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William Morris' Theories of Art As the Basis of His Socialism

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William Morris' Theories of Art As the Basis of His Socialism University of Montana ScholarWorks at University of Montana Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers Graduate School 1947 William Morris' theories of art as the basis of his socialism Joseph Lambert Keller The University of Montana Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Keller, Joseph Lambert, "William Morris' theories of art as the basis of his socialism" (1947). Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers. 4097. https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/4097 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at ScholarWorks at University of Montana. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at University of Montana. For more information, please contact [email protected]. WILLIAM Moaaiü* TKBüaiBü i3^iA>Xo wiF Î4i>iÿ b y A., üt, JoM*ir wiverm Oollegeviilé, alhaewota, IWüY ) p a r t i a l fmflllm#%t oi tà e r*. qwlramemt for tne degree of -Master o f a r t s . %0&tanm vtate itaxTêraiti 1947 A p p r o v e d ; OWlfmam of ExamlBlng demmltte# ü , - ? cl^rSÏÏâ' ofuraduate €'o^^ UMI Number: EP34857 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. UMT Oisaart«tioft PubWiing UMI EP34857 Published by ProQuest LLC (2012). Copyright in the Dissertation held by the Author. Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code ProQuest ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106 - 1346 GOKT^Ta i'age» Intro duetiôa—Art and Socialiara-î Purpoee of Paper.... .1 -rii i. Early Intareat# and influences: lare ef fatare; aroheolo^ and history ;Tmed" ieYali#»; Jdhn Ruskin and Ldaard aurne-Jones; "T&M# G reat T?%hlbition o f 1659;** a r e h itb s ts r e j the sp irit of fsllossh&p; The Oxford %*?*- meat; "Th# brotherhood;'^ loelandlo llter#- twre; Dante Gabriel Rosaetti. ....*^4.*^...1-14 a ' ' II. Developing Theorlee**Art as thi %c:edy for dooiety** Ills: ^ ■ ■ f Theory of art; soureee of his theory uf art; ardhiteoture as the most important art; tra­ dition ahd freedom in the art of the past; the free fe the feudal eooiety; the spirit of aseooia%ion; the medlpVal gilds; ehort- oomi#ge,df the medieval aystem. ................ ......14-36 III. The 3!uhetlon of''art: ' A . J%aWL,AWi' A*. ideal êooietiesü ffee*. peouliar slavery,of the fflôdérn ®apite lÎs t i G sorxd*.;* »........ .... .36—64 IV. Gapitali#m.i - It# groeth in Kedieyal bmgiand; develpjprnent of olae#; class consciousness; palliatives for oapi‘iali© tie Ills'; fear of a tarnation, the rapt of oppression ....................................55-64 7. Art and Capitalist: Beehinee aeny labpr Individuality; ca^ltal- 1mm# a eye tern of perpetual ear; sham and lux- ury replace art; the visible expressions of oapltallem; eeolel retolutioi^iaast begin eltn art; the *Glklm" forZbocialism; psoplt must be educated for eWwsge ; stirring up of dle- co n te n t eapltellBm...... .......................................64-93 Vï. Moîrrl«é t.h# îjfo^hetî’ . Hié' gift for prophwÿi pr^phggie# that omme truaf hi* proph#^ for *%>- p Ü * â t0 ‘" Mw**i*# •#* •» •• * # # # V* « • * • k #'* * *?3-“*7*7 ITÎI* th» % lfflAwity * f SdU*#%img for #ki%h #Bd jJatiitje* n*#«*«ai^i' herl$&g# from mimglTlng* ahiat swo* ■- ##** o f ÊOO'iaiiàjS'*".* • » *,* *. k* k k k k # -k * *.*,,» *■•,■.• » ■• • *7? y ill. fh# Id#*l 8odi#ty ig *##... frmm fhh'\r#hirth of j r##glt# ,,of ;0K:r*hiftWi À*#thétid iKooi*ll*m; ebolmïiwm fhe' utn* : .#$»' .ë w w # l# $ t:h# f r#^e*Whâ*f*#d; go gQV*rg#*nt mémr th » ne#, *% fition of, 'th* ####**'gf' ertme ; gge#'fèt'-la#i th# ggit of méhr gg##g$f,,.d#ei#i#g*% of- î^ o rity &g# th# th# ro#ài^&.,of lm%#; /#Wng» thgt-'gmdf mit" tha othef -' ohfik-ïigë,*- p o fieih fe» • •••»**.«♦• **-*,*• » *■■■*• * «**«»7S?«»S7 -- iZe'Tho' ' fh liiftf 0f g##* from -t. ", , ##%-# * ,r M de#*;^ihA.4/tIg'/ledt^ goy*. m*mpégg* %o :»ori-d..-|m ^ ........ ....................... ■re.prtéè» ia t i # eamfle # eat l##$*çe#) hi* fi*ioa -#f ^ vie#-, of the h h t 're a l to fie rrf* '* #,#,# » e#* »-** - * * *..