South Gloucestershire Strategic Flood Risk Assessment

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

South Gloucestershire Strategic Flood Risk Assessment South Gloucestershire Council Strategic Flood Risk Assessment - Level 2 FINAL REPORT December 2011 South Gloucestershire Council Council Offices Badminton Road YATE Gloucestershire BS37 5AF JBA Office Aberdeen House South Road HAYWARDS HEATH West Sussex RH16 4NG JBA Project Manager Alastair Dale BSc PGDip MIAHR Revision History Revision Ref / Amendments Issued to Date Issued Pam Walton (South Gloucestershire V1.0 - First Draft N/A Council) (July '11) Nigel Smith (EA) Pam Walton (South Gloucestershire V1.1 - Updated Updated with initial comments from client Council) Draft and EA Nigel Smith (EA) at meeting dated the 30 August 2011 ( Hard Copy) Updated following meeting on the 30 August 2011, Comments from EA 05/08/2011 and 26/08/2011 V 2.0 Updated Not Issued Comments from SGC 26/08/2011, 02/09/2011 and 07/09/2011 Updated following emails dated Pam Walton (South Gloucestershire 7 September (EA) Council) V3.0 - FINAL 14 September 2011 (SGC) Nigel Smith (EA) DRAFT 23 September (EA) Nigel Hale (South Gloucestershire 28 September (SGC) Council 03 October (SGC) Updated following emails from SGC on the: Pam Walton (South Gloucestershire 27 October, 28 October, 31 October, 4 Council) November, 8 November and the 9 V4.0 FINAL Nigel Smith (EA) November. Nigel Hale (South Gloucestershire And from the EA on the Council 25 October, 4 November Pam Walton (South Gloucestershire Council) Update following emails dated: v5.0 FINAL Nigel Smith (EA) 2/12/2011 (SGC) Nigel Hale (South Gloucestershire Council Pam Walton (South Gloucestershire Council) Update following dated V6.0 FINAL Nigel Smith (EA) 6/12/2011 (SGC) Nigel Hale (South Gloucestershire Council Pam Walton (South Gloucestershire Council) Update following email dated V7.0 Final Nigel Smith (EA) 6 /12/2011 (SGC) Nigel Hale (South Gloucestershire Council 2011s4997 SGC FINAL SFRA Level 2 v7.0.doc i 2011s4997 SGC FINAL SFRA Level 2 v7.0.doc ii Contract This Level 2 Strategic Flood Risk Assessment (SFRA) is commissioned by South Gloucestershire Council. This document has been prepared by JBA Consulting in response to the Level 2 SFRA commission awarded by South Gloucestershire Council, in March 2011. Prepared by .................................................. Jack Southon BSc MSc FRGS Analyst ....................................................................... Margaret Moran LLM BSc Dip Analyst Reviewed by ................................................. Alastair Dale BSc PGDip MIAHR Technical Director Purpose This document has been prepared as a report for South Gloucestershire Council. JBA Consulting accepts no responsibility or liability for any use that is made of this document other than by South Gloucestershire Council for the purposes for which it was originally commissioned and prepared. 2011s4997 SGC FINAL SFRA Level 2 v7.0.doc iii Copyright © Jeremy Benn Associates Limited 2011 Carbon Footprint 367g A printed copy of the main text in this document will result in a carbon footprint of 289g if 100% post-consumer recycled paper is used and 367g if primary-source paper is used. These figures assume the report is printed in black and white on A4 paper and in duplex. JBA is aiming towards becoming a carbon neutral company and the carbon emissions from our activities are offset. 2011s4997 SGC FINAL SFRA Level 2 v7.0.doc iv This page is intentionally blank. 2011s4997 SGC FINAL SFRA Level 2 v7.0.doc v Contents Abbreviations and Glossary of Terms ............................................................................ x 1. Introduction ........................................................................................................... 1 1.1 About this Report .................................................................................................... 1 1.2 SFRA Objectives .................................................................................................... 2 1.3 How to Find What You Need in the SFRA ............................................................. 3 1.4 Scope of Assessment ............................................................................................. 4 1.5 Approach ................................................................................................................ 7 1.6 Consultation ............................................................................................................ 8 2. Understanding Flood Risk in South Gloucestershire ...................................... 9 2.1 Historic Flooding ..................................................................................................... 