DOCSLIB.ORG

Competitiveness Analysis of the Netherlands and the Dutch Dairy Cluster

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Competitiveness Analysis of the Netherlands and the Dutch Dairy Cluster Competitiveness Analysis of The Netherlands and the Dutch Dairy Cluster Microeconomics of Competitiveness Spring 2011 Audrey Philippot | Francisco Aguilar | Linda Zou | Niyati Gupta | Zhen Liu EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The Netherlands is one of the richest and most productive countries in the world, with a long history of global trade and a global export leader in numerous clusters. However, growth has slowed down relative to new OECD members in recent years and the country faces several challenges: an aging population, social tensions, an export concentration in slowing mature markets, and relatively low public and private investment in research and development. While the Netherlands has maintained very good macroeconomic conditions, it must focus on a few key areas to return to rapid growth in productivity. The nation must improve its capacity for innovation by boosting research and development spending and encouraging greater private sector investments. It must also diversify its export products and markets to include fast growing frontier markets with similar demand conditions that are less cyclically correlated to its current Western European markets. Finally, it must address social tensions related to immigration and increase immigrant employment and productivity as part of its strategy for addressing its long‐run demographic challenges. The processed foods sector has the largest export share of any sector in the Netherlands economy. Within this sector, the dairy cluster dominates and is one of the most productive and export‐oriented in the world. The high level of productivity in the sector is driven by sophisticated domestic and neighborhood demand and competition, technological innovation, high regulatory standards, and a skilled workforce. However, the cluster faces competitive threats from emerging lower‐cost producers like New Zealand. To maintain its export share, the Netherlands dairy cluster must specialize in the highest‐quality products, increase its market share in emerging economies, and expand into new related product segments. 1 NETHERLANDS COUNTRY ANALYSIS The Netherlands is a high‐income European country with a history of strong economic and social performance. Despite having small geographic size (41,534 km2) and small population (16.8M people), it has long been a dominant trade and commercial player in Europe and in the world. Although it remains an important economic power, like many of its Western European neighbors, it no longer maintains a competitive growth rate and faces demographic challenges. To accelerate growth, the Netherlands must revise its economic strategy that builds on its historical core competencies of innovation and trade expansion. 1. Overview of Dutch Economic Performance 1.1. History of Dutch Economic Competitiveness The Netherlands is well placed to become a central trading post for Western Europe, with its 451 km coastline and networked waterways of rivers and canals. During its “Golden Era” in the 17th century, Amsterdam was one of the wealthiest countries in Western Europe, and the Netherlands established colonies and trading posts all over the world – in Asia for the spice trade and in the Americas for sugar and slaves. Despite competition from other seafaring European powers, such as Spain and Portugal, the Netherlands’ economic power grew steadily through innovation and expansion. Dutch companies introduced insurance, pension, and other financial services to support businesses and merchants. Technological and financial advancement promoted expansion of the shipping and banking sectors. The multinational Dutch East India Company developed the world’s first stock exchange in 1602 to finance its many ventures. The history of trade and economic innovation paved the way for the strong economic performance in the Netherlands in modern day. 2 1.2. Recent Economic Performance With a total GDP of US$680.4B in 2010, the Netherlands is the 22nd largest economy in the world. The country enjoys a high standard of living with a GDP per capita (US$40,500 in 2010) similar to that of other older OECD countries. Its GDP per capita growth trend, as well as its growth rate of 1%, from 1999‐2009 is also on par with this set of comparable