Neoproterozoic Sedimentation on the Rybachi and Sredni Peninsulas and Kildin Island, NW Kola, Russia

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Neoproterozoic Sedimentation on the Rybachi and Sredni Peninsulas and Kildin Island, NW Kola, Russia 52 Anna Siedlecka NGU. BULL 427. 1995 Neoproterozoic sedimentation on the Rybachi and Sredni Peninsulas and Kildin Island , NW Kola , Russia ANNA SIEDLECKA Anna Siedlecka. Norges geologiske undersokelse, Post Box 3006-Lade, 7002 Trondnelm, Norway. Lithostratigraphy and sedimentary Volokovaya Group is missing on Kildin Island facies of the Rybach i and Sredni where the Kildinskaya Group reaches c.1300 m in thickness. The lower Kildinskaya on Kildin Peninsulas and Kildin Island Island is terrigenous-dolomitic and comprises The stratigraphic section of the Rybachi Penin­ several levels with columnar stromatolites. sula represents a c. 4000 m-thick succession subdivided into two groups and several formati­ ons (Fig.2). The bottom of the succession is not Age and stratigraphic relationship exposed, and the top is erosional with no more between the Rybach i and Sredni record preserved . The succession represents a successions basinal turbidite system overlain by upper slope It had been realised for several decades that a deposits . This Rybachi Turbidite System (RTS) fault zone separates the Rybachi and Sredni consists of turbidites, debrites and deposits Peninsulas. It has also been concluded on the accumulated by traction currents and represents basis of postulated field evidence that the a major retrogradat ional succession (Siedlecka Rybachi succession rests unconformably upon et al. 1995 a). Typical for the RTS is the presen­ the Kildinskaya Group of Sredni and is therefore ce of extrabasinal pebbles to boulders of crystal­ stratigraphicaliy younger and probably equiva­ line rocks in turbidites and debrites and in an lent to the Volokovaya Group (Negrutsa 1971 ). olistostrome in the lowermost part of the strati­ The contact between the Rybachi and Sredni graphic section, suggesting an active, faulted rocks is faulted (Roberts 1995, Roberts & Karpuz margin of the basin with nearby exposed, older 1995). There is, however, no field evidence that Precambrian rocks. The abundance of fragments the Rybachi succession is unconformably overly­ of leucocratic granite in the olistostrome , which ing the Kildinskaya Group. Therefore, the are absent in the adjacent basement, suggests Rybachi-Sredni stratigraphic correlation cannot that not only downfaulting but also lateral transla­ be suggested on the basis of field observations tion was involved in the formation of the faulted (Siedlecka et al. 1995 a, b). margin. Transport of the clastic material, as Microfossil assemblages from the pre-Karu­ shown by palaeocurrents, was within the norther­ yarvinskaya part of the Kildinskaya Group sug­ ly quadrant with a predominant easterly deflecti­ gest a Late Riphean (R3) age while the fairly rich on. The Skarbeevskaya Formation is also turbidi­ assemblage of the Karuyarvinskaya Formation tic in its development. It is everywhere in tectonic indicates a Latest Riphean (R4) age for this parti­ contact with the remainder of the Rybachi rocks cular formation (Samuelsson 1995). A Late and therefore can only loosely be compared with Riphean age was also suggested for the the upper parts of the main Rybachi succession