Annotated Bibliography Community Economic Development (CED)
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Annotated Bibliography Community Economic Development (CED) Prepared for the Manitoba Research Alliance on CED in the New Economy February 10, 2005 Prepared by Dr. Parvin Ghorayshi Marie-Claude Barrette-Molgat Heather Graydon Sarah Amyot Abascal-Hildebrand, Mary. 2000. "Mondragon's Algebra of Community Economics." Peace Review 12(2): 277-282. Abstract: This article is about the Mondragon Cooperative Corporation in the Basque county of Spain and how its style of workplace democracy can be a model for community economic development initiatives. Athbascal- Hildebrand argues that workplace democracy can generate greater participatory democracy in a whole society, by sparking more community level activism and economies. Keywords: cooperatives; CED example; democratic workplace; Mondragon; Spain; Europe. Abbott, Dina. 1996. "Turning Acts of Borrowing into Acts of Empowerment: Self- Organization of the Annapurna Women of Bombay." Pp. 183-193 in Women, Work and Gender Relations in Developing Countries: A Global Perspective, edited by P. Ghorayshi and C. Belanger. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press. Abstract: In this chapter the author describes the Self-Employed Women's Association and the Working Women's Forum in India, and how women in these groups have secured self-employment loans from banks through collective agency. Some examples of viable businesses for women using these loans are provided. Abbott describes challenges women have faced in securing the loans and negative aspects of the credit program. Keywords: women; self-employment; India; loans. Abdela, Lesley. 2000. "From Palm Tree to Parliament: Training Women for Political Leadership and Public Life." Gender and Development 8(3): 16-23. Abstract: Economic restructuring in the poorest countries of the world, implemented by male-dominated governments and financial organisations, have hit women the hardest. Some barriers women experience when becoming political leaders are presented. Abdela suggests that existing power structures need to be reformed and proposes what could be done. More women in politics is not enough. Structural and attitudinal change is imperative. Keywords: women; leadership; politics; SAP. Abonyi, George and Nigel Howard. 1980. "A Boolean Approach to Interactive Program Planning." Management Science 26(7): 719-735. Abstract: This article is about program planning for development. The authors describe a Boolean method of program planning called "Interactive Program Planning," the purpose of which is to assess alternatives to various parts of a project and what programs or project alternatives are most acceptable to different interest groups. Based on an algebraic model, it identifies points of disagreements between groups regarding projects, thereby speeding the process of identifying and designing programs that are 1 acceptable to all groups involved. Keywords: development, program planning; technology; Canada. Abucar, Mohammed H. 1995. "The Canadian Experience of Community Development: The Case of Guysborough County." Community Development Journal 30(4): 337-346. Abstract: Abucar discusses the differences in government level community development activity and that of the community level. He argues the trend is for government to try to solve problems of housing, employment and job training. At the community level, groups, organizations, the private sector and labour unions network to alleviate human and/or environmental problems. He describes the case of a development association in Guysborough, Nova Scotia and compares government and community involvement. Keywords: Nova Scotia; Canada; government; work; community development. ACCION International. "Welcome." Boston, MA: ACCION International, Retrieved 06/04, 2003 (http://www.accion.org/default.asp). Abstract: ACCION International is a microlending organization that works in Latin America, the Caribbean, Africa and the United States. ACCION Int. has a focus on reaching as many of the world's poor as possible and as such, loans are made using interest rates that reflect the cost of making the loan. In this way ACCION seeks to be a permanent, sustainable microlending organization. No mention is made of other supports provided to borrowers. Keywords: organization profile; USA; Africa; Caribbean; Latin America; microenterprise; microlending. Ackerly, Brooke A. 1995. "Testing the Tools of Development: Credit Programme, Loan Involvement, and Women's Empowerment." IDS Bulletin 26(3): 56-68. Abstract: The Probit model - increased knowledge of market functions for the borrower; borrower's direct involvement in all aspects of the use of the loans, from production and labour to marketing, is essential for the borrower's empowerment. It is important that institutions that organize micro-lending also make a conscious effort to hire as many women as possible. Keywords: women; credit; empowerment. ACTEW (Advocates for Community Based Training and Education for Women). 