countries.1 1.3. Economic Composition The Netherlands is a highly services‐oriented economy with 73% in services, 25% in industry, and 2% in agriculture. Financial services and logistics remain foundational to the services sector, although recent growth in both sectors has been slow.2 Industrial activity in the Netherlands is dominated by processing of mostly imported raw materials, primarily petroleum and chemicals. After the discovery of a natural gas field in 1959 (the economic consequence of which inspired the term “Dutch disease”), the “oil and gas products” cluster has been a large contributor to GDP and the second largest export cluster in the Netherlands. The largest sub‐cluster, petroleum processing, is the fourth largest in the world. Royal Dutch Shell, the largest petroleum refining company in the Netherland, has operations in over 1 CIA Factbook. 2 Economist Intelligence Unit, “The Netherlands: Country Profile 2008,” 2008. 3 90 countries, produces around 3.1M barrels of oil equivalent per day. Production technology, which builds on Dutch competencies in processing and production, is the top growth cluster in the Netherlands. Already a top 5 exporter of specialized process machinery, the country is advancing its position in the world market in other sub‐clusters as well.3 The historically important agriculture sector remains an important contributor to the Dutch economy as the country’s largest export cluster. Major products include floriculture (35% of total agriculture exports), livestock and meat (26%), and dairy products (20%). The sector has a long history of technological innovation and is one of the most productive in the world. As a result, the Netherlands commands 8% of the world market share in agricultural, second only to the US, and holds the largest world market share in flowers and specialty agricultural products. 1.4. Key Economic Drivers EXPORTS – Exports, which form 70% of the GDP, continue to drive the Dutch economy. In 2010, the Netherlands was the fifth largest exporter of goods in the world. The Dutch economy is particularly dependent on exports to Europe, with over 80% of total export shipped to EU.4 FDI – The Netherlands is the world’s eighth‐largest recipient of foreign investment, with net FDI inflows averaging 5% from 2005‐2009. According to the Dutch Foreign Investment Agency, the country provides a home for approximately 8,000 foreign companies, including global multinational companies such as Cisco Systems, Microsoft, Nike, Sabic, Siemens, and Yakult. Foreign companies have made direct investments worth US$597B and provide 15% of 3 Data from World Development Indicators and International Cluster Competitiveness Project. 4 Ministry of Economic Affairs, Agriculture and Innovation, "Holland Compared," 2011, <http://www.hollandtrade.com/publications/holland‐compared/> 4 all jobs in the Netherlands.5 LABOR PRODUCTIVITY – The Netherlands is one of the most productive countries within the OECD, with a labor productivity rate of US$35 of GDP per hour worked, compared to the OECD average of US$25. Whereas the EU‐27 averaged an hourly labor cost of US$21 and a labor cost growth rate of 2%, the hourly labor cost in the Netherland is US$27 and grew at 4%.6 INNOVATION – R&D spending in the Netherlands is relatively low at 1.7% of GDP, compared with the over 2% in the US and over 3% in Japan, Korea and Finland. The low expenditure is partly driven by the larger size of commercial services, which has inherently limited R&D intensity. Also, the proportion of medium‐ and high‐tech companies, which typically have high R&D expenditures, is relatively small in the Netherlands. Dutch patent production is also similarly low at 78 patent output per 1M population, compared to 268 in the US. 2. Determinants of Dutch Competitiveness 2.1. Endowments LOCATION – The Netherlands’ trade‐oriented economy continues to be well‐served by its networked waterways, strategic location in a wealthy neighborhood of innovative producers and sophisticated consumers, and access to global markets. NATURAL RESOURCES – The Netherlands is endowed with an abundance of natural resources, including petroleum, peat, limestone, salt, sand and gravel. As the third largest producer and the second largest net exporter of natural gas in Europe after Norway, the Netherlands has 1.4T ft3 of natural gas reserves valued at over US$166B in late 2006. 22% of the Dutch land area is arable allowing it to become 2nd largest global exporter in the agriculture products cluster. 