DOCSLIB.ORG

The Victorian Age 1837-1901

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Victorian Age 1837-1901 5. The Victorian Age 1837-1901 Interactive timeline 1837 1838 1839-42 Accession People’s Charter calls First Opium War of Queen for social reforms and against China Victoria universal male suffrage TIMELINE 1840 1845 1846 1851 1853-56 Queen Victoria Irish Repeal of Great Crimean marries Prince Potato the Corn Exhibition War Albert of Saxe- Famine Laws Coburg-Gotha 1856-60 1857 1859 1860 Second Indian Charles Darwin’s The Republican Opium War Mutiny On the Origin candidate Abraham of Species is Lincoln wins published the presidential election 1861-65 1863 1865 1867 1869 1870 American First section Assassination Second Reform The Suez Canal Education Civil War of London of President Act extends the opens and the Act Underground, Lincoln right to vote to Union Pacific establishes the world’s first some sections Railroad connects the basis of underground of the working the East and West elementary railway, opens classes coasts of the USA education 1877 1884 1899-1902 1901 Victoria Third Reform Second Boer War: Queen becomes Act extends the British against Victoria Empress voting to all male Dutch settlers dies of India householders in South Africa 2 1. The Queen Victoria Memorial in front of Buckingham Palace, London, was unveiled by King George V in 1911 as the symbolic hub of the British Empire. The centrepiece by Sir Thomas Brock features the white marble figure of Queen Victoria surrounded by the symbols of her reign: Truth, Justice and Motherhood. Above her is the gilded statue of Victory, with Constancy and Courage at her feet. 2. St Pancras Station in London is one of the wonders of Victorian engineering and a magnificent example of Gothic architecture. Built to connect London with England’s major cities, it was opened in 1868. The renewal of the station at the beginning of this century adapted it to modern international trains and routes without altering its original beauty. A. B. The accession of Queen The Victorian Age was a period Victoria gave monarchy a of widespread acceptance of a certain new image of duty. National middle-class morality, mirrored pride and optimistic faith in the royal family; however, in the last in progress were celebrated decades there was a growing sense in the Great Exhibition. of uncertainty and doubt. AN OVERALL VIEW 1 C. D. E. The rest of Europe experienced revolutions in The building of a Reading was a 1848. There was serious discontent in Britain, but network of railways national leisure pursuit. the government was able to avoid revolution through over the whole country Industrialisation had made compromise. Parliamentary reforms satised not only distributed goods literacy a necessity and the middle classes but the working class was still without but also moved people and a national education a voice, except for the Chartist movement. united the nation. system provided it. F. G. H. British foreign policy was based In the USA the gap between the industrial North and During the on free trade and liberalism. the agricultural South widened as settlers moved west Victorian Age China was forced to open to and the question of slave owning split the nation in the the British British trade, and the Crimean Civil War. The Confederate South was defeated by the Empire achieved War was fought to keep Russia out Unionist North and slaves were freed. Though free, its greatest of the Ottoman Empire and India. black Americans faced poverty and discrimination. expansion. STUDY SKILLS 18 The Cornell note-taking system 19 How to answer oral questions 20 How to write a commentary 21 How to go from text to context 22 How to give your personal response 23 How to compare and contrast different authors 2 24 How to develop a topic 3 History and Culture 5.1 1837-1861 The dawn of the Victorian Age VOCABULARY: Queen Victoria POLITICS AND SOCIETY When Queen Victoria came to the throne in 1837,shewasjust18yearsold.Shewastorule 1 MATCH the highlighted words for almost 64 years and gave her name to an about politics and society in age of economic and scientific progress and the text with their meaning. social reforms. Her own sense of duty made her 1 the act of voting ............................................ the ideal head of a constitutional monarchy: 2 strict discipline over a group she remained apart from politics and yet provided stability. In 1840 she married Prince ................................................................................................ Albert of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha. They had nine 3 change to a piece of legislation children and their family life provided a model ................................................................................................ of respectability. Prince Albert was a clever 4 ................... extreme scarcity of food man and Victoria relied more and more on 5 admitted to the right of voting his advice and help. In 1857 she gave him the ................................................................................................ title of Prince Consort, in recognition of his 6 removed from power ............................ importancetothecountry. 7 document defining the rights of a group .............................................................. An age of reform 1 8 self-governing urban The 1830s had seen the beginning of what was communities ..................................................... tobecalledan‘ageofreform’.TheFirstReform Workhouses were mainly run by the Church. 9 managed ................................................................ Act (1832), also called the Great Reform Act Religion was a strong force. In industrial 10 obtained ................................................................... (→ 4.3), had transferred voting privileges from areas the nonconformist Churches, such as the small boroughs, controlled by the nobility Methodists, promoted study and abstinence and the gentry, to the large industrial towns, from alcohol. like Birmingham and Manchester. The Factory COMPETENCE: READING Act (1833) had prevented children aged 9 to Chartism AND ORGANISING 13 from being employed more than forty-eight In 1838 a group of working-class radicals INFORMATION hours a week, and no person between 13 and drew up a People’s Charter demanding equal 18 could work more than seventy-two hours electoral districts, universal male suffrage, 2 BEFORE reading the text, a week. The Poor Law Amendment Act (1834) a secret ballot, paid MPs, annually elected look at the Cornell note- had reformed the old Poor Laws, dating from Parliaments and abolition of the property taking page in the Study Skill reference section and create Elizabeth I, with the creation of workhouses, qualifications for membership. No one in a similar page to complete as institutions where the poor received board power was ready for such democracy and you read. andlodginginreturnforwork. the Chartist movement failed. However, their influence was later felt when, in 1867, the Workhouses and religion Second Reform Act enfranchised part of the STUDY SKILL The Cornell Life in the workhouses was appalling on urban male working class in England and Wales note-taking system, p. 418 account of their system of regimentation, hard for the first time and, in 1872, the secret ballot work and a monotonous diet. The poor had to was introduced with the Ballot Act. wear uniforms and their families were split. This apparent hard line was due in part to an The Irish Potato Famine optimistic faith in progress and to the Puritan Bad weather and an unknown plant disease virtuesofhardwork,frugalityandduty.The from America caused the destruction of potato idea behind the workhouses was that awareness crops in 1845. Ireland, whose agriculture 1. Franz Xaver Winterhalter, Queen Victoria, of such a dreadful life would inspire the poor to depended on potatoes, experienced a terrible 1859. London, Buckingham Palace. try to improve their own conditions. famine, during which a lot of people died and 4 5. The Victorian Age Key ideas COMPLETE the key ideas. Queen Victoria’s reign was characterised by economic and scientific 2. Women’s Dining Hall at St Pancras and social Workhouse in London, 1893. Queen Victoria gave to the country Parliamentary reforms granted voting privileges to the andimprovedthe working conditions of Chartism was a 2 asking for the extension of the right many emigrated, mostly to America, in search Foreign policy to vote to all male adults of a better life. The Irish crisis forced the Prime Steel steamships expanded the Victorians’ Minister, Sir Robert Peel, to abolish the Corn world even further. In the mid-19th century, Laws in 1846. These laws imposed tariffs on England was involved in the two Opium Wars A terrible famine was caused imported corn, keeping the price of bread against China, which was trying to suppress the by and artificially high to protect the landed interests. opium trade. The First Opium War (1839-42) a was fought between China and Britain, while Technological progress the Second Opium War (1856-60), also known The development of the In the mid-years of the 19th century, England as the Anglo-French War in China, was fought greatly experienced a second wave of industrialisation by Britain and France against China. England changed the landscape and which brought economic, cultural and gained access to five Chinese ports and control people’s lives architectural change. While European of Hong Kong. monarchies were toppled by revolutions in ThemostlucrativecolonyoftheBritishEmpire Britain avoided 1848, England avoided the revolutionary wave. was India. In 1857 widespread
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Literature (LIT) 1
    Literature (LIT) 1 LITERATURE (LIT) LIT 113 British Literature i (3 credits) LIT 114 British Literature II (3 credits) LIT 115 American Literature I (3 credits) LIT 116 Amercian Literature II (3 credits) LIT 132 Introduction to Literary Studies (3 credits) This course prepares students to understand literature and to articulate their understanding in essays supported by carefully analyzed evidence from assigned works. Major genres and the literary terms and conventions associated with each genre will be explored. Students will be introduced to literary criticism drawn from a variety of perspectives. Course Rotation: Fall. LIT 196 Topics in Literature (3 credits) LIT 196A Topic: Images of Nature in American Literature (3 credits) LIT 196B Topic: Gothic Fiction (3 credits) LIT 196C Topic: American Detective Fiction (3 credits) LIT 196D Topic: The Fairy Tale (3 credits) LIT 196H Topic: Literature of the Supernatural (4 credits) LIT 196N Topic: American Detective Fiction for Nactel Program (4 credits) LIT 200C Global Crossings: Challenge & Change in Modern World Literature - Nactel (4 credits) Students in the course will read literature from a range of international traditions and will reach an understanding and appreciation of the texts for the ways that they connect and diverge. The social and historical context of the works will be explored and students will take from the course some understanding of the environments that produced the texts. LIT 200G Topic: Pulitzer Prize Winning Novels-American Life (3 credits) LIT 200H Topic: Poe and Hawthorne (3 credits) LIT 201 English Drama 900-1642 (3 credits) LIT 202 History of Film (3 credits) The development of the film from the silent era to the present.
