Whitney, Bernard Beall Meningitis confirmation in Burkina Faso uses PCR for The Study detecting Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria menin- Burkina Faso conducts nationwide case-based sur- gitidis, or Hemophilus influenzae. We identified 38 cases veillance for bacterial meningitis. Cerebrospinal fluid of meningitis among 590 that were PCR-positive for 3 (CSF) samples collected from patients with suspected nonpneumococcal streptococcal pathogens, including 21 meningitis are sent to 1 of 5 national laboratories for cases of Streptococcus suis. Among the country’s 13 re- confirmation by culture and real-time PCR testing (6). gions, 10 had S. suis–positive cases. Because of multiple challenges encountered by the laboratories in isolating bacteria from CSF, the confir- treptococcus suis is a commensal organism of the mation of meningitis cases relies heavily on molecular upper respiratory tract of pigs that can occasion- S detection (6). The real-time PCR assay currently used ally cause severe invasive infections in these animals at the national laboratories only detects Streptococcus (1,2). The bacterium also can infect humans who have pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis, and Haemophilus close contact with pigs or pork products, leading to influenzae. Between 2015 and 2018, the national labo- serious diseases such as meningitis, endocarditis, and ratories tested 7,174 CSF samples from patients with sepsis (3). S. -
Identification of Conditionally Essential Genes for Streptococcus Suis Infection in Pigs
Virulence ISSN: (Print) (Online) Journal homepage: https://www.tandfonline.com/loi/kvir20 Identification of conditionally essential genes for Streptococcus suis infection in pigs Jesús Arenas , Aldert Zomer , Jose Harders-Westerveen , Hester J. Bootsma , Marien I. De Jonge , Norbert Stockhofe-Zurwieden , Hilde E. Smith & Astrid De Greeff To cite this article: Jesús Arenas , Aldert Zomer , Jose Harders-Westerveen , Hester J. Bootsma , Marien I. De Jonge , Norbert Stockhofe-Zurwieden , Hilde E. Smith & Astrid De Greeff (2020) Identification of conditionally essential genes for Streptococcussuis infection in pigs, Virulence, 11:1, 446-464, DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2020.1764173 To link to this article: https://doi.org/10.1080/21505594.2020.1764173 © 2020 The Author(s). Published by Informa View supplementary material UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. Published online: 18 May 2020. Submit your article to this journal Article views: 201 View related articles View Crossmark data Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at https://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=kvir20 VIRULENCE 2020, VOL. 11, NO. 1, 446–464 https://doi.org/10.1080/21505594.2020.1764173 RESEARCH PAPER Identification of conditionally essential genes for Streptococcus suis infection in pigs Jesús Arenas a,b, Aldert Zomer c,d, Jose Harders-Westerveena, Hester J. Bootsmad, Marien I. De Jonged, Norbert Stockhofe-Zurwiedena, Hilde E. Smitha, and Astrid De Greeff a aDepartment of Infection Biology, Wageningen Bioveterinary Research (WBVR), -
United States Patent (19) 11 Patent Number: 5,834,015 Oleske Et Al
USOO5834O15A United States Patent (19) 11 Patent Number: 5,834,015 Oleske et al. (45) Date of Patent: Nov. 10, 1998 54 PROTEIN-LIPID VESICLES AND Charlotte R. Kensil et al, Separation and Characterization of AUTOGENOUS WACCINE COMPRISING THE Saponins with Adjuvant Activity from Quillaia Saponaria SAME Molina Cortex, The Journal of Immunology, vol. 146, pp. 431–437, No. 2, Jan. 15, 1991. 75 Inventors: James M. Oleske, Morris Plains; Jonas E. Salk, M.D. with Mary Contakos et al, Use of Thomas N. Denny, Cranford; Anthony Adjuvants in Studies on Influenza Immunization, J.A.M.A., J. Scolpino, Ramsey; Eleonora vol. 151, No. 14, pp. 1169–1175, Apr. 4, 1953. FeketeoVa, Harrison; Susan Barney S. Graham et al, Augmentation of Human Immuno Gould-Fogerite; Raphael J. Mannino, deficiency Virus Type 1 Neutralizing Antibody by Printing both of Annandale, all of N.J. with gp160 Recombinant Vaccinia and Boosting with 73 Assignees: Albany Medical College, Albany, N.Y.; rgp160 in Vaccinia-Naive Adults, The Journal of Infectious University of Medicine and Dentistry Diseases, 1993, vol. 167, pp. 533–537. of New Jersey, Newark, N.J. E. Celis et al., Regulation of the Human Immune Response to HBSAg: Effects of Antibodies and Antigen Conformation 21 Appl. No.: 712,020 in the Stimulation of Helper T Cells by HBSAg, Hepatology, vol. 5, 744–751, 1985. 22 Filed: Sep. 11, 1996 Jonas Salk, Prospects for the Control of AIDS by Immuniz (51) Int. Cl." ..................................................... A61K 9/127 ing Seropositive Individuals, Nature, vol. 327, Jun. 1987, 52 U.S. Cl. ....................... 424/450; 424/188.1; 424/812; pp. -
