Town of Garner Plant Material List
Prepared by the Planning Department
Last update: April 2008 PLANT MATERIAL Purpose and Intent
Purpose The plant material list contained in this Manual provides a suggested selection of plants that will both enhance the native landscape of Garner and minimize water consumption.
Intent To ensure that appropriate plants are selected for use in the Town of Garner. The tables offer species suggestions, with some provided performance characteristics. If offers a guide for the type of plant material the Town of Garner wishes to see used to satisfy the requirements of the landscape ordinance. Plants with more exacting growing condition or those with less certainty of success should be reserved for minor accent or specialty use. The suggested list emphasizes drought tolerant plants. Non-drought tolerant plants may be used if non-public water sources are used for irrigation, if the planting area is naturally wet, or the planting area is to be used for bioretention.
The suggested plant list of this manual generally does not include named hybrids and variously named species subtypes such as subspecies, varieties and cultivars due to the requirement to list such a large number of names if all suitable plants were to be included. Even though hybrids and named species subtypes are note listed, the Town of Garner anticipates the use of such plants, and even encourages their use in situations where they are expected to perform significantly better than species types. However, it must be recognized that plant hybrids or named species subtypes may differ greatly in habit, size and other characteristics from that of the parent species or other genetically related hybrids or subtypes. If the proposed plant selection is not expected to meet minimal performance requirements for its particular application, it may be disapproved regardless of its genetic relationship to a parent species or plant selection that would be suitable even if the parent species is on the suggested plant list.
It is the intent of the Town of Garner Planning Departments Urban Design Specialist to update the suggested plant list every three years to remain current with new recommended introductions and deletions of plant that have come to be know for problems.
Applicability The plant materials lists contain species suitable for all uses.
Sources Sources of horticultural names include several documents.
• Trees, Shrubs, Vines Dirr, Michael A., Manual of Woody Landscape Plants. Champaign, IL, Stipes Publishing Company. 1998
• Grasses USDA, NRCS, The PLANTS Database, Version 3.1. (http://plants.usda.gov). Baton Rouge, LA, National Plant Data Center.
• Drought-Tolerant Plants for NC Landscape. 2007. (http://www.bae.ncsu.edu/programs/extension/publicat/wqwm/ag508_3/)
1 of 14 Large Deciduous Trees