    [Show full text]
  • Victoria: the Irg L Who Would Become Queen Lindsay R
    Volume 18 Article 7 May 2019 Victoria: The irG l Who Would Become Queen Lindsay R. Richwine Gettysburg College Class of 2021 Follow this and additional works at: https://cupola.gettysburg.edu/ghj Part of the History Commons Share feedback about the accessibility of this item. Richwine, Lindsay R. (2019) "Victoria: The irlG Who Would Become Queen," The Gettysburg Historical Journal: Vol. 18 , Article 7. Available at: https://cupola.gettysburg.edu/ghj/vol18/iss1/7 This open access article is brought to you by The uC pola: Scholarship at Gettysburg College. It has been accepted for inclusion by an authorized administrator of The uC pola. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Victoria: The irG l Who Would Become Queen Abstract This research reviews the early life of Queen Victoria and through analysis of her sequestered childhood and lack of parental figures explains her reliance later in life on mentors and advisors. Additionally, the research reviews previous biographical portrayals of the Queen and refutes the claim that she was merely a receptacle for the ideas of the men around her while still acknowledging and explaining her dependence on these advisors. Keywords Queen Victoria, England, British History, Monarchy, Early Life, Women's History This article is available in The Gettysburg Historical Journal: https://cupola.gettysburg.edu/ghj/vol18/iss1/7 Victoria: The Girl Who Would Become Queen By Lindsay Richwine “I am very young and perhaps in many, though not in all things, inexperienced, but I am sure that very few have more real good-will and more real desire to do what is fit and right than I have.”1 –Queen Victoria, 1837 Queen Victoria was arguably the most influential person of the 19th century.
    [Show full text]
  • Victorian Drama
    VICTORIAN DRAMA By jOHN A. DEGEN MosT HISTORIANS OF Victorian life and art have not given sustained and serious attention to the drama and the theatrical environn1ent in which it was produced. The theatre as a social pheno1nenon is forgotten in the wake of other, more pressing concerns-the growth of industry, labor legislation, public health, and political enfranchisetnent-while the drama written during the bulk of the century is generally looked upon as the black sheep of Victorian literature. Indeed, even historians of theatrical art tend to treat the nineteenth-century Eng­ lish theatre with overtones of derision, while most sur­ ve ys of British dra1na seem to suggest that the genre underwent a nearly total eclipse between the plays of Sheridan and Shaw. Yet the Victorian theatre was one of the most vitally active in the long history of dramatic art. Particularly after the well-reported attendance of the newly ascended Queen Victoria made it unquestionably respectable, the theatre was a part of the lives of London­ ers of all classes. And since the theatre was patronized by such a broad spectrum of the population, the study of the types of dramatic entertainment which were demanded and made available cannot help but be revealing of the society of the time. As a repository for the resources for such a study, the Lilly Library is as richly endowed with materials relating to the nineteenth-century British theatre as it is in the street literature and other aspects of Victorian popular culture. The core of the Lilly's holdings in this area is the vast collection of nineteenth-century British [ 5 J drama assembled by Keith L.