5 Dutch Foreign Investment Agency. 6 Hourly growth rate measured between 1997 and 2005. 5 2.2. Macroeconomic Conditions: Macroeconomic Policies The Netherlands has enjoyed a history of macroeconomic stability. The recent global financial crisis reduced global demand for Dutch exports and placed a strain on the economy, which shrank by 3.9% in 1999. In 2010, international trade, the largest engine of the Dutch economy, increased again, and GDP was expected to grow by 1.75%.7 While this demonstrates a strong ability to absorb and resolve macroeconomic shocks, it also shows the Netherlands’ vulnerability to such shocks due to its trade dependency and export‐led economy. MONETARY POLICY – Since the adoption of the euro in 1999, the monetary policy of the Netherlands is under the control of the European Central Bank,
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Cooperation of Tomsk Polytechnic University with European Universities of Technology
    Education 2012, 2(5): 188-194 DOI: 10.5923/j.edu.20120205.12 Cooperation of Tomsk Polytechnic University with European Universities of Technology Alexander I. Chuchalin National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, 30, Lenin Av., 634050, Russian Federation Abstract The paper represents a case-study describing 20 year experience of Tomsk Polytechnic University, one of the leading Russian engineering schools, in developing international cooperation with leading European universities of technology. The concept, strategy and priorities of the University international cooperation are discussed. The results of cooperation in three main areas (joint research projects, joint (double/dual) degree programs and students’ academic mobility) are given in the paper. The international cooperation is considered to be an instrument for improvement of quality of research and education at the University. Keywords International Cooperation, Joint Research Projects, Joint Degree Programs, Students’ Academic Mobility, Quality of Research And Education Within the framework of DP-2005 a number of target 1. Introduction programs aimed at students and faculty foreign language training, expansion of international cooperation with leading Globalization of the world economy fosters European universities and research centers, recruiting of internationalization in different spheres of human activity, international students, etc., have been successfully including research and higher education. More and more implemented. At present TPU has a status of a National
    [Show full text]
  • Industry Clusters in Eastern Germany
    INVEST. INNOVATE. INTERNATIONALIZE. Industry Clusters in Eastern Germany www.gtai.com Foreword 2015 marks the 25th anniversary of German re- unification. On October 3, 1990, the German Dem- ocratic Republic (“East Germany”) ceased to exist, becoming part of the Federal Republic of Germany in accordance with constitution article 23 of the West German constitution. Together with the city- state of Berlin, the five re-established federal states – Brandenburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Saxony, Saxony-Anhalt, and Thuringia – joined the Federal Republic. Rebuilding the “East” has been one of, if not the most important, political tasks of the Federal Re- public of Germany since the start of the 1990s. Never before has there been a reconstruction and investment project of its size and scale. In the 25 years since reunification, Eastern Germany has es- tablished itself as a globally competitive industry and technology location. Innovative industry clus- ters and networks have been central to this recov- ery and reinvention. Reindustrialization has been and remains the motor driving economic growth in the region. Photos: Cover/shutterstock/MOLPIX, Büro Gleicke/Sandra Ludewig Today, Eastern Germany has the highest manufac- The “three i’s“ of “investment,” “innovation,” and turing gross value added share of the G7 countries “internationalization” have been and will contin- after Japan (and Germany’s other federal states). ue to be instrumental to Eastern Germany’s regen- By building on the traditionally strong industrial eration. We will continue to invest, innovate, and heritage of the region, Eastern Germany has be- internationalize so that the region remains a place come an international force in the technology where tomorrow’s ideas take hold and new busi- fields of the future.
