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SOIL SURVEY of ANNAPOLIS COUNTY Nova Scctia J. 1. MacDougall and J. L. Nowland CANADA DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE and J. D. Hilchey NOVA SCOTIA DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE AND MARKETING Report No. 16 NOVA SCOTIA SOIL SURVEY Truro, Nova Scotia CANADA DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE and NOVA SCOTIA DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE AND MARKETING 1969 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The soi1 survey of Annapolis County was a joint project of the Canada Depart- ment of Agriculture and the Nova Scotia Department of Agriculture and Marketing. The authors are indebted to many people for contributions to the survey and for assistance in preparing the report. Dr. D. B. Cann, Soil Correlator (Atlantic Provinces) of the Soil Research Institute, Canada Department of Agriculture, was engaged in the early field work and later visited the area on several occasions. Various members of the staff of the Nova Scotia Agricultural College, Truro, provided information on the vegetation, soils, and crops of the area. The late Prof. H. L. Canieron and Prof. R. H. MacNeill, Departnient of Geology, Acadia University, Wolfville, supplied information on the geology of the County. The authors were assisted in the field by D. Sutherland, D. Higgins, and W. Rector. The soi1 maps were prepared by the Cartography Section, Soi1 Research Institute, Ottawa. The Nova Scotia Agricuitural Coilege provided headquarters and laboratory facilities for the work. 3 CONTENTS Page ACKNOWLEDGMENTS.... 3 SUMMARK.................................................................................................................................................... 7 INTRODUCTION......................................................................................................... 8 GENERALDESCRIPTION OF THE AREA.................................................................................................... 8 Location and extent ......................................................................................................................... 8 Climate ................................................................................................................................................ 8 Topography and drainage............................................................................................................... 11 Geology .............................................................................................................................................. 13 Vegetation .......................................................................................................................................... 17 History of development .................................................................................................................... 18 Population, industry, and communications.................................................................................... 19 SOS DEVELOPMENT,CLASSIFICATION, AND MAPPING........................................................................... 21 The factors of soi1 formation ......................................................................................................... 21 Soil development in the surveyed area ............................................................................................ 23 Soil classification ............................................................................................................................... 24 Mapping procedure ........................................................................................................................... 26 DESCRIPTIONSOF THE SOILS..................................................................................................................... 26 Soils developed from moderately fine textured parent materials............................................... 26 Acadia series ............................................................................................................................. 21 Fash series ................................................................................................................................. 28 Hantsport series .......................................................................................................................... 29 Kingsville series ......................................................................................................................... 29 Lawrencetown series .................................................................................................................. 30 Middleton series ........................................................................................................................ 31 Wolfville series .......................................................................................................................... 32 Soils developed from medium-textured parent materials .......................................................... 33 Bridgeville series ................................................................................................................... 33 Bridgewater series .................................................................................................................. 33 Chaswood series ................................................................................................................... 34 Cumberland series .................................................................................................................... 35 Kentville series ........................................................................................................................ 35 Middlewood series ......................................................................................................... 36 Morristown series ............................................................................................................... 37 Riverport series .................................................................................................................... 37 Soils developed from moderately coarse textured parent materials ......................................... 38 Annapolis series ........................................................................................................................ 38 Aspotogan series ................................................................................................................... 39 Avonport series ....................................................................................................................... 39 Bayswater series .................................................................................................................... 40 Berwick series .......................................................................................................................... 41 Bridgetown series ..................................................................................................................... 41 Danesville series .................................................................................................................... 42 Debert series .......................................................................................................................... 42 Gibraltar series ......................................................................................................................... 43 Glenmont series ....................................................................................................................... 43 Halifax series ............................................................................................................................ 44 Rossway series ........................................................................................................................ 45 Roxville series ........................................................................................................................... 46 Tiddville series ........................................................................................................................... 46 4 . ;> Page Soils developed from coarse-textured parent materials ................................................................ 47 Canning series ............................................................................................................................ 47 Cornwallis series ........................................................................................................................ 48 Gulliver series ............................................................................................................................ 48 Kingsport series ......................................................................................................................... 49 Millar series ................................................................................................................................ 50 Nictaux series .............................................................................................................................. 51 Torbrook series .......................................................................................................................... 51 Soils developed from organic materials .......................................................................................... 52 Peat .............................................................................................................................................. 52 Miscellaneous land types .................................................................................................................