Summer 2011 Newsletter
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Downtown Neighborhood City of Niagara Falls: Phase I
Intensive Level Survey Historic Resources – Downtown Neighborhood City of Niagara Falls: Phase I 3.0 Historical Overview This section provides a narrative history of the City of Niagara Falls with specific emphasis on the Downtown neighborhood. The overview addresses significant trends and themes associated with the city’s historic context. The Downtown neighborhood’s period of significance is identified and examined in this chapter. Martin Wachadlo, architectural historian, conducted the background historic research. 3.1 Niagara County: Physiology and Geology Figure 3-1. Niagara Falls, Niagara Falls, New York Niagara County borders the southern shore of Lake Ontario in the extreme northwestern corner of New York State, and occupies part of the Huron and Ontario Plains. The Ontario Plain comprises part of Lake Ontario to the foot of the Niagara Escarpment1, and the Huron plain extends from the crest of the escarpment southward beyond the county line. The Niagara Escarpment begins in Watertown, New York, USA and extends westerly along the Manitoulin Island in the Province of Ontario, Canada. The escarpment continues through Wisconsin and Illinois. With geological material measuring 64-ft thick, the stratigraphy at Niagara Falls provides a glimpse into the overall rock types comprising the Niagara Escarpment (Figure 3-1). The top layer is Lockport Dolomite, a hard rock referred to as the "Lower Silurian Group." Below the top layer is Rochester Shale, which is much softer and wears away easily with the effects of erosion. Under the shale are harder strata of limestone and dolostone known as the "Clinton Group." Below the harder strata is Grimsby sandstone. -
* * * * * Power, the Gift of Niagara
* * * * * POWER, THE GIFT OF NIAGARA By John Aiken and Richard Aiken THE SOURCE OF NIAGARA POWER F AR from the mighty waterfalls and high in the sky above the Great Lakes begins our story of Niagara power. Here, a never- ending cycle takes pl.acethat provi?es the power for Niagar3; - a power made possIble by the WInd and the sun. The WInd, carrying warm air from the Great Plains, sweeps eastward across the sprawling chain of inland seas.The warm breezespick up moisture and carry it aloft into the cold upper air. Here the moisture cools. Clouds form. They blacken and deepen into thunderheads that shoulder out the sun. For an instant, the wind dies; suddenly, it stiffens. Then comes the rain; sometimes a downpour, sometimes a drizzle. The wind sweeps the rain eastward over Lakes Superior, Michigan, Huron, Erie, and surrounding shores. From an area of some 265,000 square miles this rainwater drains into countless streams that flow into the lakes. In time, the rainstorm finds jts way to the Atlantic Ocean. Over the Great Lakes region the rain stops and the clouds break. Then the cycle begins again. Sunlight pours through to warm earth and air; wind gathers up moisture from land and water, and clouds take shape. Rain falls, and again water drains into the lakes. The lakes swell and water starts flowing eastward. From Lake Superior it runs through narrow straits into Lakes Huron and Michigan. At the southern end of Lake Huron it again crowds into a narrow waterway, then is passes Detroit's smokestacks and sweeps through the Detroit River into Lake Erie. -
Peter B. Porter and the Buffalo Black Rock Rivalry
Buffalo Harbor, 1811. A view of the Lake and Ft. Erie from Buffalo Creek. PETER B. PORTER AND THE BUFF ALO BLACK.ROCK RIV ALRY by Joseph A. Grande The history of western New York is filled with tales of adventure, accomplishment, and controversy. One such tale involved the bitter rivalry early in the 1800s between two small villages, Buffalo and Black Rock. Buffalo, located at the eastern end of Lake Erie at the mouth of Buffalo Creek, and Black Rock, two miles north on the Niagara River just beyond today's Peace Bridge, competed fiercely to become the center of urban and commercial development on the Niagara Frontier, then still a wilderness. The rivalry began even before the two villages had been founded. By 1800, millions of acres in western New York belonged to the Holland Land Company, a corporation owned by six Dutch banks. The