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Number 33 Jackson county, Missouri Jan -April 2004

George March Hinkle] Elder of the Church Hero Or Traitor?

From the fJe#cke/ Ge#ecz/ogz.ccz/ Bz///efz.7€.. 4 J2escarcA Co#2pe7!dz.#77! ISSN 0739 3641 ; Hinkle Henkel Henkle; Nedra Dickman Brill, CGSM, Editor. Volume 34, Number 2 Gall 2003) Whole Number 68, pages 1345-1364. [Comments made by the editor of MNI are followed by (awc).] Used with permission.

This George Hinkle does not appear in 77!e He77c4e/ Ge#ecz/og)/. He was placed, without documented proof, as /HG#673// , son of Michael4 Hinkle (Michaelj, Jacob Anthony2, Rev. Anthony Jacob Henckel), by Mary Harter in 1976.2 With recently-discovered documents, this placement has been questioned and we actively seek further information about our famous cousin who was active in the early formation of the Mormon Church. Contemporary records consistently refer to him as George M. Hinkle. His name appears on the death certificate of his son C. M. Hinkle,3 a possible clue to his ancestry. George M. Hinkle was born 13 November 1801 in Jefferson County, Kentucky,4 and died 9 November 1861 at the age of 59 years,11 months, and 26 days. He is buried in Hamilton Cemetery, Decatur County, Iowa.5 George Hinkle married Sarah Stark on 6 February 1823 in Wayne County, indiana.6 Sarah Ann Hinkle died 1 December 1845, aged 40, and is buried in Mt.

]Image provided courtesy of the Archives, Independence, Missouri, © 2002; http://www.jwha.info/mmff'hinkle.htm. 2He#cke/ Ge7zecz/ogz.ccz/ Bw//efz.#, Volume 7 ( 1976):230, 256. Note that this family lore confused his wife's maiden name with his sister's married name. 3"Certificate of Death of c. M. Hinkle," 23 March 1913, Oklahoma State Board of Health File No. 2615. 4"Book of petriardoal Blessings Index." Also, Jam Shipps and John W. Welch, editors, 7lfee /o#rJ7cz/s o/ Wz.//i.om E. "cfe//i.7z, /8j/-/8j6 (Provo: BYU Studies; Urbana: University of Press, 1994); Mormon Biographical Register, http ://Snrithinstitute.byu.edu/register/SIMBRegisters. asp?alpha=H. [sic, Patriarchal B lessings (awc)] 5Tombstone inscription of G. M. Hinkle, Hamilton Cemetery of Decatur County, Iowa; http://Rootsweb.com/~iadecatu/cemeteryDocs/Hamilton.html. 6Wayne County, IN, Mariage Record. e2 Number33 Jan-A ril 2004 MISSOUF3l MORMON FF30NTIER FOUNDATION

Hope Cemetery, Grandview, Louisa County, Iowa.7 George Hinkle married secondly Mrs. Mary Loman-Hartman, a member of the [Momon] church who had three children, George W., Elizabeth and William Hartman.8

Hinkle was converted to the Momon faith in 1832 in hdiana, he was baptized and moved to Jackson County, Missouri. During the Clay County period he traveled east on more than one mi`ssion for the church, where he converted and baptized several. He helped lead a group of converts from Tazewell County, Illinois, in company with Elder Rich and others to Far West, Missouri, arriving there April 1,1837. Hinkle bought property around Far West in May 1837. He purchased two pieces of property from the U.S. Government on 5-15-1837 and one more on 5-17-1837. ` 5-16-1837-Hinkle, George M. -Patent #2192,11 NW I/4 of sw I/4 of sec 29, 40 acres 5-16-1837-Hinkle, George M. -Patent #2048,11 NE I/4 of NW I/4 of Sec 13, 40 acres 5-17-1837-Hinkle, George M. -Patent #730, 5 NW I/4 of SE t/4 of Sec 18, 40 acres for a total of 120 acres. The first two are in what today is Mirable Township (in the Far West, MO area). Section 13 isjust to the east of the town plat. 29 is south east of the plat. Township 5 is , east along Shoal Creek between present-day Kingston (County seat) and what was Haun's Mill in the 1830's, a remote settlement of Momons at that time. Hinkle's property was on the west edge of the New York township (near Kingston), along what was known as Tom's Creek. But we know that he was an early resident of Far West, so he probably lived in town and farmed the outlying land or held it for speculation. h early 183 8, Smith was forced to move from Kirtland to Far West (due to legal troubles). From the Far West Record, you can tell that Hinkle was an enterprising individual. He helped operate a store for the church at Far West, sometimes called the Church Store (I think it was located about 500 feet southwest of the Far West site).9

The village of pleasanton, Decatur County, Iowa, was laid out in Spring 1854. The first store was . kept by G. M. Hinkle, who lived on a farm about a mile and a half northwest of the town.[° Entire volumes have been written about the activities of the members of the early Church of Christ of the Latter Day Saints. Depending upon the source, both sides accused the other of lies to further their respective causes. We are fortunate that many first-hand accounts survived.

George M. Hinkle received a Patriardoal Blessing at the church community of Kirtland, Ohio, on September 26,1835, conveyed by , Senior." At the Conference at Far West, Missouri, held 7 November 1837, Joseph Smith, Junior, was unanimously elected the first President of the entire Church-Ohio and Missouri members. Elder John M. Hinkle was unanimously chosen as a High Councilor. Elder George M. Hilikle was nominated as a High Councilor, "and objected to by Elder James Emmet, because he was too noisy; by King Follet because of his military office; and by James Durfee

7"Grave Records of Louisa County, Iowa." www.ancestry.com. /owa Cemefery Jzecords (Provo: Ancestry.com), 2000, page 64; source: Works Project Administration, "Graves Registration Project" (Washington DC), n.p. [sic, Works Progress Admhistration (awc)] 8S. J. Hinkle [son of George M. Hilikle], "A Biographical Sketch of G. M. Hinkle," /o#r7!c[/ o//Ae Hz.s/ory o/ Jowcz (13 October 1920): 444, 446-7. Joun Hartman, aged 11, who resided with George and Elizabeth Hartman Hinkle in the 1850 census has not been identified. He may have been another son of Elizabeth who died prior to reaching adulthood. 9"George M. Hinkle and the LDS Church," Email correspondence, August 3-4, 2003, from Ron Romig, Church Archivist of the Community of Christ, Independence, MO, to Trudy Herendon. '°Duncan Campbell, Historian of the Decatur County Historical Society, ``Hamilton Township Before the War," Decatur County Journal,10 December 1908; http://www.rootsweb.com/~iadecatu/historyDocs/hissocIETYptl .htm. I I"Book of petriardoal Blessings Index." Patrirdoal Blessing September 26,1835, Kirtland, Geauga County, OH.

[sic, Patriarchal Blessings (awc)] MISSOURI MORMON FF{ONTIER FOUNDATION Number Jar - A ril 2004 Pa because he was a merchant." George made a few remarks on his own behalf and the vote was unanimous in his favor. Both males and females voted,t2 although this was .83 years before the U.S. Constitution was amended to allow women the vote in government matters.

On the fourth of July 1838 [at Far West], Colonel Hinkle had one company of unifomed militia. We had a martial band with a bass dnm and two small drums, and so a procession was formed to march, the uniform company Qf militia coming flrst and then the procession followed. We made quite a showing for a small town. After marching around the square, the militia came to the cellar and halted. There was erected a stand to speak from. Joseph Smith, , , and several others took their places.'3

George and other Brethren moved from Far West to De Witt prior to 22 September 1838 when they petitioned the Missouri Governor for protection from "a lawless mob."14 At the Quarterly Conference, which convened at Far West on 6 October 1838, Elders were appointed to fill the High Council seats of John Murdock and George M. Hinkle who had "removed to De Witt."`5 General H. G. Parks, wrote in his report to General Atchison, Commander of the 3rd Division, Missouri Militia, from Brigade headquarters, five miles from De Witt, Carroll County.

[6 October 183 8] On arriving in the vicinity of De Witt, I found a body of armed men under the command of Dr. Austin, encamped near De Witt, besieging that place, to the number of two or three hundred, with a piece of artillery ready to attack the town of De Witt. On the other side, Hinkle has in that place three or four hundred to defend it, and says he will die before he will be driven from thence .... Should these troops arrive here in time, I hope to be able to prevent bloodshed. Nothing seeius so much in demand here (to hear the Carroll county men talk) as Mormon scalps; as yet they are scarce. I believe Hinkle, with the present force and position, will beat Austin with five hundred of his troops. The Mormons say they will die before they will be driven out, etc. It is my settled opinion, the Mormons will have no rest until they leave; whether they will or not, time only can tell.`6

As Church membership increased, Mormons founded and built the community of Adam-ondi- Ahaan (meaning Adam's Consecrated Land) in Daviess County, Missouri, during the Summer of 183 8. " We are fortunate to have George M. Hinkle's own remembrances:

George M. Hinkle, a witness for the State, produced, sworn and examined, deposeth and saith: I was in Far West when the last Mormon expedition went to Daviess county. We heard of a great number of men gathering in Daviess, (mob;) I went down without being attached to any company, or without having any command; I found there were no troops (mob) gathered there. The Mormon forces consisted of about three hundred, as I suppose; they were engaged in scouting parties; some, it is said, went to Gallatin, and much mysterious was had in camp about goods, and that they were much cheaper

\2History of the Charch of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Sa.ints, Period I, History Of Joseph Smith, the , by frz."se% Volume 2 (LDS Church); 2nd Edition, revised (Salt Lake City: , 1960), 522-24. John M. Hinkle has not been identified and no other mention of him has been located. ]3"John Wickliffe RIgdon, "The Life and Testinony of Sidrey Rigdon," Dz.a/ogwe, Vol. 1 0Vo. 4): 30-34; www.jwha.info/mmfflfwsq.htm '4"Petition of the Saints of De Witt to Governor Boggs" [seeking protection from the ``lawless mob"], 22 Scpte"toer \838., History of the Church of Jesus Christ Of Latter-day Saints , V ohai!e 3..82.. \S History of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints ,V drrmre 3..15S . \6History Of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints,Vchrm3 3..1SS-S6. \]Peggy Wiekize[, "The R:efimeI's Fire," Chillicothe [Missouri] Constitution Tribune 10 Decemtoel 1983. e4 Number33 Jan-A ril 2004 MISSOURI MORMON FRONTIER FOUNDATION

than in New York. This last remark was made by Parley P. Pfatt. I saw goods of various kinds; but know not from whence they came. It was a common talk in camps that the mob were burning their own houses and fleeing off. There was much mysterious conversation in camps, as to plundering and house-burning; so much so, that I had my own notions about it; and, on one.occasion, I spoke to Mr. Smith, jr., in the house, and told him that this course of burning houses and plundering, by the Momon troops, would ruin us; that it could not be kept hid, and would bring the force of the S.tate upon us; that houses would be searched, and stolen property found. Smith replied to me, in a pretty rough manner, to keep still; that I should say nothing about it; that it would discourage the men; and he would not suffer me to say any thing about it .... I saw a great deal of plunder and bee-stands brought into camp; and I saw many persons, for many days, taking the honey out of them; I understood this property and plunder were placed into the hands of the Bishop of Diahmon, named Vincent Knight, to be divided out among them, as their wants might require .... 18

0n Monday, 15 October 1838, Joseph Smith wrote in his diary his version of George M. Hinkle's role at Adam-ondi-Ahman:

The brethren assembled on the .public square of Far West and formed a company of about one hundred, who took up a line of march for Adam-ondi-Ahman. Let it be distinctly understood that this company were militia of the county of Caldwell, acting under Lieutenant-Colonel George M. Hinkle, agreeable to the order of General Doniphan, and the brethren were very careful in all their movements to act in strict accordance with the constitutional laws of the land. The special object of this march was to protect Adam-ondi-Ahrian, and repel the attacks of the mob in Daviess county. Having some property in that county, and having a house building there, I went up at the same time. While I was there a number of houses belonging to our people were burned by the mob, who committed many other depredations, such as driving off horses, sheep, cattle, hogs, etc .... [General] Parks told [Colonel Wight] that he must immediately call out his men and go and put the mob down. Accordingly a force was immediately raised for the purpose of quelling the mob .... The mob, seeing that they could not succeed by force, now resorted to strategem; and after removing their property out of their houses, which were nothing but log cabins, they fired them, and then reported to the authorities of the state that the "Mormons" were burning and destroying all before them.'9

pedward Stevenson, a young Mormon at the time, offered an alternative view. (awc)]

]8State w Joseph Smith, Jr., Hiram Smith, Sidney RIgdon, Parley P. Pratt, , Alnasas Lyman, George W. Robinson, Caleb Baldwin, Alauson RIpley, Washington Voorhees, Sidney Tuner, John Buckh.annon, Jacob Gates, Chandler Haldbrook, George W. Harris, Jesse D. Hunter, Andrew Whitlock, Martin C. Alred, William Alred, George Grant, Darwin Chase, Elijah Newman, Alvin G. Tippetts, Zedekiah Oweus, Isaac Morley, Tholnas Buck, Moses Clawson, John J. Tamer, Daniel Shearer, Daniel S. Thomas. Alexander MCRay, Elisha Edwards, John S. Higby, Ebenezer Page, Benjamin Covey, Ebenezer Robinson, Lyman Gibbs, James M. Henderson, David Pettigrew, , Francis Higby, David Frampton, George Kilnble, Joseph W. Younger, Henry Zabriskey, Allen J. Stout, Sheffield Daniels, Silas Manard, Anthony Head, Ben].amin Jones, Daniel Cam, John T. Earl. and Norrmn Shearer; who were charged with the several crines of high treason against the State, murder, burglary, arson, robbery, and larceny. Senate, 26th Congres, 2nd Session, 2lbe resfz.mo7z); Gz.ve7! Be/ore !rfee /wdge o/jfee Fifth Judicial District Of the State of Missouri, on the Trial of Joseph Smith, Jr., and others, fior High Treason and Other Crimes Against that State,Feharary ls,1841., Copy of the testimony given bofore the Hon. Austin A. King, judge Of the fifth judicial circuit in the State of Missouri, at the court-house in Richmond, in a criminal court of inquiry begun November 12,1838: Document Showing the Testimony. . .on the Trial Of Joseph Smith, Jr. (Washington D.C.: Blair & Rives,1841),189; www.olivercowdery.com/smithhome/1838Sent.htng pp. 21-22. George may be referring to the price of goods in the nearby settlement of New York, Missou]i \9 History of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints ,V ch]rn!e 3..162-64 . MISSOURI MORMON FRONTIER FOUNDATION Numberj? Jan -A ril 2004 Pa

