Information Identification: Executive Summary
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INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF SCIENTIFIC, TECHNICAL & MEDICAL PUBLISHERS .Ah AL'TOhOMOLS .-\SSOCIATION AFFILIATED TO THE INTERXATIONAL PUBLISHERS ASSOC-IATtON A Report to STM International Associa tion of Scientific, Technical and Medical Publishers Prepared by Douglas Armati Jackson Brevis Limited Woodbridge, Suffolk England Commissioned by the STM Task Force on Information Identifiers and Metering Systems in the Electronic Environment SECRETARMT: MUURHUIZEN 1651 3811 EG AMERSFOORTITHE NETHERLANDSIELEPHONE: +3133 65 68 601 FAX: +3133 65 65 38 INTtRNATlONAL ASSOCIATION OF SCIENTIFIC, TECHNICAL & MEDICAL PUBLISHERS \\ \LT0\0hlOL5 \55OCI \TIOh 4FFILlh7ED TO THE IhTtR9/iTlOh,~LPLBLISHERS ASSOCIATION Chalrrndn John F D~il Secretary Lex Lefehvre Brief introduction At the initiative of the STM Chairman, John Dill, a task force on Metering Systems and Information Identifiers in the Electronic Environment was created. Arnoud de Kemp (Chairman of the STM Innovations Committee) was appointed to chair the Task Force and several members and colleagues have been involved: Maurice Long, Norman Paskin, Charles Clark, Alexis Koutchoumow, Douglas Armati, with John Dill, Herman Pabbruwe, Jean-Manuel Bourgois, Herman Frank and Stephen White as corresponding members. The task force met twice - on 8 December 1994 in London and on 10 February 1995 at the STM Secretariat in Amersfoort. They commissioned a report to Douglas Armati, which, after an initial discussion and various enhancements, could be presented at the St. Louis Conference on 24 April 1995 and to the Executive Board on 26 April, 1995. Copies were also distributed at the IFRRO board meeting in Copenhagen on April 19-20. This report and the recommendations made will help STM to start or at least stimulate discussion of an international initiative for multimedia information identifiers and metering systems. The task force is grateful to Douglas Armati for his collective work which has proven to be very comprehensive. The STM Executive Board accepted Armati's report as a formual document to be made available to the STM members. Amersfoort, June 1995 SECRETARIAT: MUURHUIZEN I65/38ll EG AMERSFOORTITHE NETHERLANDSITELEPHONE: +3133 65 60 60IFAX: +3133 65 65 38 BANK ACCOUNT ABN AMRO BANK^ KONINGSPLEIN 11012 WP AMSTERDAM ACCOUNT NR 46 69 77 743 STM Task Force on Information Identifiers and Metering Systems in the Electronic Environment Jean-Manuel Bourgois 38, rue du Tage 750 13 Paris France Tel: +33 1 45 88 4 1 88 Fax: +33 1 45 88 55 92 John F. Dill Mosby-Year Book, Inc. 1 1830 Westline Industrial Drive St Louis MO 6324 1 6 USA Tel: + 1 31 4 872 8370 Fax: +1 314 567 0190 Herman Pabbruwe Wolters Kluwer Academic Publishers Group Postbus 989 3300 AZ Dordrecht The Netherlands Tel: +3 1 78 33 4283/4 Fax: +31 78 33 4268 Maurice Long BMJ Publishing Group BMA House Tavistock Square London WCIH 9JR United Kingdom Tel: +44 17 1 387 4499 Fax: +44 1 7 1 383 6402 Arnoud de Kemp Springer-Verlag TiergartenstraBe 17 D-69 12 1 Heidelberg Germany Tel: +49 6221 4870 Fax: +49 6221 4 13982 0 1995 Douglas Armdi & STM 2 March 1995 Contact Information Douglas Armati Jackson Brevis Limited 7a Angel Lane Woodbridge Suffolk IP 12 4NG United Kingdom Telephone: +44 1394 380874 Facsimile: +44 1728 453909 Email: armatit2udid.u-netcorn Lex Lefebvre Secretary STM Muurhuizen 165 381 1 EG Amersfoort The Netherlands Telephone: +31 33 65 60 60 Facsimile: +31 33 65 65 38 Email: [email protected] 0 1995 Douglas Amdl 1 Mareh 1995 STM Task Force on Information Identifiers and Metering Systems in the Electronic Environment Dr Norman Paskin Elsevier Science The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1 GB United Kingdom Tel: +44 1865 843 000 Fax: +44 1865 843 0 10 Stephen White Sweet 8 Maxwell 183 Marsh WaU London El 4 9FT United Kingdom Tel: +44 17 1 538 8686 Fax: +44 17 1 537 66 13 Corresponding member: Herman Frank Elsevier Science S.A. Avenue de la Gare 50 CH- 103Lausanne Switzerland Tel: +4 1 2 1 320 738 1 Fax: +41 21 323 5444 0 1995 Douglas Arrndi 8 STM 3 March 1995 Contents Executive Summary One Introduction Two Identifiers: Under Development Three Other Industries: Case Study Four Principles for Data Object Identification Five Common Content Classifiers Six What Needs to be Identified? Seven Threats, Opportunities and Action Eight Complexities made Simple Nine Change Takes Time Ten Peak Bodies Eleven Outcomes Twelve Conclusions 0 1995 Douglas Amati B STM 4 March 1995 Information Identification: Executive Summary The Opportunities The economic value and strategic importance of intellectual property (IP) is growing rapidly llf IP is being traded more frequently in digital, networked environments @ A substantial giobal market exists for valuable IP