A Review of Fish Vaccine Development Strategies: Conventional Methods and Modern Biotechnological Approaches
microorganisms Review A Review of Fish Vaccine Development Strategies: Conventional Methods and Modern Biotechnological Approaches Jie Ma 1,2 , Timothy J. Bruce 1,2 , Evan M. Jones 1,2 and Kenneth D. Cain 1,2,* 1 Department of Fish and Wildlife Sciences, College of Natural Resources, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844, USA; [email protected] (J.M.); [email protected] (T.J.B.); [email protected] (E.M.J.) 2 Aquaculture Research Institute, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844, USA * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 25 October 2019; Accepted: 14 November 2019; Published: 16 November 2019 Abstract: Fish immunization has been carried out for over 50 years and is generally accepted as an effective method for preventing a wide range of bacterial and viral diseases. Vaccination efforts contribute to environmental, social, and economic sustainability in global aquaculture. Most licensed fish vaccines have traditionally been inactivated microorganisms that were formulated with adjuvants and delivered through immersion or injection routes. Live vaccines are more efficacious, as they mimic natural pathogen infection and generate a strong antibody response, thus having a greater potential to be administered via oral or immersion routes. Modern vaccine technology has targeted specific pathogen components, and vaccines developed using such approaches may include subunit, or recombinant, DNA/RNA particle vaccines. These advanced technologies have been developed globally and appear to induce greater levels of immunity than traditional fish vaccines. Advanced technologies have shown great promise for the future of aquaculture vaccines and will provide health benefits and enhanced economic potential for producers. This review describes the use of conventional aquaculture vaccines and provides an overview of current molecular approaches and strategies that are promising for new aquaculture vaccine development. -
Streptococcosis Humans and Animals
Zoonotic Importance Members of the genus Streptococcus cause mild to severe bacterial illnesses in Streptococcosis humans and animals. These organisms typically colonize one or more species as commensals, and can cause opportunistic infections in those hosts. However, they are not completely host-specific, and some animal-associated streptococci can be found occasionally in humans. Many zoonotic cases are sporadic, but organisms such as S. Last Updated: September 2020 equi subsp. zooepidemicus or a fish-associated strain of S. agalactiae have caused outbreaks, and S. suis, which is normally carried in pigs, has emerged as a significant agent of streptoccoccal meningitis, septicemia, toxic shock-like syndrome and other human illnesses, especially in parts of Asia. Streptococci with human reservoirs, such as S. pyogenes or S. pneumoniae, can likewise be transmitted occasionally to animals. These reverse zoonoses may cause human illness if an infected animal, such as a cow with an udder colonized by S. pyogenes, transmits the organism back to people. Occasionally, their presence in an animal may interfere with control efforts directed at humans. For instance, recurrent streptococcal pharyngitis in one family was cured only when the family dog, which was also colonized asymptomatically with S. pyogenes, was treated concurrently with all family members. Etiology There are several dozen recognized species in the genus Streptococcus, Gram positive cocci in the family Streptococcaceae. Almost all species of mammals and birds, as well as many poikilotherms, carry one or more species as commensals on skin or mucosa. These organisms can act as facultative pathogens, often in the carrier. Nomenclature and identification of streptococci Hemolytic reactions on blood agar and Lancefield groups are useful in distinguishing members of the genus Streptococcus. -