There was in existence the Fifty-third Regiment of Missouri Militia, under the command of col. George M. Hinkle, who held a commission signed by the Governor of the state. There was times of trouble when it became necessary for Colonel Hinkle to call out the militia, consequently our movements were in accordance with the laws of Missouri. On the 30th of october,1838, Neil Gillam was at the head of a mob who were disguised as wild Indians. They were painted, and Gillam himself was arrayed as an hdian chief. The mob had been burning houses and driving the Mormons' stock away from their owners, taking prisoners, etc. Colonel Hinkle ordered out a company of militia, aboutl50 in number, to endeavor to lean the intentions of Gillam and others, who were camping on Log Creek, near Far West.2°

The report of General Samuel D. Lucas to Governor Lilbum W. Boggs:

Headquarters, Camp near Far West, 2 November 1838 . . . The next moming, 31St of October, I received from Colonel Hinkle, the commander of the Mormon forces [Caldwell militia], requesting an interview with me on an eminence near Far West, which he would designate by hoisting a white flag. I sent him word I would meet him at two o'clock p. in .... We met him and some other Momons at the point before mentioned. He stated that his object in asking me to meet him there, was to know if there could not be some compromise or settlement of the difficulty without a resort to ams. After giving him to understand the nature of your orders, I made him the following propositions, which I furnished him a copy of, also a copy of your order, viz.: First-To give up their [the Church's] leaders to be tried and punished. Second-To make an appropriation of their property, all who have taken up arms, to the payment of their debts, and indemnify for damages done by them. Third- That the balance should leave the state, and be protected out by the militia, but to be permitted to remain under protection until further orders were received from the commander-in-chief. Fourth-To give up the arms of every description, to be receipted for. Colonel Hinkle agreed to the proposition readily, but wished to postpone the matter until moming. I then told him that I would require Joseph Smith, Jun., Sidney Rigdon, Lyman Wight, Parley P. Pratt, and George W. Robinson, as hostage for his faithful compliance with the terms, and would pledge myself and each one of the officers present, that in case he, after reflecting and consulting upon the proposition during the night, declined acceding to them, that the hostages should be returned to him in the moming, at the same point they were received, but it was understood in case they did comply, they were to be held for thal as part of the leaders called for by the first stipulation. . . . We then returned to camp, and I directed the troops to make preparations to march to Far West by an hour and a half by the sun with a determination in case the hostages were not produced to make an attack upon the town forthwith .... The army being disposed of in this marmer, at the appointed time I took up the line of march in direction of Far West. When the troops got within about six hundred yards, I discovered the flag and the hostages advancing. I immediately halted the amy, and rode out and met them, received their hostages, and placed a guard over them for their safety and protection, and ordered the forces back to our encampment .... November ls[ . . . The "Momon" amy, reduced to about six hundred men by desertion and otherwise, under their commander, Colonel Hinkle marched out of their town through the space into our square, formed a hollow square, and grounded their arms. Colonel Hinkle then rode forward and delivered up to me his sword and pistols.2'

The events of October 31St, 1828, as written by Joseph Smith:

2°Bdwa:Id Stevenson, Reminiscences of Joseph the Prophet: And the Coming Forth of the (Salt Lake City,1893 ; www.jwha. info/mlnffJlcex.htm. 2' History of the Charch of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints , V drurne 3..19S-98 . e6 Number33 Jan-A ril 2004 MISSOURI MORMON FF30NTIER FOUNDATION

About eight o'clock a flag of truce was sent from the enemy, which was met by several of our people, and it was hoped that matters would be satisfactorily arranged after the officers had heard a true statement of all circumstance. Colonel Hinkle went to meet the flag, and secretly made the following engagement: First to give up their [the Church's] leaders to be tried and punished; second, to make an appropriation of all property of all who had taken up arms, for the payment of their debts, and indemnify for the damage done by them; third, that the remainder of the Saints should leave the state, and be protected while doing so by the militia; but they were to be perhitted to remain under protection until further orders were received from the commander-in-chief; fourth, to give up their ams of every description, which would be receipted for. The enemy was reinforced by about one thousand five hundred men today, and news of the destruction of property by the mob reached us from every quarter. Towards evening I was waited upon by Colonel Hinkle, who stated that the officers of the militia desired to have an interview with me and some others, hoping that the difficulties might be settled without having occasion to cany into effect the exterminating orders which they had received from the governor. I immediately complied with the request, and in company with Elders Sidney Rigdon and Parley P. Pratt, Colonel Wight and George W. Robinson, went into the camp of the militia. Butjudge of my surprise, when, instead of being treated with that respect which is due from one citizen to another, we were taken as prisoners of war, and treated with the utmost contempt.22

[Colonel] Lyman Wight, who was arrested with Joseph Smith, wrote his version of this day:

30th October. This moming about two o'clock came into my house two messengers from Far West and infomed me that a large body of troops were encamped in half a mile of that place and for what purpose it was unknown. And as I had been the acting commander of that regiment, Joseph Smith and others requested that I would come forthwith to that place. In an hour's time I was mounted upon my favorite horse, Dragon, and one hundred and twenty mounted men by my side, lightly bounding over the vast prairies betwe,en this place [Adam-ondi-Ahman] and Far West, where we arrived about eight o'clock a. in. and found the whole town in an uproar, and twenty-two hundred well armed men encamped in half a mile of the town, professing to be militia of the State. My advice was to send immediately a flag of truce. This was believed to be a requisite course, and accordingly George M. Hinkle and John Corrill were appointed to be bearers of the flag. They came back and informed us, Joseph Smith, Parley P. Pratt, Sidney Rigdon, George W. Robinson, and Lyman Wight, that the chief officers of the army desired an interview with us, and that if we were not in the camp previous to six o'clock p. in. they would fall upon and destroy Far West together with its inhabitants; and that if we would come they would pledge their honor that we should be released that night or the next moming early. Accordingly we went and met the whole camp under motion to receive us. Generals Lucas, Wilson, and Doniphan brandished their swords and made a sort halt, when George M. Hinkle made his obeisance and said: "Gentlemen, these are the prisoners whom I agreed to denver up to you." We were then hurried into camp in front of the mouth of a six-pounder, and placed under a strong guard of ninety soldiers, well amed. This proved to be a dismal night on the account of rain, and three alarms in the course of the night, which brought every man to his feet, and placed him under arms. The hideous screeches and screaming of this wretched, murderous band would have made a perfect dead silence with the damned in hell. Thus I spent the first night after being imprisoned, for believing the Book of Mormon, and Joseph Smith to be a prophet of God.23

Samuel Lucas wrote his final report to Governor Boggs. Note that Colonel Hinkle was serving under the State Militia's command:

T2History of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints ,V ohane 3..188-89 . 23"Journal of Lyman Wight," 30 October 1838; cited in Heman C. Srith, et al., comp. & edit, 7lrfee frz.story o//Ae Jzeorgcz#z.zed C%z/7.cA o//esz/I C#rz.a/ o/£cz}/cr Dcz); Sczz.#ts, Volume 3 (Independence: Herald Publishing House,1967- 1976): 258-59. MISSOURI MORMON FRONTIER FOUNDATION Nunberzz Jan -A ril 2004 Pa

hdependence, Mo. 5th Novr 1838 His Exc. L. W. Boggs Commd in Chief M[issouri]. M[ilitia]. Sir: I returned on yesterday with the troops of the lst Brig. 4th Divis. M.M. We got to Goose Creek in the vicinity of Far West on 30th ult. and the next day the town surrendered to us under the following conditions and stipulations, viz: 1st To give up their leaders to be uted & punished. 2nd To make an appropriation of their property, all who had taken up arms, to the -payment of their debts,.and indemnity for damage done by them. 3rd That the balance should leave the state and be protected out by the Militia, but to be permitted to remain until further orders from the Commander in Chief. 4th To give up their arms of every description, to be receipted for. We took about 600 prisoners and rec'd something like that number of arms. In disbanding my command, I ordered Genl Wilson to take charge of the leaders, who I had demanded for trial, viz, Jo Smith, Sidney Rigdon, Lyman Wight, Amos Lyman, Geo. W. Robinson, Parley Pratt, Hyram Smith, together with the arms, and march them to my Headquarters in hdependence to await your further orders. On 3rd of Novr. when at Williams Ferry, Missouri River, I received a letter from Major Genl Clark, by express, ordering me to march the prisoners and arms to Richmond, to discharge my forces, and repair myself with my staff to his camp wherever I could find it between Richmond and Daviess County. This order I did not comply with, as I could not under any circumstances be commanded by a Junior Major Genl. I was thrown into the field by a call from Brig. Genl Parks there in the field. Which, according to military etiquette and usage is equivalent to an order. And from your order to Genl Clark, he is only authorized to command Brigadier Generals, but can make a call on Major Genl's for any force that he may think necessary. I received a copy of your orders to him; and I intend to start the pri`soners and arms to Richmond in the moming when the whole will be subject to his order. Your orders of 26th & 27th ult. together with your letter to me of latter date was only rec'd by express on 30th ult. within 6. or 7 miles of Far West. At this point Major Gen'1 Atchison left me and returned home to Liberty. I was then left in the sole com'd of about 1,800 men, which I marched that night to Goose Creek, within one mile of Far West. By sun-down the next day my forces were increased to 2500 men. With an army of this magnitude I could not think of lying idle and inactive. I will make out a fair report and send it to you by next mail. We were looking for you every day, for the last 4 or 5 days, or I would have sent an express to you from Far West. A communication I received from Gen'1 Clark 1 st Novr stated that he had leamed you was on your way up, and would arrive in a day or two. Learning that Gen'1 Clark was on his march with an army of 2000 men, I concluded that he would have force sufficient to operate in Daviess and Livingston Counties, and to make a fmal close without the co-operation of my troops. I deemed it proper in order to save the state an enormous expense, which every day was immensely heavy, to discharge my forces which was accordingly done, with the exception of four companies left at Far West, and five companies under Gen'1 Parks, sent to Daviess County. I left your aid, Col. Williams, Col. Burch and Major Reese of Regt at Far West drawing up all the necessary papers, and Col. Hinkle and myself appointed 5th Comd, viz: Win Collins of Jackson, G. W. Woodward of Ray, Judge Cameron of Clay and John Corrill and M. Phelps of Far West. The Mormons are to convey their property in trust to those comd's for the benefit of creditors and for indemnifying those that have been damaged by them. This arrangement gave satisfaction to the whole army and was the means of saving a great many valuable lives, and the effusion of immense bloodshed. I have the honor to be with Great respect Saml D. Lucas Major Genl 4th Divis M[issouri]. M[ilitia]. e8 Number33 Jan-A ril 2004 MISSOURI MORMON FRONTIER FOUNDATION

P.S. I sent Genl Clark a copy of my report to you, as soon as I had it made out.24

Elder Parley P. Pratt, one of the prisoners arrested with Joseph Smith, wrote in his autobiography:

Colonel George M. Hinlde, who was at that time the highest officer of the militia assembled for the defense of Far West, waited on Messrs. Joseph Smith, Sidney Rigdon, Hyrum Smith, Lyman Wight, George W. Robinson and myself, with a request from General Lucas that we would repair to his camp, with the assurance that as soon as peaceable arrangements could be entered into we should be released. We had no confidence in the word of a murderer and robber, but there was no alternative but to put ourselves into the hands of such monsters, or to have the city attacked, and men, women and children massacred .... As we arose and commenced our march on the moming of the 3rd of November, Joseph Smith spoke to me and the other prisoners, in a low, but cheerful and confidential tone; said he: "Be a/good cheer, brethren; came to me last night that our lives should be given us, and that whatever we may suffer during this captivity, not one Of our lives shall be taken. " Of tails praphieey 1 testify in the name of the Lord, and, though spoken in secret, its public fulfillment and the miraculous escape of each one of us is too notorious to need my testimony.25

0n November 6th General Clark assembled the brethren at Far West and delivered to them a written speech that revealed their fate if George M. Hinkle had not interceded:

The orders of the governor to me were, that you should be exterminated, and not allowed tb remain in the state, and had your leaders not been given up, and the terms of the treaty complied with, before this, you and your families would have been destroyed and your houses in ashes.26

A Conference of the Church of Jesus Christ of the Latter Day Saints was held on 1 March 1839 at Quincy, Illinois. By a unanimous vote, Brighan Young `twas called to the chair" and urged the brethren to unite. The assembly also unanini,ously voted to excommunicate from the Church George M. Hinkle and several others for "acting against the interests of the Church."27 Despite this, George and his wife continued to be active in support of the Church. "Mrs. Sally Hinkle" signed at least two undated statements (noted by Joseph Smith only as "while I was in jail") regarding the looting of Joseph Smith's house and stable in Far West.28

h 1844 Colonel George Hinkle wrote his views of the events at Far West to William W. Phelps, an early Church leader whom George had been instrumental in having disfellowshiped from the Church. This letter was printed in the church's A4lesse#ger cz7!d ,4dvocafe, published at Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania,1 August 1845 issue:.

Buffalo, Scott County, hdian Territory, August 14,1844 To W. W. Phelps, Esq., Nauvoo, Illinois.

