Italy - the Sorrento Peninsula

Italy - The Sorrento Peninsula

Naturetrek Tour Report 14 – 23 April 2010

Hazel Dormouse - Muscardinus avellanarius Orchis pauciflora

Naturetrek Group 2010 Lunar Double-stripe Moth

Report and images compiled by Paul Harmes and Dave Nevitt

Naturetrek Cheriton Mill Cheriton Alresford Hampshire SO24 England 0NG T: +44 (0)1962 733051 F: +44 (0)1962 736426 E: [email protected] W: www.naturetrek.co.uk

Tour Report Italy - The Sorrento Peninsula

Tour Leaders: Paul Harmes (Naturetrek Botanist) Dave Nevitt (Naturetrek Ornithologist)

Participants: Barbara Bowden Cathy Brown Sara Corall Lorraine Ellison Richard Ellison Marylin Kavanagh Bill Kavanagh Ann Le Sage-Crinland John Matthews Jennifer Rae Kim Taylor Barbara Vickers Penny Waite Dennis Waite Janet Wickham Paul Wickham

Day 1 Wednesday 14th April

Fine warm and sunny with some cloud Sixteen tour members met with Paul and Dave at Gatwick Airport's North Terminal for our British Airways flight to Naples. After arriving in the city we soon collected our luggage and made our way into the arrivals hall. Here, Paul and Dave completed the formalities for hiring of the mini-buses, before we set off for the shuttle to take us to the parking area.

Once the vehicles were loaded, we set off for Sorrento where our route took us past the imposing Mount Vesuvius on our left and the beautiful Bay of Naples on the right. We left the motorway at Castellmare di Stabia, and turned onto the busy, but scenic coastal road, entering the first of three long tunnels which cut through the mountain. Emerging, we were soon enjoying the views of the Bay of Sorrento, including the islands of Capri and Ischia, and the rugged coastline.

We made a short roadside stop at the Punta Gradelle, over-looking Meta di Sorrento, Santa Agnello and Sorrento. Here, we saw Euphorbia dendroides (Tree Spurge), Antirrhinum siculum (a Snapdragon) and Erodium malacoides (Mallow-leaved Stork's-bill). Overhead were Yellow-legged Gulls, Raven, a posse of Alpine Swifts and a Black Redstart.

Continuing on through the busy evening traffic, we soon arrived at the Hotel Dania, our base for the week. We were welcomed by our host, Annamaria, who quickly settled us into our rooms. We met again at 19-00hrs, when Paul and Dave outlined the week’s itinerary, before sitting down to dinner.

Italy - The Sorrento Peninsula Tour Report

Day 2 Thursday 15th April

Cloudy with light rain, heavy at times. Becoming brighter later An early, pre-breakfast walk in the vicinity of the hotel produced several Serin, a singing Nightingale, a purring Turtle Dove and northward migrating Marsh Harrier and Honey Buzzard. Today we travelled the relatively short distance south of Capo to the town of Termini, where we parked the vehicles. Our plan was to walk the track from the town to the old lighthouse at Punta Campanella. The Mediterranean flora was very much in evidence here, and it was not long before we were beginning to identify an array of species. The early part of the track near the town, descended through olive groves, market gardens and woodland, and then into more open “Garrigue” scrubland nearer the lighthouse. An early sighting was an obliging Wood Warbler, which was feeding in a large Populus x canadensis (Hybrid Black Poplar). Whilst watching it one of the group members spotted some movement in a small Elm tree. This turned out to be a Hazel Dormouse, a first for many of us.

A little further on we found the endemic Lithodora rosmarinifolium (Rosemary-leaved Gromwell) and very close by we found Ophrys araneola (an Early Spider Orchid) and Orchis italica (Naked Man Orchid). Between the showers, it soon became obvious that there was a considerable bird migration going on. Fair weather in North Africa had encouraged migrants to set off, then a static frontal system directly above us with associated rain caused them to temporarily stop on the land - Woodchat Shrike, Subalpine Warblers, Whitethroats and Pied Flycatchers were soon spotted amongst the small fields, as well as a putative Semi-collared Flycatcher. With regard to botanical interest, the Pea family was particularly well represented, with Trifolium stellatum (Starry Clover), Lotus creticus (Southern Bird’s-foot Trefoil), Anthyllis barba-jovis (Jupiter's Beard), Lathyrus clymenum, Tetragonolobus purpureus (Asparagus Pea), Coronilla scorpioides (Annual Scorpion Vetch) and Coronilla valentina subsp. glauca (Scorpion Senna) all recorded. We also had some brief sightings of Bottle-nosed Dolphins moving majestically along the lower face of the cliffs.

While enjoying our picnic lunch at the old lighthouse, we saw Alpine Swifts before heavy rain brought down many Ashy-headed Wagtails, Tree Pipits and several Northern Wheatears. As we began to retrace our steps, we found Plantago arenaria (Branched Plantain) and Pyrus amygdaloides (Almond-leaved Pear). By now the rain began to ease off, and the migrant birdlife started to feed and show itself. This was a truly special day as every bush seemed to have a flycatcher or warbler in it, resulting in totals of 30 Pied Flycatcher, 2 Collared Flycatcher, 10 Whinchat, 4 Common Redstart, a Spectacled Warbler and 40 Wood Warbler. A newly-arrived exhausted Eleonora’s Falcon was admired by the whole group as it sat on a hilltop bush to dry out. Speckled Wood, Red Admiral and Painted Lady were also seen in the sun. When we reached Termini, we stopped for well-earned refreshments at a local cafe, before beginning our homeward journey.

Day 3 Friday 16th April

Cloudy and bright with some sunshine After breakfast we were soon heading northeast through Sorrento and on up to Seiano, where we turned right and began to climb into the Lattari Mountains. We made our first stop on a roadside just north of the village of Alberi.

2 © Naturetrek July 10

Italy - The Sorrento Peninsula Tour Report

Here we explored the verges and adjacent woodland, finding Aristolochia pallida (a Birthwort), Orchis provincialis (Provence Orchid), Cytisus villosus (Hairy Broom) and Orchis intacta (Dense-flowered Orchid). Serin, Italian House Sparrow and several soaring Common Buzzards were recorded and a Lesser Spotted Woodpecker sang from the olive groves.

Continuing up through the villages of Alora and Prezzano, we reached Moiana. Here we turned right and began to climb more steeply towards Monte Faito, our destination for the day. This is one of the summits which dominate the Latteri range, over 1200m high. From here we had stunning views across the Bay of Naples to Vesuvius. On the drive up, a Rufous-tailed Rock Thrush flew across the road but sadly did not stay around to be admired. Our walk took us on a gentle incline through open rocky grassland and Pinus nigra subsp. nigra (Black Pine) / Alnus incana (Italian Alder) open woodland.

As a result of its altitude, Mt Faito has a very alpine feel to it, and the flora confirms this. Scilla bifolia (Alpine Squill), Crocus vernus (Spring Crocus) and Arabis caucasicus subsp. alpinus (Alpine Rock-cress) were all present. Birds included several very obliging Marsh Tits, 30 Alpine Swifts, Pied Flycatcher, another Eleonora's Falcon and a passing Black Kite. Firecrests were singing all around us but were frustratingly difficult to see. Orange-tip Butterflies were also present. The path, which leads to the church of St. Michele, took us past a splendid rocky outcrop overlooking the valley below. Here we set up our picnic. Along the way we added the very attractive endemic Viola eugeniae (a Violet) and carpets of delicate blue or white Anemone apennina (Blue Anemone). Marylin was very fortunate to come face-to-face with a resting Quail just a few feet from the path.