«-%%(&':'* * ## * , JSlShlG^HéifHÎ *>••--» _f. « •■'•-,♦*• *;# * ,*■•-* # * •-"» »--;•-* -*,-*; •-:# k-'k »'♦-,• f'♦'* * k'9& IB?a0003T%08 Am 1#mém In %hXs p$p#p to mrrlyo at am umd®f^ mtamâlm# ©f Moppl#'*' ® o a ia ll« through m atuAy o f hi® a r t amd It®, rolatioaohl# to m n amd #o©iot%* Morris was primarily am :* A l# t - # 0 mM |m o fo ry aapoot o f Ilf® -oithor art o r a look :«f i#| # # ®lm# h# fomad ©apltaltss dootruotlv® of laâlvidüai* l#m , to "th# vary oraath am* Ufa a#-art," ha tumod to' ' aàaêtti#® ' This ao©iaI|aa# l»aaavar* aa®##®*Atl®ily a ©ystaa/ aaiaalatad''t©,f#àtar lmd|?l<6#àll*a^ laaving the l©dividual fro® from a l l é w ^ ffm l roatralmt®# both p h y slo a l and poyoho# la g lo a l* amd umhaaparad by thorn a© that h® might bo am "artist." Im Morris* l&oal so$ioty ovary Imdlvldual o f normal Im to lil» gonoa oaO an #rt|#t oh© mapressod Ih his oark In terms o f hi® imtolllgoaao tho. fâroos # a t affeotod hi® dally life; and, tharofaro, ovory omprooslon o f Ihdlvlduality In work, I f the ©©m&itloos o f life wore favorable to the orOatlom of beauty, was a work of art# Soolety* ho thought^ oxlstod for the borne* 1. "Tho Loosor Arts ©f Life," KmW g%crl*, XXII, p. 276; horoaftor o lt^ as ^ ilo o t^ ti% &f th# iMivldualj pflm&ry function Ming to p m m m p the aigmltf of '®9#ry M* of It#' member#* A le It aoulâ beet é#ee#pit#b by leaving the Im&lvMmal ooapletelf free and by pfoVldl^ him with the mean# of fledlnj beauty or art In hi# daily life; fer it ea# art that mad# life worth living and 2 th#4 ebabied m*n "*te liv e %# men^? / seeii^em * *# it,be4..\.#*A?*Qtionelly eo## to be wnderetoed by the- 18S0*-e>, -" -e'lbe® Sarl'Marat had # v i# io m d a "dietatorehip the proletaMat,** genamlly - implied #aa# form #f atroK#.,@#mt#l.'#a#&e#ity # a t reflated and aontroilad tb# affair# of the lndlyi#aa%. ' memWre of the aboiety and that to $o#$, degme'# .regla###^ their llyeà, Tbl# waa, .not ■ # a t .aarrla d»#,ir#d* . sia ao#i#ty was to be fouWWd on a **ao«* plete equality of; #mditlom" with no authority above that of " a# Aft ia *a poattiM. meoeaaity of life , if we are to liv e as nature meant; 0m, "toi., that 'la#, mnloaa w# are montent to be lea# than me#*'"- ‘‘the, beauty of fife,* ' 3 * "à# the eve .of the hevolutioa of 1848" mr% and Angela pmbllebed the Marx'a "zaweroua writina# mulminatod in %e obOAeOaa Wofk. Ma..- 4 &.0 ita-|* whose four huge volume# were net yet -oomplete at the time of hla death (1883)." Joeeph sard ,W, 4 Hlatory aC jam % JCE0W6Z& 9 * : 141 4r- the iBdlTlâml memher. A defihltloa of 0ohl#41#m* ft» the hftft come to he uaderatood today, eeu ld he a p p lie d to a ooaeeption of a aoeiety poaaeeaiag a "complete eqaallty of oonditlohî* oonaeqwently, Morrie ha» oftea hftea accused o f h elag an aaarchlat rather than a •ooialletp however, the BMtaettre of claim that Eorria* eooiety might have t# the coa- 'Vj#tio.aal deflaltlea Ilea la hie Idea of the eoiemaa,: oeaerehlp of property#- Moffie neverthele»» eooperated with all type» of woolaliete* feel lag that hie Ideal': type'of eooiety would have to evolve from the Imperfect oonveetloaal type» of »o- .olaltam».., :..Ceaventlonal'«oolail»»# he fe lt, wae mef%ly ' -the prim ary sta g e d u rin g which ed d o atlo a ;,fo r' hi#-'WWeer^- 'type o f eoilety would he instituted; It was./^ough tdudatloh that 4. % ## article gerrl» puhliehed^la %^c^»mmmweal. 168## he 1» reported to have atatedi'"-#'' ladlVldual» are not M.dwwwe# other», there must #omeehefè"' am' A gm erlty ehiew I»'"prepared to coerce them not to e#ree**'' .liwyd Wendell é £ i . p p ? . ) 4 '#&» "authority* Morrla conceived of ,,ae- reeldeat withlm the ihdivldual himself, after he had developed a ,.#oper "pub- lle, eohecienee.#" He Illustrate» and, eaplalme th is -in it ms. Compter» Arif, pp. 63v## .r ^ le eommttalsatloh of the meaae ef;|ad|tatry would ly.he followed by the communImMOh om.it». product : W'- :# at there would 'be eoagplete-'\e%uall'%r\..of cfadltlon a# men." "vommualem," P> 275 #* for eeample, frlteache. mpjMfÊL . ,hoa.lal~ Iv ■'ommmlmà-i, a» he ealleâ the fall development of #o#lall#m* Has \#v#:%aaiiy to be bxought' about* Hie vie* of the eomlng . bhamg# o:f 'eoelety into «ooi&lie» and it® eventwi develop­ ment into *ae based on hie ©onceptlon of histo- e #hi#h envieioned inevitable ohamge until the perfeat ayatem, a #y#t#mfor the benefit of all th e member# of eo ci- evolved.
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