24"Mormon War Letters written in 1838 by Missouri Militia officers and citizens. Missouri State Archives; http:/thomepages.rootsweb.com/~livecomo/letters/mormon.html 2SAutobiograpky Of Parley P. Pratt, pp. 2fJ3-2;I)S , TO9., repri" History of the Charch of Jesus Christ of Latter-da;y Sag.#ts, Volume 3: 189, 200. 26[A portion of] "General Clark's Hanangue to the Brethren," fJz.I/ory o/ Ca/dwe// a#d fz.v!.7!grfo# CowJtfz.es, A4issowrz. (St. Louis National Historical Company, 1886), 140; reprinted Hj.s/ory a/fAe Cfe#rcA o/Jesws Cferz.sf o/ Latter-day Saints, Volume 3..202-204. T' History of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints ,V ohare 3..2:sO-84. ZSHistoryOftheChurchofJesusChristOfLatter-daySaints,Vohai!e3.28]-88. MISSOURI MORMON FRONTIER FOUNDATION Numberjz Jan -A ril 2004 Pa

A4y Dcczr Sz.r.. After so long a time, I take up my pen to address a few lines to you, and thus break that perfect silence which has existed between us ever since we parted in Far West, Missouri, in the fall of 1838. Then you and I were both dissenters from the church of Latter Day Saints, though we did not dissent upon exactly the same principles; for I only dissented from the unwise, unhallowed management of the heads or authorities of the church, and not from any true points of docthne which I ever had believed. But you said to me that you dissented from the whole Mormon system. Since then I have been told by good authority, such as Hyrum Smith and others, that you have returned to the bosom of the church, and been received again to fellowship, and all seems to be well with you. If you are happy in the course you are not taking, all I have now to say to you is, at the tribunal of heaven you will have to answer for all your deeds done in the body. But, sir, there is one point upon which I wish to address the Latter Day Saints through you, in order that the honest-hearted and ignorant-minded may be corrected, and the malicious-hearted slanderers put to shame. It has been the theme of many, since I left Missouri, to calumniate and vilify me for the course which I, as the acting colonel of the militia of Caldwell, pursued in the surrender of the citizens of Far West, Caldwell, etc., to the authorities of Missouri. Those vilifiers have stated it, and vociferated its repetition throughout the length and breadth of our happy land, and the newspapers of the day have thrown it upon the wings of the wind, and no doubt it has gone to the Old World, and there been listened to and creditedT{specially by those of your faith-that I, as a base wretch, after having the confidence of the church, yet in that critical moment of their perils in Missouri, when they in and of Far West were besieged by between three and four thousand men-the story is, that I, there and then, betrayed "the heads of the church" into the hands of the military authorities of Missouri, and that, too, for a large sum of money. And then, as if they intended to heap disgrace upon me, after insult and injury, they say I tuned state's evidence against them; also that I informed on many of tlie citizens of Far West and had them arrested and delivered up to the court of inquiry to be punished. Any many such like reports have been put in circulation by my enemies to do me injury; all of which, before God, I declare to be as false as Satan himself. Now, sir, you are the man who knows more about it than any other man belonging to your church. You know that you, John Corrill, A. Morrison, and myself, were appointed by Joseph Smith to go and confer with the commanding officers of the Missouri Militia, and effect a treaty if possible, on any terms short of a battle. You know that we went and risked our lives with a white flag, when only a few hours previous the bearer of one (Charles Rich) had been fired at on the same field; and we did this to obey the order or request of Joseph Smith. Our object was (at least I felt so) to prevent the effusion of blood, which we all saw must inevitably take place unless something could be done immediately. Were you not present, sir, at that trying scene when the eyes of our enemies seemed to flash fire when we approached, and I received from the hand of Major General Lucas that unhallowed paper, narrating to us the terns upon which the lives of our families and fiends could be saved, viz: "Give up your leaders-your principal men-as hostages to be tried by civil law. Give up all your arms of defense, and all leave the State forthwith." He also read to us that generous-no, that execrableutrder of Governor Boggs, authorizing him to exterminate us, or drive us from the State. Now, sir, I appeal to your candor: Did I, at this critical moment, say to General Lucas, or to any of those with him, "Give me a sum of money [Judas like] and I will comply"? If you answer in the affirmative, then query. Where you and the others of the delegation to go partners with me in such an unhallowed speculation? What! Thus to betray our friends-ur brethren-into the hands of their implacable enemies in the hour of their peril-and that, too, for Missouri gold! ! ! I Or if I did, as has been reported by men high in authority among you, winked at by all, and not contradicted by any-at least so far as I knowulid I take the price and snugly lodge it all in my own pocket, without dividing with any of you? You know I did not make that treaty alone. Nay, you well remember that yourself and the others with us, by authority or request of Joseph Smith himself, agreed to the disgraceful terms. We then urged all to submit. But did I not then and there oppose that part of the order requiring us to give up our arms and irrmediately leave the State, urging that if any had offended by breaking the law, we were willing and even anxious that such should be punished to the extent of justice, or the magnitude of the crime, but to give up our arms and leave the State, would be virtually throwing away our most sacred rites as citizens of a republican state, and that we would as soon give up our lives? Did he not become euraged and say el0 Number33 Jan-A ril 2004 MISSOUF2I MORMON FRONTIEF` FOUNDATION

that Joseph Smith, Sidney Rigdon, Lyman Wight, P. P. Pratt, and G. W. Robinson must be given up, and no other terms would do? Did he not give us half an hour to consult our friends? When the facts were laid before Joseph, did he not say, "I will go;" and did not the others go with him, and that, too, voluntarily, so far as you and I were concerned? My understanding was that those men were to be taken and kept till next moming as hostages; and if they did not, upon reflection and consultation with the officers in the camp of the enemy, during the night, conclude to accept of the terms proposed to us, but choose to fight, then they were to be kept safely, and returned to us in the city next moming, unharmed, and time given us to prepare for an attack by the militia. During this whole interview and transaction, were not thousands of troops drawn up near the city, ready to fall upon us, provided those demanded as. hostages refused to go? And when Smith and the others had given up, without any compulsory measures from us, did not General Lucas demand our arms, but on reflection agree to let us retain them till next day, inasmuch as it was then about sunset? Were we not advised next day, by word sent expressly from Joseph Smith to us to surrender? When that intelligence was received, did I not draw up the forces under my command, and explain to them the nature of the whole affair, and then request all who were in favor of surrendering, to make it known by marching three paces forward? They made a very slow start, but finally all came forward. We then marched out with slow and solemn step into a partial hollow square of the enemy, faced inward, grounded ams, and marched away and left them. The town was laid under martial law and guarded. Then the authorities commenced taking others as prisoners, and kept them under guard to be tried, as they said, by civil law. No man ever knew me to complain of, or inform on any one. Uniformly when questioned by those seeking victims, I told them that all I knew to be guilty of breaking the law had fled from the city the night before the surrender. When the court of inquiry held its session in Richmond, I did not turn state's evidence, but was legally subpoenaed, as you know. Therefore, as to my course of conduct there, even under tr)ring circumstances, while retrospecting it I have no cause of regret. And during the time I was a member of that church, before God and all men I have a clear conscience, and am willing to give an account of my course at any time. While I lived in that church I tried to live in ; and when I left it, I did not leave in order to persecute it, but to get from tinder the priestly influence of those men who bore down upon those who opposed their views, with an iron rule; with a yoke too intolerable for a high-minded man, or a humble Christian spirit to bear. Past experience had already shown me that as soon as anyone, but especially one of note among them, would leave them, he must suffer all kinds of abuse. The motto was, "His character must be ruined, or he will injure us." And in return, the dissenters have said, "Down with the heads of the church." And I know that they have sometimes used base means, and published many falsehoods, and brought much persecution on you. This has not been my course. I despise the course which both parties have pursued. I am for peace and for truth, and truth only on all subjects. Notwithstanding the many slanders that have been afloat about me, in order to injure and ruin me, this is the first scrap that I have ever published on the subject; and I have written and published this out of mere necessity, in self- defense. I have hitherto been determined, let them say what they would or could, I would bear it, and leave the event with God. Almost six years have rolled away since I withdrew my labors and influence from among that people; and notwithstanding my reserve, some of them still continue to roll down their Satanic falsehoods upon me. I have been informed that one of your number is now in an adjoining neighborhood to this, asserting that I sold the heads of the church, in Missouri for $700. Now, sir, as you are the man who was engaged in the whole affair with me, I request that you write a letter for publication, and either put in the rz.meg cz77d Seczso#s, or send it to me; and in it exempt me from those charges, and correct the minds of that people and the public on this subject; for you know that they are as base as the blackness of darkness, and as false as Satan himself. If I felt to retaliate or to do as other dissenters have done, I might publish much, and do it in truth, about the wickedness of that people, and it might add to the already exasperated state of feeling now existing against them; but, sir, that is not my purpose. I feel and always have, to leave them in the hands of God, and to mind my own business; and I assure you I find enough to do to attend strictly to m}J owl dz/fy,. therefore, write and exhort your brethren ``/o go cz#cJ do /I.4ewz.se. " Very respectfully, Your friend and well-wisher, MISSOURI MORMON FRONTIER FOUNDATION Nunberjz Jan - A ril 2004 Pa

G. M. Hinkie.29

One provision of Joseph Smith, Jr. 's arrest required Church Members to leave the state of Missouri. Most moved to Nauvoo, nlinois. After George M. Hinkle was excommunicated he left the main body of the Church and moved to Iowa wnere he started his own splinter group.

jinother New Doctrine. - A new delusion has broken out, says the Davenport Gazette, near the western part of this Territory which will perhaps occasion surprise, and throw Joe Smith into the shades. A P\fr. Henkle [sic], who is said to have been formerly a Mormon, but has left hem, has located himself near Blue Grass and began propagating a new.religion. Four have already been baptized in this man's opinions, which are after this manner: -After he lays his hands upon their heads when they receive power from on high to , cure the sick, heal the lame, and perform miracles as did the Apostles. h their meeting they give the holy kiss, wash one another's feet, &c .... 30

The colony of Mormons who left Nauvoo and settled far up on the Iowa river, were nearly starved out last winter [ 184445].3`

At the same time . . . a conspiracy was formed at Nauvoo for the purpose of leading away all the saints who adhered to the first platform of the Prophet, and refused to lend their influence to the adulterous project which had lately been developed. This schism was led by one Hinkle, a man of but little influence or talent. His object was to establish a colony in the unsettled portion of Iowa, over which he intended to preside in the prophetic character; for he, as well as Smith, held communication with the world of spirits, but few of the saints, however, could be induced to acknowledge his leadership, and his enterprise consequently proved a failure. A few of his friends deserted Nauvoo under his direction, but his influence was not sufficient to concentrate this slight force, and Hinkleism has perished from the face of the earth.32

0n 5 February 1845, Sidney prigdon, a founder of the Refomed LDS movement] responded to a letter that Brother Hinkle, a former Mormon, had sent him on 8 January in which Hinkle had proposed to combine his followers with Rigdon's. Sidney felt such a course to be of "vast importance." He replied that if Brother Hinkle continued to desire to join the Rigdonites he should attend the April conference in Pittsburgh. Sidney closed his letter to the man who in 1838 had been responsible for his delivery to a group of intensely anti-Mormon Missourians by telling George Hinkle to ``be assured" of his "most abiding friendship."33

George Hinkle decided to unite with Sidney Rigdon and in April [1845] was baptized. He subsequently strove with good success to bring his own previous followers under Rigdon's barmer. He was not awarded a position in Sidney Rigdon's for his efforts, but did become a Member of Rigdon's Grand Council. He remained with Sidney until almost the end of the Antrim ¢emsylvania) period, at which time he moved to nlinois where he attempted to organize another

29"Letter of G. M. Hinkle," /owmcz/ a/ffz.sfory, Volume 33 (Lamoni, IA; Reformed LDS Church History Department, October 1920) :448-53. This should be Iowa Territory. [sic, /owr7!cz/ o/fJz.sfory, Vol. 13 (January 1920): 448453. (RLDS Cburch, not Reformed) (awc)] 3°£ee Cozt#fy I)emocrczf, Fort Madison, Iowa Territory (Volume 2, #6), 3 June 1843, http://www.Iavazone2.com/dbroadhu/IA/misciowo.htm 3'J}#jffczJo Daz.ly Cowrj.er aHd Eco#omis!, Scott County, Iowa, (Volume 4, No. 993), 8 May 1845; http://www.Iavazone2.com/dbraodhu/NY/miscNYsk.htm#050845 32"Mormonism in Illinois," 7lfee j4merz.ccz# Jtev!.en/, Volume 15 0Vo. 4 New Series, April 1852), 332. 33jJz.a/ory o/£Ae £DS Crfezjrcfe, Volume 3: 196-99; 7lfee E#sz.g# (Buffalo, Iowa Territory, April 1845), 158-59; contributed by Ron Romig, Church Archivist of the Colrmunity of Christ, Independence, MO. el2 Number33 Jan-A ril 2004 MISSOURI MORMON FRONTIER FOUNDATION

following.34

W. W. Blair, a Reformed [sic, Reorganized (awc)] LDS missionary, visited George Hinkle in 1859:

July 19. Tuesday. Left Bro. Geo. Morey's for the west. Ov4orey lived in Pleasanton.) Called on Bro. M. /sz.c, G. A47 Hinkle. He constrained us to wait over til next day, saying he would take us 80 miles on our road. At night had a meeting at Bro. Geo. Morey's. Had a happy time .... Thursday, July 21st (1859). This moming left Bro. Hinkles, passed through Decatur City, then through Leon to Brush Creek and Franklin. Staid overnight with Bro. Elijah Hall. 22nd. Held meeting at Bro. David Halls at 11 a.in. to take into consideration the organization of a Branch. Nearly all were in favor. Deferred organizing till Sunday. . Held meeting at 8 p.in. Bro G. M. Hinkle preached. Sat. 23d. Held meeting at 2 o'clock at the school house. It rained, consequently there 'was but a few Out. Sunday 24th. Preached at half past 10 a.in., following Elder G. M. Hinkle preached again at 2 p.in., followed by Bro. Hinkle and Briggs. Had a house full and good attention. At 8 p.in. held meeting at Bro. David Hall's. Organized a branch consisting of 9 members: 1 Elder, David Hall; 1 Priest, V.B. Hale; a Teacher, Benj. Harding; 1 Deacon, Elijah Hale. The Priest, Teacher & Deacon were ordained under the hands of Elders G. M. Hinkle, E. C. Briggs & Win. W. Blair. The elder, David Hall, had been previously ordained by G. M. Hinkle .... Wednesday, 21st [August 1859] This day called on Bro. Hinkle. Found him opposed to Young Joseph's claims from what I `have seen and heard. I am forced to draw very un favor.able conclusions concerning the man. At 7 p.in., held a meeting at Bro. Moffets. Had a good attendance and the best of attention preached from the 49th Psalm on the resurrection.35