    [Show full text]
  • Victorian Literature
    Victorian Literature Defining Victorian literature in any satisfactory and comprehensive manner has proven troublesome for critics ever since the nineteenth century came to a close. The movement roughly comprises the years from 1830 to 1900, though there is ample disagreement regarding even this simple point. The name given to the period is borrowed from the royal matriarch of England, Queen Victoria, who sat on throne from 1837 to 1901. One has difficulty determining with any accuracy where the Romantic Movement of the early nineteenth century leaves off and the Victorian Period begins because these traditions have so many aspects in common. Likewise, identifying the point where Victorianism gives way completely to Modernism is no easy task. Literary periods are never the discrete, self- contained realms which the anthologies so suggest. Rather, a literary period more closely resembles a rope that is frayed at both ends. Many threads make up the rope and work together to form the whole artistic and cultural milieu. The Victorian writers exhibited some well-established habits from previous eras, while at the same time pushing arts and letters in new and interesting directions. Indeed, some of the later Victorian novelists and poets are nearly indistinguishable from the Modernists who followed shortly thereafter. In spite of the uncertainty of terminology, there are some concrete statements that one can make regarding the nature of Victorian literature, and the intellectual world which nurtured that literature. If there is one transcending aspect to Victorian England life and society, that aspect is change – or, more accurately, upheaval. Everything that the previous centuries had held as sacred and indisputable truth came under assault during the middle and latter parts of the nineteenth century.
    [Show full text]
  • Visualising Victoria: Gender, Genre and History in the Young Victoria (2009)
    Visualising Victoria: Gender, Genre and History in The Young Victoria (2009) Julia Kinzler (Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Germany) Abstract This article explores the ambivalent re-imagination of Queen Victoria in Jean-Marc Vallée’s The Young Victoria (2009). Due to the almost obsessive current interest in Victorian sexuality and gender roles that still seem to frame contemporary debates, this article interrogates the ambiguous depiction of gender relations in this most recent portrayal of Victoria, especially as constructed through the visual imagery of actual artworks incorporated into the film. In its self-conscious (mis)representation of Victorian (royal) history, this essay argues, The Young Victoria addresses the problems and implications of discussing the film as a royal biopic within the generic conventions of heritage cinema. Keywords: biopic, film, gender, genre, iconography, neo-Victorianism, Queen Victoria, royalty, Jean-Marc Vallée. ***** In her influential monograph Victoriana, Cora Kaplan describes the huge popularity of neo-Victorian texts and the “fascination with things Victorian” as a “British postwar vogue which shows no signs of exhaustion” (Kaplan 2007: 2). Yet, from this “rich afterlife of Victorianism” cinematic representations of the eponymous monarch are strangely absent (Johnston and Waters 2008: 8). The recovery of Queen Victoria on film in John Madden’s visualisation of the delicate John-Brown-episode in the Queen’s later life in Mrs Brown (1997) coincided with the academic revival of interest in the monarch reflected by Margaret Homans and Adrienne Munich in Remaking Queen Victoria (1997). Academia and the film industry brought the Queen back to “the centre of Victorian cultures around the globe”, where Homans and Munich believe “she always was” (Homans and Munich 1997: 1).
    [Show full text]
  • A Study of the Floral Biology of Viciaria Amazonica (Poepp.) Sowerby (Nymphaeaceae)
    A study of the Floral Biology of Viciaria amazonica (Poepp.) Sowerby (Nymphaeaceae) Ghillean T. Prance (1) Jorge R. Arias (2) Abstract Victoria and the beetles which visit the flowers in large numbers, and to collect data A field study of the floral biology of Victoria on V. amazonica to compare with the data of amazonica (Poepp.) Sowerby (Nymphaeaceae) was Valia & Girino (1972) on V. cruziana. made for comparison with the many studies made in cultivated plants, of Victoria in the past. In thE: study areas in the vicinity of Manaus, four species HISTORY OF WORK ON THE FLORAL of Dynastid beetles were found in flowers of V. BIOLOGY OF VICTORIA. amazonica, three of the genus Cyclocephala and one o! Ligyrus . The commonest species of beetle The nomenclatura( and taxonomic history proved to be a new species of Cyclocephala and was found in over 90 percent of the flowers studied. of the genus has already been summarized in The flowers of V. amazonica attract beetles by Prance (1974). where it has been shown that their odour and their white colour on the first the correct name for the Amazonian species day that they open. The beetles are trapped in the of Victoria is V. amazonica, and not the more flower for twenty-four hours and feed on the starchy carpellary appendages. Observations were frequently used name, V. regia. The taxonomic made of flower temperature, which is elevated up history is not treated further here. to 11 aC above ambient temperature, when the flower Victoria amazonica has been a subject of emits the odour to attract the beetles.