After lunch, we turned around and made our way back along the ridge the way that we had come, noting some more good plants including Hornungia petraea (Hutchensia), and many plants of Helleborus foetidus (Stinking Hellebore). A Pied Flycatcher entertained us with its food gathering antics, before we rejoined our vehicles. We dropped down to a local restaurant for afternoon refreshments. At this point a dark phase Booted Eagle was spotted as we enjoyed our drinks and ice-creams and up to five Italian Wall Lizards kept us entertained with their hide-and-seek antics. Some two hundred metres below this point we made a short stop to see Orchis pauciflora (Sparse-flowered Orchid), Euphorbia spinosa (Spiny Spurge), and Orchis papilionacea (Pink Butterfly Orchid). We were also lucky enough to add Peregrine Falcon, Lesser Kestrel and a splendid pair of Lanner Falcon as well as Wall Brown and Clouded Yellow Butterflies.

From here we began our return journey back to the hotel, but not before we made a last roadside stop between Moiana and Prezzano where we found Cyclamen repandum (Spring Sowbread), Arabis rosea (Pink Rock-cress) and Symphytum bulbosum (Bulbous Comfrey).

Day 4 Saturday 17th April

Fine and bright with some Cloud After breakfast we were soon heading north for a morning visit to the extensive ruins of the Roman city of Pompeii, situated ominously beneath Mount Vesuvius, which had destroyed it in the eruption of 79AD. After parking the buses, we made our way to the entrance where, to our surprise, entrance was free for this week only. Maps and guides were obtained before we set off.

Italy - The Sorrento Peninsula Tour Report

All group members made their own way around the archaeological site, reporting a number of species of birds and plants. These included Tree Sparrows, several Hoopoes, Greenfinch, Hooded Crows and the omnipresent Serins and Sardinian Warblers. A particular botanical highlight for several members was the splendid display of Serapias lingua (Tongue Orchid) on a grass bank in the amphitheatre.

From Pompei, we took the road towards Naples and after a short distance turned off onto the road into the Vesuvius National Park and the steep winding ascent that goes almost to the top of this awesome volcano. We stopped in a lay-by in order to take our picnic in an area of colonised lava where there were many lovely blooms of Orchis papilionacea (Pink Butterfly Orchid) as well as Orchis morio (Green-winged Orchid) together with Vicia villosa (Fodder vetch), Lupinus angustifolius (Narrow-leaved Lupin), Petrorhagia velutina (a Pink) and Asplenium trichomanes (Maidenhair Spleenwort). Wall Brown, Green Underside Blue and Eastern Dappled White Butterflies were identified, and bird interest was provided by a splendid male Collared Flycatcher, Spotted Flycatcher and several Lesser Kestrels.

Following our picnic, we drove on up the mountain, reaching the summit car park. We then walked up the steep path to the crater where at one or two spots some steam was lazily drifting up into the air. We were also rewarded with fantastic views of the Sorrento Peninsula and the island of Capri. Even in this harsh environment there was life – a Rock Partridge called and three male Black Redstarts sang from within the crater itself, Common Swifts hunted overhead and a Red Admiral Butterfly paused briefly on its journey. A single Raven and a solitary Kestrel were reported and plants were just as scarce, Rumex scutatus (French Sorrel) was seen, and the endemic lichen Stereocaulon vesuvianum, which gradually, over time, will help break the rock down so that vascular plants can grab a foothold. Genista aetnensis (Mt Etna Broom) was also scattered across the mountainside. From here we made our way back to Sorrento.

Day 5 Sunday 18th April

Light rain and mist at first, becoming brighter before heavy rain later Leaving the hotel after breakfast, we drove in the direction of Sant Agata; as we went the rain became steadily heavier. Our objective today was the splendid Amalfi coastal road to the lovely little town of Positano. Although it was still raining when we reached the coast, we could enjoy some dramatic views of the mountains and sea cliffs, with the road clinging to their sides. Paul and Dave parked the mini-buses in a lay-by, where we distributed the lunch and dressed in our waterproofs, as we were all expecting the weather to continue wet, although it was much lighter rain when we set off. As we began the steep early climb we soon found Ophrys exaltata (Sicilian Spider Orchid) and Arisarum vulgare (Friars Cowl). It was not long, however, before we were removing our wet weather gear, as the rain stopped and the sun put in an appearance, and with it, the butterflies. Wall Brown, Green Underside Blue and Clouded Yellow were all seen. The arrival of the sun also saw the appearance of several Italian Wall Lizards.

We climbed slowly up through oak and pine based woodland, passing emerging Cistus creticus (a Pink Cistus) and Cistus salvifolius (Sage-leaved Cistus). There was also Hippocrepis scorpioides (Scorpion Senna), Teucrium fruticans (Shrubby Germander) and Fumana thymifolia (Thyme-leaved Fumana). Many members of the group were pleased to get good views of Firecrest after their elusiveness earlier in the trip. Sardinian Warbler, Wood Warbler and the usual Yellow-legged Gulls were also present.

4 © Naturetrek July 10

Italy - The Sorrento Peninsula Tour Report

As were emerged from the woodland into more open scrub, other butterflies began to appear, Holly Blue and Green Underside Blue among them. Stopping to admire a fine stand of Orchis papilionacea (Pink Butterfly Orchid) gave the birders an opportunity to scan a towering cliff, finding Peregrine Falcon, Goshawk, Chough and Blue Rock Thrush. We took our picnic with stunning views in several directions, giving us a fantastic vista of the Amalfi Coast. At this point however, the rain returned, and set in for the rest of the day.

Continuing on up, the path levelled out under a cliff with Thymelaea tartonraira (a Thymelaea), Colutea arborescens (Bladder Senna) and another splendid show of Orchis italica (Naked Man Orchid) and Orchis papilionacea (Pink Butterfly Orchid). Alpine Swift, Willow Warbler and Yellowhammer were also recorded. Descending through more Oak woodland, we emerged, via some more steep steps, just outside Positano. On the way we saw Orchis anthropophora (Man Orchid), Cyclamen repandum (Spring Sowbread) and Cephalanthera longifolia (Sword-leaved Helleborine). From here we walked into the town to take some well earned and much needed refreshments in the famous 'Bar Internationale'. After coffee and cake, Dave and Paul went to retrieve the vehicles. Driving back along the coast towards Sorrento, we made a stop at one of the local fruit stalls, where several members of the group purchased items including the huge lemons the size of melons that are such a feature of the citrus orchards in the area.

Day 6 Monday 19th April

Fine warm and sunny, with low cloud at altitude After an early morning Osprey, seen from our breakfast table heading north, we left the hotel today in good time to drive into Sorrento and down to the Marina Piccola, parking the minibuses at the port. Paul went to buy our tickets for the boat over to the beautiful island of Capri, whilst Dave distributed the picnic among us. We soon boarded the 08-45hrs ferry for the twenty-five minute journey over to the island. We travelled on the open rear deck of the 'Super Flyte' in the hope of seeing some sea birds, but we only managed Yellow-legged Gull.

Upon our arrival on Capri we needed to acquire joint travel tickets for the funicular railway, which took us up the hill to the bus station, where we then transferred to one of the little buses that connect Capri town with Anacapri, the other main town here. The route the bus takes hugs the cliff side, with a long drop below. As the train slowly rose out of the port, a Hoopoe was spotted in a garden and, when we reached the town, Raven and a pair of Peregrine were seen in the distance.