    [Show full text]
  • Clusters in Europe
    Clusters and Cluster Policy in Europe Professor Örjan Sölvell 1.EU and Clusters 2.Science – Innovation – Clusters 3.The European Cluster Observatory 2 http://europa.eu/index_en.htm 3 http://europa.eu/index_en.htm 4 EU and Clusters EU The EU Role: Nations 1.Inspire 2.Fact-based Policy 3.Cluster networking 4.Cluster manager training 5.Policy learning Regions Local Communities 5 EU and Clusters Competitiveness Innovation Clusters Critical Parts of the Lisbon Strategy: •Industry & Enterprise •Research (ERA, 3% of GDP 2010, FP 7) •Innovation •Intellectual Property (EU Patent) •Regional •Competition (Internal market) •Public-private cooperation •Science (European Technology Platforms) •Supporting SMEs 6 EU and Clusters – a Background First meeting by DG Enterprise in Luxembourg in 2003 – Focus on clusters Several studies around the time of accession of EU-10 countries: Phase I = map clusters of Eastern Europe Database part of Europe INNOVA/PRO INNO/Cluster Alliance: Phase II = European Cluster Observatory Need for better informed policies – number of cluster programs and cluster initiatives growing rapidly - European Cluster Memorandum 4x5 Principles New call in 2008 under CIP: Phase III 7 • Europe is not narrowing the innovation gap to the U.S. • Innovation takes place in clusters. • Europe can build world-class clusters through a) pushing the internal market, b) strengthening the general environment for research and innovation c) strengthen cluster programs and initiatives d) and forming European-wide programs for transnational cluster interaction. • Many EU initiatives have been launched: DG Enterprise, DG Science, DG Regio, and the Committee of the Regions. The Competitiveness Council has identified clusters as one of nine priority actions.
    [Show full text]
  • Preliminary Case Report on the SARS-Cov-2 Cluster in the UK, France, and Spain
    Preprints (www.preprints.org) | NOT PEER-REVIEWED | Posted: 27 February 2020 doi:10.20944/preprints202002.0399.v1 Peer-reviewed version available at Swiss Medical Weekly 2020, 150; doi:10.4414/smw.2020.20212 Preliminary Case Report on the SARS-CoV-2 Cluster in the UK, France, and Spain Emma B Hodcrofta,b,1 aBiozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; bSwiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Basel, Switzerland This manuscript was compiled on February 27, 2020 Almost half of the confirmed COVID-19 cases detected so far in the pany Webasto from 19-22 January (7, 14, 15) (English lan- United Kingdom are part of a large cluster of 13 British nationals guage translation of the excellent Suddeutsche Zeitung graphic who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 in the UK, Spain, and France. provided by (17).) The apparent asymptomatic or mildly- Transmissions among this cluster occurred at a ski resort in France, symptomatic transmission from the primary case to at least and originated from a single infected traveller returning from a con- four German individuals in a business setting drew new atten- ference in Singapore where he acquired the virus. At least 21 indi- tion to the transmissibility of the virus (7). From Janurary viduals were exposed to the virus, tested, and quarantined, with 13 28th to February 6th, a further eight people tested positive of those testing positive between the period of 6th Feb and 15th Feb. for SARS-CoV-2, all stemming from these initial infections Here, all publicly available information about the primarily UK/France (14, 15). cluster is consolidated, providing a complete and accessible sum- In Singapore, a large conference at the end of January mary of the cases and their connections.
    [Show full text]
  • Cluster Analysis & Cluster-Based Policy In
    Report by the Focus Group on: Industrial clusters 1 CLUSTER ANALYSIS & CLUSTER-BASED POLICY IN OECD-COUNTRIES VARIOUS APPROACHES, EARLY RESULTS & POLICY IMPLICATIONS Draft synthesis report on phase 1 1 OECD-Focus Group on industrial clusters Editors: Theo J.A. Roelandt & Pim den Hertog Note prepared for the OECD-Secretariat and the OECD TIP-group Presented at the 2nd OECD-workshop on cluster analysis and cluster-based policy Vienna, May 4th & 5th The Hague/Utrecht, May 1998 1 This draft was prepared by Theo Roelandt and Pim den Hertog using the contributions of the focus group members. A full list of the participants of the focus group and the papers prepared for the focus group meetings has published in the Annex of this report. Any comments are welcome. 2 CONTENT Summary and conclusions 1. Introduction: background, common starting points and research questions 1.1 Background 1.2 Common starting points 1.3 Research questions 2. Analysing cluster-based innovation systems 2.1 Clusters and the changing nature of market-based innovation systems 2.2 Cluster studies and methodologies in OECD countries - Methodological issues: the scope of cluster analysis - Drawbacks and advantages of cluster analysis 2.3 Some countries´ experiences and results - Denmark - Finland - Sweden - Belgium (Flanders) - United Stated of America - United Kingdom - The Netherlands - Canada (PM) - Other countries (Mexico, Spain, Italy) (PM) 3. Cluster-based policy in OECD-countries 3.1 The changing nature of cluster-based industrial policy making: assessing cluster-based policy principles. - Policy responses to systemic imperfections - Pitfalls in cluster-based policy making - Rationales and government roles 3.2 Clusters as a market-led development strategy.
