Host Location Remarks

Spearmarked black Paper birch Interior Black-moth populations were once again at moth low levels in interior Alaska. Only 500 acres of Rhaumaptera hastata defoliated birch were detected; a slight increase over levels in 1988.

Spruce aphid Sitka Southeast Alaska In sharp contrast to severe defoliation in abietinum 1987 and 1988, aphid populations and their defoliation diminished greatly in 1989. Near-record cold temperatures during the 1988-1989 winter may have resulted in the population collapse.

Spruce Lutz spruce, Alaska Active infestations in 1989 covered 117,250 rufipennis Sitka spruce, acres, 270,000 acres less than in 1988. White spruce Infestations continued on 10,690 acres of the Chugach National Forest and on 6,913 acres of the Kenai National Wildlife Refuge. Spruce beetle populations were low and fairly stable in southeast Alaska. In Yakutat, 2,000 acres of Sitka spruce were infested near windthrow salvage units, but mortality was low. In Glacier Bay National Park, 15,000 acres were infested, but little mortality occurred in 1989. Along the River south of Galena, 100,000 acres of white spruce were infested, and 15,000 acres were infested along the Kuskokwim River. Spruce beetle activity was expected to decline further in south-central Alaska and increase in interior Alaska's white spruce stands.

Spruce bud midge Black spruce, South-central Bud midge damage was prevalent on sunny Dasineura swainei White spruce Alaska regeneration sites throughout the Kenai Peninsula. In many cases, multiple leaders resulted.

Spruce bud moth Sitka spruce Southeast Alaska Light to moderate defoliation of Sitka spruce Zeiraphera sp. occurred on 89,000 acres along coastal areas from Dry Bay to Yakutat.

Spruce budworm Sitka spruce, South-central Defoliation was not apparent in Alaska's Choristonaura sp. White spruce and southeast spruce stands. Alaska

Tent caterpillar Mountain ash, South-central Introduced (1988) western tent caterpillar Ma/acosoma sp. Red cherry Alaska populations were successfully eradicated in the Anchorage area. No tent caterpillar populations were observed in 1989 during intensive ground checks.

Alaska Reglon--Status of in Alaska

98