Volokovaya Group by Lyubtsov et al. (1989). (Siedlecka et al. 1995 a). More recently, the assemblage recovered from The success ion of the Sredni Peninsula is up to 2000 m thick. It is subdivided into the Kildinskaya and Volokovaya Groups and into BARENTS SEA several formations (Fig. 2). It is predominantly terrig enous , rests unconformably o n the o lder Precambrian crystalline substratum and its top is erosional with no more record preserved . Fluvial, coastal marine and deltaic facies have been recognised (Siedlecka et al. 1995 b). There are several unconform ities in the lower Kildinskaya Group and there is a major subaerial unconfor­ mity with a pronounced topographic relief betwe­ Fig. 1. Location map. en the Kildinskaya and Volokovaya Groups. The NGU - BULL 427. 1995 Anna Siedlecka 53 the Pumanskaya Formation, although poor, yiel­ are of Late Riphean age (Raaben et al. 1995). ded Sitka sp. suggestive of a Latest Riphean All but one of the K-Ar ages on glauconite (R4) age (Samuelsson 1995). Rybachi rocks from the lower Kildinskaya Group are pre­ have yielded a poor microfossil assemblage with Vendian (1050-670 Ma and 619 Ma, all dates are no diagnostic forms preserved (Samuelsson to be found in Siedlecka et al. 1995 b, FigA). A 1995). Lyubtsov et al.(1989) suggested a Late Pb-Pb age of phosphorite concretions present in Riphean age for the Rybachi strata, close to the the basal part of the Volokovaya Group was Riphean-Vendian boundary. On Kildin Island, reported to be 827-860 Ma (V.Z.Negrutsa, writ­ stromatolites in the lower Kildinskaya Group and ten comm. 1989). The concretions are probably Ayno 'll' Islands \ \ "'km, RYBACHI PENINSULA SREDNI PENINSULA KILDIN ISLAND BARGOUTNAYA GROUP VOLOKOVAYA GROUP KILDINSKAYA GROUP h/t ::::;:;:;:;:;:;: ::::::1 Tsypnavolokskaya Fm. §§§§~ Pumanskaya Fm. 111111111111Slanlzevooz ersk aya Fm. I: :::::::::::::::::j Zubovskaya Fm. r ,"":: ' ~';,\-?~I Kuyakanskaya Fm. ~ Prido rozh aya Fm. o 60 ro 0 °0 ° 0 °0°04 Maiskaya Fm. KILDINSKAYA GRUOP F:::0 '0:-::;..:;;j Peslzovozerskaya Fm. EINOVSKAYA GROUP 11 i 11i 11i j 11 Karuy arvlnskaya Fm. I: I: I: I Cherno reche nskaya Fm. ~ 1. • '1 Perevaln aya Fm. F.;. .... •... Zemlepakhtinskaya Fm. I...... A ,.... r"I ...... I Bezy myannaya Fm. ~ ;~ ::;:::; Lonskaya Fm. E--- --:J Poropelonskaya Fm. I~ I : : ~ ~: : ; : ; I ; ,I Korov inskay a Fm. J cr:~:i::: ·:·:·J Motovskaya Fm. b to 1...('I'" Palvinskaya Fm. f: .:.:.:.:·1 lernovskaya Fm. Pjarja· 1:;:;:;:;;;;;:;:;:;;;;;:; 1 /0 0 0 0 0 0 1 KutovayaF rn. } jarvi Fm. Fig. 2. Bedrock geology and lithostratigraphy of the Rybachi and Sredni Peninsulas. The geolo gy is modified from that shown in Negrutsa (1971) and redrafted onto an outline map derived from a Landsat-TM satellite image (Roberts & Karpuz 1995). 54 Anna Siedlecka NGU • BULL 427. '995 redeposited from the Kildinskaya Group . Rb-Sr­ Correlation with the Neoproterozo ic dated detrital illite in the Volokovaya Group is sections of the Varanger Peninsula c.900 Ma and diagenetic iIIites from the The previously suggested continuation of the Kildinskaya and Volokovaya Groups show a Trollfjorden-Komage lva Fault Zone (TKFZ) of the Vendian age of c.610-620 Ma (Gorokhov et al. Varanger Peninsula across the isthmus betwee n 1995). In summary, the radiometric ages suggest Rybachi and Sredni is well documented by new a Late Riphean rather than Vendian time of sedi­ evidence (Roberts 1995, Roberts & Karpuz mentation . CHR0- BARENTS TROLLFJ.