Library of Congress Old rail fence corners; the A. B. C.'s of Minnesota history LUCY LEAVENWORTH WILDER MORRIS Originator of “Old Rail Fence Corners.” Daughters of the American Revolution. Minnesota Old Trails and historic Spots Committees Old Rail Fence Corners THE A. B. C's. OF Minnesota History SECOND EDITION AUTHENTIC INCIDENTS GLEANED FROM The Old Settlers By the Book Committee 1914 F607 D232 COPYRIGHTED 1914 BY THE BOOK COMMITTEE LUCY LEAVENWORTH WILDER MORRIS, EDITOR PUBLISHED BY THE F. H. McCULLOCH PRINTING © AUSTIN, MINN. $1.75 SEP 2 1915 ©CI.A411625 OLD TRAILS AND ROADS COMPILED BY MR. GEORGE RALPH AND MRS. JAMES T. MORRIS OLD TRAILS AND ROADS COMPILED BY MR. GEORGE RALPH AND MRS. JAMES T. MORRIS Explanatory How little we know about what we don't know! Old rail fence corners; the A. B. C.'s of Minnesota history http://www.loc.gov/resource/lhbum.19293 Library of Congress During my search for a map of the Old Trails and Roads of Minnesota, public libraries were thoroughly investigated, but no book or map could be found showing these old highways. A few old maps in the Historical Library bore snatches of them, but in their entirety they had disappeared from books and maps, as well as from our state. They might be the foundations for modern roads, but only the names of those modern roads survived, so they were lost. Months of this research work failed to resurrect them, although a map was made from the fragmentary pieces on old maps, filled out by what the pioneers who had traveled those roads could furnish. All old maps seemed to have disappeared from the state. “We had one of the new territory of Minnesota when it was admitted in ‘49, but just threw it out when we cleaned house lately. I think it came from Washington,” said one dear old pioneer woman. “What do you want of those old roads anyway,” said another. “If you had been over them as I have, you would know how much better these roads are, and be glad they are gone,” It was hard to locate them from hearsay for when we asked “Did it go through Alexandria,” the answer was, “There was no town on it after leaving St. Cloud, so I can't say just where it went, but we went to Fort Garry and crossed the river at Georgetown.” Finally, after nearly a year's hard work, as we were on our way to the Capitol to look over the first government surveys, Mr. George Ralph was met, became interested, and drew part of these trails from the old plats for this map. When a surveyor goes into a new country to make a government survey, he is required to place on that plat every trail, road or plowed field—John Ryan, who worked in the forties was the only one we found who always followed these directions. He would survey several townships, and there would be the much-wanted road. Some other surveyor would do the Old rail fence corners; the A. B. C.'s of Minnesota history http://www.loc.gov/resource/lhbum.19293 Library of Congress one below and there would be a break, but John would take hold again a little further on and the trail could be joined from the direction shown. Later this map made was compared with old maps since destroyed at the Army Building in St. Paul and found correct. The three great routes for the Red River carts to St. Paul, the great fur market, which used to come down by the hundreds from the Pembina and Fort Garry country are shown. One through the Minnesota Valley; one through the Sauk Valley, and the most used of all through the Crow Wing Valley by way of Leaf Lake. They used to come to the head waters of the Mississippi in 1808* The Wabasha Prairie Road, called Winona Trail on this map, was a very old one, as also were those leading to the sacred Pipestone Quarries and the sacred Spirit Lake. There is a tradition that there was a truce between all tribes when these trails were followed. Mrs. J. T. M. * From Captain Alexander Henry's diary about the Red River country in 1801, presented to Ottawa. He also says there were 1500 of these carts there in 1808. The Book Committee A sub-committee of the Old Trails and Historic Spots Committee, Daughters of the American Revolution, Appointed by the Chairman. Mrs. James T. Morris. Mrs. William J. Morehart Mrs. E. C. Chatfield Mrs. S. R. Van Sant Miss Beatrice Longfellow Old rail fence corners; the A. B. C.'s of Minnesota history http://www.loc.gov/resource/lhbum.19293 Library of Congress Miss Rita Kelly Mrs. F. W. Little Mrs. O. H. Shepley Mrs. Alonzo Phillips Mrs. Guy Maxwell Miss Marion Moir Mrs. E. A. Welch Miss Ida Wing Mrs. Mary