1997. Women in Community Economic Development: A Workshop Training Kit for Trainers. Toronto, Ont.: ACTEW Abstract: This is a resource kit/handbook developed by ACTEW. The kit has four sections: principles for working in community economic development with women and the characteristics of successful initiatives; case studies that 2 demonstrate how the principles may be applied; resources and a training module. The kit is intended for practitioners. Keywords: training; handbook; case studies; Canada; housing; sewing; women's organisation; resource kit; Ontario. ------. "ACTEW." Toronto, Ont.: ACTEW, Retrieved 12/5/03, 2003 (http://www.actew.org/about/index.html). Abstract: Founded in 1987, A Commitment to Training and Employment for Women (ACTEW) is a provincial umbrella group of supporters, trainers, agencies, and organizations delivering employment and training services to women. ACTEW's mission is to promote and support community-based training opportunities for women. Keywords: Canada; training; Ontario; organization- profile; resources; reports. Adeoti, John O. 2000. "Small Enterprise Promotion and Sustainable Development: An Attempt at Integration." Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship 5(1): 57-71. Abstract: This article is about small-scale enterprise as a sustainable development strategy in the south. The author discusses the importance of environmental sustainability to sustainable economic development and the negative environmental impacts of industrialization. Keywords: microenterprise; sustainable development; Nigeria; Africa. Afsharipour, Afra. 1999. "Empowering Ourselves: The Role of Women's NGOs in the Enforcement of the Women's Convention." Columbia Law Review 99(1): 129-172. Abstract: 1979- Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women. "States have not implemented significant measures to live up to commitments made at this convention. NGOs have played an important role in reporting on abuses of women's human rights. Under the convention, states are suppose to submit reports on measures that have been taken to improve the lives of women - however, it has been NGOs that have taken on this role. "As many women's NGOs have realized, getting standards for women's human rights implemented at the local level is not just a matter of treaty law and international legal obligations of States, but is rather a matter of mobilizing the State's political will and capabilities.". Keywords: women's human rights; NGO; state. Ahluwalia, Meenakshi. 1997. "Representing Communities: The Case of a Community-Based Watershed Management Project in Rajasthan, India." IDS Bulletin 28(4): 23-34. Abstract: The failure of many large-scale projects has led to a shift to community-based, small-scale initiatives. These watershed management 3 programs are not only about environmental management, but also about community empowerment with respect to land rights, political awareness, capacity-building, etc. Such projects need to be sensitive to caste and gender issues, especially in the Indian context. Women of different castes had varying access to finding a livelihood through these development projects. The quality of women's lives has actually declined as a result of this project. They have participated very little in the decision-making process, yet their workload has increased substantially. However, because the institutions that repress women are so strong, there has been very little questioning or dissent from women. While some complain about the increased workload it has brought them, there has been very little in the way of real resistance. Keywords: women's work load; India; Asia; capacity building. Ahmad, Mokbul M. 2003. "Distant Voices: The Views of Field Workers of NGO'S in Bangladesh on Microcredit." The Geographical Journal 169(1): 65-74. Abstract: The author presents 4 NGOs that focus on microcredit in Bangladesh and suggests that development goals sometimes become secondary. The author questions the sustainability of the loans and how efficient they are to assist the poorest. Keywords: microcredit; theory vs practice; NGO; Bangladesh; Asia. Aitken, W. R. O. 1988. "The Environment and the Economy." Pp. 1-7 in CRS Special Paper. Kingston, Ontario: Centre for Resource Studies: Queen's University. Abstract: This article is a transcript of a keynote address before the Board of Directors and Advisory Council, Centre for Resource Studies, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, 27 April 1988. It was an opportunity to publicize the deliberations of the National Task Force on the Environment and the Economy that was created as a