The minutes of the Little River Branch, Decatur County, Iowa, manes twenty members: Geo. Morey and wife, A. W. Moffat and wife, G. M. Hinkle and wife, Jas. Younger, David Moiey, Deborali Morey, Hellen Morey, Mary Ann Keown, Harrison Perham, Mary Arm Perham, N H. Barton, Elizabeth Hartman, Joseph Gold and wife, Phillip Maschal's wife, Martha Am Truman. Eleven of these twenty were baptized by Elders Briggs and Blair while on their mission. However, at the conference held 1 June 1860 it was reported that Geo. M. Hinkle and wife, A. W. Moffit and wife, and Elizabeth Hartman, George's step-daughter, had withdrawn from the Little RIver Branch.36

The Reformed [sic, Reorganized (awc)] LDS Church established church headquarters at Lamoni, Decatur County, Iowa, in 1881. George M. Hinkle's son, Andrew Jackson Hinkle, was an active member in the Reorganization. The following letter was written .to him by Joseph Smith Ill:

Mar 16 80 Bro A. J. Hinkle Green RIdge, Manitoba. Brethren I have no feelings in regard to the family of Col G. M. Hinkle, except the very best. There are two or three of his sons in Iowa, and members of Christ with me -good men to their neighbors and brethren say. The foundation upon which the Reorganization is built is the of God. And is, that

347lfee E#fz.gr (Buffalo, Iowa Territory, April 1845),158-59, and May 1845,175; A4erse#ger cz7cd ,4dvocafe,15 April 1845,168; Zlfee E#sz.gr o/£z.berry a/j4e Cfewrcfe o/C4rl.sf (Kirtland, Ohio), May 1848, 90, and December 1847, 35; contributed by Ron Romig, Church Archivist of the Community of Christ, Independence, MO. 35"William W. Blair Journal," March 4,1859 to January 14,1860, /owr#a/a, P2, J1, (May 1859) : 11,196-97; Community of christ Archives, Independence, MO. 36"Early Minutes of the Reorganization," 55, 64; Community of Christ Archives, Independence, MO. MISSOURI MORMON FF20NTIER FOUNDATION Number23 Jar -A ril 2004 Pa

"Wherever there are six or more legally baptized members existing together in an organized fom there is the church, as it existed in 1830." Bro Post, may his spirit rest in peace, always misunderstood us, and never gave us credit for honesty of purpose. Now that he is dead, I hope that you and those with you will look the Reorganized church up and find out the truth about us; which when you do, you will be sure to accept it. Our Hymn Books we can send you for $13 per dozen in cash or draft that is, where the cash accompanies the order, and we shall be glad to send you as many as you want. Our selection is a large and good one. I have taken the liberty to send you our Herald, for the current year. I am in Bonds Yours Joseph Smith37

S[amuel] J. Hinkle, another son of George M., provided biographical information on his father:

G. M. Hinkle was born in Kentucky in the year 1802. He was first married also in Kentucky at the age of twenty years, to - Starky who was a little older than he and who afterwards taught him to read and whte. As to where or when he first heard the gospel preached, or when or by whom he was baptized I can say only that it was sometime prior to the year 1835 . He had five children by his first wife: namely Morgan, Andrew Jackson, George Alma, Lucinda J., and Thomas, all of whom belonged to the church excepting Lucinda J. and Thomas. Thomas was killed in battle during the Civil War, serving as a drummer, he being to young and small to bear arms. The wife died in Mercer County, Illinois, where they had settled on Duncan Prairie after having been driven from Missouri with the rest of the "Mormons." After the death of his first wife George Hinkle married Ms. Mary Loman-Hartman, a member of the church, who had three children: George W., Elizabeth, and William Hartman. Two of them, Elizabeth and William, afterwards joined the Reorganization. William lived and died near Lamoni. To this union were born four children, Rebecca, Michael L., Samuel J., and Charles M. Rebecca died when small and Charles M. at Red Fork, Oklahoma, in 1912. The three boys became members of the Reorganization. Michael lives now at Ridgeway, Missouri, and Samuel J. at Breckenridge, Texas. These four children were born at or near Duncans Prairie, Illinois, Michael November 24, 1848, Samuel April 11, 1850, and Charles 1852. Charles was a teacher of the Davis City, Iowa, Branch for fifteen years. My father's attitude toward the church after his expulsion from the church was simply a marvel to all who were acquainted with him and the circumstances. Being persecuted without and condemned within he went right on as best he could and still remained firm to the faith. When he left Missouri he was destitute so far as personal property was concerned. There he had been reckoned as one of it not the wealthiest of the "Momons." He lived at Dewitt in Carroll County and owned land as well as mercantile property but lost it all by the expulsion of the Saints, and I an told had to walk out and carry some of the smaller children in his arms, with the Gentiles persecuting him and the Saints shunning him as they had been waned. Now I ask you where is there another man who would have endured such treatment and still kept the faith? Yet that is just what he did. After settling over in Illinois and beginning anew we find him preaching the gospel to his neighbors and some few Saints there, such as John Adams, his brother-in-law, and the Epperlies as well as others who were willing to stop and listen to his reasons for his actions at Far West. When he learned that at Quincy they had proceeded to cut him off from the church he went right on preaching the gospel as before and built the church which was known as ``The Bride, the Lamb's Wife," but after working at this for some time and having gathered something like two hundred members he saw his error and quit. Yet all the time he was preaching the restored gospel. He moved from Mercer County, Illinois, about the year 1852 and stopped awhile in Louisia /sz.c/

37Joseph Snrith Ill to Bro A. J. Hinkle, Green RIdge, Manitoba,16 March 1880, "Joseph Smith Ill Letterbooks," P6, JSL83, 38-39, Community of christ Archives, Independence, MO. Also, reprint in /o#r7!¢/ a/Hz.sJory,13 (October 1920) :444-48. el4 Number33 Jan-A ril 2004 MISSOURI MORMON FRONTIEF} FOUNDATION

County, Iowa, but did not remain there for any great length of time. I think he had abandoned the new church idea before he moved to Louisia County. Then he moved to Decatur County, Iowa, about the year 1853, first stopping just below Pleasanton, in the upper edge of Missouri, then purchasing a tract of land two miles north of Pleasanton, in Iowa. He finally settled down there on that land and soon after started the first store in Pleasanton or Pleasant Plains as it was then called. But he had two partners who went to Keokuk to buy goods, taking all the money belonging to the firm, and never returning, which left him to pay it all, and it took all he had and left him broke again. Then he moved to Fontanelle in Adair County, Iowa, and lived there about two years practicing medicine and keeping a drug store and the Fontanelle post office. Then he moved back down to Decatur County and rented the old farm and was living there when Brethren Blair and Briggs first came through that country. And I think it was on their second trip that here were six baptized, my sister Elizabeth among that number. My father never united with the Reorganization though never opposed it. I remember his taking his team at one time and taking Brethren Blair and Briggs to Fontanelle one hundred miles north. You will see the account of this in the reminiscences of Brother Blair, and of Briggs, also an account of the baptism of which I speak. He lived on the old farm as a rented home one or two years and then bought forty acres across the Grand River at New Buda. The fall and winter of 1860 he left his home in New Buda, Iowa, and preached at his old home over in Illinois, having held a debate on the way with a Methodist preacher. He returned home in the spring of 1861 just about the time the war broke out. He was opposed to the war but was a strong union man and when the militia and home guards of southern Iowa and northern Missouri gathered to intercept General Price when he made his raid up through northern Missouri, G. M. Hinkle was chosen colonel to lead the forces. This was in July, 1861. Being caught out in a heavy rainstoml and poorly protected he caught a severe cold which was the cause of his death in the same year. I have been told by prominent men of Iowa that G. M. Hinkle might have been governor of Iowa had it not been for his religious views. And you see he maintained these views though it cost him that. During his sickness in the fall of 1861 prominent Saints such as A. W. Moffit, George Morey, Ebenezer Robinson, Robert Booth, and many others stood by and cared for him and one of them preached his funeral sermon. He always maintained that the leading men of the church had never given him a chance to explain his actions in Missouri and had condemned him on the spot withoutjudge or jury, and having once condemned him they stuck to it and never gave him a chance. Quoting from church History, volume 2, page 262, the historian quoted a History Qf Caldwell and Livingston Counties as saying, "Doubtless this officer was actuated by the noble motive of desiring to save the lives of scores if not hundreds of his brethren in his actions." Farther, on page 263, "Colonel G. M. Hinkle was a Kentuckian and personally brave and fearless. He did not fear danger for himself but for his brethren and his course it must be admitted was certainly for the best." So you see the historians of the world are willing to give him credit for doing the best for his people that could be done under the circumstances. Now I maintain that had it not been for the action of G. M. Hinkle on that day, the order of General Boggs would have been carried out, and the leaders of the church would have been killed with all their families. Consequently there would have been no Latter Day Saint church to-day. And I hold that that was the greatest day's work that had been done since the organization of the church in 1830. G. M. Hinkle rather favored the leadership of Sidney Rigdon after the but was always an ardent opposer of and his reign and . I believe this will show to any fair-minded man that my father, G. M. Hinkle, did exactly the right thing at the right time.38

38/owr#cz/ o/fJz.sfory, Volume 33 ( 1920) :444-48. MISSOURI MOF"ON FF20NTIER FOUNDATION Number Jan - A ril 2004 Pa

George M. Hinkle has not been located in the 1830 or 1840 Federal census. 1850 Mercer County, IL (Township 15 North, Range 4 West),18 October 1850, p. 395, dwelling 701, family 701 : George M. Hinkle, 47 famer, $ 1000, born KY; Mary Hinkle, 39, born PA; Andrew J. Hinkle, 21 famer, born IN; George A. Hinkle,16, farmer, born MO; Elizabeth Hartman,16, born PA; Lucinda Hinkle,12, born MO; Joun Hartman, 11 born PA; William Hartman, 7, born PA; John T. J. J. H. Hinkle, 6, born IA; Rebecca C. Hinkle, 4, born OH; Michel Hinkle, 2, born EL; Samuel J. Hinkle, 6 months, born EL; George W. Hartman, 22, tailor, born PA.

1852 Iowa State Census Louisa County, IA (Grandview Township). 1856 Iowa State Census, Decatur County (Buda Township), p. 372, dwelling 11, family 13 : G. M. Hinkle 55, married, 4 years in state, born KY, farmer; Mary Hinkle, 47, 4 years in state, born PA, domestic, Elizabeth Hartman, 20, born PA; Win Hartman,14, born PA; I.. Thomas Hinkle,12, born IA; Micale L. Hinkle,10, born IL; Samuel J. Hinkle, 8, born IL; Charles Hinkle, 4, born IA; Georg W. Hartman, 22, tailor, born PA.

1860 Decatur County, IA (New Buda Township, PO New Buda),13 July 1860, p. 86, dwelling 628, family 593: George M. Hinkle, 60, physician and minister, $ 1600/930, born KY; Mary Hinkle, 51, born PA; Thomas J. Hinkle,16, far.mer, born IA; Mikel L. Hinkle,11, born EL; Samuel J. Hinkle,10, born IL; Charles M. Hinkle, 8, born IA; Elizabeth Hartman, 26, born PA; William Hartman,19, farmer, born PA.

1870 Decatur County, IA (Hamilton Twp., Pleasanton), 26 August 1870, p. 307, dwelling 121, family 120; NARA M593-386: Mary Hinkle, 61, farmer, $4000, born ; Micheal Hinkle, 21, farm laborer, born Germany; Samuel,19, farm laborer, born IA; Charles,17, farm laborer, born Iowa. Next door, dwelling 122, family 121 : Elizabeth Hartman, 38, farming, $1600/250, born PA; Catherine Dixon, 29, keep house, born IA; Frances Hartman, 29 (male), carpenter, $0/1100; born IL; Martha J. Hartman, 26, keep house, born EL; 2 children born Illinois.

Children of George March and Sarah Am (Stark) Hinkle, per his son Samuel J. Hinkle;39

1. Morgan Bingly Hinkle, born 1826. On 11 November 1848 in Marion county, Missouri, Morgan 8. Hilikle, Hannibal, Marion County, declared that he served as a Private in the company of Missouri Volunteers commanded by Capt. John Knapp.1St Regiment of st. Louis Legion, from 18 May to 28 August 1846. He received Bounty Warrant #4667 for 40 acres, issued on 14 June 1849. On 18 September 1857 in Napa County, California, Morgan 8. Hinkle, aged 31, of said county, declared that he volunteered as a private in the War with for six months. A warrant for an additional 120 acres of land was issued to Morgan on 30 November 1857.40 Morgan 8. Hinkle, with George W. Clark and Jonathan E. Pond, used Military Scrip Warrant Patents on 10 November 1860 to purchase two tracts in Lake County, California.4] J. E. Pond was an attorney, age 30 in 1860, in Napa, California.42 2. Andrew Jackson Hinkle, born ca.1829, hdiana, per 1850 census. Prior to the 1870 census he married Sarah (-? -) Bowers who was born in Scotland ca.1829, per census records. A. J.

