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A Survey of Aphid Parasitoids and Hyperparasitoids (Hymenoptera) on Six Crops in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq
JHR 81: 9–21 (2021) doi: 10.3897/jhr.81.59784 RESEARCH ARTICLE https://jhr.pensoft.net A survey of aphid parasitoids and hyperparasitoids (Hymenoptera) on six crops in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq Srwa K. Bandyan1,2, Ralph S. Peters3, Nawzad B. Kadir2, Mar Ferrer-Suay4, Wolfgang H. Kirchner1 1 Ruhr University, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany 2 Salahaddin University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Plant Protection, Karkuk street-Ronaki 235 n323, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq 3 Centre of Taxonomy and Evolutionary Research, Arthropoda Depart- ment, Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig, Arthropoda Department, 53113, Bonn, Germany 4 Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Biologia, Departament de Biologia Animal, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028, Barcelona, Spain Corresponding author: Srwa K. Bandyan ([email protected]) Academic editor: J. Fernandez-Triana | Received 18 October 2020 | Accepted 27 January 2021 | Published 25 February 2021 http://zoobank.org/284290E0-6229-4F44-982B-4CC0E643B44A Citation: Bandyan SK, Peters RS, Kadir NB, Ferrer-Suay M, Kirchner WH (2021) A survey of aphid parasitoids and hyperparasitoids (Hymenoptera) on six crops in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 81: 9–21. https://doi.org/10.3897/jhr.81.59784 Abstract In this study, we surveyed aphids and associated parasitoid wasps from six important crop species (wheat, sweet pepper, eggplant, broad bean, watermelon and sorghum), collected at 12 locations in the Kurdistan region of Iraq. A total of eight species of aphids were recorded which were parasitised by eleven species of primary parasitoids belonging to the families Braconidae and Aphelinidae. In addition, four species of hyperparasitoids (in families Encyrtidae, Figitidae, Pteromalidae and Signiphoridae) were recorded. -
Oak Woodland Litter Spiders James Steffen Chicago Botanic Garden
Oak Woodland Litter Spiders James Steffen Chicago Botanic Garden George Retseck Objectives • Learn about Spiders as Animals • Learn to recognize common spiders to family • Learn about spider ecology • Learn to Collect and Preserve Spiders Kingdom - Animalia Phylum - Arthropoda Subphyla - Mandibulata Chelicerata Class - Arachnida Orders - Acari Opiliones Pseudoscorpiones Araneae Spiders Arachnids of Illinois • Order Acari: Mites and Ticks • Order Opiliones: Harvestmen • Order Pseudoscorpiones: Pseudoscorpions • Order Araneae: Spiders! Acari - Soil Mites Characteriscs of Spiders • Usually four pairs of simple eyes although some species may have less • Six pair of appendages: one pair of fangs (instead of mandibles), one pair of pedipalps, and four pair of walking legs • Spinnerets at the end of the abdomen, which are used for spinning silk threads for a variety of purposes, such as the construction of webs, snares, and retreats in which to live or to wrap prey • 1 pair of sensory palps (often much larger in males) between the first pair of legs and the chelicerae used for sperm transfer, prey manipulation, and detection of smells and vibrations • 1 to 2 pairs of book-lungs on the underside of abdomen • Primitively, 2 body regions: Cephalothorax, Abdomen Spider Life Cycle • Eggs in batches (egg sacs) • Hatch inside the egg sac • molt to spiderlings which leave from the egg sac • grows during several more molts (instars) • at final molt, becomes adult – Some long-lived mygalomorphs (tarantulas) molt after adulthood Phenology • Most temperate -
Mites of the Family Parasitidae Oudemans, 1901 (Acari: Mesostigmata) from Japan: a New Species of Vulgarogamasus Tichomirov, 1969, and a Key to Japanese Species