Scientific Name Drought USDA Mature NC Exposure Commen Name Tolerance Zone Height/Spread Native Acer campestre H 5 to 8 25-35/25-35 Sun N Hedge Maple Acer floridanum Flordia Maple or Southern H 6b to 8 30-40/20-25 Sun/Semi-shade Y Sugar Maple Acer rubrum H 3 to 9 35-60/20-50 Sun/Semi-shade Y Red Maple Acer saccharum M 3 to 8 60-80/40-60 Sun/Semi-shade Y Sugar Maple Betula nigra M 4 to 9 40-80/30-60 Sun Y River Birch Carpinus betulus H 5 to 8a 40-60/30-50 Sun N European Hornbeam Carya illinoinensis M 5 to 9 50-70/30-70 Sun Pecan Celtis occidentalis H 3 to 9 40-60/40-60 Sun/Semi-shade Y Common Hackberry Cladrastis lutea M 4 to 8 30-50/40-50 Sun/Shade Y American Yellowwood DiDiospyrosospyros virginianavirginiana M 44t to 9 35-60/20-3535 60/20 35 SunS Y Common Persimmon Fagus grandifolia M 3 to 9 60-80/40-60 Sun/Shade Y American Beech Fagus sylvatica M 4 to 7 50-60/35-45 Sun/Shade N European Beech Fraxinus americana M 3 to 9 50-100/40-80 Sun Y White Ash Fraxinus pennsylvanica H 3 to 9 50-60/30-40 Sun Y Green Ash Ginkgo biloba H 4 to 8 50-80/30-50 Sun Y Ginkgo or Maidentree Lagerstroemia faure H 7 to 9 20-40/20-35 Sun N Crape Myrtle Liquidambar styraciflua H 5 to 9 60-75/30-40 Sun Y Sweetgum Liquidambar tulipifera M 4 to 9 60-80/30-50 Sun/Shade Y Tulip Poplar Metasequoia glyptostroboides H 5 to 8 70-100/20-25 Sun N Dawn Redwood Nyssa sylvatica H 3 to 9 30-50/20-30 Sun Y Black Gum, Black Tupelo Ostrya virginiana M 3b to 9 25-40/16-25 Sun/Shade Y Ironwood Pistacia chinensis H 6 to 9 30-40/25-35 Sun N Chinese Pistache Platanus x acerifolia H 5 to 8 70-100/60-80 Sun N London Planetree
2 of 14 Large Deciduous Trees, continued Scientific Name Drought USDA Mature NC Exposure Commen Name Tolerance Zone Height/Spread Native Platanus occidentalis H 4 to 9 75-100/60-80 Sun/Semi-shade Y American Sycamore Quercus acutissima H 6b to 9 35-45/35-45 Sun N Sawtooth Oak Quercus alba H 3b to 9 70-75/40-50 Sun Y White Oak Quercus falcata H 6b to 9 70-80/30-40 Sun Y Southern Red Oak Quercus lyrata H 5 to 9 40-60/40-60 Sun Y Overcup Oak Quercus nigra H 6 to 9 50-80/40-60 Sun Y Water Oak Quercus nuttallii H 5 to 9 40-60/30-50 Sun N Nuttall Oak Quercus palustris H 5 to 9 70-80/40-50 Sun Y Pin Oak Quercus phellos H 5 to 9 40-80/30-60 Sun Y Willow Oak Quercus shumardii H 5 to 9 70-75/40-50 Sun Y Shumard Oak Salix nigrag H 3a3a toto 8 35--50/20 35 SunSun Y Black Willow Taxodium distichum H 4 to 9 50-80/30-50 Sun Y Bald Cypress Ulmus parvifolia H 5 to 9 40-50/40-50 Sun N Chinese Elm or Lacebark Elm Zelkova serrata H 5 to 8 40-50/30-50 Sun N Japanese Zelkova
3 of 14 Large Evergreen Trees
Scientific Name Drought USDA Mature NC Exposure Commen Name Tolerance Zone Height/Spread Native Cedrus deodara H 7 to 9 40-70/50-80 Sun N Deodar Cedar Ilex opeca M 5 to 9 30-70/15-20 Sun/Semi-shade Y American Holly Juniperus virginiana H 3b to 9 40-50/8-20 Sun Y Eastern Red Cedar Magnolia grandiflora M 7 to 9 50-80/40-60 Sun/Semi-shade Y Southern Magnolia Pinus palustris H 7 to 9 40-60/15-25 Sun Y Longleaf Pine Pinus taeda H 6 to 9 60-90/20-40 Sun Y Loblolly Pine Pinus virginianna H 4 to 8 40-60/10-30 Sun Y Virginia Pine Quercus hemisphaerica H 6 to 9 40-60/30-40 Sun Y Laurel Oak or Darlington Oak Quercus virginiana H 6 to 8 60-80/50-60 Sun Y Live Oak
4 of 14 Small Deciduous Trees