Holland Company had purchased over five million acres of land in the United States between 1792 and 1794. Most of it was located in the area from the Genesee River to Lake Erie including the present site of Buffalo. To supervise the American operation, a respected Italian-born Amsterdam businessman, Paul Busti, was sent to the Company's Philadelphia headquarters where he cooperated with Pennsylvanian Joseph Ellicott who directed land surveys in western New York. The ruggedly-build six-foot-three Ellicott had already earned a reputa- tion as an expert surveyor, a reputation reenforced by the efficient and speedy completion of the Holland survey. 1 Consequently, Busti offered Ellicott a contract to direct land sales as resident agent in western New York; and on November 1, 1800, the Pennsylvanian began a new career. -
Seneca Nation of Indians V. Christy: a Background Study
Buffalo Law Review Volume 46 Number 3 Symposium on Law, Sovereignty and Article 7 Tribal Governance: The Iroquois Confederacy 10-1-1998 Seneca Nation of Indians v. Christy: A Background Study Laurence M. Hauptman State University of New York at New Paltz Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.law.buffalo.edu/buffalolawreview Part of the Indian and Aboriginal Law Commons Recommended Citation Laurence M. Hauptman, Seneca Nation of Indians v. Christy: A Background Study, 46 Buff. L. Rev. 947 (1998). Available at: https://digitalcommons.law.buffalo.edu/buffalolawreview/vol46/iss3/7 This Symposium Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Law Journals at Digital Commons @ University at Buffalo School of Law. It has been accepted for inclusion in Buffalo Law Review by an authorized editor of Digital Commons @ University at Buffalo School of Law. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Seneca Nation of Indians v. Christy: A Background Study LAURENCE M. HAUPTMANt The decision is one of local, state, and national importance alike... If the claim of the plaintiffs had been substantiated, it would have not only challenged the title of every purchaser and holder of land included in the Ogden Land Company's purchase of August 31, 1826, but also the title to many millions of acres2 of lands in the state held under similar treaties with the Indians. INTRODUCTION On January 21, 1974, the United States Supreme Court overturned one hundred forty-three years of American law. Oneida Indian Nation of New York State v. County of Oneida allowed this Indian nation access to federal courts in the pursuit of its land claims.3 This landmark decision held the federal Trade and Intercourse Acts (Non- Intercourse Acts) applicable to the original thirteen states, thereby providing access of the federal courts to the Oneidas as well as to other Indians seeking their land returned to them. -
Early History of Cleveland, Ohio
Cleveland State University EngagedScholarship@CSU Cleveland Memory Books 2015 Early History of Cleveland, Ohio Charles Whittlesey Follow this and additional works at: https://engagedscholarship.csuohio.edu/clevmembks Part of the United States History Commons How does access to this work benefit ou?y Let us know! Recommended Citation Whittlesey, Charles, "Early History of Cleveland, Ohio" (2015). Cleveland Memory. 26. https://engagedscholarship.csuohio.edu/clevmembks/26 This Book is brought to you for free and open access by the Books at EngagedScholarship@CSU. It has been accepted for inclusion in Cleveland Memory by an authorized administrator of EngagedScholarship@CSU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. EARLY HISTORY OF CLEVELAND, OHIO. INCLUDING ORIGINAL PAPERS AND OTHER MATTER RELATING TO THE ADJACENT COUNTRY. WITH BIOGRAPHICAL NOTICES OF THE PIONEERS AND SURVEYORS. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- BY COL. CHA'S WHITTLESEY. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- CLEVELAND, O. 1867 --------------------------------------------------------------------- COPY RIGHT SECURED ACCORDING TO LAW. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------- FAIRBANKS, BENEDICT & CO., PRINTERS, HERALD OFFICE CLEVELAND. ----------------------------------------------------------------- PREFACE. The materials for this work have been accumulating many years, -
Niagara, from 1805 to 1875, by an Old Resident.