    [Show full text]
  • Download Article
    2nd International Conference on Social Science and Higher Education (ICSSHE 2016) Product Innovation Efficiency of Russian Electronic Industry: DEA Approach and Cluster Analysis Vladislav Spitsin Aleksandr Mikhalchuk Department of Management Department of Higher Mathematics Tomsk Polytechnic University Tomsk Polytechnic University Tomsk, Russia Tomsk, Russia [email protected] Lubov Spitsina Nataliya Shabaldina Department of Economics Tomsk State University Tomsk Polytechnic University Tomsk, Russia Tomsk, Russia [email protected] Michael Shinkeev Darya Novoseltseva Department of Higher Mathematics Tomsk Polytechnic University Tomsk Polytechnic University Tomsk, Russia Tomsk, Russia [email protected] Abstract—This paper investigates product innovations national or regional innovation systems [2]. efficiency in innovative subsection DL «Manufacture of electrical and optical equipment» at the level of Russian regions on the • DEA approach. Focused primarily on the assessment basis of the DEA approach. Leading regions on product of the efficiency of the innovation system as the ratio innovations efficiency were identified by absolute and relative of outputs and inputs (results and expenses) [3, 4]. indicators. We found that only a few regions in Russia are • The modeling or econometric approach. This characterized by intensive innovation processes. Most regions lag far behind the leaders on indicators of intensity of innovation approach is used to analyze the factors affecting the processes and innovation efficiency. We proposed and tested performance of the innovation system. The cluster analysis method to rank the objects (regions) on their researchers apply theoretical analysis, mathematical DEA coordinates and to assess the statistical significance of modeling and econometric tests to assess the impact of differences between objects. individual factors [5]. Initially, the researchers focused on the level of national Keywords—innovation efficiency, product innovation, innovation systems.
    [Show full text]
  • Markets Germany 2/18
    GERMANY 2/18 THE CLUSTER REPUBLIC Germany’s strong economy is built on its network of “clusters” – groups of firms and research institutions with a common focus that use their regional proximity to support each other and to innovate. This striking pavilion in the court- yard of the University of Stuttgart was made from carbon fiber- reinforced composites by SGL Group, part of the MAI Carbon Cluster. Automotive: Entertainment: Technology: The electric vehicle (EV) Gaming in Germany is Platform development industry gets ready for experiencing a period of for the Internet of Things mass market penetration exponential growth reaches the next level page 20 page 16 page 19 FOCUS Welcome to the Cluster Republic From Bavaria’s medtech hub to Munich’s auto engineering hub, to Silicon Saxony, Germany has a cluster-based ecosystem Photo: Illing & Vossbeck Fotografie Illing & Vossbeck Photo: page 4 »This issue introduces Germany’s leading clus- ters; foreign entrepre- neurs share their experi- ences and offer tips.« ENTERTAINMENT TECHNOLOGY Dear Reader, Smart Thinking Are you looking to develop – or redevelop – your products, work closely with top scientists, join Leipzig and Dresden’s new digital hub, a network of highly innovative companies, or with a focus on smart infrastructure and smart systems, is coming of age perhaps even find the ideal partner or buyer? All page 14 this is possible in one of Germany’s top clusters. In this issue’s “Focus” story, Markets Germany introduces Germany’s leading clusters, while foreign entrepreneurs share their experiences AUTOMOTIVE and give tips on how to benefit from the “Cluster Republic.” Game On You can’t hope to earn money just by playing With multiple niches and a growing in Germany’s gaming industry, where competi- “middle- youth” user base, the virtual tion is extremely fierce.