39/o#r#cz/ o/Hz.sfory Volume 33 (1920) :444. Middle names are from records of J. G. Hinkle, DDS, Bethany, MO., Henckel Genealogical Bulletin, Vohame 7 (Spring \976) ..256. 4°Mexican War Service Bounty Land Records, National Archives; abstracted by Fred Dorman, Washington D.C. 4tMilitary Scrip Wanant Patents #94194, Serial #CACAAA014660. Parcels: Township 012N, Range 007W. S 1/2 SE Section 13 and NW NE Section 24, Township 12-N, Range 7-W. Mount Diablo Meridian, Lake County, CA; http://www.glorecords.blm.gov. 421860 Napa County, CA (Napa Township, Napa City), 24 July 1860, p. 93, dwelling 732, family 727; M653-61. el6 Number33 Jan-A ril 2004 MISSOURI MORMON FRONTIER FOUNDATION

Hinkle resided at Green Rldge, Manitoba, in 1881 when Joseph Smith Ill wrote to him. 1870 Decatur County, IA (Hamilton Twp., Pleasanton), 26 August 1870, p. 307, dwelling 124, family 123; NARA M593-385: drdrew Hinkle, 41, famer, $0/100, born IL; Sarah, 41, keep house, born Scotland; 5 Bowers children born in Scotland. 3. George Alma Hinkle, born ca.1834 in Missouri, per the 1850 census with his parents and the 1860 census when he was enumerated as a miner in a boarding house in Butte County, California. 1860 Butte County, DA (Kimshaw Township, Booth Mills),16 July 1860, p. 605, Dwelling 944, Family 908; M653-56. 1870 White Pine County, P`IV (City of Shemantown), 24 July 1870, p. 560, dwelling 2733, family 430; M593-835: George Hinkle, 26, sluce miner, born MO; Barbara, 36, born OH; George A., 5, born Utah Territory; Anna C., 2, born NV. 4. Lucinda Jane Hinkle, born 6 January 1836 and died 29 March 1904, probably in Mahaska County, Iowa. Her husband Simon Covey was born 29 January 1829 and died 24 January 1911. They are buried in Butler, also called Weldon, Cemetery, Jefferson Township, Mahaska County, Iowa.43 Lucinda was born in Missouri, per the census returns, and married Simon Covey on 14 May 1854. He was born in Broome County, New York, the son of Hiram and Aurelia Ann (Clinton) Covey. They had nine children.44 1860 Mahaska County, IA (Scott Township, PO Auburn), p.1-2, dwelling 7, family 7; M653-334: Simon Covey, 31 farmer, $2000/700, born NY; Lucinda J., 22, housewife, born MO; 2 children born IA. 1870 Mahaska County, IA (Jefferson Township, PO Feny),10 June 1870, p. 259, dwelling 58, family 58; M593-408: S. Covey, 42, farmer, $2400/1225, b. NY; L. Covey, 32, keeping house, born MO. 1880 Mahaska County, IA (Jeiferson Township), p. 453; MARA T9-354: Simon Covey, 51, farmer, born NY, parents born NY; Lucinda J. Covey, wife, 42, keeping house, born MO, parents born KY/IN; 3 sons born IA. 1900 Mahaska County, IA (Jefferson Township), 1 June 1900, p.117, dwelling 10, family 10; T623-446; Simon Covey, born Jan 1829, 71, married 46, famer, born NY, parents born NY; Lucindia J. Covey, wife, born Jar 1838, 62, 3/3 children, born MO, parents born KY/IN; 1 granddaughter. 1910 Mahaska County, IA (Jefferson Township),12 May 1910, p.10, dwelling 200, family 204; T624-412: Simon Covey, father 81, widowed, born NY, parents born NY; with Arthur Covey, 40. 5. John Thomas Jefferson James Henderson Hinkle,45 born ca.1844 in Iowa, per the 1850 and 1860 censuses. He died during the Civil War, per his brother Samuel's statement, above.

Children of George March and (2) Mary (Loman) Hartman Hinkle, per his son S. J. Hinkle.46

6. Rebecca c. Hinkle,47 born ca.1846 in ohio, perthe 1850 census. She died young according to her brother's statement and is not with her parents in the 1860 census. 7. Micheal Loman Hinkle, born 24 November 1848, near Duncans prairie, Mercer county,

43"Mahaska County, Iowa, Cemeteries," LDS Microfilm #985367. The 1900 census shows Lucinda born

January 1938. [sic, awc] 44Family records of Beryl Orr, October 2002, [email protected]. Family associations place this Lucinda as the daughter of George M. Hinkle. Members of the Covey family were active in the early Mormon Church and Simon's father Hiramj Covey (Hope2 Covey, James Hope' Covey) was a first cousin of Benjamrf Covey (Walter-' Covey, James Hope` Covey) who appears as a defendant in the above case at Far West of "State vs. Joseph Smith Jr., et al." to which George M. Hinkle testified as a witness for the State. 45Full name in records of J. G. Hinkle, DDS, Bethany, MO; He#c4e/ Ger!ecz/ogz.ccz/ Bw//e/I.#, Volume 7:256. 46/owr7tcz/ a/frz.I/ory Volume 33 (1920) :444. Middle names are from records of J. G. Hinkle, DDS, Bethany, MO., Henckel Genealogical Bulletin, Vdr:\rm!e 7 (Spins \976) ..256. 47The records of J. G. Hinkle, DDS, Bethany, MO, show her name as Rebecca Fulton Hinkle; fJenc4e/

Genealogical Bulletin, V Ofu:rn!f3 7 ..2S6 . MISSOURI MORMON FRONTIER FOUNDATION Number23 Jan -A ril 2004 Pa

Illinois,48 and died 19 May 1940. Lydia A. (Emmons) Hinkle was born 22 September 1854 and died 20 September 1933. They are buried near his father in Hamilton Cemetery, Decatur County, Iowa.49 1880 Decatur County, IA (Fayette Township),1 July 1880, p. 301, dwelling 152, family 154; NARA T9-336: Michael Hinkle, 31, married, farmer, born H,, parents born KY/MD; Lydia Hinkle, 25, [no relationship], keeping house, born IL; parents born IN; 2 children born IA. 8. Samuel James Hinkle, born 11 April 1850, near Duncans prairie, Mercer county, Illinois.50 He married Sarah N. (-? -) prior to the birth of his daughter ca.1875, and moved to Stillwater, Oklahoma, in 1890. Sarah apparently died ca.1890-1895. Samuel J. Hinkle, aged 44, married Anna Zundel, aged 23, on 17 February 1895, Payne County, Oklahoma. Samuel was born in Illinois, the son of G. M. & Mary (Loman) Hinkle. Arma was the daughter of Joseph and M. E. (Corland) Zundel.5t 1890 Oklahoma Territorial Census, County 6 (Township 9, Stillwater),11 June 1890, p.1148: Samuel J. Hinkle, 40, born IL; Sarah N., wife, 35, born Iowa; 2 daughter born IA; all had been in OK 4 months. 1900 Payne County, OK (Clayton Township),11 June 1900, p. 72, dwelling 121, family 122; T623-1341: Samuel J. Hinkle, 50, born April 1850, IA, parents born PA, married 5 yrs, farmer; Anna, wife, 29, born October 1870, IA, parents born IL/MO, 2/2 children born OK; 1 laborer. 9. Charles Mullen Hinkle, bom27 March 1852 and died 23 March 1913, RedFork, Tulsa County, Oklahoma, aged 60 years, 11 months. Inez Comelious Hinkle was born 5 March 1858 and died 6 May 1917. They share a marker in Clinton Oakes Cemetery, Tulsa, Oklahoma.521880 Decatur County, IA (Davis City), p. 282; MARA T9-336: Charles Hinkle, 28, born IA, parents born KYffA; Inos Hinkle, 22, born EL, parents born IL/OH; 2 sons born IA. 1900 Decatur County, IA (Eden Township), p. 230,16 June 1900, dwelling 107, family 108; NARA T623-428: Charles M. Hinkle, March 1852, 48, married 24 years, born IA, parents born KY/PA; Inez C. Hinkle, wife, born March 1858; 42, 7/7 children, born EL, parents born IN/OH; 4 children born IA. 1910 Tulsa County, OK (3rd Ward, Red Fork),19 April 1910, p. 54, dwelling 51, family 54; NARA T624-1274; Charles M. Hinkle, 58, 2nd , married 33 years, born IA, parents born KYffA; Inez C. Hinkle, wife, 52,1St marriage, 7/7 children, born IL, parents born OH/OH; 4 children born IA.

Children of Mary Hartman who were raised by George M. Hinkle (not Hinkle descendants):

a. George w. Hartman wasbomca. 20 July 1826 as he died 22 July 1865, aged 39 years, 2 days, and is buried in Old Davis City Cemetery, Burwell Township, Decatur County, Iowa.53 1860 Decatur County, IA (Burrell Township, New Buda), 7 July 1860, p. 68, dwelling 486, family 472; M653-318: George W. Hartman, 34, farmer, $1,000/300, t)om PA; Mary Hartman, 25, born IN; Frank Hartman,1, born IA. b. Elizabeth Hartman, born ca.1834 in pemsylvania, per census enumerations. She was urmarried in 1870.

48/owr72cz/ o/fJz.s/ory, Volume 33 ( 1920) :444. 49The birth date on Micheal's tombstone agrees with the date in his brother's statement. Tombstone inscriptions, Hamilton Cemetery, Decatur County, IA; http ://Rootsweb. com/~iadecatu/cemeteryDocs/Hamilton.html. 50/oc"cz/ o/frz.story, Volume 33 (1920) :444. 5`Payne County, OK, Marriage Records. 52Tombstone inscriptions ; www. interment.net/data/us/ok/tulsaclintonoaks/clinton_hj.htm. Date and place of death from "Death Certificate of c. M. Hinkle," Oklahoma State Board of Health,1913, File #1615. 53http://www.rootsweb.com/~iadecatu/cemeteryDocs/DCold.html el8 Number33 Jan-A ril 2004 MISSOURI MOFtMON FRONTIER FOUNDATION

c. William Hartman, born 7 March 1840 in Green castle, Franklin county, Pennsylvania, and died 2 October 1899. Eliza Hartman, his wife, was born 5 February 1845 and died 3 November 1912. They are buried in Old Davis City Cemetery, Burwell Township, Decatur county, |Owa.54

Addenda by Amette W. Curtis

A Goverrment Land Office records index search for George M. Hinkle at www.glorecords.blm.gov finds 3 1istings. The land descriptions match those from the Missouri State land records at the Caldwell County, Missouri courthouse and indexed by Clark V. Johnson. The dates are different. You will note the long lag time between the date of entry (date the land was paid for in full at the local land office, (Lexington, Missouri in this case) and the date that the federal government actually issued the patent document. How long it took that patent doculnent to arrive in the hands of the purchaser can only be a matter of speculation, perhaps never for those who had moved. The purchaser was given a certificate or receipt documenting his purchase at the land office. Those could be used for proof of ownership. One is reproduced on the cover oL4# J7cc7ex /o Eczr/)/ Ccz/dwe// Co%7cty, "iss'o%H. I,4#d jzecorcis by Clark V. Johnson & Ronald E. Romig (Independence MO: Missouri Mormon Frontier Foundation, 2002. References are made to them in the Redress Petitions. For historical research those receipts/certificates are more valuable than the official land patent. In addition to the name of the purchaser and the legal description found on both, the land office included the price paid and the date of the actual transaction. All of the federal land patents in the GLO,listed below, were issued to "George M. Hinkel" and all are for land in Caldwell County, Missouri. Federal patent issue date; Legal description; Acres; C ertificate no.; Accession/Serial No.

;;i;:::: E¥w :::::I;:%; :: i::;:%::#:;:

Township 56, Range 29 is the present Mirable Township. Township 56, Range 27 is the present New York Township. If the mails were fast enough it is possible that George M. Hinkle received the second two patents before being forced to leave. For some reason, the first was delayed for almost 5 years (1837 to 1843). Everyone hears the phrase "keep your receipt." That tract was undoubtedly sold at least once, and possibly more, on the basis of the receipt. Postscript note: The number described in the George March Hinkle article as the "patent number" is actually only Clark Johnson's database number. Although it looks like an important number, it will not be found on any original document. In the Clay County Tax List for 1836 George M. Hinkle is listed as George Henkle, owning 1 head of cattle worth the standard $ 10 and he is also taxed for one poll (himself). [/836 CJcz}; Col/7?fy, A4iss'o%rz. rcL¥ £isf ... / Curtis. Independence MO: MMFF, 2003.]

54http://www.rootsweb.com/~iadecatu/cemeteryDocs/DCold.html MISSOURI MORMON FRONTIER FOUNDATION Numbera3 Jam -A ril 2004 Pa More About the Families of Thornton and Doniphan

The next two articles came into the hands of Bill and Armette Curtis from the estate of Russell Dye of Liberty, Missouri. He was the last to live in a venerable old house in Liberty (fmally demolished by the William Jewell College) which had been the last home for several people who inherited accumulated belongings of such notable families as Thomton, Doniphan, and Miller. Due to a fire in the pioneer log portion of the mansion and subsequent deterioration, not everything was in good order but there were many gems. These were among the trash thrown out of a window before the estate sale which, incidentally, was held during a rain. The author of the Doniphan piece is unknown.