9 2.2 Topography, Geology, Soils and Hydrology .......................................................... 9 2.3 Bristol Avon Catchment .......................................................................................... 10 2.4 Severn Tidal Catchment ......................................................................................... 17 2.5 How Flood Risk is Assessed .................................................................................. 19 2.6 Understanding Flooding in South Gloucestershire ................................................ 23 2.7 Possible Responses to Flooding ............................................................................ 25 2.8 Policy Considerations ............................................................................................. 26 3. Mapping and Risk Based Approach ................................................................... 31 3.1 Summary of Mapping for All Sources of Flood Risk .............................................. 31 3.2 Other Relevant Flood Risk Information .................................................................. 32 3.3 Sequential Approach .............................................................................................. 33 3.4 Sequential Test ....................................................................................................... 33 3.5 Exception Test ........................................................................................................ 36 4. Overview of Future Development ....................................................................... 37 4.1 Extent and type of development ............................................................................. 37 4.2 Review of Future Development .............................................................................. 38 4.3 Summary of Existing Surface Water Regime ......................................................... 40 5. Strategic Assessment of Future Development ................................................. 43 5.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................. 43 5.2 Development over the next 5 Years ....................................................................... 43 5.3 Longer Term Development up to 2026 .................................................................. 46 5.4 Approach to Analysis of Catchment Response to Development ........................... 47 6. Catchment Response to Development .............................................................. 51 6.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................. 51 6.2 Key Locations ......................................................................................................... 51 6.3 Summary of Existing Situation ............................................................................... 51 6.4 Establishing a Baseline .......................................................................................... 52 6.5 Guidance on SuDS Techniques ............................................................................. 55 7. Strategic Options.................................................................................................. 57 7.1 Possible Strategic Options ..................................................................................... 57 7.2 Review and Assessment of Options ...................................................................... 57 7.3 Indicative Costs and Scale ..................................................................................... 68 7.4 Conclusions ............................................................................................................ 68 2011s4997 SGC FINAL SFRA Level 2 v7.0.doc vi 8. Summary Assessment of Core Strategy Development Sites .......................... 69 8.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................. 69 8.2 Summary Tables and Maps ................................................................................... 69 9. FRA Requirements ............................................................................................... 71 9.1 Over-Arching Principles .......................................................................................... 71 9.2 Requirements for Flood Risk Assessments ........................................................... 71 10. Outcomes .............................................................................................................. 73 10.1 Summary of Work Undertaken ............................................................................... 73 10.2 Outcomes ............................................................................................................... 73 Appendices .......................................................................................................................