Scientific Name Drought USDA Mature NC Exposure Commen Name Tolerance Zone Height/Spread Native Acer buergerianum H 5 to 8 20-25/10-15 Sun N Trident Maple Acer ginnala M 3 to 8a 15-20/15-25 Sun N Amur Maple Acer palmatum M 5 to 8 15-25/15-30 Partial Shade N Japanese Maple Amelanchier arborea M 4 to 9 15-25/15-20 Sun/Semi-shade Y Downy Serviceberry Amelanchier canadensis M 3 to 7 6-20/10-15 Sun/Semi-shade Y Shadblow Serviceberry Amelanchier x grandiflora H 4 to 9 20-25/25-35 Sun/Semi-shade N Apple Serviceberry Amelanchier laevis M 4 to 8 20-25/25-35 Sun/Semi-shade Y Allegheny Serviceberry Carpinus caroliniana H 3 to 9 20-30/20-30 Sun/Shade Y American Hornbeam Cercis canadensis M 4 to 9 20-30/20-30 Sun/Shade Y Eastern Redbud or Judas Tree Chionanthus retusus H 5 to 9 15-25/15-25 Sun N CChinesehinese FringeFringe TreeTree Chionanthus virginicus M 3 to 9 10-25/10-20 Sun/Semi-shade Y White Fringe Tree Cornus flordia M 5 to 9 15-30/10-25 Sun/Semi-shade Y Flowering Dogwood Cornus kousa M 5 to 8 20-30/20-30 Sun/Semi-shade N Kousa Dogwood Cotinus coggyria H 5 to 8a 10-15/10-15 Sun/Semi-shade N Common Smoketree Crataegus phaenopyrum H 3 to 9 20-30/20-25 Sun Y Washington Hawthorn Crataegus viridis H 4 to 7 20-30/20-25 Sun N Green Hawthorn Halesia carolina H 4 to 8 20-30/15-20 Sun/Semi-shade Y Carolina Silverbell Hamamelis viginiana M 3 to 8 20-30/20-25 Sun/Shade Y Common Witchhazel Hamamelis mollis M 5 to 8 10-15/10-15 Sun/Shade N Chinese Witchhazel Lagerstroemia indica H 7 to 9 15-25/10-20 Sun N Crape Myrtle Maclura pomifera H 4 to 9 20-30/20-30 Sun N Osage Orange Magnolia soulangiana H 4 to 9 20-30/15-25 Sun/Semi-shade N Saucer Magnolia Magnolia stella H 4 to 8a 10-18/10-15 Sun/Semi-shade N Star Magnolia
5 of 14 Small Deciduous Trees, continued Scientific Name Drought USDA Mature NC Exposure Commen Name Tolerance Zone Height/Spread Native Magnolia virginiana M 5 to 9 10-25/10-20 Sun/Shade Y Sweeybay Magnolia Malus species H 4 to 8 15-30/10-35 Sun N Flowering Crabapples Oxydendrum arboreum M 5 to 9 25-30/20-25 Sun/Semi-shade Y Sourwood Prunus 'okame' M 6 to 9 20-30/20-30 Sun N Okame Cherry Prunus serrulata Japanese Flowering Cherry M 5 to 8a 20-30/10-20 Sun N (many cultivars) Prunus x yedoensis M 5 to 8 20-30/20-30 Sun N Yoshino Cherry Sassafras albidum H 4 to 9 30-60/25-40 Sun Y Common Sassafras Styrax japonica M 5 to 8 20-30/20-30 Sun/Semi-shade N Japanese Snowball Vitex agnus-castus H 6b to 8 15-20/10-15 Sun N Chastetree
6 of 14 Small Evergreen Trees
Scientific Name Drought USDA Mature NC Exposure Commen Name Tolerance Zone Height/Spread Native Ilex x attenuata 'Fosteri' M 6 to 9 22-30/10-15 Sun/Semi-shade N Fosters Holly Ilex x attenuata 'Savannah' H 6 to 9 25-30/10-15 Sun/Shade N Savannah Holly Ilex latifolia H 6b to 9 20-25/15-20 Sun/Shade N Lusterleaf Holly Ilex x 'Nellie R. Stevens' H 6 to 9 15-25/10-15 Sun/Shade N Nellie Stevens Holly Ilex opaca H 6b to 8 20-30/15-20 Sun/Shade N American Holly Ilex vomitoria H 7 to 10 10-20/8-15 Sun/Semi-shade Y Yaupon Holly Prunus caroliniana M 6 to 8 20-30/15-20 Sun/Shade N Carolina Laurel, Cherry
7 of 14 Small Deciduous Shrubs (2 to 5 feet)