GENERAL ALEXANDER W. DONIPHAN Ancestors ±E4 family Marshall af ter graduating at Augusta The name Doniphan is a coupling College Ky. and opened practice in up of the Spanish DON IPHAN. In the Lexington, Mo. in 1830. He was sixteenth century Don Iphan of commissioned a Brigadier General in was banished by Phillip 11 of Spain 1838 at the age of 30 and was the for showing leniency to captives when Commanding General to whom Joseph he was an of f icer in the Moorish Young [sic, Smith (awc)], Mormon Wars. He fled to Scotland in 1570 leader turned over the fortifications and married a Highland heiress named of Far West in Caldwell County. He Mott. His sons fled from Scotland in later acted as attorney for Smith, 1650 for loyalty to Charles Ist and Brigham Young [sic, not Brigham Young settled in Virginia. One became a directly (awc)] and others whose judge of the County of Richmond and confidence he retained during life. died there in 1682. Charles IInd In 1846 he was elected Colonel of rewarded them with a grant on land the First Mo. Volunteers Regiment and near Williamsburg where the family led them during the Mexican War, resided until the Revolutionary War. becoming temporary governor of New Five brothers served in the Army, one Mexico Territory during the process. George being killed in the battle of His unit Adjutant was Captain Moss Brandywine [1777] beside his brother who homesteaded the property now Joseph,. both serving under Captain owned by the owens family at the Marshall, company commander, later first crossroads on Hiway 10 West of Chief Justice Marshall. General Liberty. He departed Liberty, where [Alexander W.] Doniphan was the he assembled his Volunteers, via the youngest child of Joseph above `old Richmond Road' which was named mentioned, being born in 1808. His Doniphan Road and later Doniphan f ather was teaching in Mason County Street in his honor. The Regiment Kentucky in the f irst school in the was some 1050 strong being about 850 state at this time, in Fort combat men and 200 teamsters. They Boonsborough. His father died at the covered better than three thousand age of 74 in 1814 when Alexander was miles, .mostly on foot. When they 6 years old, and the boy was raised returned in 1847 in July to St. by is uncle Thomas [sic, older Louis, Senator Benton greeted them in brother Thomas (awc)] , father John a great celebration. Volunteers Doniphan who died around 1900 returning to Liberty included all of Platte City, and was a lawyer note Company C surviving something over a in the West. hundred men. Thomas Mccarty was Career First Sergeant, A. K. Mcclintock He stud.led law with Martin Fourth Sgt., John Groom was Third e20 Number33 Jan-A ril 2004 MISSOURI MOF`MON FF`ONTIER FOUNDATION

Corporal among others. Many names earlier ef forts in the Indian Wars he who fought in World Wars I and 11 was able to so dispose his men that were also on this old company roll. the foe often gave in without a f ight Abraham Estes, Wash Bell, .ames as it was evident to them that their Cooper, Paley Carpenter, Spencer situation was hopeless. This. Faubion, Williard Hall, Dewilton ability at scouting and strategy was Mosby, two Pences, Peter Pixlee, John never better shown than during the Shouse among many other names Mexican War. His first act was when including Jack Laidlaw, colored. he directed First Sgt Mccarthy and Circumstances of DoniT)hans lif e Rifleman James Chorn in taking His father freed all of his prisoner a son of General Salazar, a slaves before his death in 1814 remarkable f eat under the giving each colored man 40 acres and circumstances. The Clay County a mule. This event made a deep Company took part in the engagements impression on Alexander Doniphan and at Bracito and at Sacramento on Feb 8 he never later acquired slaves. This 1847. At Sacramento only two and his reception of a Federal Americans were killed and more than Commission as Brigadier General in 30 Mexicans were slain, thanks to the 1838 and service in the Mexican War very strategic dispositions which caused him to sit out the Civil War Gen. Doniphan made of his troops. which he regretted as did many in The magnitude of his victory may be Clay County. better considered when it is known After the war he practiced in that his opposition was four times Western Missouri until he retired in the size of his force of one thousand 1874. He was active with his cousin men. On the whole it was the policy [sic, nephew (awc)] Col. John of General Doniphan to concentrate Doniphan in getting railroads into his men where the enemies command was Kansas City, Leavenworth, Atchison found to exist and attack it first, (named af ter his commanding general his ability at scouting making this in 1838) and generally in Western possible . Missouri. General Taylor, then EiE family president, Fillmore and Abraham General Doniphan married Jane Lincoln each of f ered him federal Thornton af ter whose family Thornton positions, which he declined. He station was named later Thornton hoped as long as he lived for the addition between Liberty and Kansas return to simple government of the City. There were two children type which he knew before the civil Alexander Junior and John whose war. Apparently he would to have portraits were painted by Bingham. lived long indeed to see this take Both unfortunately died while young. place . Militarv exploits Footnote: A. W. Doniphan did have slaves, General Doniphan had the genius whether acquired by himself or inheritance thin his of military movement which in all wife. -awc. ages has made great generals. In his

Thornton Daughters

Sheridan Ashton Logan, the author of the next Louise, and John Byme Logan. Sheridan Logan piece, was born in 1901 and raised in St. Joseph, graduated from Harvard University in 1923 and worked Missouri. He died 7 November 2003 at the age of 102. at the First National Bank of New York for 43 years. He He is the author of C)/d S/. Jo, Gcz/en;cz}; /o /%e Wesj / 799- became executive secretary for the George F. Baker 1932 (\979) a:nd George Baker and His Bank 1984- Trust, whose scholarship service sent thousands of young /9jJ.. He was the oldest son of John S. Logan Jr. and men to college. After retiring he returned to St. Joseph Cecelia. His siblings were Thomas Ashton, Mary and became known as a St. Joseph historian, author and MISSOURI MORMON FRONTIER FOUNDATION Nunbef£3 Jam -A ril 2004 Pa

Missouri Western State College benefactor. A in St. Louis. Remember that name -you will hear handwhtten note was attached to this piece, typed to it again. perfection and stapled, which was prepared for a talk in In 1816 Howard County was organized, with Liberty, Missouri over thirty years ago. Parts are Franklin the County seat. The expansion of the excerpted here. population was rapid, the settlers of that time Thursday Dec 24 1970 a)ea~9Lth6&- coming mostly from Kentucky,.Virginia, Tennessee, Qdrprtry9gat"cafra4tA~nde4i4€giv;/a~.a®iae!,a„ and North Carolina. Many of them owned slaves, so pfrog®o^z{„ca«quq/,and,nd^z;A".`~apha;q£&, naturally they brought them to their new homes. In ca~

When Mr. Pharis invited Fred Hyde and me to feeling, steadily rising, that slavery should at least - Liberty this evening, he said l`could pick my own be confined to the areas where it was already in subject. So I cast about for something that would existence and by no means be allowed to extend tie together the rich history of Liberty and our further. Finally, the balance in Congress between twenty year younger heritage in St. Joseph. I hope the Free States and the Slave States was preserved by the admission in 1820 of Missouri as a Slave you will agree that I have found the bridge in the remarkable "First Family" of the Thorntons of State and as a Free State. The genius of Liberty and the several worthy daughters who Henry clay solved the impass by the "Missouri brought so much of their culture and background to Compromise", whereby it was agreed that never "Our Town." again would slavery be permitted in any Territory north of the southern boundary of Missouri. [Here he gives a brief chronology and history of the Louisiana Purchase.] Kansas, Nebraska, and the tra`gic War Between the By 1810 a colony of about 150 families, States was just thirty years away. chiefly Kentuckians, had congregated in the region So, Missouri became a State in 1821, and of what is now Howard County, near the present Alexander MCNair was elected the first governor. In town of Franklin. The population of the Territory 1821, cut out of the vast area of Howard County, had reached about 20,000. was established the County of Ray. In the next In 1812 Congress again changed the name of year, cut out of Ray, was established the County of the Territory of Louisiana to the Territory of Clay. So, in a two year period, the people living Missouri, and in 1813 William Clark (of the Lewis here [in Clay County] in their log houses were and Clark expedition) was appointed Territorial citizens of three different counties. Governor. The first General Assembly was held in ` John Thornton was born in Lancaster County December, 1812, at the house of Joseph Robidoux, Pennsylvania, in 1786 and died in clay County, e22 Number33 Jan-A ril 2004 MISSOURI MORMON FF{ONTIER FOUNDATION

Missouri, in 1847 at the age of 61. I have been told mile east of the original log house. That is "Western that he was of the same family as the Thornton who Farm", part of which is still standing, about five was the original. architect of the United States miles from here -and of which Mr. Hyde will show Capitol in Washington, D.C. you pictures. When a child of seven years, in 1793, he was Col. John Thornton was a striking fig.u;e of a taken to Kentucky by his father, and educated in man, a perfection of manly form, over six feet tall Law. In 1817, when he was 31, he came out to Old and admirably proportioned. George Bingham, Franklin in Howard County. There, in the winter of Missouri's great artist, said on one occasion to his 1818, he met Miss Elizabeth Clarke Trigg, daughter daughters: "It has been thirty years since I painted of General Stephen Trigg. General Trigg's father had served under General Washington as Major of Col. Thornton's portrait -his face was Artillery at the siege of Yorktown and the surrender so striking I could paint it today from of Lord Cornwallis. He himself had been a Colonel memory.„ of Volunteers in the War of 1812, and a few years He was a very active man and useful citizen. He on beyond this point in our story was to be was elected six times to the Legislature of Missouri appointed Major General of the Missouri Militia. and was twice Speaker of the House. He was John Thornton and Elizabeth Trigg were Chairman of the Commission that chose Jefferson married February 10,1820. A few months later City as the site of the capital of Missouri. From they moved to what was to become Clay County, 1824 to 1829 his regiment patrolled Northwest and about five miles southwest of here he Missouri, dominating and controlling the accumulated about 1,800 acres of land and built a movements of the Indian Tribes. At one time he comfortable log house - two structures with a even reinforced the garrison at Fort Leavenworth, breezeway in between. then a young army post facing attacks by the The first County Court of the newly organized Indians. Notwithstanding all these activities, Col. Clay County convened in Liberty, February 11, Thornton was a great farmer and businessman, who 1822, and John Thornton was one of the three invested in lands in all parts of Miss,ouri although judges. At this time this was near the edge of white his main holdings were in Clay and Lafayette settlement in America. In 1823 Thornton built a log Counties. He also engaged in the mercantile blockhouse on his land which was frequently business in Weston, Missouri, in partnership with . occupied by the women and children during Indian Peter H. Burnett, later the first governor of alarms. General Trigg appointed his son-in-law, California. His younger brother, Judge William Thornton, a Colonel, in the Missouri Militia and Thornton, had his holdings in Ray County, and he charged him with the responsibility for protecting gave a large part of his land for the site of the town the frontier from the Indians. It was Thornton's of Richmond, Missouri. letters to President Monroe that brought Henry Col. John Thornton and his wife, Elizabeth Leavenworth out to Liberty. After discussion, it was Trigg, had eight children, seven daughters and one decided that the best place to establish a military Son: installation was West of the Missouri River -and 1) Jane born l823 married General that is how Fort Leavenworth came to be Alexander W. established. Doniphan, hero of From 1824 to 1830 Colonel Thornton was in the Mexican War. command of the 28th Regiment of Missouri Militia 2) Caroline born 1823 married capt. oliver under General Stephen Trigg, his father-in-law. Perry Moss In 1829 he built a large Brick home one-half 3) Adeliza born l824 marriedwilliam MISSOURI MORMON FRONTIER FOUNDATION Number32 Jan -A ril 2004 Pa

Morton help me God." 4) Susan born l829 marriedJames H. ln 1846 he was elected Colonel of the First Baldwin Regiment of the Missouri Mounted Volunteers for 5) Mary born l929 married Robert the Mexican War and led a remarkable march over Washington Donnell a 12 month period, winning several battles, and 6) Frances born 1833 marriedcol.John covering 3,600 miles on land and 2,000 by water. Thornton He was elected to the Missouri Legislature in 7) John C. Calhoun Thornton ("Coon") born 1834 1836,1840, and 1854. The Legislature appointed 8) Theodosia(named forTheodosia Burr, him a delegate to the Peace Conference in daughter of Burr) born 1836 Washington in 1861. While he was absent from the married Leonidas M. Lawson State, he was elected to a State Convention held at St. Louis to determine whether or not Missouri lt is interesting to observe that most of these should secede. He opposed secession, but menwere born in Mason County, Kentucky. I expressed concern for States Rights. He favored suppose they knew or soon met the first of the the State adopting a position of neutrality. This Thornton sons-in-law, General Doniphan, a Mason same stance he followed personally: The Governor County man, and through him they met the highly handed him a Commission as Major General in the eligible Thornton girls. State Guard. He took no action for two weeks, then Col. Thornton died in October, 1847, and the handed it back and went to St. Louis where he home "Western Farm" was sold, the widow moving stayed until 1868. He then went to Richmond, into Liberty. She died in 1858 at the age of 57, and Missouri, practiced law and was President of the Ray General Doniphan became the leader of the family. County Savings Bank. He died in Richmond in Three of the Thornton daughters, Mrs. Donnell, 1887, but claiming Liberty as his home, is buried in Mrs.John Doniphan, and Mrs. Lawson, married men the cemetery here. who were influential in the life of St. Joseph. After He was a true leader of men. Abraham Lincoln the father, perhaps the most influential of the sons- said, after meeting Doniphan at the Washington in-law was General Alexander W. Doniphan, a Conference in 1861 : "He is the only man I ever met, after striking figure of a man, 6' 4" in height. Born 1808 in Maysville, Mason County, Kentucky, he was hearing great things of him, who fully educated in law and very eloquent. He moved to measured up to my expectations." Lexington, Missouri, in 1830, and in 1833 came to That was the husband of the oldest Thornton Liberty. He joined the Missouri Militia and daughter, Jane. Her younger sister, Mary had commanded the 1 St brigade against the Mormons at chosen another most remarkable man: Robert "Far West" in Caldwell County in 1838. He received Washington Donnell. an order from is superior officer, Major General He was born December 13, 1816, near Samuel D. Lucas, to shoot the surrendered Mormon Greensboro, North Carolina, descended from leader, Joseph Smith, and the prisoners on the ancestors who came originally from the West Coast public square. His response was to send the of Scotland. His grandfather was a Major in the following message to the General: Continental Army in the War of Independence and "lt is cold blooded murder. I will not obey was wounded at the Battle of Guilford Court House,

your order -and my brigade will march to 1871. Robert attended the University of North Liberty tomorrow morning at eight o'clock. Carolina at Chapel Hill, but before he was twenty he If you execute these men I will hold you moved to Missouri and opened a store in Clay responsible before an earthly tribunal, so County, near Liberty. There he met and married e24 Number33 Jan-A ril 2004 MISSOURI MORMON FRONTIEF3 FOUNDATION