•fOr""^-^^ 'QK ^N, ^^HSlTt uW^^ $StA'1^AmA ^ 1805 to 1875. AiiPiis Steadmaii House BUILT IN BUILT IN 1760, BURNED IN 1813. \\ /L.._^i£ w: ' - -~y j:^^^ ^^"^-^^ 'in To Port Little Xiaoara. Stejtdni^m Augustus Porli'i's Ilduse House . BUILT IN 1760, eURNEO IN 1813. - , r^'-'^^j^^^^-wJ^' V %Msi-^-^^ -Sk-^ c II ^(r, 7-\ '^ifl^.J-i^ '-'n- '''</ A 2^1 1 Little Niagara. H Old French Saw mil. B Foil Ichkiaser 1 Old Stockade. C ^teadman Souse. J K Rivei- Road. I> S imll Duelling. li Path to the PalU E F Oa lie I and Orchard. O Old Burying Groiinil. G Old French Lamlinff P P Portage Boaih. I'orl Sclilosser I'ort LitQc Xi.iuaT.i NIAGARA, FROM 1805 TO 1875, BY AN OLD RESIDENT. NIAGARA: PAST AND PRESENT. THE name Niagara is derived from the Indian, first written Onguiaahra and Ongiara. It is of Iroquois origin, and was pronounced Niiigarah. It is used by Henne- pin in its present form. The meaning is doubtful, probably nothing more than high or great fall. No Indian name is known to have been given to Goat Island. The first historical notice of the Cataract is found in 1535. Cartier, the distinguished French navigator and discoverer, in that year first entered the Gulf of St. Lawrence, and as- cended the river to the Indian x'illage of Hochelaga, the site of the present city of Montreal. To him the Indians gave information of the existence of the great lakes, and of a wonderful waterfall between them. The position of the cat- aract is correctly indicated on Champlain's map of 1632. -
SECTION II Inventory and Analysis
DRAFT - Town of Porter Local Waterfront Revitalization Program SECTION II Inventory and Analysis The Town of Porter has extensive areas of waterfront along Lake Ontario and the Niagara River. These shoreline areas are distinctly different. Most of the waterfront area, particularly along the lake, is well-established with residential uses. These areas have retained a rural character that is enhanced by their shoreline locations. With limited areas of public land, the Town desires to provide opportunities for public access to the greatest extent possible. The Town would also like to establish multi-use trails that would become part of the regional Niagara River Greenway system, allowing a connection with the adjoining Town of Lewiston and the City of Niagara Falls to the south and the Town of Wilson to the east. This local waterfront revitalization program is aimed at improving the quality of life in the waterfront area and taking advantage of existing assets along the Niagara River and Lake Ontario. The following provides an overview of the analysis of existing waterfront conditions and resources. 2.1 Summary of Issues and Opportunities in the Waterfront Revitalization Area 2.1.1 Findings . The Town of Porter waterfront possesses a quaint, rural character, making it an attractive place for residents and visitors alike. The waterfront is primarily residential in nature; there are no water-dependent uses and no waterfront commercial activity. Lake Road (State Route 18) and Lower River Road (State Route 18F) are both designated segments of the New York Great Lakes Seaway Trail, are State-designated Scenic By-Ways, and are designated as portions of the Historic Niagara Trail, validating the scenic and cultural importance of these shoreline thoroughfares. -
Niagara Falls) to the West
THE SUBLIME FALLS –– HENRY DIDN’T GO THERE February 12, Wednesday: ... There is something more than association at the bottom of the excitement which the roar of a cataract produces. It is allied to the circulation in our veins We have a waterfall which corresponds even to Niagara somewhere within us. It is astonishing what a rush & tumult a slight inclination will produce in a swolen brook. How it proclaims its glee –its boisterousness –rushing headlong in its prodigal course as if it would exhaust itself in half an hour – how it spends itself– I would say to the orator and poet Flow freely & lavishly as a brook that is full –without stint –perchance I have stumbled upon the origin of the word lavish. It does not hesitate to tumble down the steepest precipice & roar or tinkle as it goes, –for fear it will exhaust its fountain.