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Sintok International Conference on Social Science and Management (Siconsem 2017) SINTOK INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SOCIAL SCIENCE AND MANAGEMENT (SICONSEM 2017) 4-5 DECEMBER 2017 ADYA HOTEL, LANGKAWI, MALAYSIA SINTOK INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SOCIAL SCIENCE AND MANAGEMENT (SICONSEM 2017) 4-5 DECEMBER 2017 ADYA HOTEL, LANGKAWI, MALAYSIA ORGANISED BY: UUM PRESS UNIVERSITI UTARA MALAYSIA http://www.siconsem.uum.edu.my http://www.uumpress.uum.edu.my PENERBIT UNIVERSITI UTARA MALAYSIA Sintok • 2017 eISBN 978-967-2064-65-7 Editors Dr. Zamimah Osman Nor Arpizah Atan Nor Aziani Jamil Graphic and Layout Zuraizee Zulkifli Mohammad Hazim Abdul Azis Copyright © 2017 UUM Press. All Rights reserved. Published by UUM Press This work is subject to copyright. All right are reserved. Whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the right of translating, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on papers, electronics or any other way, and storage in data banks without either the prior written permission of the Publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate fees as charged by the Publisher. Due care has been taken to ensure that the information provided in this proceeding is correct. However, the publisher bears no responsibility for any damage resulting from any inadvertent omission or inaccuracy of the content in the proceedings. This proceeding is published in electronic format. Printed by: UUM Press ORGANIZING COMMITTEE Advisor Professor Dato’ Seri Dr. Mohamed Mustafa Ishak (Vice-Chancellor, Universiti Utara Malaysia) Conference Director Assoc. Prof. Dr. Ram Al Jaffri Saad Assisstant Conference Director Prof. Dr. Rosna Awang Hashim Panel of Experts Prof. Dr. Rosna Awang Hashim (Editor-in-Chief, Malaysian Journal of Learning and Instruction) Prof. Dr. Ku Ruhana Ku Mahamud (Editor-in-Chief, Journal of Information and Communication Technology) Prof. Dr. Sobri Minai ((Editor-in-Chief, International Journal of Management Studies) Prof. Dr. Ku Nor Izah Ku Ismail (Editor-in-Chief, Malaysian Management Journal) Prof. Dr. Asmah Laili Hj. Yeon (Editor-in-Chief, UUM Journal of Legal Studies) Prof. Dr. Nur Adiana Hiau Abdullah (Editor-in-Chief, International Journal of Banking and Finance) Instruction) Assoc. Prof. Dr. Muhammad Fuad Othman (Editor-in-Chief, Journal of International Studies) TECHNICAL COMMITTEE Secretary Dr. Zamimah Osman Treasurer Umisofian Md Yusuf Promotion & Publicity Nor Arpizah Atan Proceedings & Publication Nor Aziani Jamil Kashfi Wahab Graphic and Layout Zuraizee Zulkifli Mohammad Hazim Abdul Azis Marina Abdol Azis Logistic & Transportation Mohamad Asri Hanafi Registration Noorazlia Hamid Rosida Abdul Razak Ami Joselina Abu Bakar v KEYNOTE SPEAKER “The Creation of Uniqueness” Prof. Tan Sri Dato’ Paduka Dr. Fng Ah Seng (Managing Director, Epic Valley Holdings Sdn Bhd) “Balancing Between Humanity and National Interest: Managing Intra Boundary Conflicts in An International Society” Tan Sri Razali Ismail (Chairman of the Human Rights Commission of Malaysia (SUHAKAM)) “A Framework for HE Teaching Excellence: The Role of Learning Experience” Prof. Dr. Rosna Awang Hashim (Editor-in-Chief Malaysian Journal of Learning and Instruction, Universiti Utara Malaysia) WORKSHOP “Let’s Make the Invisible, Visible: Way Forward for the Malaysian Scholarly Journal” Assoc. Prof. Dr. Zuraidah Abd Manaf (Director, Malaysian Citation Centre, Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia) vii ICT SICONSEM 2017 A SURVEY OF METAHEURISTIC APPROACHES FOR CURRICULUM BASED COURSE TIMETABLING PROBLEM Juliana Wahid & Naimah Mohd Hussin School of Computing, Universiti Utara Malaysia [email protected] [email protected] ABSTRACT Purpose - The aim of this paper is to explore approaches applied for solving CBCTT by presenting features of implementation related to it. The idea is to prepare references structure for future implementation. There are numerous surveys related to approaches in University course timetabling problem (UCTP) (Babaei, Karimpour, & Hadidi, 2014; Nandhini & Kanmani, 2009). Usually surveys that carried out involved post enrollment course timetabling problem (PECTT) and curriculum-based course timetabling problem (CBCTT) together in one literature. Sometimes the depth of information tend to be reduced as both version need to be highlighted at the same place. This can leads to confusing of references in implementation of new approach in terms of features that each versions support. The review of available approaches in solving CBCTT problem in this paper produces information that can be used for future development and experimentation such as number of instances that should be used, neighborhood structure(s) that can be applied and number of experiment repetitions. As stated by Wolpert & Macready (1997) that there is no unique ‘best’ algorithm which performs better than any other algorithm on every test problem (data instance), hence, this paper provides guidelines for future investigation on solving CBCTT problem using other metaheuristic techniques or approaches. Methodology - This paper surveys some of the approaches that have been applied and reported in the literature to solve the CBCTT using the same benchmark data instances that are available at the website of Curriculum-based Course Timetabling (http://tabu.diegm. uniud.it/ctt). As the basis for comparison, each approach was described in terms of the following parameters (if exist): technique(s), neighborhood structure applied, number of instances tested, formulation used, number of experiment repetitions and result achieved (quality of solution). The result for each data instance is then compared to the best known solutions. Findings - Table 1 shows the comparison results of the CBCTT benchmark datasets between the best approaches of simulated annealing (SA), tabu search (TS), great deluge (GD) and artificial bee colony (ABC) together with the best known solution (until 7/4/2017) for the benchmark datasets with particular technique(s) and author(s) produced in CBCTT website (http://tabu.diegm.uniud. it/ctt). Work from Abdullah & Turabieh (2012) that implemented TS related approaches shows eleven best (bold) results over 21 problem instances with the lowest total penalties i.e. 1451. 1 SICONSEM 2017 Table 1: Comparison of Results on CBCTT Benchmark Datasets by SA, TS, GD and ABC related Approaches with the Best Known Solution Best of SA Best of TS Best of GD Best of ABC Best of Known Solution Data Tarawneh Abdullah Abdullah et Fong et al. Solution Author(s) Technique(s) Instance et al. & Turabieh al. (2010) (2014) (2013) (2012) (A11) (A16) (A3) (A8) comp01 5 5 5 5 5 Andrea Schaerf Tabu Search comp02 35 30 39 87 24 Barcelogic Team SAT-based comp03 77 70 76 126 64 Alexander Kiefer Very Large Neighborhood Search (VLNS) comp04 43 35 35 81 35 Tomas Muller Local Search comp05 293 300 315 776 284 Alexander Kiefer VLNS comp06 51 42 50 182 27 Barcelogic Team SAT-based comp07 15 8 12 68 6 Barcelogic Team SAT-based comp08 46 37 37 132 37 S. Abdullah and Other H. Turabieh comp09 99 100 104 191 96 lu and hao Tabu Search comp10 6 7 10 152 4 Barcelogic Team SAT-based comp11 0 0 0 21 0 Andrea Schaerf Tabu Search comp12 307 323 337 462 294 Alexander Kiefer VLNS comp13 71 59 61 141 59 lu and hao Tabu Search comp14 55 55 53 163 51 Gerald Lach Mathematical Programming comp15 68 70 73 171 62 Alexander Kiefer VLNS comp16 32 18 32 152 18 Barcelogic Team SAT-based comp17 61 65 72 142 56 Barcelogic Team SAT-based comp18 70 72 77 103 61 Alexander Kiefer VLNS comp19 62 58 60 173 57 Tomas Muller Local Search comp20 14 11 22 163 4 Barcelogic Team SAT-based comp21 81 86 95 212 74 Antony Phillips Mathematical Programming Total 1491 1451 1565 3703 Penalties Keywords: Curriculum-based university course timetabling, metaheuristics approaches, survey CONCLUSIONS This paper reviewed several literature on solving CBCTT problem using metaheuristics approaches. The parameters such as the algorithms, neighbourhood structures, number of data instances, formulation, number of experiment repetitions and results were highlighted in the review. The comparison on the results produced by each approaches was also presented to determine the best metaheuristics approach so far. The output of this review can be used by researchers that want to further investigate on other metaheuristics approaches in solving the CBCTT problem. 2 SICONSEM 2017 REFERENCES Abdullah, S., & Turabieh, H. (2012). On the use of multi neighbourhood structures within a Tabu- based memetic approach to university timetabling problems. Information Sciences, 191, 146–168. Abdullah, S., Turabieh, H., McCollum, B., & McMullan, P. (2010). A hybrid metaheuristic approach to the university course timetabling problem. Journal of Heuristics, 18(1), 1–23. Babaei, H., Karimpour, J., & Hadidi, A. (2014). A Survey of approaches for university course timetabling problem. Computers & Industrial Engineering, 86, 43–59. Fong, C. W., Asmuni, H., Lam, W. S., McCollum, B., & McMullan, P. (2014). A novel hybrid swarm based approach for curriculum based course timetabling problem. In 2014 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC) July 6-11, 2014, Beijing, China (pp. 544–550). Nandhini, M., & Kanmani, S. (2009). A Survey of Simulated Annealing Methodology for University Course Timetabling. International Journal of Recent Trends in Engineering, 1, (2). Tarawneh, H. Y., Ayob, M., & Ahmad, Z. (2013). A hybrid simulated annealing with solutions memory for curriculum-based course timetabling problem. Journal of Applied Sciences, 13(2), 262–269. Wolpert, D. H., & Macready, W. G. (1997).
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