Recommended publications
  • Local Resident Submissions to the Bristol City Council Electoral Review
    Local resident submissions to the Bristol City Council electoral review This PDF document contains local resident submissions with surnames B. Some versions of Adobe allow the viewer to move quickly between bookmarks. 13 February 2015 I have lived in Westbury on Trym village since 1991 first with my parents and then more recently with my own family. I have always valued the community which flows out from the historical village centre, under the new boundaries my home would no longer be part of this community and I would consider this a great personal loss. Surely the history and heritage of Westbury Village should carry some weight and significance when considering new ward boundaries. I fail to understand how it can be seen as acceptable to have the heart of Westbury on Trym Village boundaries moved to fall under the ward of Henleaze, which does not have the historic significance and village community. Also why it is acceptable for the downsized remaning part of Westbury Village to have only one councillor but this is not ok for any other ward. I therefore support the proposal to have a partnership ward with Henleaze and to share 3 councillors between us. I understand this is the only way to maintain the historical identity and preserve the integrity of the whole village. If other proposed changes were to go ahead I have concern for the value of my property as it would be separated from the historic village centre and fear that at some future date could be absorbed onto other wards. I would also like to include the following good reasons
    [Show full text]
  • Avon Bird Report 2008
    AVON BIRD REPORT 2008 AVON ORNITHOLOGICAL GROUP Front cover: Great Crested Grebe. Photograph by Richard Andrews. Rear cover: Map of the Avon area computer generated by S. Godden, Dept. of Geography, University of Bristol. Text drawings by R.M. Andrews, J.P. Martin, R.J. Prytherch, B.E. Slade, the late L.A. Tucker and Anon. Typeset in WORD 2007 and printed by Healeys, Ipswich ISSN Number – 0956-5744 2 Avon Bird Report 2008 CONTENTS BTO advert Front cover Avon Ornithological Group (AOG) Front cover Editorial H.E. Rose 3 A guide to the records required by the Avon Bird Report 4 Species and subspecies for which descriptions are required 5 A review of 2008 R.J. Higgins 7 Weather in 2008 R.L. Bland 11 Migrant date summary 14 Introduction to systematic list 15 Contributors of records 18 Systematic list Swans and geese R. Mielcarek 19 Ducks M.S. Ponsford 23 Game birds R. Mielcarek 36 Divers to Spoonbill R.J. Higgins 38 Raptors B. Lancastle 45 Water Rail to Crane R. Mielcarek 53 Waders H.E. Rose 56 Skuas to Auks R.M. Andrews 71 Doves to Woodpeckers R. Mielcarek 83 Passerines, Larks to Dipper J. P. Martin 91 Passerines, Wren to Buntings R.L. Bland 97 Escaped, released and hybrid birds R Mielcarek 126 Birds of the Downs, 1994 - 2008 R.L. Bland 127 Metal pollution in Bristol: An assessment using bird of prey S. M. Murgatroyd 137 feathers Bitterns breeding at Chew Valley Lake 1997 - 2001 K. E. Vinicombe 143 Black-necked Grebes breeding at Chew Valley Lake in 1998 K.
    [Show full text]
  • Level 1: Citywide Strategic Flood Risk Assessment
    Level 1 – Citywide Strategic Flood Risk Assessment Contents Purpose of the document .................................................................................................................... 1 1.0 Background and strategic planning ........................................................................................ 1 1.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................. 1 1.2 Context .................................................................................................................................... 2 1.3 Planning Policy ....................................................................................................................... 7 1.4 Applying the Sequential Test ............................................................................................... 8 1.5 Flood Risk Management Plan .............................................................................................. 8 1.6 Flood risk and water management policy and guidance ................................................. 9 2.0 Flood risk in Bristol .................................................................................................................... 9 2.1 Sources of flooding ................................................................................................................ 9 2.2 River systems and watercourses in Bristol ...................................................................... 10 2.3 Geology ................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Cycling South Gloucestershire 10 Short Leisure Routes Between 3 and 12 Miles 10 Leisure Rides
    Cycling South Gloucestershire 10 short leisure routes between 3 and 12 miles 10 Leisure Rides 2 8 4 7 10 5 1 3 6 9 © Crown copyright and route (route shown in relevant colour) database rights 2011 Ordnance Survey Key 100023410 K Cafe Toilets Pub xyA Station Refer to this key for all route maps 2 Introduction These routes are aimed at all levels of cyclists and their families. Cycling offers a great opportunity to discover new places and views in South Gloucestershire.We hope that you enjoy cycling these routes and that it encourages you to get your bike out more often. The routes vary in length and difficulty. A grading system has been used to determine the ability level required to cycle these routes. However this is only a guide. Ability Levels 1 For all users including inexperienced or beginner cyclists. Any hills will be very gentle and any on road cycling will be on quiet roads. 2 For slightly more experienced cyclists or those who may feel a bit more confident. There may be the occasional steep hill (don’t be afraid to get off and push!) and occasional short stretches on busier roads. 3 For the reasonably competent cyclists. The rides will be longer, with some steep hills and with cycling on or alongside busy roads for longer stretches. The distances given do not take into account any return journey unless the route is circular. The times given to cycle a route may vary depending on fitness level and the number of breaks and stops. Advice These routes incorporate off road sections that are shared with pedestrians.