Zootaxa 4429 (2): 379–389 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) http://www.mapress.com/j/zt/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2018 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4429.2.12 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:077BEC50-3983-414A-95CE-A5E5B4C44F6F Mites of the family Parasitidae Oudemans, 1901 (Acari: Mesostigmata) from Japan: a new species of Vulgarogamasus Tichomirov, 1969, and a key to Japanese species MOHAMED W. NEGM1,2,3,4 & TETSUO GOTOH1 1Laboratory of Applied Entomology & Zoology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, Ami, Ibaraki 300–0393, Japan. ORCID: T. Gotoh http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9108-7065 2Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt. [email protected], [email protected], ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000–0003–3479–0496 3Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Chiyoda, Tokyo 102–0083, Japan. 4Corresponding author Abstract Vulgarogamasus edurus sp. nov. (Acari: Parasitidae) is described based on females, deutonymphs and males extracted from leaf litter and soil in Ami, Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan. Morphological differences between the new species and its closely related species, Vulgarogamasus fujisanus (Ishikawa, 1972), are recorded based on the examination of type mate- rials. Information about parasitid mites reported in Japanese literature is reviewed, and a key to species is provided. Key words: Parasitiformes, morphology, Parasitoidea, Japan, new species, Vulgarogamasus, taxonomy Introduction Mites of the family Parasitidae Oudemans, 1901 (Acari, Mesostigmata) are important predators in soil, feeding on microarthropods, collembolans and nematodes (Lindquist et al., 2009). The family comprises 35 genera and about 426 described species (Beaulieu et al., 2011). -
Sexual Selection Research on Spiders: Progress and Biases
Biol. Rev. (2005), 80, pp. 363–385. f Cambridge Philosophical Society 363 doi:10.1017/S1464793104006700 Printed in the United Kingdom Sexual selection research on spiders: progress and biases Bernhard A. Huber* Zoological Research Institute and Museum Alexander Koenig, Adenauerallee 160, 53113 Bonn, Germany (Received 7 June 2004; revised 25 November 2004; accepted 29 November 2004) ABSTRACT The renaissance of interest in sexual selection during the last decades has fuelled an extraordinary increase of scientific papers on the subject in spiders. Research has focused both on the process of sexual selection itself, for example on the signals and various modalities involved, and on the patterns, that is the outcome of mate choice and competition depending on certain parameters. Sexual selection has most clearly been demonstrated in cases involving visual and acoustical signals but most spiders are myopic and mute, relying rather on vibrations, chemical and tactile stimuli. This review argues that research has been biased towards modalities that are relatively easily accessible to the human observer. Circumstantial and comparative evidence indicates that sexual selection working via substrate-borne vibrations and tactile as well as chemical stimuli may be common and widespread in spiders. Pattern-oriented research has focused on several phenomena for which spiders offer excellent model objects, like sexual size dimorphism, nuptial feeding, sexual cannibalism, and sperm competition. The accumulating evidence argues for a highly complex set of explanations for seemingly uniform patterns like size dimorphism and sexual cannibalism. Sexual selection appears involved as well as natural selection and mechanisms that are adaptive in other contexts only. Sperm competition has resulted in a plethora of morpho- logical and behavioural adaptations, and simplistic models like those linking reproductive morphology with behaviour and sperm priority patterns in a straightforward way are being replaced by complex models involving an array of parameters. -
Lepidoptera on the Introduced Robinia Pseudoacacia in Slovakia, Central Europe