- TVR & GAISSA RYBACHI SREDN I KILDIN Ma NOSTR SEA REGION L.MOLVIK NAPPE CPX PENINSULA PENINSULA ISLAND ci e>: BERLO· er: Cl GAISSA o z a w p10± f-- ? ...J 0 I :::> N I :::l Z a: KISTEDAL a I W UJ < I Cl -c a: I is DUOLBAS· ...J CI) J GAISSA <c, :::E I (Eroded) < ? o L0 KVIK· , BREIVIKA 'E FJELLET , 0 __ __ 1 __ __ c, 40± GROUP Cl STAPPo- ~ -c GIEDDE Z z « 0 -c VESTER· ...a: '-4ORTENSHES '" c 0 TANA w Z ~ 1111 11 111 111 111 11 UJ GROUP w > > NYBORG SMALFJORD '" 'E 50± 8 \1111 Will ~ -<t \ 0 a: c TANA· 'E o Z TANA· 0 -c FJORDEN FJORD. u - UJ GROUP GROUP ~ I VOLOK0- a n, 0 VAYA N a: c GRO UP ...J a -c EKKEA0YA FM. EKKER0YA Z a: ~ TYVJOFJ. UJ a: UJ FM. f- f- II1II II III III a BATSFJ TYVJOFJ & FM. BATSFJ FMS. f-- EQUIVALENTS p80± a: ~ a.. Q. ~ :x.NESELVA a Q. Cl :::> UPPER PADOEBY BASNIl:R· UJ 1f BASHIl:R- ~ Cl INGEN FM c Z INGEN , « ANDERSBY M -c FM , > a: w r KIL- KIL- (/) I FUGLE· DINSKAYA DINSKAYA z (/) ? BERGET < ...z GROUP GRO UP UJ w (not exposed) I a: KLUBBNASEN BARGOUT- 0- ~ NAYA er: VEIONES· BOTN GROUP UJ f- < KONGS· I11 11 I1I I11 I11 ...J FJOR0 EINOVSKAYA FM. GRO UP OOOi r-- ? basement ? basement basement Fig. 3. Slral igraphic correlation table of areas from Varanger Peninsula in the northwest to Kildin Island in the southeast. NGU - BULL 427, 1995 Anna Siedlecka 55 1995). The Rybachi Turbidite System is broadly fall in the time interval between the Kildinskaya comparable to and stratigraphically correlative and Volokovaya and in pre-Ekkeroya time, and a with the Upper Riphean Kongsfjord Submarine possible reactivation of the marginal fault, were Fan of the Barents Sea Region (BSR) of followed by a new period of onlapping, shallow Varanger Peninsula (Figs. 1, 3). sedimentation on Sredni and in the TVR. Correlation of the stratigraphic succesion of Sredni with that of the Tanafjorden-Varanger­ Acknowledgement fjorden Region (TVR) of Varanger is not straight­ The author is grateful to Johan Petter Nystuen for his critical forward.Traditionally, the Volokovaya Group was comments on the manuscript. correlated with the Varangerian glacial record, primarily because of the pronounced unconfor­ References Gorokhov, I.M" Turchenko, T.L., Baskakov, A,V" Kutyavin, mity at the bottom of both succesions. The Late E.P., Melnikov, N.N. & Sochava, A.A. 1995: ARb-Sr stu­ Riphean age of the Kildinskaya and Volokovaya dy of multistage illite generation in shales of the Groups makes this correlation questionable, Pumanskaya and Poropelonskaya Formations, Sredni Correlation between the bulk of the Late Riphean Peninsula, NWKola Region. (Extended abstract). Nor.geol.unders. Special Publ. 7, 00-00. Vadse Group of the TVR and the Kildinskaya Lyubtsov, V.V., Mikhailova, N.S. & Predovsky, AA 1989: Group is suggested instead, and the pre­ Uthostratigraphy and rnicrotossils of the Late Precambrian Ekkeroya and pre-Volokovaya stratigraphic bre­ of the Kola Peninsula. AN SSSR , Kola Branch, 129 pp. (in aks are considered equivalent. This means that Russian). Negrutsa, V.Z.1971: Straligraphy of the Hyperborean deposits the Volokovaya Group might be broadly correlati­ of the Sredni and Rybachi Peninsulas and the Kildin Island. ve with parts of the Tanafjorden Group (Fig. 3). In: Problems of Precambrian Geology of the Baltic Shield A previously suggested correlation between and the Russian Platform cover.