At Anacapri we began the walk to the top of Monte Solaro, which, at 587 metres, is the highest point of the island. Setting off in bright sunshine, we began to find things of interest. Masses of Orchis italica (Naked Man Orchid) and a few Orchis papilionacea (Pink Butterfly Orchid) were seen and, some wonderful views below and out to sea. It was not long before we were hearing Nightingales and getting views of Whitethroat, Subalpine Warbler, two Spectacled Warblers and Zitting Cisticolas, with a fleeting glimpse of Pied Flycatcher. Ranunculus paludosus (Jersey Buttercup) and Brassica oleraceus subsp. robertiana (a Wild Cabbage) were also added. When we reached Monte Solaro, we took our picnic overlooking some Cistus creticus (a Pink Cistus) and Spartium junceum (Spanish Broom) scrub. Low cloud was passing us and a number of migrant birds were dropping in to feed. These included four splendid male Whinchats, both Common and Black Redstarts, 6 Tree Pipits and many Pied Flycatchers. Around our feet Evax pygmaea (Evax) and Erodium malacoides (Mallow-leaved Stork's-bill were also found.

Italy - The Sorrento Peninsula Tour Report

It was now time to retrace our steps gradually down through the Pinus nigra subsp. nigra (Black Pine) woodland and scrub towards Anacapri. Some of the group elected to walk down, others chose to take the chairlift. When we reached the town, we made our way to a restaurant for refreshments before getting the bus and the funicular back to Capri harbour, to catch the 16-20hrs ferry back to Sorrento. Two Sandwich Terns provided interest on the return sea crossing.

Day 7 Tuesday 20th April

Cloudy with intermittent rain early on, becoming heavier in the afternoon The day started well with an early morning bird walk from the hotel producing a singing Melodious Warbler, two Short-toed Treecreepers, three passing Bee-eaters and a Black Kite. After breakfast, we returned to the clifftop village of Termini. On the way we parked in a car park opposite a supermarket, where Paul went off to shop for our picnic, and Dave scanned the olive groves below looking for birds. However, it was other species that caught our eye. These included a pair of Moorish Geckos, the ubiquitous Italian Wall Lizard and a splendid Long-horn Beetle (Morimus funereus).

Shopping done, we continued on to Termini, where we once again parked just outside the village. Dave took the birders to revisit the market gardens, olive groves and vineyards to seek out any newly arrived migrants. Meanwhile, Paul took the botanists on a walk up through the outskirts of the village, examining the verges and fields as we went. It was not long before the birders were seeing Spotted Flycatchers and a probable Semi- collared Flycatcher although the latter are notoriously difficult to identify in female plumage. The group were able to compare the plentiful Wood Warblers with an influx of Willow Warblers. Overhead, raptors were on the move in the sunshine with juvenile Short-toed Eagle, Common and Honey Buzzard and two Lanners noted. On the lane banks above Termini, the botanists were soon finding Tordylium apulum (Masterwort), Muscari comosum (Tassel Hyacinth), Allium subhirsutum (Hairy Garlic) and Glebionis segetum (Corn Marigold). In addition we also added Holly Blue, Brimstone and Swallowtail Butterflies, as well as Egyptian Grasshopper and the pollen eating Chafer, Oxytherea funesta. When the two groups rejoined, we drove a short way to a splendid picnic site just to the east of village, and set up our lunch. During our stop we added the Ground Beetle (Hister 4-maculatus), and had fine views of Tree Pipit, several Hoopoes, Western Bonelli's Warbler and Short-toed Treecreeper.

After lunch we drove down to the village of Nerano to the seaside village of Mareina di Catone. We parked the buses in the car park of the campsite, and set off to walk the coastal path towards Recommone and back. This rocky path proved rewarding with Hedysarum spinosissimum (Spiny Sainfoin), Myrtis communis (Myrtle), Bitumaria bituminosa (Pitch Trefoil), Onobrychis caput-galli (Cockscomb Sainfoin), Onobrychis aequidentata (a Sainfoin), Ceratonia siliqua (Carob) and the occasional Gladiolus italicus (Gladiolus). Swallow and Willow Warbler we very much in evidence and we located a Peregrine Falcon on the cliffs above Recommone. We also identified a migrating Steppe Buzzard, circling lazily over the hills. However, despite much scanning of the sea, additional birds were not forthcoming, other than the ubiquitous Yellow-legged Gulls. We also added Lonicera etrusca (Etruscan Honeysuckle) to the plant list.

Arriving back at the minibus, we set off back to the hotel to prepare for our homeward journey.

6 © Naturetrek July 10

Italy - The Sorrento Peninsula Tour Report

N.B: During our stay on the Sorrento Peninsula, we had become aware, through contacts in the UK and TV news channels, that a volcano in Iceland, Eyjafjallajoekull, had begun erupting, sending thousands of tonnes of ash into the atmosphere. This ash, and its location, had caused major disruption to airline services in northern Europe, and there was serious doubt as to whether our return flight would depart. In consultation with the Naturetrek office, Paul and Dave presented the group with an alternative strategy for getting us home and this was agreed by all members of the group.

Day 8 Wednesday 21st April

Bright sunny and warm In order to get everyone home inside two days, we needed to leave our hotel at 03-30hrs in the morning for the four hour drive from Sorrento to Rome airport, where we were to rendezvous with another independent tour operator's group. Stopping only for fuel and a comfort stop we made good progress to the Rome ring road. We made the connection with the other group and boarded the coach, which was bound for the Channel port of Calais, and set off at 09-00hrs. Our journey north was pleasant, and we made good progress, stopping at motorway service areas for refreshments. We arrived at our overnight accommodation at Lugano, on the shores of Lake Lucerne, at about 20-00hrs.

Day 9 Thursday 22nd April

Bright sunny and warm Following a 06-00hrs breakfast, we boarded our coach once again, and continued our journey north and westwards, reaching Calais by 17-00hrs. When we arrived in Dover, the coach stopped at the Folkstone Service area, and those members of the group with cars at Gatwick transferred to a minibus which took them to Gatwick, whilst the rest of the group continued on to Victoria Coach Station.

Receive our e-newsletter

Join the Naturetrek e-mailing list and be the first to hear about new tours, additional departures and new dates, tour reports and special offers. Visit www.naturetrek.co.uk to sign up.

Naturetrek Facebook

We are delighted to launch the Naturetrek Facebook page so that participants of Naturetrek tours can remain in touch after the holiday and share photos, comments and future travel plans.

Setting up a personal profile at www.facebook.com is quick, free and easy. The Naturetrek Facebook page is now live; do please pay us a visit!

Italy - The Sorrento Peninsula Tour Report

Species Lists

Plants Scientific name Common name Location

LICHENS Stereocaulon vesuvianum Mount Vesuvius Lichen Mount Vesuvius

PTERIDOPHYTES FERNS & ALLIES

Selaginellaceae Lesser Clubmoss Family Selaginella denticulata Mediterranean Clubmoss Path to Punta Campanella

Adiantaceae Maidenhair Fern Family Adiantum capillus-veneris Maidenhair Fern Capo Anogramma leptophylla Jersey Fern Path to Punta Campanella Cheilanthes maderensis Resurrection Fern Above Positano

Aspleniaceae Spleenwort family Asplenium adiantum-nigrum Black Spleenwort Lower slopes of Mount Vesuvius Asplenium onopteris Irish Spleenwort Above Positano Asplenium ruta-muraria Wall Rue Path to Punta Campanella Asplenium trichomanes Maidenhair Spleenwort Monte Faito Ceterach officinarum Rustyback Path to Punta Campanella

Dennstaeditiaceae Bracken Family Pteridium aquilinum Bracken Path to Punta Campanella

Dryopteridaceae Buckler Fern Family Dryopteris filix-mas Male Fern Above Positano