Check List 8(4): 709–711, 2012 © 2012 Check List and Authors Chec List ISSN 1809-127X (available at www.checklist.org.br) Journal of species lists and distribution Lepidoptera on the introduced Robinia pseudoacacia in PECIES S OF ISTS L Slovakia, Central Europe Miroslav Kulfan E-mail: [email protected] Comenius University, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Ecology, Mlynská dolina B-1, SK-84215 Bratislava, Slovakia. Abstract: Robinia pseudoacacia A current checklist of Lepidoptera that utilize as a hostplant in Slovakia (Central Europe) faunalis provided. community. The inventory Two monophagous is based on species, a bibliographic the leaf reviewminers andMacrosaccus new unreported robiniella data and from Parectopa southwest robiniella Slovakia., and Thethe polyphagouslist includes 35pest Lepidoptera Hyphantria species cunea belonging to 10 families. Most species are polyphagous and belong to Euro-Siberian have subsequently been introduced to Slovakia. Introduction E. The area is a polygon enclosed by the towns of Bratislava, Robinia pseudoacacia a widespread species in its native habitat in southeastern North America. It was L.introduced (black locust, to orEurope false acacia),in 1601 is Komárno, Veľký Krtíš and Myjava. Ten plots were located in the southern part of the study area. Most were located in theThe remnant trophic ofgroups the original of the floodplain Lepidoptera forests larvae that found were (Chapman 1935). The first mention of planting the species distributed along the Danube and Morava rivers. (Keresztesiin Slovakia dates 1965). from Today, 1750, itwhen is widespread black locust wasthroughout planted (1986). The zoogeographical distribution of the species western,around the central, fortress eastern in Komárno and southern in southern Europe, Slovakia where followswere defined the arrangement following the give system by Reiprichof Brown (2001). -
Arthropods and Other Biota Associated with the Azorean Trees and Shrubs: Juniperus Brevifolia
Arquipelago - Life and Marine Sciences ISSN: 0873-4704 Arthropods and other Biota associated with the Azorean Trees and Shrubs: Juniperus brevifolia RUI NUNES, R. GABRIEL, R.B. ELIAS, F. RIGAL, A.O. SOARES, P. CARDOSO & P.A.V. BORGES Nunes, R., R. Gabriel, R.B. Elias, F. Rigal, A.O. Soares, P. Cardoso & P.A.V. Borges 2015. Arthropods and other Biota associated with the Azorean Trees and Shrubs: Juniperus brevifolia. Arquipelago. Life and Marine Sciences 32: 19-48. Appendix I-IV. This work aims to characterize the arthropods and other biota (lichens, bryophytes, vascular plants and birds) associated with the Azorean endemic tree, Juniperus brevifolia. This is the first of a series of publications that will (i) provide a comprehensive list of all the biota associated with the main Azorean endemic trees and shrubs, (ii) describe in detail the diver- sity, abundance and spatial patterns of canopy arthropods, and (iii) whenever possible, to extend biodiversity assessments to communities of bryophytes, lichens, vascular plants and vertebrates. We use standardized sampled data from BALA project for canopy arthropods and for the remaining taxa we surveyed literature data and the Herbarium of University of Azores. Juniperus brevifolia occurs in a wide range of elevation belts in Azores and accommodates a remarkable large number of taxa: besides canopy arthropods (161 species) it is also an important substrate to other vascular species (six species), bryophytes (105 spe- cies), lichens (106 species) and also birds (four species). In addition, the species richness and particularly the abundance of endemics are dominant, and the number of conservation concern species for bryophytes is noteworthy (30 out of 70). -
Jppr 44(4).Vp
PARASITOIDS OF APHIDOPHAGOUS SYRPHIDAE OCCURRING IN CABBAGE APHID (BREVICORYNE BRASSICAE L.) COLONIES ON CABBAGE VEGETABLES Beata Jankowska Agricultural University, Department of Plant Protection Al. 29 Listopada 54, 31-425 Kraków, Poland e-mail: [email protected] Accepted: November29, 2004 Abstract: In 1993–1995 from the cabbage aphid colonies, fed on nine different va- rieties of Brassica oleracea L. syrphid larvae and pupae were collected. The remaining emerged adults of Syrphidae were classified to eight species. The parasitization var- ied within the years of observation and oscillated from 14,4% to 46,4%. Four para- sitic Hymenoptera: Diplazon laetatorius (F.), Diplazon sp., Pachyneuron grande (Thoms.), and Syrphophagus aeruginosus (Dalm.) were reared. The parasitoids identified belong to the following three families Ichneumonidae, Pteromalidae, and Encyrtidae. The larg- est group of reared parasitoids belonged to the family Ichneumonidae of which the most frequent was Diplazon laetatorius (F.). It occurred in each year of observations. The parasitization by D. laetatorius reached 21,7%. Key words : Syrphidae, syrphid parasitoids, Brevicoryne