delivered via networked digital devices Rapid, low cost, interactive access to these assets would be a boon to users tl Exploitation of this market provides growth opportunities for IP rights (IPR) owners as well as for suppliers of networks and digital devices An open market in IP assets would potentially add value to the portfolios of all participants Solutions enabling cost effective dynamic licensing offer the most promise r Networked digital devices facilitatesimple, quick, cheap reproduction of valuable IP assets Existing solutions provide limited protection for IPR owners Existing standards do not support licensing of data objects smaller than a complete work Proprietary identification,security and trading of IPR based assets is expensive Proprietary solutions do not allow open network trade in IP assets No effective means exist to identify unlicensed uses of IPR in open networked environments IPR owners have good reason to be concerned about losing control of their assets in this domain w They are naturally reluctant to license use of their 1P without adequate protection Action Standardize technological solutions for identifying, securing and trading IP assets Design dynamic functional iicense management specifications around common framework Within the architectural framework provide an adequate environment for IP use management Agree standards that: - enable automated dynamic licensing of uses of data objects from mixed sources - take account of the multilingual, multiformat, global nature of the marketplace Develop identification tools that enable rapid, cost effective links to rights management systems Construct a common IP rights data model for use by IPR owners and rights management organizations As far as is possible, codify and strengthen the existing legal framework Set maximization of value, distribution efficiency, interoperability and open trade in IPR based assets as the goals of the standardization process These standards should be agreed on a pre-competitive basis Content, network and digital device suppliers should participate in the standards process Representative international associations should be involved, where possible and appropriate B Open lines of communication should be maintained with other market and public stakeholders Internationalstandardization agenciesshouldbe involved 0 1995 Douglas Armdi 8, STM 5 March 1995 Information Identification: Executive Summary - active development of identification schemes is underway in many industries - many projects assume unifying scheme will emerge - pilot projects generally use bespoke or existing industry based identification systems ,) widespread commercial use of this approach will lead to "Tower of Babel" in open markets - crucial data object granularity issues not addressed i) pilot projects are using file/document level identification and management only ~r Information - Universal Data Identification (UDID) (see Appendices 6 & 7) codes should ideally be used in all informafion distribution transactions involving reporting to or dealing with external third parties - Information distribution technologies will only develop from highly bounded proprietary systems to relatively boundless standard open systems when automatic rights control can be exercised N Suitably designed UDID codes will provide the hooks to enable such systems to be built - flexible, granular (sub-file level) data object identification - identification to survive )) movement of data from one operating system to another )) movement of data from one application to another 1) movement of data between different networks )) expression of data in different hardware systems n less than ideal network and storage environmental conditions - real time identification of rights in a particular data object )r enabling differential pricing in different global markets without leakage to higher priced markets )r enabling national treatment according to iocal cultural and legal norms >) ensures neutral or poxitive influence as tool in world intellectual property trade policy - real time differentiation between master data object and individual expressions of whole or parts of it )) this implies inbuilt replication control systems - real time, trivial cost, locally generated data object encoding systems - privacy not compromised - codification of licensing agreement terms required for automation of rights management systems H this is necessary to enable real time open network rights management - legal 1) matching identification and transaction technologies to differing legal regimes - time t) leakage minimized by decisive harmonious action )) change will take time to encode valuable back catalogue for all content owners to adopt standard coding system for all computer and communications wares vendors to adopt open standard * to build supporting rights