Polypodiaceae Polypodium Family Polypodium cambricum Southern Polypody Path to Punta Campanella Polypodium interjectum Intermediate Polypody Path to Punta Campanella

Woodsiaceae Lady-fern Family Athyrium filix-femina Lady Fern Path to Punta Campanella Cystopteris fragilis Brittle Bladder-fern Monte Faito

PINOPSIDA (GYMNOSPERMS) FLOWERING PLANTS

Cupressaceae Juniper Family Cupressus sempervirens Italian Cypress Above Positano Juniperus communis Common Juniper Above Positano Juniperus phoenicea Phoenician Juniper Path to Punta Campanella

Pinaceae Pine Family Pinus halapensis Aleppo Pine Below Monte Faito Pinus nigra subsp. nigra Black Pine Monte Faito Pinus pinaster Maritime Pine Lower slopes of Mount Vesuvius Pinus pinea Umbrella or Stone Pine Common

8 © Naturetrek July 10

Italy - The Sorrento Peninsula Tour Report

Scientific name Common name Location

MAGNOLIOPSIDA (ANGIOSPERMS) FLOWERING PLANTS

Magnoliidae (Dicotyledons)

Acanthaceae Bear’s-breech Family Acanthus mollis Bear’s-breech Pompeii

Aceraceae Maple Family Acer pseudoplatanus Sycamore Monte Faito

Aizoaceae Dewplant Family Carpobrotus acinaciformis Sally-my-handsome Villa di Pollio Felice

Anacardiaceae Sumach Family Pistacia lentiscus Mastic Tree Path to Punta Campanella

Apiaceae Carrot Family Crithmum maritimum Rock Samphire Path to Punta Campanella Daucus carota Wild Carrot Path to Punta Campanella Daucus muricatus A Carrot Above Positano Elaeoselinum asclepium Elaeoselinum (leaves) Above Positano Eryngium campestre Field Eryngo (seedheads) Above Positano Ferula communis Giant Fennel Punta Gradelle, Meta Foeniculum vulgare Fennel Path to Punta Campanella Oenanthe globulosa Mediterranean Water Dropwort Path to Recommone Scandix pecten-veneris Shepherd's-needle Path to Punta Campanella Smyrnium olusatrum Alexanders Path to Punta Campanella Tordylium apulum Tordylium Path to Punta Campanella

Apocynaceae Periwinkle Family Vinca major Greater Periwinkle Path to Punta Campanella

Aralaceae Ivy Family Hedera helix agg. Ivy Path to Punta Campanella

Aristolochiaceae Birthwort Family Aristolochia pallida A Birthwort Above Alberi

Asteraceae Daisy Family Anthemis chia - Path to Punta Campanella Arctium minus agg. Lesser Burdock Monte Faito Bellis perennis Daisy Above Alberi Bellis sylvestris Southern Daisy Monte Faito Calendula arvensis Field Marigold Below Monte Faito Carduus crispus Welted Thistle Termini Carduus pycnocephalis Plymouth Thistle Path to Punta Campanella Centaurea cinerea* a Knapweed Path to Punta Campanella Cirsium eriophorum (leaves) Woolly Thistle Monte Faito Conyza bonariensis Argentine Fleabane Monte Faito Crepis capillaris Smooth Hawk’s-beard Above Alberi

Italy - The Sorrento Peninsula Tour Report

Scientific name Common name Location

Crupina crupinastrum Crupina Above Positano Dittrichia graveolens Stink Aster Common Doronicum columnae Heart-leaved Leopard’s-bane Monte Faito Erigeron karvinskianus Mexican Fleabane Common on walls Evax pygmaea Evax Monte Solaro, Capri Galactites tomentosa Galactites Path to Punta Campanella Glebionis (Chrysanthemum) segetum Corn Marigold Path to Punta Campanella Helichrysum italicum Italian Everlasting Path to Punta Campanella Helichrysum stoechas Curry Plant Lower slopes of Mount Vesuvius Hyoseris radiata Hyoseris Monte Faito Hypocaeris glabra Smooth Cat’s-ear Lower slopes of Mount Vesuvius Matricaria recutita Scented Mayweed Monte Solaro, Capri Pallenis spinosa Pallenis Path to Punta Campanella Phagnalon rupestre Phagnalon Path to Punta Campanella Picris hieracioides (Leaves) Hawkweed Ox-tongue Path to Punta Campanella Rhagadiolus stellatus Rhagadiolus Above Positano Santolina chamaecyparissus Lavender Cotton (leaves) Below Monte Faito Senecio vulgaris Groundsel Monte Faito Sonchus asper Prickly Sowthistle Path to Punta Campanella Sonchus oleraceus Smooth Sow-thistle Anacapri Urospermum delechampii Urospermum Path to Punta Campanella Urospermum picroides a Urospermum Path to Punta Campanella

Betulaceae Birch Family Alnus incana Italian Alder Monte Faito Ostrya carpinifolia Hop Hornbeam Above Positano

Boraginaceae Borage Family Anchusa undulata ssp hybrida - A3 Autostrada verge Borago officinalis Borage Path to Punta Campanella Cerinthe major Greater Honeywort Above Alberi Echium parviflorum Small-flowered Viper's-bugloss Path to Punta Campanella Echium plantagineum Purple Viper’s-bugloss Path to Punta Campanella Echium vulgare Viper's-bugloss Above Positano Lithodora rosmarinifolium Rosemary-leaved Gromwell Path to Punta Campanella Myosotis ramosissima Early Forget-me-not Path to Punta Campanella Symphytum bulbosum Bulbous Comfrey Near Arola

Brasicaceae Cabbage Family Aethionema saxatile Burnt Candytuft Below Monte Faito Alliaria petiolata Garlic Mustard Monte Faito Arabidopsis thaliana Thale Cress Lower slopes of Mount Vesuvius Arabis caucasica subsp. alpina Alpine Rock-cress Monte Faito Arabis rosea Pink Rock-cress Above Alberi Arabis turrita Tower-cress Path to Punta Campanella Arabis verna Spring Rock-cress Monte Faito Brassica oleracea subsp. robertiana Wild Cabbage Above Positano Calpina irregularis White Ball Mustard Path to Punta Campanella Capsella bursa-pastoris Shepherd's-purse Path to Punta Campanella Cardamine hirsuta Hairy Bitter-cress Monte Faito

10 © Naturetrek July 10

Italy - The Sorrento Peninsula Tour Report

Scientific name Common name Location

Cardamine resedifolia A Bitter-cress Monte Faito Coronopus didymus Lesser Swine-cress Car Hire compound, Naples Draba muralis Wall Whitlow-grass Above Alberi Erophila verna Common Whitlow-grass Monte Faito Hornungia petraea Hutchinsia Monte Faito Iberis prutii A Candytuft Above Positano Lepidium draba Hoary Cress Path to Punta Campanella Lobularia maritima Sweet Alyssum Above Positano Lunaria annua Honesty Above Sorrento Matthiola incana Wild Stock Path to Punta Campanella Raphanus raphanistrum subsp. raphanistrum Wild Radish Path to Punta Campanella Sinapis arvensis Charlock Path to Punta Campanella Sisymbrium officinale Hedge Mustard Common

Cactaceae Cactus family Opuntia ficus-indica Prickly Pear Naturalised on cliffs

Campanulaceae Bellflower Family Campanula erinus Annual Bellflower Pompeii

Caprifoliaceae Honeysuckle Family Lonicera etrusca Honeysuckle Path to Recommone Sambucus nigra Elder Path to Punta Campanella