brassicae INTRODUCTION Syrphidae are one of the most important factors decreasing the number of cab- bage aphid Brevicoryne brassicae L. – a main pest of cabbage vegetables (Wnuk 1971; Wnuk and Fusch 1977; Wnuk and Wojciechowicz 1993). Aphidophagous Syrphidae are attacked by a wide range parasitic Hymenoptera, common being Ichneumonidae, Pteromalidae, Megasplidae, Encyrtidae and Figitidae (Scott 1939; Evenhuis 1966; Dusek et al. 1979; Rotheray 1979; 1981a; b; 1984; Kartasheva and Dereza 1981; Pek 1982; Fitton and Rotheray 1982; Radeva 1983; Dean 1983; Thirion 1987; Fitton and Boston 1988). They reduce the number of syrphids and negatively affect their func- tion in the control of aphid populations. -
Ohara\Catalogues\World Genera\Tach
WORLD GENERA OF THE TACHINIDAE (DIPTERA) AND THEIR REGIONAL OCCURRENCE by James E. O’Hara1 23 February 2005 Version 1.0 ________________________ 1 Invertebrate Biodiversity, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 960 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, K1A 0C6. E-mail: [email protected]. TABLE OF CONTENTS Click on a page number to go to the page indicated Foreword ............................................................................................................................... 2 Biogeographic summary ....................................................................................................... 3 Acknowledgements ............................................................................................................... 3 Table of genera and their regional occurrence ...................................................................... 4 References ........................................................................................................................... 66 Select a letter to go directly to corresponding genus in list of world genera A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z FOREWORD The following table is a listing of the tachinid genera of the world with their regional occurrence. It was compiled from the generic names and distributions given in the most recent regional catalogues, as listed here, and brought up-to-date using information from subsequently published papers. Regional catalogues Nearctic Region O’Hara & Wood (2004) Neotropical -
Checkered Beetles Moths (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) – Hazardous Phytophags of Arboreal and Shrubby Plants of Botanical Gardens and Plantings of Kiev M
UDC 632.634.791.937 (477.75) © 2017 Checkered beetles moths (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) – hazardous phytophags of arboreal and shrubby plants of botanical gardens and plantings of Kiev M. Lisovyi, O. Sylchuk Natsional University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Heroev Oborony str., 13, Kyiv, 03041, Ukraine P. Chumak, V. Kovalchuk, Botanichny Garden of Acad. O. Fomina The purpose. To carry out probes on revealing and specification of species composition of checkered moths (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) in conditions of botanical gardens and plantings of Kiev. Methods. Standard methods of faunistic research in entomology, population ecology, and protection of plants. Results. It is determined that 24 kinds of checkered moths are eating 54 kinds of plants which are widely used for gardening in Kiev. For the first time the following kinds are revealed: Phyllonorycter issikii, Phyllonorycter platani, and Phyllonorycter emberizaepennella. At calculation of Palii-Kovnatski indexes they specified that in city plantings the dominant phytophags are Cameraria ohridella (94,11%), Phyllonorycter populifoliella (86,37%) and Gracillaria syringella (59,14%). They consider that in formation of the secondary areal of invasion kinds of checkered moths the great value has an areal of spread of the host-plant. Environmental analysis is carried out of checkered moths of family Gracillariidae which is spread in cities of the Europe and which are absent in fauna of cities of Ukraine. That has important theoretical and practical value for ecology, entomology and protection of plants against hazardous checkered moths. Conclusions. All the probed kinds of checkered moths by their trophic specialization may be distributed into polyphages (6 kinds), oligophages (14 kinds) and monophages (3 kinds). -
