Indigenous Eye Health Measures 2018 Indigenous Eye Health Measures 2018
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Indigenous eye health measures 2018 Indigenous eye health measures 2018 This is the third annual report on the Indigenous eye health measures. The measures cover the prevalence of eye health conditions, diagnosis and treatment services, the eye health workforce and outreach services. The report examines differences between Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians, as well as differences by factors such as age, sex, remoteness, jurisdiction and lower level geographies. The report provides an evidence base for monitoring changes in Indigenous eye health over time, access to and use of eye health services, and for identifying gaps in service delivery. aihw.gov.au Stronger evidence, better decisions, improved health and welfare Indigenous eye health measures 2018 The Australian Institute of Health and Welfare is a major national agency whose purpose is to create authoritative and accessible information and statistics that inform decisions and improve the health and welfare of all Australians. © Australian Institute of Health and Welfare 2019 This product, excluding the AIHW logo, Commonwealth Coat of Arms and any material owned by a third party or protected by a trademark, has been released under a Creative Commons BY 3.0 (CC BY 3.0) licence. Excluded material owned by third parties may include, for example, design and layout, images obtained under licence from third parties and signatures. We have made all reasonable efforts to identify and label material owned by third parties. You may distribute, remix and build upon this work. However, you must attribute the AIHW as the copyright holder of the work in compliance with our attribution policy available at <www.aihw.gov.au/copyright/>. The full terms and conditions of this licence are available at <http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/au/>. A complete list of the Institute’s publications is available from the Institute’s website <www.aihw.gov.au>. ISBN 978-1-76054-583-3 (Online) ISBN 978-1-76054-584-0 (Print) Suggested citation Australian Institute of Health and Welfare 2019. Indigenous eye health measures 2018. IHW 210. Canberra: AIHW. Australian Institute of Health and Welfare Board Chair Chief Executive Officer Mrs Louise Markus Mr Barry Sandison Any enquiries relating to copyright or comments on this publication should be directed to: Australian Institute of Health and Welfare GPO Box 570 Canberra ACT 2601 Tel: (02) 6244 1000 Email: [email protected] Published by the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. Cover art Ngurlu Jukurrpa (Native Seed Dreaming) by Gloria Napangardi Gill. Please note that there is the potential for minor revisions of data in this report. Please check the online version at <www.aihw.gov.au> for any amendment. Contents Summary ................................................................................................................................................. vi 1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Background ..........................................................................................................................................2 1.2 Eye health services and programs.....................................................................................................4 Delivery of eye health services ...........................................................................................................5 Outreach programs .............................................................................................................................6 State based programs and services ..................................................................................................6 Trachoma control, surveillance and reporting.................................................................................8 Other initiatives....................................................................................................................................8 1.3 The measures and the data ............................................................................................................10 Data sources ......................................................................................................................................10 Needs estimates ................................................................................................................................12 Data enhancements ..........................................................................................................................13 1.4 Structure of the report ......................................................................................................................13 2 Overview of the key findings ....................................................................................................... 15 2.1 What is the extent of eye health problems? ...................................................................................16 Main causes ........................................................................................................................................16 2.2 How are eye health problems identified? .......................................................................................16 Health assessments ..........................................................................................................................16 Eye examinations by an eye care professional ..............................................................................16 Screening for trachoma and trichiasis ............................................................................................18 2.3 How are eye health problems treated? ..........................................................................................18 Hospitalisations for eye diseases and injury ..................................................................................18 Cataract surgery ................................................................................................................................19 Diabetic retinopathy treatment .......................................................................................................19 Treatment of trachoma and trichiasis ............................................................................................19 Correction of refractive error ...........................................................................................................19 2.4 Workforce and outreach programs .................................................................................................20 The eye health workforce .................................................................................................................20 Eye health outreach programs ........................................................................................................20 2.5 Future reporting ................................................................................................................................21 iii 3 The measures—detailed results .................................................................................................. 22 3.1 Prevalence—what is the extent of eye health problems? ............................................................23 Measure 1.1: Prevalence of vision impairment and blindness ....................................................24 Measure 1.2: Main causes of vision impairment and blindness .................................................28 Measure 1.3: Prevalence of trachoma and trichiasis ....................................................................32 3.2 Diagnosis and screening—how are eye health problems identified? .........................................35 Measure 2.1: Eye health problems managed by GPs ...................................................................36 Measure 2.2: Annual health assessments .....................................................................................38 Measure 2.3: Eye examinations by an eye care professional ......................................................42 Measure 2.4: Target population screened for diabetic retinopathy ...........................................44 Measure 2.5: Trachoma and trichiasis screening coverage .........................................................47 Measure 2.6: Undiagnosed eye conditions ....................................................................................52 3.3 Treatment—how are eye problems treated and in what settings? .............................................54 Measure 3.1: Hospitalisations for diseases of the eye .................................................................56 Measure 3.2: Hospitalisations for injuries to the eye ...................................................................60 Measure 3.3: Hospitalisations for eye procedures ........................................................................64 Measure 3.4: Cataract surgery rate .................................................................................................68 Measure 3.5: Cataract surgical coverage rate ................................................................................72 Measure 3.6: Waiting times for elective cataract surgery ............................................................76 Measure 3.7: Target population treated for diabetic retinopathy ..............................................80 Measure 3.8: Trachoma and trichiasis treatment coverage.........................................................84