Caryophyllaceae Pink Family Cerastium arvense Field Mouse-ear Above Alberi Cerastium fontanum Common Mouse-ear Above Positano Cerastium glomeratum Sticky Mouse-ear Path to Punta Campanella Cerastium semidecandrum Little Mouse-ear Monte Faito Moehringia trinervia Three-nerved Sandwort Lower slopes of Vesuvius Petrorhagia saxifraga Tunic Flower Above Positano Petrorhagia velutina A Pink Lower slopes of Vesuvius Polycarpon tetraphyllum Four-leaved Allseed Anacapri Sagina procumbens Procumbent Pearlwort Anacapri Silene gallica Small-flowered Catchfly Path to Punta Campanella Silene italica Italian Catchfly Above Alberi Silene latifolia White Campion Path to Punta Campanella Silene serica A Catchfly Above Positano Silene vulgaris Bladder Campion Path to Punta Campanella Stellaria media Common Chickweed Path to Punta Campanella Stellaria nemorum Wood Chickweed Monte Faito

Chenopodiaceae Goosefoot Family Atriplex halimus Shrubby Orache Path to Punta Campanella

Cistaceae Cistus Family Cistus creticus Pink Cistus Above Positano Cistus ladanifer Gum Cistus Path to Punta Campanella Cistus salvifolius Sage-leaved Cistus Above Positano Fumana arabica Arabian Fumana Above Positano

Italy - The Sorrento Peninsula Tour Report

Scientific name Common name Location

Fumana ericoides a Fumana Above Positano Helianthemum nummularium Common Rockrose Monte Faito

Convolvulaceae Bindweed Family Calystegia sepium Large Bindweed Path to Recommone Convolvulus althaeoides ssp tenuissimus Mallow-leaved Convolvulus Path to Punta Campanella Convolvulus arvensis Field Bindweed Path to Punta Campanella Convolvulus cneorum Silvery Convolvulus Above Positano Ipomoea purpurea (leaves) Purple Morning Glory Termini

Cornaceae Dogwood Family Cornus sanguinea Dogwood Above Positano

Crassulaceae Stonecrop Family Sedum dasyphyllum Thick-leaved Stonecrop Above Positano Sedum sediforme (leaves) a Stonecrop Lower slopes of Vesuvius Umbilicus rupestris Wall Pennywort Path to Punta Campanella

Ericaceae Heather Family Arbutus unedo Strawberry Tree Above Positano Erica arborea Tree Heather Path to Punta Campanella

Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia Family Euphorbia amygdaloides Wood Spurge Above Positano Euprorbia characias subsp. characias Large Mediterranean Spurge Path to Punta Campanella Euphorbia dendroides Tree Spurge Punta Gradelle, Meta Euphorbia helioscopia Sun Spurge Path to Punta Campanella Euphorbia peplus Petty Spurge Path to Punta Campanella Euphorbia spinosa Spiny Spurge Below Monte Faito Mercurialis annua Annual Mercury Path to Punta Campanella

Fabaceae Pea Family Anthyllis barba-jovis Jupiter's Beard Path to Punta Campanella Anthyllis tetraphylla Bladder Vetch Path to Punta Campanella Anthyllis vulneraria subsp praepropera Mediterranean Kidney Vetch Path to Punta Campanella Bitumaria bituminosa Pitch Trefoil Path to Punta Campanella Calycotome villosa Hairy Thorny Broom Path to Punta Campanella Ceratonia siliqua Carob or Locust Tree Path to Punta Campanella Cercis siliquastrum Judas Tree Planted Chamaecytisus hirsutus Hairy Broom Above Positano Colutea arborescens Bladder Senna Above Positano Coronilla scorpiodes Annual Scorpion Vetch Path to Punta Campanella Coronilla valentina subsp. glauca a shrubby Scorpion Vetch Path to Punta Campanella Cytisus villosus A Broom Path to Punta Campanella Genista aetnensis Mt Etna Broom (not in flower) Vesuvius Hippocrepis (Coronilla) emerus Scorpion Senna Common Hedysarum spinossisimum Spiny Sainfoin Path to Recommone Lathyrus clymenum - Path to Punta Campanella Lathyrus setifolius - Above Positano Lathyrus vernus Spring Pea Above Alberi

12 © Naturetrek July 10

Italy - The Sorrento Peninsula Tour Report

Scientific name Common name Location

Lotus edulis Edible Lotus Path to Punta Campanella Lotus creticus Southern Birds-foot Trefoil Path to Punta Campanella Lotus ornithopodiodes A Bird’s-foot Trefoil Path to Punta Campanella Lupinus angustifolius Narrow-leaved Lupin Above Positano Medicago arabica Spotted Medick Path to Punta Campanella Medicago minima Bur Medick Path to Punta Campanella Medicago orbicularis Disc Medick Path to Punta Campanella Medicago polymorpha Toothed Medick Monte Solaro, Capri Melilotus indicus Small Melilot Path to Punta Campanella Melilotus italicus - Path to Punta Campanella Onobrychis aequidentata a Sainfoin Path to Recommone Onobrychis caput-galli Cockscomb Sainfoin Path to Recommone Ornithopus compressus A Bird’s-foot Lower slopes of Vesuvius Robinia pseudacacia False Acacia Capo Spartium junceum Spanish Broom Common Tetragonolobus purpureus Asparagus Pea Path to Punta Campanella Trifolium campestre Hop Trefoil Lower slopes of Vesuvius Trifolium repens White Clover Lower slopes of Vesuvius Trifolium scabrum Rough Clover Lower slopes of Vesuvius Trifolium stellatum Starry Clover Path to Punta Campanella Trifolium subterraneum Burrowing Clover Path to Punta Campanella Trigonella corniculata Fenugreek Lower slopes of Vesuvius Vicia bithynica Bithynian Vetch Path to Punta Campanella Vicia hirsuta Hairy Tare Capo Vicia narbonensis - Above Alberi Vicia ochroleuca a Vetch Above Positano Vicia sativa ssp sativa Common Vetch Path to Punta Campanella Vicia tetrasperma Smooth Tare Path to Punta Campanella Vicia villosa Fodder Vetch Lower Slopes of Vesuvius

Fagaceae Beech Family Castanea sativa Sweet Chestnut Monte Faito Fagus sylvatica Beech Monte Faito Quercus ilex Holm Oak Path to Punta Campanella Quercus pubescens Downy Oak Path to Punta Campanella

Fumariaceae Fumitory Family Fumaria capreolata Ramping Fumitory Path to Punta Campanella Fumaria muralis subsp. boraei Common Ramping Fumitory Path to Punta Campanella Fumaria officinalis Common Fumitory Above Alberi

Geraniaceae Geranium Family Erodium cicutarium Common Stork's-bill Punta Gradelle, Meta Erodium cicutarium subsp. bipinnatum A Stork’s-bill Punta Gradelle, Meta Erodium malacoides Mallow-leaved Stork's-bill Monte Solaro, Capri Geranium columbinum Long-stalked Crane's-bill Lower Slopes of Vesuvius Geranium dissectum Cut-leaved Crane's-bill Path to Punta Campanella Geranium lucidum Shining Crane's-bill Above Alberi Geranium molle Dove's-foot Crane's-bill Above Positano Geranium purpureum Little Robin Path to Punta Campanella

Italy - The Sorrento Peninsula Tour Report

Scientific name Common name Location

Geranium robertianum Herb Robert Punta Gradelle, Meta Geranium rotundifolium Round-leaved Crane's-bill Path to Punta Campanella