    [Show full text]
  • Area 15 Patchway, Filton and the Stokes
    Area 15 South Gloucestershire Landscape Character Assessment Draft Proposed for Adoption 12 November 2014 Patchway, FiltonPatchway, and the Stokes Area 15 Patchway, Filton and the Stokes Contents Sketch map 208 Key characteristics 209 Location 210 Physical influences 210 Land cover 210 Settlement and infrastructure 212 Landscape character 214 The changing landscape 217 Landscape strategy 220 Photographs Landscape character area boundary www.southglos.gov.uk 207 Area 15 South Gloucestershire Landscape Character Assessment Draft Proposed for Adoption 12 November 2014 Patchway, FiltonPatchway, and the Stokes •1 â2 è18 •3 •19 •15 •21•16 å13 á14 •17 •7 å8 æ9 â13 å14 ç15 •10 •11 ã12 Figure 46 Patchway, Filton Key å15 Photograph viewpoints and the Stokes \\\ Core strategy proposed new neighbourhood Sketch Map Scale: not to scale 208 www.southglos.gov.uk Area 15 South Gloucestershire Landscape Character Assessment Draft Proposed for Adoption 12 November 2014 Patchway, FiltonPatchway, and the Stokes Area 15 Patchway, Filton and the Stokes The Patchway, Filton and the Stokes character area is an urban built up area, consisting of a mix of residential, N commercial and retail development and major transport corridors, with open space scattered throughout. Key Characteristics ¡ This area includes the settlements of ¡ Open space is diverse, currently including Patchway and Filton plus Bradley Stoke, areas of Filton Airfield much of which is Stoke Gifford, Harry Stoke and Stoke Park. proposed for development, as well as within the railway junction, the courses ¡ Largely built up area, bounded by of Patchway Brook and Stoke Brook, motorways to the north west and north part of historic Stoke Park and remnant east, with railway lines and roads dividing agricultural land.
    [Show full text]
  • River Avon (Bristol) – Sommerfords Fishing Association
    River Avon (Bristol) – Sommerfords Fishing Association An advisory visit carried out by the Wild Trout Trust – March 2012 1 1. Introduction This report is the output of a Wild Trout Trust advisory visit undertaken on a stretch of the River Avon on waters controlled by the Sommerfords Fishing Association. The club has approximately 11Km of fishing but the advisory visit was restricted to the top beat, above Kingsmead Mill NGR ST 956844. The request for the visit was made by Mr. Ian Mock, who serves on the club committee and is the club’s Treasurer. The Sommerfords FA manages the Avon as a mixed fishery, where the emphasis is mainly on coarse fishing. The club undertakes some trout stocking on the 1km reach downstream of Kingsmead Mill, with an annual introduction of approximately 300 triploid brown trout. The top beat is not stocked and the members target both wild trout and coarse fish from this section. There is concern that results from the top beat have been in decline in recent years and the club is keen to explore opportunities to improve habitat for flow-loving, gravel spawning fish species. Comments in this report are based on observations on the day of the site visit and discussions with Mr. Mock. Throughout the report, normal convention is followed with respect to bank identification i.e. banks are designated Left Bank (LB) or Right Bank (RB) whilst looking downstream. Sommerfords FA beat above Kingsmead Mill 2 2. Catchment overview The upper Bristol Avon rises east of the town of Chipping Sodbury in South Gloucestershire, just north of the village of Acton Turnville.