– The impetuosity of descending waters even by the slightest inclination! It seems to flow with ever increasing rapidity. It is difficult to believe what Philosophers assert that it is merely a difference in the form of the elementary particles, as whether they are square or globular –which makes the difference between the steadfast everlasting & reposing hill-side & the impetuous torrent which tumbles down it.... THE SCARLET LETTER: There was one thing that much aided me in renewing and re-creating the stalwart soldier of the Niagara frontier – the man of true and simple energy. It was the recollection of those memorable words of his –“I’ll try, Sir”– spoken on the very verge of a desperate and heroic enterprise, and breathing the soul and spirit of New England hardihood, comprehending all perils, and encountering all. -
Francis Abbott, the Hermit of Niagara Falls
FRANCIS ABBOTT, THE HERMIT OF NIAGARA FALLS “NARRATIVE HISTORY” AMOUNTS TO FABULATION, THE REAL STUFF BEING MERE CHRONOLOGY “Stack of the Artist of Kouroo” Project Hermit of Niagara Falls HDT WHAT? INDEX HERMIT OF NIAGARA FALLS FRANCIS ABBOTT 1803 Francis Abbott was born in England. HERMITS NOBODY COULD GUESS WHAT WOULD HAPPEN NEXT Hermit of Niagara Falls “Stack of the Artist of Kouroo” Project HDT WHAT? INDEX FRANCIS ABBOTT HERMIT OF NIAGARA FALLS 1816 As part of an investment project to develop power from the 50-foot cascade of water above the lip of Niagara Falls for use in “a thousand mills,” Goat Island was purchased by Peter and Augustus S. Porter. A posthumous edition of Pierre-Louis-Georges Du Buat’s work on hydraulics, as PRINCIPES D’HYDRAULIQUE ET DE PYRODYNAMIQUE VÉRIFIÉS PAR UN GRAND NOMBRE D’EXPÉRIENCES (Paris: Firmin Didot; the 1st volume analytical, the 2d experimental, and the 3d volume described as “Pyrodynamique,” that he had authored during his exile). DU BUAT, VOLUME I DU BUAT, VOLUME II DU BUAT, VOLUME III LIFE IS LIVED FORWARD BUT UNDERSTOOD BACKWARD? — NO, THAT’S GIVING TOO MUCH TO THE HISTORIAN’S STORIES. LIFE ISN’T TO BE UNDERSTOOD EITHER FORWARD OR BACKWARD. “Stack of the Artist of Kouroo” Project Hermit of Niagara Falls HDT WHAT? INDEX HERMIT OF NIAGARA FALLS FRANCIS ABBOTT 1818 Peter Buell Porter and Augustus S. Porter, managers of a general store in the town of Niagara in upstate New York offering food and clothing, liquors, grain, candles, hardware, lumber and leather goods, working with Parkhurst Whitney, owner of a hotel near Niagara Falls, had a stairway erected to take guests over the rocks to the base of the falls where they could pretend to their companions that they had gone, or persuade themselves that they had gone, “behind the cataract.” Above the falls, meanwhile, they constructed a bridge to Goat Island, on which, evidently, buried in the woods, there was a tiny log cabin that had been abandoned by a previous pioneer family. -
LAND of the SENECAS Other Books by .AR.Ch MERRILL
The Saga of a People "LANn OF THE SENECAS" is the eighth regional book from the pen of Arch Merrill, who has written himself into the hearts of thousands in vVestern New York. But this is more than just another book about a region of \Vestern New York. This is the story of a people, the Seneca Indians, who once called all Western New York their own. It is a story of their way of life, their religion, their legends, as well as the dramatic history of the proud "Keepers of the Western Door", the most popu· lous and militant of the Six Nations of the Iroquois Long House. The book takes the reader through a familiar countryside, to old Indian towns on the sites of many modern cities and villages; along old Indian trails that now are modern highways, beside the streams and lakes we know so well that were beloved of old by the Senecas. Arch Merrill, writing in his distinctive, lively style, brings out the Indian lore of nearly every community from the eastern hills above Seneca Lake to Niagara's "thunder water". He deals in sympathetic fashion with the present day problems of the Seneca Nation, huddled on reservations that are only a fraction of the vast do main that was their fathers'. LAND OF THE SENECAS Other Books by .AR.cH MERRILL A RIVER RAMBLB THE LAKES COUNTRY. THE RIDGE THE TOWPATH ROCHESTER SKETCH BOOK STAGE COACH TOWNS TOMAHAWKS AND OLD LACE UPSTATE ECHOES SLIM FINGERS BECKON SHADOWS ON THE WALL · SOUTHERN TIER, VOL. I LAND OF THE SENECAS BY ARCH MERRILL First Printing, 1949 Second Printing, 1953 Third Printing, 1956 Fourth Printing, 1958 Fifth Printing, 1964 Sixth Printing, 1966 Seventh Printing, 1969 Eighth Printing, 1972 Address all orders and Inquiries To Creek Books, P.O. -