    [Show full text]
  • JEWELS of the EDWARDIANS by Elise B
    JEWELS OF THE EDWARDIANS By Elise B. Misiorowski and Nancy K. Hays Although the reign of King Edward VII of ver the last decade, interest in antique and period jew- Great Britain was relatively short (1902- elry has grown dramatically. Not only have auction 1910), the age that bears his name produced 0 houses seen a tremendous surge in both volume of goods distinctive jewelry and ushered in several sold and prices paid, but antique dealers and jewelry retail- new designs and manufacturing techniques. ers alikereportthat sales inthis area of the industry are During this period, women from the upper- excellent and should continue to be strong (Harlaess et al., most echelons of society wore a profusion of 1992). As a result, it has become even more important for extravagant jewelry as a way of demon- strating their wealth and rank. The almost- jewelers and independent appraisers to understand-and exclusive use of platinum, the greater use of know how to differentiate between-the many styles of pearls, and the sleady supply of South period jewelry on the market. African diamonds created a combination Although a number of excellent books have been writ- that will forever characterize Edwardian ten recently on various aspects of period jewelry, there are jewels. The Edwardian age, truly the last so many that the search for information is daunting. The era of the ruling classes, ended dramatically purpose of this article is to provide an overview of one type with the onset of World War I. of period jewelry, that of the Edwardian era, an age of pros- perity for the power elite at the turn of the 19th century.
    [Show full text]
  • Introduction to Victorian and Twentieth-Century Literature Heesok Chang
    Introduction to Victorian and Twentieth-Century Literature Heesok Chang Unlike the preceding three volumes in this Companion to British Literature – the Medieval, Early Modern, and Long Eighteenth Century – the current one attempts to cover at least two distinct periods: the Victorian and the Twentieth Century. To make matters more difficult, the second of these hardly counts as a single period; it is less an epoch than a placeholder. In terms of periodization, the Victorian era is succeeded – or some might say, overthrown – by the Modern. But modernism is not capacious enough to encompass the various kinds of literary art that emerged in Britain following World War II, the postmodern and the postcolonial, for example. We could follow the lead of recent scholars and expand the modernist period beyond the “high” to include the “late” and arguably the “post” as well. But this conceptual as well as temporal expansion does not take in the vital British literature written from the 1970s onward, an historical era distinct from the “postwar” that critics refer to, for now, as the “contemporary” (see English 2006). Of course, all periods are designated after they have finished, including the Victo- rian, which was very much a modernist creation. Yet it is unlikely we will come to call the period stretching from the middle of the last century to the early decades of the new millennium, from the breakup of Britain’s empire to the devolution of Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland, “Elizabethan.” And this despite the Victo- rian longevity of the Windsor monarch’s reign. The queen is one and the same, but the national culture is anything but.
    [Show full text]
  • Victoria & Abdul
    Victoria & Abdul For those Anglophiles who want another immersion in the warm, luxurious stew of the British monarchy, look no further for your latest fix than “Victoria and Abdul,” an engaging if utterly predictable dip into late Victorianism by a whole passel of old British pros, plus an attractive newcomer. All you need to know is that Dame Judi Dench rules this film as Queen Victoria, way late in her reign, alienated from her son (the future Edward VII), sour as vinegar from her unending rule, and looking for some—any—breath of the novel and the fresh. As she herself admits when challenged in the film: ”I am cantankerous, greedy, fat; I am perhaps, disagreeably, attached to power.” Her relief comes in the form of one Abdul Karim, a young, literate Indian Muslim (Ali Fazal) who is selected to come to London from Agra in 1887 to deliver a special commemorative coin to Her Majesty on the occasion of her Golden Jubilee. Abdul is supposed to be invisible to the Queen, but instead he catches her eye, then her mood, and finally, her spirit to the point where he becomes her teacher, or “munshi,” in all things Muslim and Indian as well as serving as her clerk. Theirs is a relationship which appalls her family—including the Prince of Wales (a bombastic Eddie Izzard)— and the court—especially in the person of Sir Henry Ponsonby (the uptight Tim Pigott- Smith) but which lasted until the Queen’s death in 1901. Sound familiar? Of course, we are in the same realm as the earlier “Mrs.