Lamiaceae Dead-nettle Family Ajuga reptans Common Bugle Path to Punta Campanella Lamium amplexicaule Henbit Walls, Capo Lamium bifidum - Monte Faito Lamium purpureum Red Deadnettle Monte Faito Micromeria graeca - Above Positano Origanum vulgare Origano or Marjoram Lower Slopes of Vesuvius Prasium majus Prasium Path to Punta Campanella Rosmarinus officinalis Rosemary Path to Punta Campanella Salvia verbenaca Wild Clary Above Alberi Salvia glutinosa Jupiter’s Distaff Above Positano Satureja hortensis Summer Savory Path to Punta Campanella Sideritis romana - Above Positano Teucrium chamaedrys Wall Germander (leaves) Path to Punta Campanella Teucrium fruticans Shrubby Germander Above Positano Thymus longicaulis Creeping Thyme Above Positano Thymus polytrichis Wild Thyme Monte Faito

Lauraceae Laurel Family Laurus nobilus Bay Tree Above Positano

Linaceae Flax Family Linum bienne Pale Flax Very Common

Malvaceae Mallow Family Lavatera arborea Tree Mallow Path to Punta Campanella Lavatera cretica Small Tree Mallow Path to Punta Campanella Malva sylvestris Common Mallow Punta Gradelle, Meta

Moraceae Fig Family Ficus carica Fig Path to Punta Campanella

Myrtaceae Myrtle family Myrtus communis Common Myrtle Path to Punta Campanella

Oleaceae Olive Family Fraxinus ornus Manna Ash Path to Punta Campanella Ligustrum vulgare Privet Monte Solaro, Capri Olea europaea Olive Sea cliffs near Positano

Orobanchaceae Broomrape Family Orobanche ramosa Branched Broomrape Path to Punta Campanella

Oxalidaceae Oxalis Family Oxalis articulata Pink Sorrel Below Monte Faito Oxalis corniculata Common Yellow Oxalis Termini Oxalis pres-caprae Bermuda Buttercup Very Common

14 © Naturetrek July 10

Italy - The Sorrento Peninsula Tour Report

Scientific name Common name Location

Papaveraceae Poppy Family Chelidonium majus Greater Celandine Roadsides above Capo Papaver dubium subsp. lecoqii Babbington’s Poppy Termini Papaver rhoeas Common Poppy Path to Punta Campanella

Plantaginaceae Plantain Family Plantago arenaria Branched Plantain Path to Punta Campanella Plantago lanceolata Ribwort Plantain Path to Recommone

Platanaceae Plane Tree Family Platanus x hybrida London Plane Street Tree in Sorrento

Polygalaceae Milkwort Family Polygala nicaeensis Nice Milkwort Above Positano

Polygonaceae Dock Family Beta vulgaris subsp. maritima Sea Beet Path to Punta Campanella Rumex bucephalophorus Horned Dock Lower slopes of Vesuvius Rumex crispus Curled Dock Near Arola Rumex scutatus Shield or French Dock Vesuvius

Primulaceae Primrose family Anagallis arvensis (red and blue) Scarlet Pimpernel Path to Punta Campanella Cyclamen repandum Spring Cyclamen Near Arola

Ranunculaceae Buttercup Family Anemone apennina Blue Wood Anemone Monte Faito Anemone pavonina Peacock Anemone Path to Punta Campanella Clematis vitalba Old Man's Beard Path to Punta Campanella Helleborus foetidus Stinking Hellebore Monte Faito Ranunculus acris Meadow Buttercup Path to Recommone Ranunculus ficaria (leaves) Lesser Celandine Above Alberi Ranunculus paludosus Jersey Buttercup Monte Solaro, Capri Ranunculus repens Creeping Buttercup Monte Solaro, Capri

Resedaceae Mignonette Family Reseda alba White Mignonette Path to Punta Campanella

Rhamnaceae Buckthorn Family Rhamnus alaternus Mediterranean Buckthorn Common

Roseaceae Rose Family Crataegus monogyna Hawthorn Path to Punta Campanella Eriobotrya japonica Japanese Loquat Common in Gardens Potentilla sterilis Barren Strawberry Monte Faito Prunus avium Wild Cherry Roadsides Prunus spinosa Blackthorn Roadsides Pyrus amygdaliformis Almond-leaved Pear Path to Punta Campanella Rosa canina Common Dog Rose Path to Punta Campanella Rubus idaeus Raspberry Near Arola

Italy - The Sorrento Peninsula Tour Report

Scientific name Common name Location

Sangiusorba minor Salad Burnet Path to Punta Campanella Sanguisorba verrucosum Mediterranean Burnet Monte Faito

Rubiaceae Bedstraw Family Gallium aparine Goose-grass, Cleavers Common Galium corrudifolium A Bedstraw Pompeii Galium mollugo Hedge Bedstraw Path to Punta Campanella Rubia peregrina Wild Madder Common Sherardia arvensis Field Madder Very Common Valantia hispida - Common on rocks and walls

Ruteaceae Rue Family Citrus limon Lemon Planted Citrus sinensis Orange Planted

Salicaceae Willow Family Populus x canadensis Hybrid Poplar Path to Punta Campanella Salix caprea Goat Willow Path to Punta Campanella

Santalaceae Sandelwood Family Osyris alba Osyris Near Termini

Saxifragaceae Saxifrage Family Saxifraga rotundifolia (in bud) Round-leaved Saxifrage Monte Faito Saxifraga tridactylites Rue-leaved Saxifrage Monte Faito

Scrophulariaceae Figwort Family Antirrhinum majus Common Snapdragon Roadside, Capo Antirrhinum siculum Sicilian Snapdragon Common on rocks and walls Cymbalaria muralis Ivy-leaved Toadflax Punta Gardelle, Meta Linaria purpurea Purple Toadflax Path to Punta Campanella Misopates orontium Weasel's Snout Path to Punta Campanella Scrophularia canina Dog Figwort Lower slopes of Vesuvius Scrophularia peregrina Nettle-leaved Figwort Path to Punta Campanella Verbascum rotundifolium ssp rotundifolium* Round-leaved Mullein Below Monte Faito Verbascum sinuatum (leaves) a Mullein Above Positano Veronica agrestis Green Field Speedwell Pompeii Veronica arvensis Wall Speedwell Pompeii Veronica cymbalaria Cymbalaria-leaved Speedwell Path to Punta Campanella Veronica persica Common Field Speedwell Path to Punta Campanella

Solonaceae Nightshade Family Nicotiana glauca Shrub Tobacco All along the A3 autostrada Solanum nigrum Black Nightshade Path to Punta Campanella

Thymelaceae Daphne Family Daphne laureola Spurge Laurel Monte Faito Thymelaea tartonraira - Above Positano

Italy - The Sorrento Peninsula Tour Report

Scientific name Common name Location

Ulmaceae Elm Family Ulmus glabra Wych Elm Path to Punta Campanella Ulmus minor Small-leaved Elm Path to Punta Campanella

Urticaceae Nettle Family Parietaria judaica Pellitory-of-the-wall Common Parietaria lusitanica - Walls in Positano Parietaria officinalis Large Pellitory-of-the-wall Path to Punta Campanella Urtica membranacea Annual Mediterranean Nettle Common

Valerianaceae Valarian Family Centranthus ruber Red Valerian Common Valerianella locusta Common Cornsalad Pompeii

Violaceae Violet Family Viola eugenieae - Monte Faito Viola riviniana Wood Dog Violet Monte Faito

Liliidae (Monocotyledons)

Agavaceae Century Plant Family Agave americana Century Plant Naturalised on sea cliffs

Araceae Arum Family Arisarum vulgare Friar's Cowl Above Positano Arum italicum subsp. italicum Large Cuckoo Pint Path to Punta Campanella