    [Show full text]
  • Rivers Called Avon Avon Is a Proper Name in English but an Ordinary Word Afon ‘River’ in Welsh
    Rivers called Avon Avon is a proper name in English but an ordinary word afon ‘river’ in Welsh. Therefore many people argue that speakers of Germanic languages (English, Scots, Norse, etc) heard a word like afon used by speakers of Celtic languages (Welsh, Gaelic, Cornish, etc) and then turned it into a proper name. This tends to get given a nationalist slant – who are the true inheritors of Iron-Age Britain? Rather silly, not just because semantic flow might have gone the other way, turning a proper name into a general word, but because it diverts attention from the really interesting part. Avon may offer a peek into the distant past, long before the Romans, perhaps even before the Bronze Age. We need to ask how and when the word avon was created. That means investigating where all rivers with names like Avon do (or did) occur and what distinctive features those rivers have in common. But first a bit of linguistics. The Indo-European root *ap- ‘water’ has descendants almost everywhere one looks. Best known are the Celtic words for ‘river’: Welsh afon, Irish ab (hence various forms such as abhann and habhana related to Scottish Gaelic abhainn and abhuinn), and Cornish or Breton forms such as aven and avon. Other words for river include Sanskrit avani, Old Prussian ape, Hittite hapa, and the ending –appe on Dutch place names. Further afield lie Persian Punjab ‘five waters’, Hindi Doab ‘two waters’, the Abana river of ancient Damascus, Sumerian abzu ‘deep water’, and ancient Greek Epirus possibly from PIE *apero- ‘shore, bank’.
    [Show full text]
  • Local Plan Was Adopted on December 16Th 1997
    B RISTOL L OCAL P LAN The city council wishes to thank all the people of Bristol who were involved in planning the future of our city by making comments on the formulation of this Plan. After five years of debate involving consultation, a public local inquiry and modifications, the Bristol Local Plan was adopted on December 16th 1997. The Plan consists of this written statement and a separate Proposals Map. For further information, please contact Strategic and Citywide Policy Team Directorate of Planning, Transport and Development Services Brunel House St George’s Road Bristol BS1 5UY Telephone: 903 6723 / 903 6724 / 903 6725 / 903 6727 Produced by: Planning content The Directorate of Planning, Transport and Development Services Technical Production Technical Services and Word Processing Bureau of the Planning Directorate Graphic & 3-D Design Unit of the Policy Co-ordinator and Chief Executive’s Office Printed by Bristol City Council Contract Services – Printing and Stationery Department, Willway Street, Bedminster GRA1865 20452 P&S Printed on recycled paper ADOPTED BRISTOL LOCAL PLAN DECEMBER 1997 P REFACE The Bristol Local Plan was formally adopted in December 1997 after a long and lively debate involving many thousands of local people and numerous organisations with a stake in the city’s future. Bristol now has up to date statutory planning policies covering the whole city. This Plan will guide development up to 2001 and form the basis for a review taking Bristol into the 21st Century. The Plan sets out to protect open space, industrial land, housing, shopping and local services and to promote the quality of life for all the citizens of Bristol.
    [Show full text]
  • Water Power & Severn Barrage Review
    SUPPLEMENT TO THE HISTELEC NEWS AUGUST 2007 "WATER POWER & SEVERN BARRAGE REVIEW" Two of our members, Mike Hield and Glyn England have produced articles pertaining to the Severn Barrage as prelude to the talk by David Kerr of Sir Robert MacAlpine on 10th October. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- WATER POWER by Mike Hield Introduction Normally a report on a talk is done after the event, but in the case of the talk on "The Severn Barrage" I thought a preliminary briefing would be of interest. My own interest arises from a career in SWEB as an electrical distribution engineer and my leisure activity as a dinghy sailor and yachtsman. History Man used water power as long ago as 200 BC for grain milling and water pumping, around 1100 AD for "Fulling" woollen cloth and later for processing metals. From about 1700 mathematicians and engineers started to analyse the workings of the water wheel and came to realise that the weight of water in the wheel was more significant than the impact from the flow. Isaac Newton (1642-1727) established his Second Law of Motion - i.e. Force is equal to rate of change of Momentum. Leonhard Euler (1707-1783) a Swiss mathematician developed his equation of motion for non-viscous flow. Daniel Bernoulli (1700-1782) defined three forms of energy in a fluid ie. height, velocity and pressure; these being interchangeable and the total constant. These ideas formed the basis for analysing the performance of turbines, fans and pumps. Tidal Mills were very rare as they needed to be away from damaging waves and also the relative small size of the mills made them impracticable for large tidal ranges.