Scientific Name Drought USDA Mature NC Exposure Commen Name Tolerance Zone Height/Spread Native Deutzia gracilis H 4 to 8a 2-4' Sun/Semi-shade N Slender Deutzia Hydrangea arborescens M 4 to 9 3-5' Sun Y Smooth Hydrangea Hypericum 'Hidcote' H 6 to 8 3-4' Sun/Semi-shade N Hidcote St. Johnswort Hypericum prolificum H 4 to 8 1-4' Sun/Semi-shade Y Shrubby St. Johnswort Itea virginica H 5 to 9 3-5' Sun/Shade Y Virginia Sweetspire Rose carolina H 4 to 9 3-6' Sun Y Carolina Rose Spiraea x bumalda H 3 to 8 2-3' Sun/Semi-shade N Bumald Spirea Spiraea nipponica 'Snowmound' H 4 to 7 3-5' Sun/Semi-shade N Snowmound Spirea Spiraea thunbergii H 4 to 8 3-4' Sun N Thunberg Spirea ViViburnumburnum cacarlesiirlesii M 55t to 7 454-5'' Sun/Semi-shadeS/S ihd N Korean Spice Viburnum Medium Deciduous Shrubs (5 to 8 feet)
Scientific Name Drought USDA Mature NC Exposure Commen Name Tolerance Zone Height/Spread Native Forsythia x intermedia M 6 to 8b 5-7' Sun N Border Forsythia Hydrangea quercifolia H 5 to 9 6-8' Sun N Oakleaf Hydrangea Hypericum densiflorum H 5 to 8 4-6' Sun/Semi-shade Y Dense Hypericum Lespedeza thunbergii H 5 to 8a 5-6' Sun N Thunberg Lespedeza Rosa rugosa H 2 to 7 4-6' Sun N Rugose Rose Spiraea prunifolia 'Plena' H 4 to 8 5-7' Sun N Bridalwreath Spirea Spiraea x vanhouttei H 3 to 8 5-7' Sun N Vanhoutte Spirea Viburnum acerifolium H 4 to 8 4-6' Shade Y Mapleleaf Viburnum Viburnum dentatum H 3 to 8 6-8' Sun/Semi-shade Y Arrowwood Viburnum
8 of 14 Large Deciduous Shrubs (8 feet and up)
Scientific Name Drought USDA Mature NC Exposure Commen Name Tolerance Zone Height/Spread Native Aesculus parviflora M 4 to 8 8-12' Sun/Semi-shade N Bottlebrush Buckeye Aronia arbutifolia H 4 to 9 6-10' Sun/Semi-shade Y Red Chokeberry Aronia melanocarpa H 3 to 8 6-10' Sun/Semi-shade Y Black Chokeberry Buddleia davidii H 5 to 9 10-15' Sun N Butterfly Bush Calycanthus floridus H 4 to 9 8-12' Sun/Shade Y Sweetshrub Chaenomeles speciosa H 4 to 8 8-10' Sun/Semi-shade N Flowering Quince Euonymus alatus Winged Euonymus or H 4 to 8 15-20' Sun/Shade N Burning Bush Hamamelis vernalis H 4 to 8a 8-12' Sun/Shade N Vernal Witchhazel Hibiscus syriacus H 5 to 8 8-12' Sun N Shrub Althea, Rose of Sharon IlIlexex verticillataverticillata M 33t to 9 66-10'10' Sun/Semi-shadeS/S ihd Y Common Winterberry Myrica pensylvanica H 3 to 6 8-12' Sun Y Northern Bayberry Philadelphus coronarius H 4 to 8a 10-12' Sun/Semi-shade N Sweet Mockorange Rhododendron austrinum M 6b to 9 8-12' Semi-shade/Shade N Florida Azalea Rhododendron calendulaceum M 5 to 7 10-15' Semi-shade/Shade Y Flame Azalea Rhododendron canescens M 5 to 9 10-15' Semi-shade/Shade Y Piedmont Azalea Rhus typhina H 4 to 8 15-25' Sun/Semi-shade Y Staghorn Sumac Viburnum lantana H 4 to 8a 10-15' Sun/Semi-shade N Wayfaring Tree Viburnum Viburnum opulus European Cranberrybush H 3 to 8a 8-12' Sun/Semi-shade N Viburnum Viburnum plicatum var. tomentosum H 5 to 8a 8-10' Sun/Semi-shade N Doublefile Viburnum Viburnum x pragense H 3 to 9 12-15' Sun/Semi-shade Y Prague Viburnum
9 of 14 Small Evergreen Shrubs (2 to 5 feet)