Recommended publications
  • A Community Effort Towards an Improved Geological Time Scale
    A community effort towards an improved geological time scale 1 This manuscript is a preprint of a paper that was submitted for publication in Journal 2 of the Geological Society. Please note that the manuscript is now formally accepted 3 for publication in JGS and has the doi number: 4 5 https://doi.org/10.1144/jgs2020-222 6 7 The final version of this manuscript will be available via the ‘Peer reviewed Publication 8 DOI’ link on the right-hand side of this webpage. Please feel free to contact any of the 9 authors. We welcome feedback on this community effort to produce a framework for 10 future rock record-based subdivision of the pre-Cryogenian geological timescale. 11 1 A community effort towards an improved geological time scale 12 Towards a new geological time scale: A template for improved rock-based subdivision of 13 pre-Cryogenian time 14 15 Graham A. Shields1*, Robin A. Strachan2, Susannah M. Porter3, Galen P. Halverson4, Francis A. 16 Macdonald3, Kenneth A. Plumb5, Carlos J. de Alvarenga6, Dhiraj M. Banerjee7, Andrey Bekker8, 17 Wouter Bleeker9, Alexander Brasier10, Partha P. Chakraborty7, Alan S. Collins11, Kent Condie12, 18 Kaushik Das13, Evans, D.A.D.14, Richard Ernst15, Anthony E. Fallick16, Hartwig Frimmel17, Reinhardt 19 Fuck6, Paul F. Hoffman18, Balz S. Kamber19, Anton Kuznetsov20, Ross Mitchell21, Daniel G. Poiré22, 20 Simon W. Poulton23, Robert Riding24, Mukund Sharma25, Craig Storey2, Eva Stueeken26, Rosalie 21 Tostevin27, Elizabeth Turner28, Shuhai Xiao29, Shuanhong Zhang30, Ying Zhou1, Maoyan Zhu31 22 23 1Department
    [Show full text]
  • A Template for an Improved Rock-Based Subdivision of the Pre-Cryogenian Timescale
    Downloaded from http://jgs.lyellcollection.org/ by guest on September 28, 2021 Perspective Journal of the Geological Society Published Online First https://doi.org/10.1144/jgs2020-222 A template for an improved rock-based subdivision of the pre-Cryogenian timescale Graham A. Shields1*, Robin A. Strachan2, Susannah M. Porter3, Galen P. Halverson4, Francis A. Macdonald3, Kenneth A. Plumb5, Carlos J. de Alvarenga6, Dhiraj M. Banerjee7, Andrey Bekker8, Wouter Bleeker9, Alexander Brasier10, Partha P. Chakraborty7, Alan S. Collins11, Kent Condie12, Kaushik Das13, David A. D. Evans14, Richard Ernst15,16, Anthony E. Fallick17, Hartwig Frimmel18, Reinhardt Fuck6, Paul F. Hoffman19,20, Balz S. Kamber21, Anton B. Kuznetsov22, Ross N. Mitchell23, Daniel G. Poiré24, Simon W. Poulton25, Robert Riding26, Mukund Sharma27, Craig Storey2, Eva Stueeken28, Rosalie Tostevin29, Elizabeth Turner30, Shuhai Xiao31, Shuanhong Zhang32, Ying Zhou1 and Maoyan Zhu33 1 Department of Earth Sciences, University College London, London, UK 2 School of the Environment, Geography and Geosciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK 3 Department of Earth Science, University of California at Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA 4 Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Canada 5 Geoscience Australia (retired), Canberra, Australia 6 Instituto de Geociências, Universidade de Brasília, Brasilia, Brazil 7 Department of Geology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India 8 Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California, Riverside,
    [Show full text]
  • Tectonic Regimes in the Baltic Shield During the Last 1200 Ma • a Review
    Tectonic regimes in the Baltic Shield during the last 1200 Ma • A review Sven Åke Larsson ' ', Bva-L^na Tuliborq- 1 Department of Geology Chalmers University of Technology/Göteborij U^vjrsivy 2 Terralogica AB November 1993 TECTONIC REGIMES IN THE BALTIC SHIELD DURING THE LAST 1200 Ma - A REVIEW Sven Åke Larsson12, Eva-Lena Tullborg2 1 Department of Geology, Chalmers University of Technology/Göteborg University 2 Terralogica AB November 1993 This report concerns a study which was conducted for SKB. The conclusions and viewpoints presented in the report are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily coincide with those of the client. Information on SKB technical reports from 1977-1978 (TR 121), 1979 (TR 79-28), 1980 (TR 80-26), 1981 (TR 81-17), 1982 (TR 82-28), 1983 (TR 83-77), 1984 (TR 85-01), 1985 (TR 85-20), 1986 (TR 86-31), 1987 (TR 87-33), 1988 (TR 88-32),. 1989 (TR 89-40), 1990 (TR 90-46), 1991 (TR 91-64) and 1992 (TR 92-46) is available through SKB. ) TECTONIC REGIMES IN THE BALTIC SHIELD DURING THE LAST 1200 Ma - A REVIEW by Sven Åke Larson and Eva-Lena Tullborg Department of Geology, Chalmers University of Technology / Göteborg University & Terralogica AB Gråbo, November, 1993 Keywords: Baltic shield, Tectonicregimes. Upper Protero/.oic, Phanerozoic, Mag- matism. Sedimentation. Erosion. Metamorphism, Continental drift. Stress regimes. , ABSTRACT 1 his report is a review about tectonic regimes in the Baltic (Fennoscandian) Shield from the Sveeonorwegian (1.2 Ga ago) to the present. It also covers what is known about palaeostress during this period, which was chosen to include both orogenic and anorogenic events.