Public Hearing of the New York State Senate Committee on Racing, Gaming & Wagering
Public Hearing ofthe New York State Senate Committee on Racing, Gaming & Wagering September 6,2011 -11:00 AM - 2:00 PM Ontario County Safety Training Facility, Rooms 2 & 3,2914 County Road 48, Canandaigua, NY 14424 WITNESS LIST 1. Robert Porter, President, Seneca Nation of Indians 2. Michael D. Kane, President and CEO, Western Regional Off-Track Betting Corporation 3. Jeffrey Gural, Chairman, Newmark, Knight, Frank 4. Tracy Egan, Executive Director, Thoroughbred Breeding and Development Fund and Jeffrey Cannizzo, Executive Director, New York State Thoroughbred Breeders Association. 5. David Brown, President, and Dennis Petrisak, Vice-President, Finger Lakes Horsemen Benevolent & Protective Association 6. Nelson Acquilano, LMSW, Executive Director, Council on Alcoholism and Addictions of the Finger Lakes and David Young, Problem Gambling Prevention Coordinator, DePaul's National Council on Alcoholism and Drug Dependence CD Testimony ofRobert Odawi Porter Presidentofthe Seneca Nationof Indians Before the NYS Senate Committee on Racing, Gaming and Wagering September 6,2011 I. Introduction and Background. Nya:weh Ske.no. Greetings to Chairman Bonacic and members of the Committee, and tothe other Senators in attendance. I am thankful that you are well, and appreciate the opportunity to address you today. I am here today on behalfofthe Seneca Nation ofIndians- and on behalfofthose New Yorkers who are employed bythe Nation's enterprises, some ofwhom have joined us today - to share with you our perspective on the question of whether the state constitution should be amended to permit commercialized gambling in New York State. A constitutional amendment allowing commercial casino gambling inWestern New York would undermine the Seneca Nation's billion dollar investment in Western New York. -
Iroquois Books from the Collection of Marilyn L. Haas
Iroquois Books from the Collection of Marilyn L. Haas Recompiled and edited by Karen L. Spencer Charles B. Sears Law Library University at Buffalo October 2001 1. Abler, Thomas S. Chainbreaker, the Revolutionary Memoirs of Governor Blacksnake As Told to Benjamin Williams. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1989. 306p. 2. ---. "Friends, Factions and the Seneca Nation Revolution of 1848." Niagara Frontier 21, no. 4 (1974): 74-79. Fights from 1848 to 1855 between the old government-by-chief faction and the new government-by-elected-council faction fueled by land sales, method of annuity distribution (whether to heads of families or to chiefs), the actions of the Hicksite and Orthodox Quakers, and the new constitution written "for a people who could not read, which has until this year been exercised by elected officers who could not write." Photo. 3. Aborigines' Committee of the Meeting for Sufferings. [London Yearly Meeting, Society of Friends] Some Account of the Conduct of the Religious Society of Friends Towards the Indian Tribes in the Settlement of the Colonies of East and West Jersey and Pennsylvania With a Brief Narrative of Their Labors for the Civilization and Christian Instruction of the Indians, From the Time of Their Settlement in America, to the Year 1843. Publications Relative to the Aborigines, No. 9. London: Edward Marsh, 84, Houndsditch, 1844. 247p. Small (hand-colored?) map locating tribes of eastern half of United States is present. 4. Abrams, George H. The Seneca People. Phoenix, AZ: Indian Tribal Series, 1976. 106p. Survey of battles, treaties, land transactions, and tribal, state, and federal government actions from the 1500s to the 1970s.