Cyperaceae Sedge Family Carex caryophyllea Spring Sedge Mote Faito Carex flacca Glaucous Sedge Above Positano

Dioscoreeaceae Black Bryony Family Tamus communis Black Bryony Path to Punta Campanella

Iridaceae Iris Family Crocus vernus Spring Crocus Monte Faito Gladiolus italicus Field Gladiolus Path to Punta Campanella Iris albicans White Iris Near Arola

Juncaceae Rush Family Luzula forsteri Southern Woodrush Near Arola Luzula pilosa Hairy Woodrush Monte Faito

Liliaceae Lily Family Allium neapolitanum Neapolitan Garlic Common on Roadsides Allium roseum Rosy Garlic Path to Punta Campanella Allium subhirsutum - Common on Roadsides Allium triquetrum Three-Cornered Garlic Common on Roadsides Asparagus acutifolius Prickly Asparagus Path to Punta Campanella Asphodelus aestivus Common Asphodel Path to Punta Campanella

Italy - The Sorrento Peninsula Tour Report

Scientific name Common name Location

Asphodelus albus White Asphodel Monte Faito Asphodelus fistulosus Hollow-leaved Asphodel All along the A3 autostrada Asphodelus ramosus - Occasional Muscari comosum Tassel Hyacinth Path to Punta Campanella Ornithogalum angustifolium Common Star of Bethlehem Monte Solaro, Capri Ruscus aculeatus Butcher's Broom Above Positano Scilla bifolia Alpine Squill Monte Faito Smilax aspera Sarsaparilla Plant Common Urginea maritima Sea Squill (leaves only) Path to Punta Campanella

Orchidaceae Orchid Family Cephalanthera longifolia Sword-leaved Helleborine Above Positano Ophrys araneola An Early Spider Orchid Path to Punta Campanella Ophrys bombyliflora Bumble Bee Orchid Path to Punta Campanella Ophrys exaltata Sicilian Spider Orchid Above Positano Orchis anthropophora Man Orchid Above Positano Orchis commutata A Toothed Orchid Above Positano Orchis intacta Dense-flowered Orchid Above Alberi Orchis italicus Naked Man Orchid Path to Punta Campanella Orchis morio Green-winged Orchid Lower Slopes of Vesuvius Orchis papilionacea Pink Butterfly Orchid Below Monte Faito Orchis pauciflora Sparse-flowered Orchid Below Monte Faito Orchis provincialis Provence Orchid Above Alberi Serapias lingua Tongue Orchid Path to Punta Campanella Serapias parviflora Small-flowered Tongue Orchid Path to Monte Solaro, Capri

Poaceae Grass Family Aegilops geniculata - Path to Recommone Ampelodesmos mauritanicus Mauritanian Vine Reed Path to Punta Campanella Anisantha diandra Great Brome Common Anisantha tectorum Drooping Brome Lower slopes of Vesuvius Anthoxantum odorarum Sweet Vernal Grass Path to Punta Campanella Arundo donax Giant Reed Termini Avena barbata Bristle Oat Path to Punta Campanella Avena sterilis Winter Wild Oat Path to Punta Campanella Briza media Quaking Grass Above Alberi Briza maxima Large Quaking Grass Path to Punta Campanella Catapodium marinum Sea Fern-grass Path to Punta Campanella Catapodium rigidum Fern-grass Path to Punta Campanella Dactylis glomerata Cock's-foot Grass Common Festuca vivipara Viviparous Fescue Lower slopes of Vesuvius Hordeum murinum Wall Barley Common Hyparrhenia hirta - Common Lagurus ovatus Hare's-tail Grass Path to Punta Campanella Lolium perenne Perennial Rye-grass Common Poa annua Annual Meadow-grass Termini Rostraria cristata - Pompeii Stipa capensis Cape Feather Grass Path to Recommone Vulpia bromoides Squirrel-tail Fescue Lower slopes of Vesuvius

Italy - The Sorrento Peninsula Tour Report

Birds (H = heard only) April Common name Scientific name 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 1 Mallard Anus platyrhynchos  2 Rock Partridge Alectoris graeca H 3 Common Quail Coturnix coturnix  4 Common Pheasant Phasianus colcchicus H 5 Little Egret Egretta garzetta  6 Osprey Pandion haliaetus  7 Short-toed Eagle Circaetus gallicus  8 Booted Eagle Aquila pennata  9 Black Kite Milvis migrans    10 Marsh Harrier Circus aeruginosus  11 Steppe Buzzard Buteo buteo vulpinus  12 Common Buzzard Buteo buteo      13 European Honey Buzzard Pernis apivorus  14 Eurasian Sparrowhawk Accipiter nisus    15 Northern Goshawk Accipiter gentilis    16 Common Kestrel Falco tinnunculus      17 Lesser Kestrel Falco naumanni    18 Eurasian Hobby Falco subbuteo  19 Eleonora’s Falcon Falco eleonorae   20 Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus      21 Lanner Falcon Falco biarmius   22 Yellow-legged Gull Larus michahellis        23 Lesser Black-backed Gull Larus fuscus   24 Sandwich Tern Sterna sandvicensis  25 Rock Dove / Feral Pigeon Columba livia         26 Eurasian Collared Dove Streptopelia decaocto         27 European Turtle Dove Streptopelia turtur H  H  H H H 28 Common Cuckoo Cuculus optatus H H H H 29 Common Swift Apus apus     30 Alpine Swift Apus melba      31 Eurasian Hoopoe Upupa epops       32 European Bee Eater Merops apiaster  33 European Green Woodpecker Picus viridis H 34 Great-spotted Woodpecker Dendrocopos major H  H H 35 Lesser Spotted Woodpecker Dendrocopos minor H 36 Sand Martin Riparia riparia  37 Barn Swallow Hirundo rustica         38 Common House Martin Delichon urbica        39 Tree Pipit Anthus trivialis    40 White Wagtail Motacilla alba alba     41 Ashy-headed Wagtail Motacilla flava cinereocapilla  42 Grey Wagtail Motacilla cinerea  43 European Robin Erithacus rubecula  H H  44 Common Nightingale Luscinia megarhynchos  H  H 45 Common Redstart Phoenicurus phoenicurus     46 Black Redstart Phoenicurus ochruros    47 Northern Wheatear Oenanthe oenanthe    48 Whinchat Saxicola rubetra  

Italy - The Sorrento Peninsula Tour Report

April Common name Scientific name 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 49 Common Stonechat Saxicola torquatus   50 Song Thrush Turdus philomelos  51 Common Blackbird Turdus merula H        52 Blue Rock Thrush Monticola solitarius  53 Rufous-tailed Rock Thrush Monticola saxatilis  54 Garden Warbler Sylvia borin H  55 Blackcap Sylvia atricapilla        56 Common Whitethroat Sylvia communis    57 Sardinian Warbler Sylvia melanocephala H       58 Spectacled Warbler Sylvia conspicillata   59 Subalpine Warbler Sylvia cantillans    60 Zitting Cisticola Cisticola juncidis H H   61 Cetti's warbler Cettia cetti H H H H H H 62 Melodious Warbler Hippolais polyglotta H 63 Willow Warbler Phylloscopus trochilus   64 Wood Warbler Phylloscopus sibilatrix     65 Western Bonelli’s Warbler Phylloscopus bonelli  66 Common Chiffchaff Phylloscopus collybita    67 Firecrest Regulus ignicapillus     H 68 Winter Wren Troglodytes troglodytes H H H H H H 69 Spotted Flycatcher Musicicapa striata  70 Pied Flycatcher Ficedula hypoleuca   H   71 Semicollared Flycatcher Ficedula semitorquata    72 Collared Flycatcher Ficedula albicollis   73 Great Tit Parus major H    H H 74 Coal Tit Periparus ater  75 European Blue Tit Cyanistes caeruleus     H  76 Marsh Tit Poecile palustris   77 Eurasian Nuthatch Sitta eropaea  78 Short-toed Treecreeper Certhis brachyphylla  79 Woodchat Shrike Lanius senator  80 Common Magpie Pica pica      81 Eurasian Jay Garrulus glandarius    82 Western Jackdaw Corvus monedula  83 Red-billed Chough Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax  84 Hooded Crow Corvus corone cornix   85 Common Raven Corvus corax        86 Common Starling Sturnus vulgaris    87 Italian Sparrow Passer domesticus italiae         88 Eurasian Tree Sparrow Passer montanus   89 Common Chaffinch Fringilla coelebs       90 European Goldfinch Carduelis carduelis H 91 European Greenfinch Carduelis chloris   H  92 European Serin Serinus serinus H       93 Yellowhammer Emberiza citronella H 94 Cirl Bunting Emberiza cirlus  