    [Show full text]
  • Thermochronology and Exhumation History of The
    Thermochronology and Exhumation History of the Northeastern Fennoscandian Shield Since 1.9 Ga: Evidence From 40 Ar/ 39 Ar and Apatite Fission Track Data From the Kola Peninsula Item Type Article Authors Veselovskiy, Roman V.; Thomson, Stuart N.; Arzamastsev, Andrey A.; Botsyun, Svetlana; Travin, Aleksey V.; Yudin, Denis S.; Samsonov, Alexander V.; Stepanova, Alexandra V. Citation Veselovskiy, R. V., Thomson, S. N., Arzamastsev, A. A., Botsyun, S., Travin, A. V., Yudin, D. S., et al. (2019). Thermochronology and exhumation history of the northeastern Fennoscandian Shield since 1.9 Ga:evidence from 40Ar/39Ar and apatite fission track data from the Kola Peninsula. Tectonics, 38, 2317–2337.https:// doi.org/10.1029/2018TC005250 DOI 10.1029/2018tc005250 Publisher AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION Journal TECTONICS Rights Copyright © 2019. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. Download date 01/10/2021 04:51:21 Item License http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ Version Final published version Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/634481 RESEARCH ARTICLE Thermochronology and Exhumation History of the 10.1029/2018TC005250 Northeastern Fennoscandian Shield Since 1.9 Ga: Key Points: 40 39 • Since 1.9 Ga, the NE Fennoscandia Evidence From Ar/ Ar and Apatite Fission was characterized by a slow exhumation (1‐2 m/Myr) Track Data From the Kola Peninsula • Total denudation of the NE Roman V. Veselovskiy1,2 , Stuart N. Thomson3 , Andrey A. Arzamastsev4,5 , Fennoscandia since 1.9 Ga did not 6 7,8 7,8 9 exceed ~3‐5km Svetlana Botsyun , Aleksey V. Travin , Denis S. Yudin , Alexander V. Samsonov , • The Kola part of Fennoscandia and Alexandra V.
    [Show full text]
  • Finnish Lithosphere Meeting
    INSTITUTE OF SEISMOLOGY UNIVERSITY OF HELSINKI REPORT S-65 LITHOSPHERE 2016 NINTH SYMPOSIUM ON THE STRUCTURE, COMPOSITION AND EVOLUTION OF THE LITHOSPHERE IN FENNOSCANDIA Geological Survey of Finland, Espoo, November 9-11, 2016 PROGRAMME AND EXTENDED ABSTRACTS edited by Ilmo Kukkonen, Suvi Heinonen, Kati Oinonen, Katriina Arhe, Olav Eklund, Fredrik Karell, Elena Kozlovskaya, Arto Luttinen, Raimo Lahtinen, Juha Lunkka, Vesa Nykänen, Markku Poutanen, Eija Tanskanen and Timo Tiira Helsinki 2016 INSTITUTE OF SEISMOLOGY UNIVERSITY OF HELSINKI REPORT S-65 LITHOSPHERE 2016 NINTH SYMPOSIUM ON STRUCTURE, COMPOSITION AND EVOLUTION OF THE LITHOSPHERE IN FENNOSCANDIA PROGRAMME AND EXTENDED ABSTRACTS Edited by Ilmo Kukkonen, Suvi Heinonen, Kati Oinonen, Katriina Arhe, Olav Eklund, Fredrik Karell, Elena Kozlovskaya, Arto Luttinen, Raimo Lahtinen, Juha Lunkka, Vesa Nykänen, Markku Poutanen, Eija Tanskanen and Timo Tiira Geological Survey of Finland, Espoo, November 9-11, 2016 Helsinki 2016 Series Editor-in-Chief: Annakaisa Korja Guest Editors: Ilmo Kukkonen, Suvi Heinonen, Kati Oinonen, Katriina Arhe, Olav Eklund, Fredrik Karell, Elena Kozlovskaya, Arto Luttinen, Raimo Lahtinen, Juha Lunkka, Vesa Nykänen, Markku Poutanen, Eija Tanskanen and Timo Tiira Publisher: Institute of Seismology P.O. Box 68 FI-00014 University of Helsinki Finland Phone: +358-294-1911 (switchboard) http://www.helsinki.fi/geo/seismo/ ISSN 0357-3060 ISBN 978-952-10-5081-7 (Paperback) Helsinki University Print Helsinki 2016 ISBN 978-952-10-9282-5 (PDF) i LITHOSPHERE 2016 NINTH SYMPOSIUM
    [Show full text]
  • Alphabetical List