Mary Thornton, whose father, Col. John Thornton, Robert W. Donnell retired from active business had made the original suggestion of "Missouri" for in 1884, and died at his home in New York City on the name of the State. January 4,1892. Burial was in Mount Mora He moved into the Platte Purchase in 1838, at Cemetery, St. Joseph. His only child, a son, died in Rock House Prairie, before the town of SaintJoseph infancy. He was a Christian gentleman of great was incorporated. Coming on into the new town in ability, integrity, charm, hospitality, courtesy, the early 1840's he established the earliest dry unselfishness and devotion to the interests of his goods business, the' firm of Smith & Donnell. friends. Selling out in 1848, he formed the firm of Donnell, Relatives have told me that the Donnells were Saxton & Duvall, which operated at the Southwest no blood relation of George Washington, but had corner of Fourth and Felix Streets. In 1856 the had some contact with him and out of their business was sold to R. L. MCDonald and in 1857 admiration for the General gave his middle name to Donnell and Saxton organized a branch of the Bank Robert Donnell. of the State of Missouri, Donnell becoming Another Thornton daughter, Frances, married President and Saxton Cashier. The Bank building Col. John Doniphan, the nephew of the General. still stands at the southeast corner of Fourth and John was born in 1826, was only fifteen when his Felix Streets. father died, worked as an apprentice printer in Early in 1860, Donnell was one of the group of Maysville, Mason County, Kentucky. He studied law 21 St.Joseph business men who effectively induced and went along on the Mexican expedition of his Russell, Majors & Waddell to make SaintJoseph the uncle in 1845. After the Mexican war he moved to eastern terminus of the Pony Express. When the Weston and practiced law. In 1862 he was elected War Between the States threatened in 1860-61, Colonel of the 39th Missouri Militia and was on Donnell was elected to the Constitutional active service till the end of the War. After the Civil Convention called to consider the relations between War -about 1872 -he moved to St. Joseph, and the State of Missouri and the Federal Government. was elected attorney of the St. Joseph & Denver City In 1864 Donnell turned his attention to the Railroad, now the Grand Island. He was the first Territory of Montana, establishing stores at Virginia President of the Weston, Atchison, & St. Joseph City and Helena, and becoming associated with Railroad. He was a member of the State Legislature, William A. Clark, later U. S. Senator, in the firm of served in the State Senate four years, and later was Donnell & Clark. Their business at Deer Lodge elected judge of the Court of Common pleas. After became the First National Bank of Deer Lodge. In his death in 1901, Mrs. Doniphan remained in St. 1877 Donnell helped establish a bank at Butte, Joseph with herwidowed sister, Mrs. Caroline Moss. which later became the Bank of W. A. Clark & [Here is quoted a letterwhich Mrs. Moss wrote from brother. that home to her nephew in Columbia about Uncle In 1870 Donnell moved to New York City and Perry's watch.] organized the banking firm of Donnell, Lawson & The youngest Thornton daughter, Theodosia, Simpson. This firm became the New York was probably the most interesting. She was born in correspondent of some 400 western banks and 1836 at "Western Farm'', the Thornton brick home fiscal agent for the States of Kansas, Missouri, and southwest of Liberty. She was married in Liberty, Nebraska, as well as several other western states. December,1860, in the house to which her For many years they were the largest dealers in gold widowed mother had moved in 1847, to Leonidas and silver bullion, with a branch in London, M. Lawson, professor of classics and English England. The firm participated actively in the literature at William Jewell College. The ceremony financing of numerous railway systems. was performed by Rev. William Thompson, the MISSOURI MORMON FRONTIER FOUNDATION Number3Z Jan -A ril 2004 Pa second President of williamJewell College. General died, a broken giant, in 1892, and is buried in his Doniphan gave his sister-in-law in marriage and beloved home, St. Joseph. His monument in Mt. among the prominent guests was the Commander Mora Cemetery reads: of Fort Leavenworth, Col. Philip St. George Cooke, IN MEMORIAM and his daughter, Flora, who was then the wife of J. Robert Washington Donnell E. a. Stuart, later great Confederate cavalry officer. Born in Greensboro, North Carolina After the wedding the Lawsons moved to Weston December 13, 1816 where Mr. Lawson practiced law. In 1863 Mr. Died in NewYork city January 4,1892 Donnell, the brother-in-law, reorganized the Ajust man and perfect in his generation branch of the Bank of the State of Missouri in St. Thoroughly furnished as to all good works Joseph as the State National Bank, and brought Mr. His moderation and wisdom, united to tenderness, Lawsoh into it. and sweet oblivion of self, were mingled with love As a southerner, Mr. Donnell, a prominent man and courage in a soul that was devoted to the in the predominantly southern city of St. Joseph, service of God, his family, and his fellow man. had a difficult time during the beginning of the Civil Henceforth there is laid up for him a Crown of War. He was required to sign the Oath of Allegiance righteousness. which originally contained the provision that the Mr Lawson died in 1907, and Mrs. Lawson. signer would inform on his friends. Unable to do returned to St. Joseph to live with her sister, Mrs. that Donnell was placed in jail in St. Joseph for John Doniphan. The last years of her life were not several months until, as the result of widespread affluent, and in great contrast to her expansive demand, President Lincoln modified the oath and years. Fortunately, at the time she had the funds, eliminated the requirement to inform. Mr. Donnell she erected in your Liberty cemetery those beautiful ` then went to Montana, turning over responsibility monuments of red Scotch granite to her parents for the Bank to Mr. Lawson, who brought it safely and family. She died in St. Joseph in 1935 at the through the chaotic War years in St. Joseph. The age of 99, and was buried alongside her husband building stands unchanged there today - the here in the Liberty Cemetery next to the beautiful oldest building continuously used for banking Thornton monuments. But there has been no one purposes in the United States west of the to place even a marker for her. Mississippi River. A part of my information about Mrs. Lawson In 1870 Mr. and Mrs. Lawson went to live in has come from a lady in St. Joseph who knew her New York, where he was a partner in the banking well. After she died, this lady was able to secure firm of Donnell, Lawson & Simpson. As mentioned from her sons many of her acculmulated papers and before, the firm was the largest dealer in gold and letters. There was a large carton, containing silver bullion in the world, with an office in London. volumes of her diaries, bound in red.leather, In the early 1870's Mrs. Theodosia Thornton imprinted with gold letters, covering her great years Lawson achieved the ultimate in social distinction in New York and London. There was an invitation for that time or this when she was presented at from Mrs. Vanderbilt to join them at the Court to Queen Victoria. In 1884 a Banking Panic in Metropolitan Opera in the Vanderbilt box. One time New York closed the principal depository of when my friend returned. home from a trip she Donnell, Lawson & Simpson with about two million missed the carton of Mrs. Lawson's things. So she dollars of their funds. By great sacrifices of their asked her Mother where they were. "Oh, I have personal fortunes all obligations of Donnell, Lawson been cleaning house and I couldn't stand those & Simpson were met, but the agonies and efforts around. So I threw them in the furnace." Those of levied a heavy toll on the partners. Mr. Donnell you who cherish family and historic records should e26 Number33 Jan-A ril 2004 MISSOURI MORMON FRONTIER FOUNDATION

remember that story, and try to preserve your leading places in our beloved St. Joseph. treasures. [He ends. with a summary of the history of St. So -there is only a part of the r;cord of one of Joseph including the early days of the Steamboats the great pioneer families of Clay County and and the covered wagons going west.] several of its worthy daughters who occupied

More old News

Our thanks to James Thap for finding these and passing them along to your editor.. Kcz7!sas' a.fy /il4:oJ rz.7#es, 22 May 1878, page 1, colurrm 5.

INDEPENDENCE ITEMS -Probate Court finished up its business last week and adjourned till next term. -Another lot of buggies has been brought to Independence, and will be sold at auction some time soon. -The Mormons have secured one of the r`ooms in the Bank building, in which they intend to hold services weekly. ---.- A temperance meeting will be held at the Cumberland Presbyterian church on Tuesday evening of this week. - A number of physicians from this county are in attendance at the medical convention which meets at Brownsville. -M. G. C. Peacock has Sold out his drug store on the west side of the square to M. F. W. Hurst, of Ironton, Mo. -George W. Buchanan, Esq., has been unable to attend to his business for some time past. He is now recovering. •--Blue grass, four feet four inches in length, has been exhibited in Independence lately. The grass was grown in Blue bottoms. -Berryman Chilton, living near Sibley, had his leg broken by a kick from a mule, which he was attempting to harness last week. -About 150 suits against delinquent taxpayers will be brought at the next term of the Special Law and Equity Court at hdependence. - A Geman Lutheran Church was organized at hdependence last week, with M. Glimpker, a gentleman who has just arrived from Germany, as pastor. r -Col. Mitchell, the president of the Chicago & Alton R. R., is expected in town this week to confer with the committee on securing the right of way through the city. . -The Board of Education for hdependenc6 will meet on June 4th to select a Superintendent and teachers for the public schools of the city for the next scholastic year.

K¢#sas Cz.fy rn4lo/ Wres'jer# Jowmcz/ o/Commerce, 30 August 1860, page 3, colurm 3 . Mormons Returning to Nauvoo. It h as b een g iven o ut that J oe S mith, Jr.; w ho h as r ecently b een in ade " Head of the M ormon C hurch," h as sprrmoned the faithful to return to Nauvoo, Hancock county, Ill., where their ancient temple stands. A large tract of land near the steamboat landing on the Mississippi has been purchased, it is said, for the occupancy of the Mormons, and two hundred are daily expected to arrive. Calls for precinct meeting throughout the county are published in the Warsaw Bc£//efz.# of this week, to take "immediate apd decided measures" to counteract the Mormon movement, and the excitement among the people in that region is represented as increasing daily, the public peace being threatened, and another Mormon war, like that of several years ago in the same locality, being almost certain, if the proposed movement of young Joe Smith is carried out. Possibly it is a "false alarm," but the people of Hancock county evidently believe that there is real cause for apprehension. •..=... MISSOURI MORMON FRONTIER FOUNDATION Numberjz Jam -A ril 2004 Pa New from the Missouri Mormon Frontier MMFF has a NEW BOOK ready for sale!

183 6 Clay County, Missouri State Tax List: All Taxpayers and Land Owners Are Identified, Including Mormo#s.. a#d 7lfec J835 Talc £¢w was transcribed, armotated and indexed by Armette W. Curtis, 2003. It is 125 pages plus 20 pages of front matter (introduction and the 1835 tax law), soft cover, 8 t/2 by 11 inches, spiral bound for easyuse. ISBNO-9720011-74. Price $15.00

This 1836 tax list fills a gap as a census of taxpayers non-payment of taxes, unless redeemed in one year and between the 1830 and 1840 censuses. The year is that they would be sold for the benefit of the state. All especially significant for those doing research on lands and town lots forfeited to the state, in virtue of the Mormons who were refugees there from Jackson County law, were to be sold by the collector of the revenue for after 1833. The year 1836 is just before the great the county, at public auction, for ready money, to the migration of Mormons to that part of Ray County which highest bidder, at the court house door of the county. "The sales shall be made during the session of the circuit became Caldwell County. After a delegation of influential Clay County or county court, at the first term which shall happen after residents told the Mormons it was time for them to move the lapse of ninety days from the date of forfeiture, and on, legislation was initiated at the State level to create a shall be advertised and conducted in the same manner, as place f or them to inhabit. W. W. Phelps and Bishop nearly as circumstances will permit, as in case of lands Edward Partridge went northeast into northern Ray sold under executions issued on judgments at law." County, the future Caldwell County, to investigate the Remember that this law applies to Jackson County as area. They picked out the location of Far West for a well as Clay County and all other Missouri counties. It future Momon town. (f7z.sjory o//Ae Cfe#rch, Volume 2, is surprising that this law did not come up in the Temple Chapter XXXI, especially pages 449452) By 1836 Lot Case. Unless the Jackson Countians did not consider some people were already living in what was to become that it had been abandoned as church land which was Caldwell County and a few Mormons including John and exempt from taxes, it would have been subject for unpaid Rhoda Cooper had already gone north. Family taxes long before the retiim of Hedrick and his group of researchers with people in Clay County in 1836 will find believers. information in this not found elsewhere. So now you want to see the delinquent tax list. That Historians will also find it helpful. Slave owners is another quest for published lists. listed the number and value of their slaves. Essential-s to And you want the same as the 1836 lists for the years survival like horses, mules and cattle were taxed. before and the years after. Sorry, what is on the Carriages, watches and clocks were also taxed and so microfilm for those years includes only landowners and listed by value. Tan yards, distilleries and mills were not all taxpayers for Clay County. These are from the business operations that are included in the tax list. Mills Capitol F ire D ocuments o n microfilm at the M issouri are always of special interest as an important service and State Archives. Sorry again, Caldwell and Jackson the values give an idea of their relative size. County are not included. The tax law tells us who and what were to be taxed. Of special interest in the tax law is that taxes which MMFF Books Back in Stock remained unpaid for three years were to be reported on a A Short History of Caldwell County [Missouri] descriptive list known as the delinquent tax list. After written by Bertha E. Booth in 1936 has been reprinted the lapse of one year, all the lands contained in such lists again. We now have 1000 copies on hand to fill orders, would be forfeited to the state. "The recording of the list, both retail and wholesale. This objective history was and the lapse of one year shall be full evidence, in all enhanced (1998) with an index by Armette Curtis. Price courts and places, that the title in each and every of the is $5.00 tracts of land and town lots contained in such list, has In just one year we have sold out the first printing of passed to, and vested in the state." As soon as possible loo of our reprint ot An Index to Early Caldwell County, the list was to be published in some newspaper of general Mz.s'so#rz. £cz77d Records edited by Clark V. Johnson and circulation, accompanied by a notice, that the lands Ronald E. Romig, 2002. The new price will be $20.00. contained therein would be forfeited to the state for the e28 Number33 Jan-A ril 2004 MISSOURI MORMON FRONTIER FOUNDATION

News of Interest About Other Or anizations About JWHA

The Historical Association will hold JWIIA is offering 16 audio cassettes of conference its annual meeting in Council Bluffs, Iowa, September speakers at $6.00 each including shipping and handling. 23-26, 2004. Mark Scherer is the current president of Contact Ken Mulliken to order. Check out their website JWIIA. Jan Shipps, president-elect of JWHA, is the -www.JWIIA.info. New features will include online chair of the 2004 Conference Program Committee. membership renewal, online conference and banquet The Spring Banquet was held Saturday, March 27, registration and online editions of the JWHA newsletter. 2004 at 6 p.in. at Ophelia's Restaurant on the In an attempt to promote archaeological research at hdependence Missouri Square. The featured speaker was Haun's Mill, the JWIIA Board approved a dona.tion of Dr. Thomas W. Muxphy, Chair of the Department of $300 to the Far West Cultural Center's 2004 Summer Anthropology at Edmonds Community College in Archaeology Camp, under the direction of paul DeBarth Lynnwood, Washington. He is the author of the article, and Mike Riggs. More information is available at ``Lamanite Genesis, Genealogy, and Genetics. www.farwesthistory.com.