Scientific Name Drought USDA Mature NC Exposure Commen Name Tolerance Zone Height/Spread Native Abelia x grandiflora H 6 to 9 3-4' Sun/Semi-shade N Glossy Abelia Azalea hybrids M 6b to 8a 3-5' Semi-shade Berberis thunbergii H 4 to 8a 3-5' Sun/Semi-shade N Japanese Barberry Buxus microphylla var. japonica H 6 to 9 3-4' Sun/Semi-shade N Japanese Boxwood Gardenia jasminoides 'Radicans' M 7a to 10 2-4' Semi-shade N Creeping Gardenia Ilex cornuta 'Carissa' H 6b to 9 3-4' Sun/Semi-shade N Carissa Chinese Holly Ilex cornuta 'Rotunda' H 6b to 9 3-4' Sun/Semi-shade N Dwarf Chinese Holly Ilex crenata 'Compacta' M 5 to 7 3-4' Sun/Semi-shade N Compact Japanese Holly Ilex crenata 'Green Lustre' H 5 to 8a 3-5' Sun/Semi-shade N GGreenreen LustreLustre JapaJapanesenese HollyHolly Ilex crenata 'Helleri' M 5 to 7 2-3' Semi-shade N Helleri Japanese Holly Ilex crenata 'Hetzi' M 5 to 7 2-3' Semi-shade N Hetz Japanese Holly Ilex vomitoria 'Nana' H 7 to 10 3-4' Semi-shade Y Dwarf Yaupon Holly Jasminum floridum H 8 to 10 3-5' Sun/Semi-shade N Showy Jasmine Jasminum nudiflorum H 6 to 10 3-4' Sun/Shade N Winter Jasmine Juniperus davurica 'Expansa' H 6 to 8 2' Sun N Parson's Juniper Kerria japonica H 4b to 9 3-5' Sun N Japanese Kerria Lonicera pileata H 6 to 8a 2-3' Sun/Semi-shade N Privet Honeysuckle Nandina domestica (dwarf cultivars) H 6 to 9 1-3' Sun/Shade N Dwarf Heavenly Bamboo Pittosporum tobira 'Nana' M 7b to 10 3-4' Sun/Semi-shade N Dwarf Japanese Pittosporum Pyracantha koidzumii 'Santa Cruz' H 7b to 8 2-3' Sun N Formosa Firethorn Rhaphiolepis umbellata (R. indica) H 7b to 10 2-4' Sun N Indian Hawthorne
10 of 14 Medium Evergreen Shrubs (5 to 8 feet)
Scientific Name Drought USDA Mature NC Exposure Commen Name Tolerance Zone Height/Spread Native Aucuba japonica H 6b to 10 3-8' Shade/Semi-shade N Dwarf Aucuba, Japanese Aucuba Berberis julianae H 6 to 8 5-6' Sun N Wintergreen Barberry Buxus sempervirens H 5 to 6 5-8' Semi-shade N Common Boxwood Cytisus scoparius H 5 to 8a 5-6' Sun N Scotch Broom Hydrangea macrophylla M 6 to 9 5-8' Semi-shade N Bigleaf Hydrangea Ilex cornuta 'Burfordii Nana' H 6b to 9 5-6' Sun/Semi-shade N Dwarf Burford Holly Ilex glabra H 5 to 9 6-8' Sun Y Inkberry Kalmia latifolia M 4 to 9 5-8' Semi-shade Y Mountain Laurel Mahonia bealei H 6b to 9 6-7' Semi-shade/Shade N Leatherleaf Mahonia NNandinaandina dodomesticamestica H 6b tot 9 5-6'56' Sun/Semi-shadeS/S ihd N Heavenly Bamboo Rhododendron, Southern M 7a to 8 5-8' Semi-shade N Indica Types Yucca filamentosa H 5 to 9 5-6' Sun Y Adam's Needle Yucca Large Evergreen Shrubs (8 feet and up)
Scientific Name Drought USDA Mature NC Exposure Commen Name Tolerance Zone Height/Spread Native Camellia japonica M 6b to 9 8-10' Sun/Semi-shade N Camellia Camellia sasanqua M 7 to 9 8-10' Sun/Semi-shade N Sansanqua Camellia Elaeagnus x ebbingei H 6b to 8 8-10' Sun/Semi-shade N Elaeagnus Ilex x attenuata 'Fosteri' M 6b to 8 8-10' Sun/Semi-shade N Foster Holly Ilex cornuta 'Burfordii' H 6b to 7b 8-12' Sun/Semi-shade N Burford Holly Ilex vomitoria H 6b to 10 8-12' Sun/Semi-shade Y Yaupon Holly Juniperus chinensis 'Hetzi' H 6b to 8 15' Sun Hetz Juniper Juniperus chinensis 'Pfitzeriana' H 6b to 8 8-10' Sun Pfitzer Juniper