    LIST E - GEOLOGIC AGE (STRATIGRAPHIC) TERMS - ALPHABETICAL LIST Age Unit Broader Term Age Unit Broader Term Aalenian Middle Jurassic Brunhes Chron upper Quaternary Acadian Cambrian Bull Lake Glaciation upper Quaternary Acheulian Paleolithic Bunter Lower Triassic Adelaidean Proterozoic Burdigalian lower Miocene Aeronian Llandovery Calabrian lower Pleistocene Aftonian lower Pleistocene Callovian Middle Jurassic Akchagylian upper Pliocene Calymmian Mesoproterozoic Albian Lower Cretaceous Cambrian Paleozoic Aldanian Lower Cambrian Campanian Upper Cretaceous Alexandrian Lower Silurian Capitanian Guadalupian Algonkian Proterozoic Caradocian Upper Ordovician Allerod upper Weichselian Carboniferous Paleozoic Altonian lower Miocene Carixian Lower Jurassic Ancylus Lake lower Holocene Carnian Upper Triassic Anglian Quaternary Carpentarian Paleoproterozoic Anisian Middle Triassic Castlecliffian Pleistocene Aphebian Paleoproterozoic Cayugan Upper Silurian Aptian Lower Cretaceous Cenomanian Upper Cretaceous Aquitanian lower Miocene *Cenozoic Aragonian Miocene Central Polish Glaciation Pleistocene Archean Precambrian Chadronian upper Eocene Arenigian Lower Ordovician Chalcolithic Cenozoic Argovian Upper Jurassic Champlainian Middle Ordovician Arikareean Tertiary Changhsingian Lopingian Ariyalur Stage Upper Cretaceous Chattian upper Oligocene Artinskian Cisuralian Chazyan Middle Ordovician Asbian Lower Carboniferous Chesterian Upper Mississippian Ashgillian Upper Ordovician Cimmerian Pliocene Asselian Cisuralian Cincinnatian Upper Ordovician Astian upper
    [Show full text]
  • Changes in Microfossil Communities Throughout the Upper Proterozoic of Russia
    Carnets de Géologie / Notebooks on Geology - Memoir 2005/02, Abstract 04 (CG2005_M02/04) Main changes in microfossil communities throughout the Upper Proterozoic of Russia. [Changements majeurs dans les assemblages de microfossiles au cours du Protérozoïque supérieur de Russie] Elena GOLUBKOVA1 Elena RAEVSKAYA2 Key Words: Microfossils; Upper Proterozoic; East-European and Siberian platforms GOLUBKOVA E. & RAEVSKAYA E. (2005).- Main changes in microfossil communities throughout the Upper Proterozoic of Russia. In: STEEMANS P. & JAVAUX E. (eds.), Pre-Cambrian to Palaeozoic Palaeopalynology and Palaeobotany.- Carnets de Géologie / Notebooks on Geology, Brest, Memoir 2005/02, Abstract 04 (CG2005_M02/04) Mots-Clefs : Microfossiles ; Protérozoïque supérieur ; plates-formes est-européenne et sibérienne Introduction The Early - Middle Riphean (R1-R21) assemblages More than 50 years of study have resulted in the description of hundreds of taxa of A long interval embracing the Early Riphean Precambrian microfossils from the different and the bulk of the Middle Riphean does not regions of Russia. These forms are usually show much diversity in the microfossil preserved either as silicified or organic-walled populations. remains and generally are morphologically simple and stratigraphically long-ranging. The The most representative assemblages of this systematics of Precambrian microorganisms still age (1,650-1,250 Ma), all of them on the needs a serious revision, although efforts by Siberian platform, are from the Billyakh Group specialists from all over the world to solve these of the Anabar Uplift (VEIS et alii, 2001; SERGEEV problems have helped to clarify the biological et alii, 1995 and others), the Kyutingde and assignment of some taxa. Debengda formations of the Olenek Uplift, and the Omackhta Fm of the Uchur-Maya region.