Caldwell County -Far West Cultural Center Mike Riggs

The Rich Log House historical site will be open 13 . The first day of the dig is spent in orientation visits from March through October (closed Sundays). The to other sites and acclimation to the history of this Far West Cultural Center is just off "D" highway, only Ire. gion. The next four days are productively engaged in five miles south of the Temple site. In 2003 nearly six work at the Haun's Mill Settlement site. thousand people came to the site. The 2004 Archaeology Camp fee is $100 for five Following a two year process to resolve zoning days. Contact FWCC about scholarship opportunities on issues that have restricted business activity at the 1837 a first come basis (4 sponsored by MNI). Preference Log House site near Mirable, Missouri, Mike Riggs, will be given to adults who volunteer to assist with dig Director of the Far West Cultural Center is pleased to orew supervision. Participants must be Junior High age announce a successful conclusion has been a chieved. students and up. You may chose either a day camp for During the Caldwell County Commission meeting on the full camping experience for a slightly higher fee. the afternoon of 8 March 2004, all three Commissioners (See htto://www.FarwestHistorv.com/arch.asp for voted to accept the recommendation of the Zoning details on camping/meals cost) Commission and re-zoned 30 acres of agricultural land To reserve your place contact Michael RIggs at: Far into a commercial designation. The archaeology West Cultural Center, 3500 SW Duroc Road, Kingston summer camps conducted through the Far West Cultural MO 64650; phone (816) 586-2319; e-mail: Center also can now be expanded and improved as a farwest@,cameron.net: or visit result of the zoning change. www.FarwestHistorv.com where you can also find The revised zoning means opportunities will now be more information. available for other interested potential small b usiness It is estimated that over 30,000 visitors come to the owners to open their own shops at the Far West Cultural Far W est t emple s ite e ach y ear. T here a re v ery f ew Center. This will allow Dutch Oven Cooking ®y places in the county where purchases can be made of appointment) to provide food on site. Visitors may truly either food, material related to the history of the area, or get in the spirit of the pioneers on a trip to Caldwell souvenirs. For more information about the Far West County, Missouri. Cultural Center and the archaeology summer camp Would you like to spend a week in a beautiful program, visit their website www.FarwestHistorv.com rural setting as you work at uncovering the artifacts of or call Michael S. Riggs at (186) 586-2319. the Far West period of Mormon history (1836-1838)? Donations to the FWCC continue to be needed and This year more archaeological work will be done at the are very much appreciated. You may eamark your Haun's Mill Settlement site. Dates scheduled are June donations to FWCC through the MITF Log House 7-11, June 13-18, June 21-25, June 28-July 2, Aug. 9- Fund. Thank You. MISSOURI MORMON FRONTIER FOUNDATION Nunberj# Jan -A ril 2004 Pa

Publications Order Fomi THE MISSOURI MORMON FRONTIER FOUNDATION P.O. Box 3186, hdependence MO 64055

£4 Sfeorf ffz.s/ory o/Ccz/dwe// Cow7!fy by Bertha Booth, 193 6, reprinted with new index 1998 . 65 pages, index, paperback, 5 I/2x 8 I/2 ISBN: 0-9720011-0-7 Price $5.00

Eczdy J7zdepe7cde#ce, A4iss'ozJrz. ":A4lormo# " rot# GZJz.de by Ronald E. Romig, illustrated by Henry houye, revised 2003. 45 pages. Paperback, 9.5 x 11" ISBN 0-9720011-6-6 Price $6.00

j47c J#dex fo Eczdy Ccz/dwe// Cow7!ty, A4issowrz., £cz#d Reco7ids edited by Clark V. Johnson and Ronald E. Romig, 2002. Revision of 1994 limited edition by Clark V. Johnson. xxiv, 242 pages, 12 township plats, maps ofFar West, current road map. Spiral, 8.5 x 11" (2nd printing) ISBN: 0-9720011-5-8 Price $20.00

J¢cdso# Cog/7!fy, A4iss'o#rz. A4lo777co7z Hz.s'forz.c Sz.fee by William J. Curtis, 2002. Heavily illustrated with photographs, 59 pages, paperback, 5.5 x 8.5" ISBN 0-9720011-5-8 Price $5.00

1836 Clay County, Missouri State Tcoc List: All Taxpayers and Land Owners Are Identified, Including. A4lo7'77'!oHS, cz#d ffee J83J rizx fczw. Transcribed, annotated and indexed by Amette W. Curtis, 2003. xx,125pages,softcover,8.5x 11" ISBNO-9720011-74 Price$15.00 IVEW

Early Jackson County Missouri: The ``Mormon" Scttlement on the Big Blue RIver: A Guided Tour Z72roztgfe rz.me by Ronald E. Romig., illustrated by Henry K. houye, Jr. 1996. vii, 34 pages; comb binding, 8/5xll" ISBN 0-9720011-2-2 Price $9.00 2nd printing forthcoming

A4n4F:F Ivews/e#ers /-23, /993-/ 888 wz.fie J#dex, cumulation of back issues bound for handy reference, about270 pages. Paperback, 8.5 x 11" ISBNO-9720011-3-1 Price $20.00

To complete the set of our periodical publication, back issues of Adz.srsot4rz. A4lo7-mo# Fro77fz.er are available, Issues 24 through 32. $3 per issue postpaid or $10 for the complete.set, please add postage.

Quantity purchases for re-sale are discounted and welcomed.

Available as print on demand: Archaeological Reconnaissance Of a Caldwell County, Missouri, .Log House. QichLogHouse) 8.S x \\" papehoack, combbinding. $10.00 ZOO/ Dz.g Repor/ o72 Ceme/Cry Sow/fe, Fczr Wres'/, Mz.sisowrj by Paul DeBarthe, Tovia Cohen and Tehau DeBarthe, 2002. 34 pages, ill., some color. 8.5xll" paperback, comb binding. $10.00

Please add postage and packaging. Amount enclosed: S

Name

Address

Publications may also be purchased online at www.FarwestHistorv.com e30 Number33 Jan-A ril 2004 MISSOURI MORMON FRONTIER FOUNDATION

THE NISSOURI MORMON FRONTIER FOUNDATION P.O. Box 3186, Independence MO 64055

Date

• I would like to join MVIFF for the 2003 Calendar Year H New I Renewal I Regular $15.00 I Family $20.00 I Sustaining $25.00 I Sponsor $100.00 I student$8.00 (full timeHS &college to age 25) I patron $250.00 I Life $1000.00

• I would Hke to make an additional Contribution in the amount of: I Marker Fund S n Rich Log House Fund S I Un-designated S

Name

Address

-Home & Bus. Phone

Make checks payable to Missouri Mormon Frontier Foundation and mall to: Missouri Mormon Frontier Foundation P.O. Box 3186 independence MO 6405 5

A Gift for a Friend

Date

• I would like to join MMFF for the 2003 Calendar Year I New I Renewal I.Regular $15.00 I Family $20.00 I Sustaining $25.00 I Sponsor $100.00 I student$8.00 (full time HS &collegeto age 25) I patron $250.00 I Life $1000.00

• I would like to make an additional contribution in the amount of: E Marker Fund S I Rich Log House Fund S I Un-designated S

Name

Address

Home & Bus. Phone

Make checks payable to Missouri Mormon Frontier Foundation and mail to: Missouri Mormon Frontier Foundation P.O. Box 3186 hdepen.dence MO 64055 MISSOURI MORMON FRONTIER FOUNDATION Number2Z Jan -A ril 2004 Pa

"FF ANNUAL REETING MISSOURI MORMON FRONTIER The Amual Meeting was held at 7 p.in. on 13 January FOUNDATION 2004 at the Independence Momon Visitors' Center, 937 is a duly organized West Walnut. This was the year to elect officers and board members. The changes are given in the box to the left. GENERAL NOT FOR PROFIT Shirley Gallup gave a complete treasurers report. She was CORPORATION thanked for her commendable job and given a gift in under the Laws of Missouri appreciatic)n for her work.

The Missouri Mormon Frontier Foundation is a MMFF Annual Dinner in Caldwell County nonsectarian organization dedicated to collecting The Armual Holiday Dinner scheduled for 28 January and preserving information related to the Mormon 2004 at the Red Rooster Inn, Polo, Missouri was postponed experience in western Missouri during the 1830's. due to a snow stom. Hugh and Diane Barlow arrived. The purposes of MMFF are stated in the By- They had a good visit in spite of the snow but missed the Laws as follows: Northwest Missouri experience they had come for. We did 1. To promote the research, documentation, get together at Ryan's for a hastily planned, but enjoyable verification, renovation and of time. (Alta was on the phone a lot.) The Annual Dinner events and sites associated with the Missouri will be held at the Red Rooster in Polo on Wednesday Mormon Frontier. evening 28 April 2004 at 6:30 p.in. $8.50 at the door for a 2. To preserve documents, photographs, artifacts, sites and other historical good buffet and a good time. We hope to have NO snow or ice storm in April! memorabilia associated with that period. 3. To facilitate the gathering and preservation of genealogical information from the affected Haun's Mill Clean-Up Day geographical area. MhAIF will co-sponsor a clean-up day at Haun's Mill. It is scheduled for 17 April 2004 beginning at 9 a.in. Rain President -Alta Short out date is one week later. Bring tools and drinks. Food Vice President - Ronald E. Romig will be furnished by the Community of Christ. Clearing out Corresponding Secretary -William J. Curtis the North fence line is the first priority. Diane Forsythe Recording Secretary -Nancy Harlacher Treasurer - Max Murdock will arrange for a porta-potty for ivrmF. That about covers Historian -Mary Diane Forsythe the essentials. Board Members - Ida Mae Burkhardt, Annette Curtis, Visiting Historians Coming Larry Harlacher, Dave MCEwen, Ron Putz, Elaine MaKay has been busy keeping things hopping at Kenneth Short, Don Stacker the Independence Mormon Visitors' Center. The MP\ffF Ex-Offico Board Members - Board meeting in December enjoyed one of the series of Barrie Gunn MCKay, Elaine MCKay, Elder & Christmas programs at the Visitors' Center before Sister Rees Jensen, Hugh Barlow, Diane Barlow, Robert Parker, Dave Aamodt, Alex convening the meeting downstairs. Gracia Jones has agreed Baugh, Susan Easton Black, Clark Johnson, to talk on 22 September 2004, 7 p.in. Richard Holzapfel John Mark Lambertson, Roland Sarratt, Mark will come to speak in July. Call the VC for more events. Scherer Of Interest All meetings, including Board meetings, are open. Believing that MMFF members like to know of articles You are invited to come and bring other interested of interest in other publications, look for an article in Vision people to any of our meetings. Magazine (Price Publishing) this summer on Julia Murdock NEWSLETTER Smith written by Larry Harlacher. Please send news and articles for the newsletter to Annette Curtis at 714 North Main, Independence Missouri Mormon Frontier Publications MO 64050-2828 or mail to MMFF at P.O. Box 3186, Patience please. I need more. Upgrading to new 64055. computers, Windows XP and WP 11. Are you ready for an index for issues 24-33? It seems Home e-mail address: lobal.net to be about time. If all goes well an index of names and Publications editor: Annette w. Curtis selected subjects will be out this year. -Annette e32 Number33 Jan-A ril 2004 MISSOURI MORMON FF`ONTIEF2 FOUNDATION

Membership INSIDE George M. Hinkle ...... 1-18 Keep the newsletter coming to you. Memberships Doniphan history ...... 19-20 are for the calendar year. New memberships are John Thomton daughters .... 20-26 welcomed anytime. Old News -1860,1878 ...... 26 1836 Clay County Tax List IVEW ...... 27

Interested people are invited to attend "FF col\mTG - DETAins INslDE functions. Call Alta Short at (816) 257-5588 or Ron Annual Dinner -Polo -28 Apr 2004 Romig at (816) 229-7981 or (816) 833-1000 for more Digs in Caldwell County - summer/fall 2004 information. Richard Holzapfel - July 2004 Gracia Jones - 22 Sept 2004

MMFF meetings are the 2nd Tuesday evening at the Independence Mormon Visitors ' Center It is membership renewal season again. If the first line in your address label does not end in MMFF - NW Chapter meetings will be quarterly. 04, 05 or life, it is time to Renew your Member.ship. For dates and events contact Diane Forsythe.

Missouri Momon Frontier Foundation P.O. Box 3186 Independence MO 64055

First Class