Acari, Parasitidae) and Its Phoretic Carriers in the Iberian Peninsula Marta I
First record of Poecilochirus mrciaki Mašán, 1999 (Acari, Parasitidae) and its phoretic carriers in the Iberian peninsula Marta I. Saloña Bordas, M. Alejandra Perotti To cite this version: Marta I. Saloña Bordas, M. Alejandra Perotti. First record of Poecilochirus mrciaki Mašán, 1999 (Acari, Parasitidae) and its phoretic carriers in the Iberian peninsula. Acarologia, Acarologia, 2019, 59 (2), pp.242-252. 10.24349/acarologia/20194328. hal-02177500 HAL Id: hal-02177500 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02177500 Submitted on 9 Jul 2019 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution| 4.0 International License Acarologia A quarterly journal of acarology, since 1959 Publishing on all aspects of the Acari All information: http://www1.montpellier.inra.fr/CBGP/acarologia/ [email protected] Acarologia is proudly non-profit, with no page charges and free open access Please help us maintain this system by encouraging your institutes to subscribe to the print version of the journal and by sending -
David Penney
ARTÍCULO: NEW EXTANT AND FOSSIL DOMINICAN REPUBLIC SPIDER RECORDS, WITH TWO NEW SYNONYMIES AND COMMENTS ON TAPHONOMIC BIAS OF AMBER PRESERVATION David Penney Abstract: A collection of 23 identifiable extant spider species from the Dominican Republic revealed eight (= 35%) new species records for the country and five (= 22%) for the island of Hispaniola. The collection includes the first record of the family Prodidomidae from Hispaniola. Phantyna guanica (Gertsch, 1946) is identified as a junior synonym of Emblyna altamira (Gertsch & Davis, 1942) (Dictynidae) and Ceraticelus solitarius Bryant, 1948 is identified as a junior synonym of C. paludigenus Crosby & Bishop, 1925 (Linyphiidae). Such a large proportion of new records in such a small sample demonstrates that the extant spider fauna of the Dominican Republic is poorly known ARTÍCULO: and is worthy of further investigation, particularly in light of its potential for quantifying New extant and fossil Dominican bias associated with the amber-preserved fauna. New records of fossil spider species Republic spider records, with two preserved in Miocene amber are provided. The taphonomic bias towards a significantly new synonymies and comments higher number of male compared to female spiders as inclusions in Dominican Republic on taphonomic bias of amber amber is a genuine phenomenon. preservation Key words: Arachnida, Araneae, Dictynidae, Linyphiidae, Miocene, palaeontology, taphonomy, taxonomy, Hispaniola. David Penney Taxonomy: Department of Earth Sciences Emblyna altamira (Gertsch & Davis, -
Allium Leaf Miner Is Spreading Around the UK at a Steady Rate with Clusters of Infestation Around the Midlands and London
Allium leaf miner is spreading around the UK at a steady rate with clusters of infestation around the Midlands and London. The pest is most likely to cause problems in leeks where it can wipe out an entire crop September to December is the time when most damage is caused in leek crops. It will be necessary to cover leeks from late August to late December to protect them if you are growing in a problem area People who currently took no action against this pest will cover their leeks in the future, now they are aware of what it is More needs to be done to raise awareness so that people are able to identify and prevent this pest Allium leaf miner is a serious pest that affects all allium crops. It first arrived in the Midlands in 2002, and since then, has rapidly spread around the country. Garden Organic last did a survey of allium leaf miner with the Organic Growers’ Alliance in 2011. The survey showed that there were many siting’s around the Midlands but it had spread to other areas of the UK as well. We suspected that it has spread much further now, so have repeated the survey to find out which areas it is now affecting. Appearance You are most likely to notice the larvae of the allium leaf miner as a small creamy maggot burrowing into the plants. You may also notice the pupae which are shiny brown and about the size of a grain of rice. Be careful not to confuse with the leek moth caterpillar which has a brown head and distinct legs.