    [Show full text]
  • NATIONAL HYDROGEN CLUSTER Hydrogen Economy Is Strongly on the EU's Agenda
    NATIONAL HYDROGEN CLUSTER Hydrogen Economy is strongly on the EU's agenda • EU EU strategy on energy system integration EU Hydrogen Strategy A manifesto on Hydrogen collaboration EU industry strategy and the Fit for 55 package Green Recovery Package • Finland New climate and energy strategy Industrial strategy Allocation of Recovery Fund money to hydrogen sector! 2 EU Hydrogen Targets Up to 10 million €32bn 70 – 100 10x tonnes in investments MtCO /a proposed; 2 current role in the Hydrogen current GHG energy system by demand in EU by €430bn emissions from 2050 2030 needed European hydrogen use Currently, hydrogen Hydrogen needs to Six European gvts Even substituting accounts less than become an intrinsic aim to invest heavily current hydrogen use 2 % of EU energy part of the in the 2020s, but by low-carbon mix. Commission integrated energy advocacy Hydrogen alternatives would considers growing system, with the Europe envisions that reduce GHG this by seven to production of up to 10x more is needed emissions by up to ten-fold by 2050 10 million tonnes of to ”kickstart the ~2x Finland’s current renewable hydrogen in hydrogen economy” emissions the EU by 2030 in the EU 3 Source: European Commission, IEA, McKinsey, Hydrogen Europe Collaboration is the way to Hydrogen Economy • Hydrogen is included in the EU's strategic investment agenda and pan-European collaboration including IPCEI* projects is being prepared • Innovation Fund • European Clean Hydrogen Alliance Roundtables Scope of work – Production of Hydrogen – Hydrogen Transmission
    [Show full text]
  • GII Cluster Rankings
    SPECIAL SECTION: CLUSTER RANKINGS THE TOP 100 SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY CLUSTERS Kyle Bergquist and Carsten Fink, World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) Measuring innovation performance across the world needs to go Readers interested in a more detailed description of the cluster beyond national economies as the unit of analysis. For several identification and performance measurement methodology are years, the Global Innovation Index has provided a perspective referred to last year’s Special Section.2 on the spatial distribution of innovative activity. In particular, it has identified the world’s most vibrant clusters of science and technology (S&T) activity and has ranked the top 100. This year’s top 100 list The approach towards identifying the most vibrant S&T clusters is “bottom up”, meaning it ignores any existing administrative Table S-1.1 presents this year’s top 100 S&T clusters. As or political borders and instead pinpoints geographical areas in previous years, Tokyo-Yokohama comes out as the top- showing a high density of inventors and scientific authors. While performing cluster. Its lead mainly reflects the cluster’s strong mostly associated with large urban agglomerations, the resulting patenting performance. Its overall total score—reflecting S&T clusters often encompass several municipal districts, sub- combined patenting and scientific publication performance—is federal states, and sometimes even two or more countries. still considerably higher than that of 2nd-ranked Shenzhen- The microdata underlying this measurement approach, in turn, Hong Kong-Guangzhou. However, Tokyo-Yokohama’s lead has enables a rich characterization of S&T clusters. narrowed. This mainly reflects that the inclusion of the 2018 data led to a merger of the previously distinct Shenzhen-Hong The compilation of this year’s top 100 list relies on the same Kong and Guangzhou clusters.3 This enlarged cluster has, in methodology as the one used last year.