    [Show full text]
  • A Template for an Improved Rock-Based Subdivision of the Pre-Cryogenian Timescale
    Perspective Journal of the Geological Society Published Online First https://doi.org/10.1144/jgs2020-222 A template for an improved rock-based subdivision of the pre-Cryogenian timescale Graham A. Shields1*, Robin A. Strachan2, Susannah M. Porter3, Galen P. Halverson4, Francis A. Macdonald3, Kenneth A. Plumb5, Carlos J. de Alvarenga6, Dhiraj M. Banerjee7, Andrey Bekker8, Wouter Bleeker9, Alexander Brasier10, Partha P. Chakraborty7, Alan S. Collins11, Kent Condie12, Kaushik Das13, David A. D. Evans14, Richard Ernst15,16, Anthony E. Fallick17, Hartwig Frimmel18, Reinhardt Fuck6, Paul F. Hoffman19,20, Balz S. Kamber21, Anton B. Kuznetsov22, Ross N. Mitchell23, Daniel G. Poiré24, Simon W. Poulton25, Robert Riding26, Mukund Sharma27, Craig Storey2, Eva Stueeken28, Rosalie Tostevin29, Elizabeth Turner30, Shuhai Xiao31, Shuanhong Zhang32, Ying Zhou1 and Maoyan Zhu33 1 Department of Earth Sciences, University College London, London, UK 2 School of the Environment, Geography and Geosciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK 3 Department of Earth Science, University of California at Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA 4 Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Canada 5 Geoscience Australia (retired), Canberra, Australia 6 Instituto de Geociências, Universidade de Brasília, Brasilia, Brazil 7 Department of Geology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India 8 Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA 9 Geological Survey of Canada, Ottawa, Canada 10 School of Geosciences,
    [Show full text]
  • Micropaleontology of the Lower Mesoproterozoic Roper Group, Australia, and Implications for Early Eukaryotic Evolution
    Journal of Paleontology, 91(2), 2017, p. 199–229 Copyright © 2016, The Paleontological Society. This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http://creativecommons.org/ licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. 0022-3360/16/0088-0906 doi: 10.1017/jpa.2016.124 Micropaleontology of the lower Mesoproterozoic Roper Group, Australia, and implications for early eukaryotic evolution Emmanuelle J. Javaux,1 and Andrew H. Knoll2 1Department of Geology, UR Geology, University of Liège, 14 allée du 6 Août B18, Quartier Agora, Liège 4000, Belgium 〈[email protected]〉 2Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA 〈[email protected]〉 Abstract.—Well-preserved microfossils occur in abundance through more than 1000 m of lower Mesoproterozoic siliciclastic rocks composing the Roper Group, Northern Territory, Australia. The Roper assemblage includes 34 taxa, five interpreted unambiguously as eukaryotes, nine as possible eukaryotes (including Blastanosphaira kokkoda new genus and new species, a budding spheromorph with thin chagrinate walls), eight as possible or probable cyanobacteria, and 12 incertae sedis. Taxonomic richness is highest in inshore facies, and populations interpreted as unambiguous or probable eukaryotes occur most abundantly in coastal and proximal shelf shales. Phylogenetic placement within the Eukarya is difficult, and molecular clock estimates suggest that preserved microfossils may belong, in part or in toto, to stem group eukaryotes (forms that diverged before the last common ancestor of extant eukaryotes, or LECA) or stem lineages within major clades of the eukaryotic crown group (after LECA).
    [Show full text]
  • A Community Effort Towards an Improved Geological Time Scale 1
    A community effort towards an improved geological time scale Towards a new geological time scale: A template for improved rock-based subdivision of pre-Cryogenian time Graham A. Shields1*, Robin A. Strachan2, Susannah M. Porter3, Galen P. Halverson4, Francis A. Macdonald3, Kenneth A. Plumb5, Carlos J. de Alvarenga6, Dhiraj M. Banerjee7, Andrey Bekker8, Alexander Brasier9, Partha P. Chakraborty7, Kent Condie10, Kaushik Das11, Richard Ernst12, Anthony E. Fallick13, Hartwig Frimmel14, Reinhardt Fuck6, Paul F. Hoffman15, Balz S. Kamber16, Anton Kuznetsov17, Ross Mitchell18, Daniel G. Poiré19, Simon W. Poulton20, Robert Riding21, Mukund Sharma22, Craig Storey2, Eva Stueeken23, Rosalie Tostevin24, Elizabeth Turner25, Shuhai Xiao26, Shuanhong Zhang27, Ying Zhou1, Maoyan Zhu28 1Department of Earth Sciences, University College London, UK; [email protected] 2School of the Environment, Geography and Geosciences, University of Portsmouth, UK 3Department of Earth Science, University of California at Santa Barbara, USA 4Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, McGill University, Canada 5Geoscience Australia (retired), Canberra, Australia 6Instituto de Geociências, Universidade de Brasilia, Brazil 7Department of Geology, University of Delhi, India 8Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California, Riverside, USA 9School of Geosciences, University of Aberdeen, UK 10New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, USA 11Department of Earth and Planetary System Sciences, Hiroshima University, Japan 12Department of Earth Sciences, Carleton University, Canada; Faculty of Geology and Geography, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia 13Isotope Geosciences Unit S.U.E.R.C., East Kilbride, UK 14Institute of Geography and Geology, University of Würzburg, Germany 15Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Harvard University, USA; University of Victoria, Canada 16School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia 17Institute of Precambrian Geology and Geochronology, St.