E. Partridge Mrs. Ell Torrance Miss Stella Cole Mrs. C. A. Bierman Mrs. Chas. Keith Miss Emily Brown Mrs. G. C. Lyman Mrs. A. B. Kaercher. Mrs. W. S. Woodbridge Old rail fence corners; the A. B. C.'s of Minnesota history http://www.loc.gov/resource/lhbum.19293 Library of Congress Miss K. Maude Clum The Reason When I was a child my grandmother, Lucy Leavenworth Sherwood, used to show us a little map drawn on the back of a cotillion invitation, by her cousin Henry Leavenworth, the first officer at Fort Snelling. He was there in 1819. It was yellow with age, but showed Fort Snelling, Lake Harriette, named for his wife, other lakes and two rivers. That yellow bundle of letters read to us and the stories she told of this, her favorite cousin, as he had told them to her never failed in breathless interest. Few of them remain with me. The painted Indian in his canoe on the river, the Indian runner, stand out vividly, but the valuable stories contained in those old letters are gone. Nothing was ever a greater surprise than the loss of those stories when I tried to recall them years later. The Bible with the map and all those letters were burned when the home was destroyed by fire. These valuable data have disappeared. The knowledge that this was so, made me listen with the greatest attention to stories told by the old settlers and record them. All at once the realization came that they, too, were fast disappearing, taking their stories with them. It was impossible for me to get all these precious reminiscences before it was too late. It must be done at once by a large number of interested women. These were found in our committee who have gathered these data most lovingly and financed this book. The proceeds are for patriotic work in Minnesota as deemed best by the committee. It is hoped that our first work will be the raising of a monument to the Pioneer Women of our State. Those unsung heroines should not their heroism be heralded while some still live? Old rail fence corners; the A. B. C.'s of Minnesota history http://www.loc.gov/resource/lhbum.19293 Library of Congress We thank these dear friends who have made this little volume possible by their warm interest. Every item in this book has been taken personally from a pioneer. Each one is a mesh in a priceless lace fabric, that fabric Minnesota History. If each mesh is not flawless, if age has weakened them, does not the pattern remain? LUCY LEAVENWORTH WILDER MORRIS. IN MEMORIAM Mr. Eli Pettijohn Mrs. Missouri Rose Pratt Mr. James McMullen Mrs. Samuel B. Dresser Mr. William W. Ellison Mr. Henry Favel Major Benjamin Randall Mrs. Duncan Kennedy Major S. A. Buell Mrs. Helen Horton Mrs. Mary Massolt Mrs. J. M. Paine Old rail fence corners; the A. B. C.'s of Minnesota history http://www.loc.gov/resource/lhbum.19293 Library of Congress Mrs. Chas. Watson Mrs. C. W. Gress 9 OLD TRAILS CHAPTER Minneapolis LUCY LEAVENWORTH WILDER MORRIS (Mrs. J. T. Morris) Mr. Eli Pettijohn—1841. Mr. Pettijohn, now ninety-five years old, clear in memory, patriarchial in looks, says: I came to what is now Minnesota, but was then a part of Wisconsin Territory April sixteenth. 1841. I was on my way to work for the Williamsons, missionaries, at Lac qui Parle. I landed from the large steamer, the Alhambra at the Fort Snelling landing. I climbed the steep path that led up to the fort, circled the wall and came to the big gate. A sentinel guarded it. He asked me if i wanted to enlist. I said, “No, I want to see the fort, and find a boarding place.” He invited me in. I looked around this stone fort with much interest and could see Sibley House and Faribault house across the Minnesota river at Mendota. There were no large trees between the two points so these houses showed very clearly. The ruins of part of the first fort which was of wood, were still on the bluff about one block south of the new fort. I asked where I could find a boarding place, and was directed to the St. Louis house, near where the water tower now stands. Before proceeding there, I stood and watched the Indians coming to the fort. I was told they were from Black Dog's Good Road's and Shakopee's villages. The trail they followed was deeply worn. This seemed strange as they all wore moccasins. Their painted faces looked very sinister to one who had never before * All pioneers over ninety are so introduced as we feel sure no state can show so large a number who have the same mentality 10 seen them, but later I learned to Old rail fence corners; the A.