    [Show full text]
  • Cluster Policy in Northern Ireland
    Cluster Policy in Northern Ireland Best practice and findings from consultation across three sectors December 2019 Gareth Hetherington, Eoin Magennis & Katie Victor Table of Contents Executive Summary .................................................................................... 3 1 Introduction .................................................................................... 12 2 Literature review.............................................................................. 13 2.1 Conceptual issues: Defining and identifying clusters .......................... 13 2.2 Cluster policies: Why the interest? .................................................. 14 2.3 Cluster policies: Common themes & illustrative case studies ............... 15 2.3.1 Necessary conditions for clusters ...................................................... 16 2.3.2 Best practice in the policy approach .................................................. 18 2.3.3 Government funding and cluster management organisations ................ 23 2.3.4 Individual cluster strategy and success .............................................. 25 2.3.5 Evaluations of cluster policy ............................................................. 26 2.4 Cluster policies: The landscape in NI ............................................... 28 2.4.1 The NI business landscape ............................................................... 28 2.4.2 The NI policy landscape ................................................................... 29 2.4.3 NI cluster policy ............................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Aerospace Cluster in the Toulouse Region (Pdf)
    MAY 10, 2013 Microeconomics of Competitiveness Professor Michael E. Porter; Professor Hirotaka Takeuchi J Y O T B A W A IKER CILLERO ETXEBES T E MICHAEL KONIALIAN JONATHAN NAHA RRO MARTIN H U G O R U I Z - TABOADA Aerospace Cluster in the Toulouse Region Microeconomics of Competitiveness Aerospace Cluster in the Toulouse Region Table of Contents Executive Summary ........................................................................................................ 1 France Country Profile ................................................................................................... 3 Competitiveness Overview .............................................................................................................. 3 Country Diamond ................................................................................................................................ 5 Factor Conditions ........................................................................................................................................... 5 Context for Strategy and Rivalry ............................................................................................................. 6 Related and Supporting Industries ......................................................................................................... 9 Demand Conditions ....................................................................................................................................... 9 Aerospace Cluster in the Toulouse Region.............................................................
    [Show full text]
  • National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University
    NATIONAL RESEARCH TOMSK POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY P. Chubik Rector 2019 TPU Historical Background ▪ TPU was founded as Tomsk Technological Institute on April 29 (May 11, new style) 1896 by the Decree of the Russian Emperor Nicholas II ▪ TPU was opened on December 6 (18), 1900 as Tomsk Technological Institute of Emperor Nicholas II ▪ Lectures started on October 9 (21), 1900 ▪ TPU served as the basis for more than three dozens of universities, academic and regional research institutes established in Novosibirsk, Krasnoyarsk, Omsk, Kemerovo, Irkutsk, Barnaul, Novokuznetsk, Tomsk and other cities of the country 2 TPU Achievements ▪ 1940 – order of the Red Banner of Labor ▪ 1953 – commissioning of a television broadcast center, the first behind the Urals (fifth in the country) ▪ 1965 – start-up of synchrotron SIRIUS being the largest in the country (1.5 GeV) ▪ 1967 – launch of a research nuclear reactor, the second in the USSR and the only one behind the Urals ▪ 1971 – order of the October Revolution 3 TPU Achievements ▪ 1997 – inclusion of TPU into the List of the Most Valuable Objects of Cultural Heritage of the Peoples of the Russian Federation under the Decree of the RF President ▪ 2009 – awarded category «National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University» ▪ 2013 – winner of the competition on Competitiveness Enhancement of the Leading Russian Universities among Global Leading Research and Education Centers ▪ 2005, 2016 – winner of the RF Government Award in the Field of Quality 4 Among 180 000 graduates: N.V. Nikitin М.А. Usov (1907–1973) (1883–1939) Designer and constructor of Ostankino Academician of the USSR AS. TV tower, high-rise buildings of MSU Graduated in 1908.
    [Show full text]