Italy - The Sorrento Peninsula Tour Report

Butterflies April Common name Scientific name 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 1 Papilionidae 2 Swallowtail Papilion machaon   3 Pieridae 4 Large White Pieris brassicae      5 Small White Pieris rapae   6 Orange-tip Anthocharis cardamines  7 Eastern Dappled White Euchloe ausonia  8 Clouded Yellow Colias crocea   9 Brimstone Gonepteryx rhami   10 Lycaenidae 11 Green Hairstreak Callophrys rubi  12 Holly Blue Celastrina argiolus     13 Green-underside Blue Glaucopsyche alexis   14 Nymphallidae  15 Red Admiral Vanessa atalanta     16 Painted Lady Vanessa cardui   17 Satyrinae 18 Speckled Wood Pararge aegeria aegeria    19 Wall Brown Lasiommata megera     

Moths April Common name Scientific name 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 1 Micro sp. Eudonia angustea  2 Micro sp. Scoparia sp  3 Latticed Heath Chiasmia clathrata  4 Pine Processionary Moth Thaumetopoea pityocampa  5 Turnip Moth Agrotis segetum  6 Silver-Y Autographa gamma   7 Lunar Double-stripe Minucia lunaris 

Other Invertebrates (Ny) = Nymph April Common name Scientific name 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 1 Egyptian Grasshopper Anacridium aegyptium    2 Speckled Bush-cricket (Ny) Leptophyes punctatissima  3 Dark Bush-cricket (Ny) Pholidoptera griseoaptera  4 Mantis (Ny) Empusa fasciata  5 Shield Bug Cydnus aterrimus  6 Shield Bug Coreus marginatus  7 Shield Bug Syromastes rhombeus  8 Fire Bug Pyrrhocoris apterus   9 Gendarme Ground Bug Lygaeus sp.  10 Froghopper Cercopis vulnerata    11 Beefly Bombylius major   12 Paper Wasp Polistes gallicus  13 Carpenter Bee Xylocopa violacea   

Italy - The Sorrento Peninsula Tour Report

April Common name Scientific name 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 14 Bumblebee Bombus cullumanus  15 Honey Bee Apis millifera    16 Ground Beetle Calosoma auropunctatum  17 Ground Beetle Carabus coriaceus  18 Ground Beetle Hister 4-maculatus  19 Devil’s Coach-horse Staphylinus olens  20 Dor Beetle Geotrupes stercorarius  21 Scarab Scarabaeus semipunctatus  22 Chafer Oxythyrea funesta    23 7-Spot Ladybird Coccinella 7-punctata  24 Long-horn Beetle Marimus funereus  25 Lily Beetle Lilioceris lilii  26 Bloody-nosed Beetle Timarcha tenebricosa  27 Leaf Beetle Chrysolina geminata  28 Pill Woodlouse Glomeris marginata  29 Nursery-web Spider Pisaura mirabilis 

Reptiles April Common name Scientific name 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 1 Moorish Gecko Tarentola mauritanica   2 Italian Wall Lizard Podarcis sicula     

Mammals April Common name Scientific name 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 1 Pipistrelle Bat Pipistrellus sp.   2 Bottle-nosed Dolphin Tursiops truncatus  3 Hazel Dormouse Muscardinus avellanarius 

Species recorded on coach journey from Rome to London

Common Name Scientific Name 21 22

Birds Little Grebe Trachybaptus ruficolis   Great Crested Grebe Podiceps cristatus   Northern Fulmar Fulmarus glacialis  Northern Gannet Morus bassanus  Great Cormorant Phalacrocorax carbo  Cattle Egret Bubulcus ibis  Little Egret Egretta garzetta  Great Egret Casmerodius albus  Grey Heron Ardea cinerea   White Stork Ciconia ciconia  Black Stork Ciconia nigra  Mute Swan Cygnus olor  

Italy - The Sorrento Peninsula Tour Report

Mallard Anas platyrhynchos   Eurasian Teal Anas crecca  Tufted Duck Aythya fuligula   Red Kite Milvus milvus  Black Kite Milvus migrans   Montagu’s Harrier Circus pygargus  Common Buzzard Buteo buteo  Honey Buzzard Pernis apivorus  Eurasian Sparrowhawk Accipiter nisus  Northern Goshawk Accipiter gentilis  Common Kestrel Falco tinnunculus   Eurasian Hobby Falco subbuteo  Common Moorhen Gallinula chloropus  Eurasian Coot Fulica atra  Common Pheasant Phasianus colchicus  Northern Lapwing Vanellus vanellus   Black-headed Gull Larus ridibundus  European Herring Gull Larus argentatus  Yellow-legged Gull Larus michahellis  Black-legged Kittiwake Rissa tridactyla  Sandwich Tern Sterna sandvicensis  Common Tern Sterna hirundo  Rock Dove / Feral Pigeon Columba livia   Stock Dove Columba oenas  Common Wood Pigeon Columba palumbus   Eurasian Collared Dove Streptopelia decaocto   Common Swift Apus apus   Great Spotted Woodpecker Dendrocopos major  Skylark Alauda arvensis  Calandra Lark Melanocorypha calandra  Eurasian Crag Martin Ptyonoprogne rupestris  Barn Swallow Hirundo rustica   Common House Martin Delichon urbica   White Wagtail Motacilla alba alba   Grey Wagtail Motacilla cinerea  Wren Troglodytes troglodytes  Dunnock Prunella modularis  Robin Erithacus rubecula  Common Nightingale Luscinia megarhyncos H Common Stonechat Saxicola torquata  Mistle Thrush Turdus viscivorus  Common Blackbird Turdus merula   Cetti’s Warbler Cettia cetti H Willow Warbler Phylloscopus trochilus  Common Chiffchaff Phylloscopus collybita H Great Tit Parus major  Blue Tit Cyanistes caeruleus  Common Magpie Pica pica  

Italy - The Sorrento Peninsula Tour Report

Eurasian Jay Garrulus glandarius   Western Jackdaw Corvus monedula   Rook Corvus frugilrgus  Hooded Crow Corvus corone cornix  Carrion Crow Corvuc corone corone  Raven Corvus corax  Common Starling Sturnus vulgaris   Italian House Sparrow Passer domesticus italiae  House Sparrow Passer domesticus  European Greenfinch Cardualis chloris 

Mammals

Red Fox Vulpes vulpes  Roe Deer Capreolus capreolus  Brown Hare Lepus europaeus  Rabbit Oryctolagus cuniculus 