11 of 14 Large Evergreen Shrubs (8 feet and up), continued Scientific Name Drought USDA Mature NC Exposure Commen Name Tolerance Zone Height/Spread Native Leucothoe populifolia M 7a to 9 8-12' Semi-shade/Shade N Fetterbush, Florida Leucothoe Ligustrum japonicum H 7b to 10 8-12' Sun/Shade N Japanese Privet Ligustrum lucidum H 7b to 10 10-20' Sun/Semi-shade N Waxleaf Privet Ligustrum sinense H 7a to 8 10-15' Sun/Shade N Chinese Privet Ligustrum x vicaryi H 5 to 8 10-12' Sun/Semi-shade N Vicary Golden Privet Myrica cerifera H 7b to 11 10-15' Sun/Semi-shade Y Southern Waxmyrtle Osmanthus x fortunei H 6b to 8 8-10' Semi-shade N Fortunes Osmanthus Photinia x faseri H 7 to 9 10-15' Sun/Semi-shade N Fraser Photinia Pittosporum tobira M 7b to 10 8-10' Sun/Semi-shade N Japanese Pittosporum Podocarpus macrophyllus 'Maki' M 7a to 10 8-12' Sun/Semi-shade N Southern Yew Pyracantha coccinea M 6 to 9 10-12' Sun N Scarlet Firethorn Ternstroemia gymnathera M 6b to 9 8-10' Sun/Semi-shade N Cleyera
12 of 14 Groundcovers and Vines
Scientific Name Drought USDA Mature NC Exposure Commen Name Tolerance Zone Height/Spread Native Ajuga reptans M 3 to 9 2-4" Sun/Semi-shade N Carpet Bugle Akebia quinata H 5 to 8 20-40' Sun/Shade N Fireleaf Akebia Campsis radicans H 4 to 9 30-40' Sun/Shade Y Trumpet Vine Clematis terniflora H 5 to 8 10-20' Sun/Semi-shade N Sweet Autumn Clematis Clematis hybrids M 4 to 8 20' Sun/Semi-shade Large Flowered Clematis Euonymus fortunei var. coloratus H 5 to 9 6-18"/40-70' Sun/Semi-shade N Wintercreeper Gelsemium sempervirens H 6 to 10 10-20' Sun/Semi-shade Y Carolina Yellow Jessamine Hedera canariensis H 9 to 10 20' + Shade/Semi-shade N Algerian Ivy Hedera helix H 4 to 9 6-12" Shade N English Ivy HHypericumypericum cacalycinumlycinum H 55t to 8 8-12"8 12" Sun/Semi-shadeS/S ihd N Aaronsbeard, St. Johnswort Juniperus conferta 'Blue Pacific' H 6 to 9 12-18" Sun N Shore Juniper Juniperus horizontalis 'Plumosa' H 4 to 9 12-24" Sun N Andora Juniper, Creeping Juniper Liriope muscari H 5 to 10 8-15" Sun/Shade N Liriope, Lilyturf Liriope spicatum H 4 to 10 8-15" Sun/Shade N Spreading Liriope Lonicera sempervirens H 4b to 8 10-20' Sun/Semi-shade Y Trumpet Honeysuckle Ophiopogon japonicus M 2 to 8 5-6" Shade N Dwarf Lilyturf, Mondo Grass Parthenocissus quinquefolia H 4 to 9 30-50' + Sun/Shade Y Virginia Creeper Parthenocissus tricuspidata H 4 to 8 30-50' + Sun/Shade Y Boston Ivy Phlox subulata M 3 to 9 3-4" Sun N Moss Phlox or Thrift Rosa banksiae H 6b to 9 15-20' Sun N Banks Rose Rosa hybrids M 5 to 8 12-36" Sun/Semi-shade N Climbing Rose
13 of 14 Groundcovers and Vines, continued Scientific Name Drought USDA Mature NC Exposure Commen Name Tolerance Zone Height/Spread Native Trachelospermum jasminoides H 8 to 10 10-20' Sun N Star, Confederate Jasmine Vinca major M 6 to 9 12-24" Sun/Semi-shade N Large Periwinkle Vinca minor H 4 to 8 5-6" Shade N Common Periwinkle Wisteria sinensis H 5 to 8 30' Sun N Chinese Wisteria
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