Detection of Various Streptococcus Spp. and Their Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns in Clinical Specimens from Austrian Swine Stocks
antibiotics Article Detection of Various Streptococcus spp. and Their Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns in Clinical Specimens from Austrian Swine Stocks René Renzhammer 1,* , Igor Loncaric 2, Marisa Ladstätter 1, Beate Pinior 3, Franz-Ferdinand Roch 3, Joachim Spergser 2, Andrea Ladinig 1 and Christine Unterweger 1 1 University Clinic for Swine, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria; [email protected] (M.L.); [email protected] (A.L.); [email protected] (C.U.) 2 Department for Pathobiology, Institute of Microbiology, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria; loncarici@staff.vetmeduni.ac.at (I.L.); i102us01@staff.vetmeduni.ac.at (J.S.) 3 Unit of Veterinary Public Health and Epidemiology, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, Institute of Food Safety, Food Technology and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria; [email protected] (B.P.); [email protected] (F.-F.R.) * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 31 October 2020; Accepted: 9 December 2020; Published: 11 December 2020 Abstract: Knowledge of pathogenic potential, frequency and antimicrobial resistance patterns of porcine Streptococcus (S.) spp. other than S. suis is scarce. Between 2016 and 2020, altogether 553 S. spp. isolates were recovered from clinical specimens taken from Austrian swine stocks and submitted for routine microbiological examination. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing towards eight antimicrobial substances was performed using disk diffusion test. All isolates from skin lesions belonged to the species S. dysgalactiae subspecies equisimilis (SDSE). S. hyovaginalis was mainly isolated from the upper respiratory tract (15/19) and S. -
Streptococcus Suis Induces Expression of Cyclooxygenase-2 in Porcine Lung Tissue
microorganisms Article Streptococcus suis Induces Expression of Cyclooxygenase-2 in Porcine Lung Tissue Muriel Dresen 1,†, Josephine Schenk 1,†, Yenehiwot Berhanu Weldearegay 1 ,Désirée Vötsch 1, Wolfgang Baumgärtner 2, Peter Valentin-Weigand 1,* and Andreas Nerlich 1,3,* 1 Institute for Microbiology, Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, 30173 Hannover, Germany; [email protected] (M.D.); [email protected] (J.S.); [email protected] (Y.B.W.); [email protected] (D.V.) 2 Institute for Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, 30173 Hannover, Germany; [email protected] 3 Veterinary Centre for Resistance Research, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, 14163 Berlin, Germany * Correspondence: [email protected] (P.V.-W.); [email protected] (A.N.); Tel.: +49-511-856-7362 (P.V.-W.); +49-30-838-58508 (A.N.) † These authors contributed equally to this work. Abstract: Streptococcus suis is a common pathogen colonising the respiratory tract of pigs. It can cause meningitis, sepsis and pneumonia leading to economic losses in the pig industry worldwide. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and its metabolites play an important regulatory role in different bio- logical processes like inflammation modulation and immune activation. In this report we analysed the induction of COX-2 and the production of its metabolite prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in a porcine precision-cut lung slice (PCLS) model. Using Western blot analysis, we found a time-dependent Citation: Dresen, M.; Schenk, J.; induction of COX-2 in the infected tissue resulting in increased PGE2 levels. -
Best-Practice Framework for the Use of Vaccines in Animals
Best-practice framework for the use of vaccines in animals EPRUMA best-practice framework 1 CONTENTS Introduction ................................................................................ 2 About vaccines ........................................................................... 3 Animal vaccination as part of an overall health strategy, prevention plans and responsible use ....................................... 4 Proper vaccination: recommendations.... .................................. 5 Conclusions ................................................................................ 