    [Show full text]
  • FACT SHEET Frogmore House Frogmore House
    FACT SHEET Frogmore House Frogmore House is a private, unoccupied residence set in the grounds of the Home Park of Windsor Castle. It is frequently used by the royal family for entertaining. It was recently used as the reception venue for the wedding of The Queen’s eldest grandson, Peter Phillips, to Autumn Kelly, in May 2008. How history shaped Frogmore The estate in which Frogmore House now lies first came into royal ownership in the 16th century. The original Frogmore House was built between 1680 and 1684 for tenants Anne Aldworth and her husband Thomas May, almost certainly to the designs of his uncle, Hugh May who was Charles II’s architect at Windsor. From 1709 to 1738 Frogmore House was leased by the Duke of NorthumberlandNorthumberland, son of Charles II by the Duchess of Cleveland. The House then had a succession of occupants, including Edward Walpole, second son of the Prime Minister Sir Robert Walpole. In 1792 George III (r. 1760-1820) bought Frogmore House for his wife Queen CharlotteCharlotte, who used it for herself and her unmarried daughters as a country retreat. Although the house had been continuously occupied and was generally in good condition, a number of alterations were required to make it fit for the use of the royal family, and architect James Wyatt was appointed to the task. By May 1795, Wyatt had extended the second floor and added single- storey pavilions to the north and south of the garden front, linked by an open colonnade and in 1804 he enlarged the wings by adding a tall bow room and a low room beyond, to make a dining room and library at the south end and matching rooms at the north.
    [Show full text]
  • The Young Victoria Production Notes
    THE YOUNG VICTORIA PRODUCTION NOTES GK Films Presents THE YOUNG VICTORIA Emily Blunt Rupert Friend Paul Bettany Miranda Richardson Jim Broadbent Thomas Kretschmann Mark Strong Jesper Christensen Harriet Walter Directed by Jean-Marc Vallée Screenplay By Julian Fellowes Produced by Graham King Martin Scorsese Tim Headington Sarah Ferguson, The Duchess of York 2 SHORT SYNOPSIS The Young Victoria chronicles Queen Victoria's ascension to the throne, focusing on the early turbulent years of her reign and her legendary romance and marriage to Prince Albert. SYNOPSIS 1837. VICTORIA (17) (Emily Blunt) is the object of a royal power struggle. Her uncle, KING WILLIAM (Jim Broadbent), is dying and Victoria is in line for the throne. Everyone is vying to win her favor. However Victoria is kept from the court by her overbearing mother, THE DUCHESS OF KENT (Miranda Richardson), and her ambitious advisor, CONROY (Mark Strong). Victoria hates them both. Her only friend is her doting governess, LEHZEN (Jeanette Hain), who is seemingly as untrustworthy as the rest. Victoria’s handsome cousin, ALBERT (Rupert Friend) is invited to visit by her mother. He's also the nephew of her Uncle, KING LEOPOLD OF BELGIUM (Thomas Kretschmann). It's obvious that Albert has been coached to win her hand. At first she's annoyed as she has no intention of being married. She never wants to be controlled again. However Albert is also tired of being manipulated by his relatives. Victoria and Albert talk openly and sincerely and become friends. When he returns home she grants him permission to write to her.
    [Show full text]
  • ENL 4251 Victorian Poetry Syllabus
    ENL 4251: Victorian Literature Theme: The Social Measures of Victorian Poetry Professor: Dr. Amy Kahrmann Huseby Email: [email protected] Discussion Meets: Tues./Thurs. 9:30-10:45 a.m. Location: AC2 Rm. 210 Office Hours: Thurs. 11:00-12:00 and by appointment Office: AC1 Rm. 354 Table of Contents Welcome to ENL 4251: Victorian Poetry Course Description 2 This course engages with literature of Course Theme 2 nineteenth-century England to gain Texts you should buy 3 How we will evaluate your progress 3 understanding of the history, culture, and What you’ll achieve in this course 3 aesthetics of the era. In Victorian England, How you can succeed in this course 4-5 poetry was ubiquitous, informing both Frequently asked questions 5 everyday Victorian practices (expressions of What if you’re sick or miss class? 5 What if you can’t turn work in on time? 5 sociability, sexual identity, faith, and grief, for The types of assignments you’ll do 5 example), and transformative literary, On using cell phones and laptops 5 artistic, political, religious, social, and How you’ll learn about assignments 5 scientific developments of the nineteenth What about syllabus changes? 5 What is academic misconduct? 6 century (the Pre-Raphaelite, Tractarian, and What other resources are available? 6-7 Chartist movements, for instance, or Calendar of readings and due dates 8-12 debates over evolution, empire, and mass culture). Consequently, we will focus our attention entirely on the poetry from this era in this course, working to understand its forms, sounds, and its unique ability to form communities, collectives, and groups.
    [Show full text]