    [Show full text]
  • Late Ediacaran Organic Microfossils from Finland
    Geological Magazine Late Ediacaran organic microfossils from www.cambridge.org/geo Finland Sebastian Willman and Ben J. Slater Original Article Department of Earth Sciences, Palaeobiology, Uppsala University, Villavägen 16, SE-75236, Uppsala, Sweden Cite this article: Willman S and Slater BJ. Late Abstract Ediacaran organic microfossils from Finland. Geological Magazine https://doi.org/10.1017/ Here we present a detailed accounting of organic microfossils from late Ediacaran sediments S0016756821000753 of Finland, from the island of Hailuoto (northwest Finnish coast), and the Saarijärvi meteorite impact structure (~170 km northeast of Hailuoto, mainland Finland). Fossils were Received: 16 March 2021 recovered from fine-grained thermally immature mudstones and siltstones and are preserved Revised: 10 June 2021 Accepted: 24 June 2021 in exquisite detail. The majority of recovered forms are sourced from filamentous prokaryotic and protistan-grade organisms forming interwoven microbial mats. Flattened Nostoc-ball-like Keywords: masses of bundled Siphonophycus filaments are abundant, alongside Rugosoopsis and Ediacaran; Bilateria; microbial mats; acritarchs; Palaeolyngbya of probable cyanobacterial origin. Acritarchs include Chuaria, Leiosphaeridia, impact crater; organic-walled microfossils; Symplassosphaeridium and Synsphaeridium. Significantly, rare spine-shaped sclerites of Baltica bilaterian origin were recovered, providing new evidence for a nascent bilaterian fauna in Author for correspondence: the terminal Ediacaran. These findings offer a direct body-fossil insight into Ediacaran Sebastian Willman, mat-forming microbial communities, and demonstrate that alongside trace fossils, detection Email: [email protected]; of a bilaterian fauna prior to the Cambrian might also be sought among the emerging record Ben Slater, Email: [email protected] of small carbonaceous fossils (SCFs).
    [Show full text]
  • Diamonds from the Ural Mountains: Their Characteristics and the Mineralogy and Geochemistry of Their Inclusions
    Diamonds from the Ural Mountains: their characteristics and the mineralogy and geochemistry of their inclusions Fernando A. T. P. Laiginhas, B.Sc. (Hons.) Thesis presented for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) University of Glasgow Department of Geographical and Earth Sciences December 2008 © Fernando A. T. P. Laiginhas, 2008 Abstract Abstract This thesis has investigated the geological origin of diamonds from the Ural Mountains. A set of inclusion-bearing diamonds from alluvial deposits in the western part of the Urals was characterised on the basis of their morphological features, nitrogen contents and nitrogen aggregation states, carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes, mineral inclusion geochemistry and radiometric isotopic ages of the inclusions. The vast majority of the studied diamonds are rounded dodecahedra, which indicates that the diamond population has experienced major resorption after crystallisation. The majority of the diamonds are affected by radiation damage and display evidence of transportation. Non-abraded diamonds exhibit similar surface features to those abraded, so they are probably of similar origin. The studied inclusion-bearing set of diamonds shares some characteristics with the overall, mostly inclusion-free, diamond population from the Ural Mountains. This similarity in physical characteristics strongly suggests that the Ural diamonds are all part of a single population. A Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) spectroscopy study allowed both the concentration of nitrogen and the aggregation states of this element to be quantified. Diamonds from other known primary deposits in the East European Craton (EEC) have FTIR signatures that do not match that of the studied population. Nitrogen thermometry results suggest that the Ural diamonds probably crystallised under similar pressure-temperature conditions.
    [Show full text]