7 INTRODUCTION EPRUMA promotes the responsible use of medicines in animals (www.epruma.eu) and shares information on best practices to prevent, control and treat animal diseases, supporting animal health and welfare, contributing to food safety, and safeguarding human wellbeing and public health. Within EPRUMA best practice guidelines, the and control infectious diseases, vaccination role of vaccination has always been highlighted. improves animal health and reduces the need Through this document, EPRUMA partners for treatment, while contributing to food safety wish to raise awareness on the benefits of and public health. vaccination, and recommend best practices for Nevertheless, the benefits of vaccination vaccine use to ensure optimal animal health. have been questioned recently by anti- vaccine pressure groups. A survey conducted Infectious disease prevention can be achieved among citizens in 2016 showed that 66% of through a combination of measures, -
Elisabeth Erlacher-Vindel, World Organisation for Animal
Elisabeth Erlacher-Vindel Head of the Antimicrobial Resistance & Veterinary Products Department Prioritization of Vaccines to Reduce Antibiotic use in Animals PACCARB Meeting Washington, 30 January 2019 World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) 182 Member Countries 301 75 Reference Centres Partner organisations World Organisation for Animal Health 12 Headquarters Regional & Sub-regional Paris Representations “to improve animal health, veterinary public health and animal welfare worldwide” World Organisation for Animal Health · Protecting animals, Preserving our future | 2 OIE ad hoc Groups The OIE convened two ad hoc Groups to provide guidance on prioritisation of diseases for which the use of vaccines could reduce antimicrobial use in animals: • pigs, poultry and fish (April 2015) http://www.oie.int/en/standard-setting/specialists-commissions-working-groups/scientific- commission-reports/ad-hoc-groups-reports/ • cattle, sheep and goats (May 2018) http://www.oie.int/standard-setting/specialists-commissions-working-groups/scientific- commission-reports/ad-hoc-groups-reports/ World Organisation for Animal Health · Protecting animals, Preserving our future | 3 6.1. Key principles adopted In order to facilitate identification of infections where new or improved vaccines would have the maximum potential to reduce antibiotic use, a number of key considerations were agreed and applied: 1. Identification of the most prevalent and important bacterial infections in chickens, swine, and identification of fish species that are commonly farmed and associated with high antibiotic use, and associated prevalent bacterial infections in those species. 2. Identification of common non-bacterial infections in chicken, swine and fish (e.g. protozoal, viral) showing clinical signs that trigger empirical antibiotic treatment (e.g. -
Optimizing Immunity Fin ‘No Antibiotics Ever’ And‘Reduced Use’ Broiler flocks
POULTRY HEALTH HIGHLIGHTS OF A ROUNDTABLE DISCUSSION T ODAY Optimizing immunity fin ‘no antibiotics ever’ and‘reduced use’ broiler flocks july 2017 • INDIANAPOlIS, INDIANA P O U - 0 0 0 9 4 POULTRY HEALTH HIGHLIGHTS OF A ROUNDTABLE DISCUSSION T ODAY Jon Schaeffer, DVM, PHD Director, Poultry Veterinary Services, Zoetis Inc. [email protected] • zoetisus.com/foodsafety WELCOME The growing trend toward “no antibiotics ever” and “reduced use” production systems has prompted poultry companies to rethink their traditional disease-management practices. When flocks are raised with few or no antibiotics, they’re naturally more susceptible to diseases caused by primary or secondary infections. This has presented a huge challenge for poultry veterinarians. alternative therapies have shown potential, but reports from the field — both scientific and anecdotal — show they’ve also been inconsistent. Making refinements in nutrition, stocking rates and housing may help to reduce disease pressure. But in the end, finding ways to optimize immunity and give broilers more “staying power” could be the best strategy for maintaining the health and welfare of these birds. To help the poultry industry meet this goal, we brought together an all-star team of experts with expertise in three diseases affecting the broiler’s immune system — IBD, Marek’s and reovirus — to talk about what producers can do now to raise the bar for protection and flock welfare. This booklet presents highlights from that lively and informative discussion. Special thanks to the participants