    [Show full text]
  • Appendix L1 - Ecological Monitoring Methodologies
    Appendix L1 - Ecological Monitoring Methodologies Macro-invertebrate flow assessment - LIFE A flow diagram showing the steps taken to assess the suitability of the macro-invertebrate community to the flow conditions in the river is shown in Figure L1.1 and described below. Assessment of flow conditions using macro-invertebrates is based on the Lotic-invertebrate Index for Flow Evaluation (LIFE) (Ref. L1). Macro-invertebrates are collected using a standard 3-minute kick sample and sorted following ‘Procedures for Collecting and Analysing Macro-invertebrate Samples’ (BT 001) published by the Environment Agency (Ref. L2). The invertebrate processing was subject to an analytical quality control scheme as detailed in ‘Procedure for quality assurance for RIVPACS compatible macro-invertebrate samples analysed to the taxonomic level needed for the BMWP-score’. BT 003 (Ref. L3). Each scoring taxa or species is allocated a LIFE score that is dependent on its flow/current velocity requirements and the number of individuals present. In most samples from the Malmesbury Avon there are 20 to 30 taxa present in a sample. The score for each taxa is added together and the total is divided by the number of scoring taxa/species to give the LIFE score for the sample. The theoretical range for LIFE scores is 1-12 although scores typically range between 8 for high gradient headwaters and 6 for slower flowing impounded stretches of water. Ten sites were selected by the Environment Agency on the Sherston and Tetbury arms and main Avon below Malmesbury and have been sampled in 2001, 2002 and 2004. Samples were taken in spring, summer and autumn wherever resources permitted.
    [Show full text]
  • Contaminated Land Is Affecting Controlled Waters and Their Quality, and Where the Environment Agency Will Also Have Other Concerns Under Other Legislation
    APPENDIX 1 Geology and Mineral Resources South Gloucestershire extends from the Severn Estuary in the East to the Cotswolds to the west. Geologically the area is very varied, having representations of nearly every Geological System exposed at the surface, the exceptions being the Ordovician and Cretaceous. Generally the older Palaeozoic rocks are exposed in the centre of South Gloucestershire, with younger Mesozoic rocks to the east and north- east. More recent estuarine alluvial deposits cover the Lowlands adjacent to the Severn Estuary in the west. In landscape terms much of South Gloucestershire is anomalous in that the outcrops of older and harder Palaeozoic rocks do not form uplands but are characterised by low undulating terrain. This is because much of the area formed part of an ancient erosion surface which was reduced to a low relief before the deposition of the Mesozoic strata. It is therefore the younger rocks, most notably limestones of Jurassic age, which form the highest land of South Gloucestershire, that being the Cotswold escarpment to the east. - 88 - Figure 3 - Simplified Geology of South Gloucestershire showing sites of mineral extraction - 89 - The alluvial flatlands adjacent to the Severn Estuary are extensive and form a distinctly contrasting landscape to that of the central and eastern parts of South Gloucestershire. Flat pastures predominate, bounded by drainage ditches, known locally as ‘rhines’. Rarely does the land in this area rise above 6 metres AOD. Nearly all the rivers west of the Cotswold scarp flow into the Severn Estuary, whereas those which follow the dip slope to the east, other than the Bristol Avon which detours to the west, join the River Thames.
    [Show full text]
  • Flooding Survey June 1990 River Tame Catchment
    Flooding Survey June 1990 River Tame Catchment NRA National Rivers Authority Severn-Trent Region A RIVER CATCHMENT AREAS En v ir o n m e n t Ag e n c y NATIONAL LIBRARY & INFORMATION SERVICE HEAD OFFICE Rio House, Waterside Drive, Aztec West, Almondsbury. Bristol BS32 4UD W EISH NRA Cardiff Bristol Severn-Trent Region Boundary Catchment Boundaries Adjacent NRA Regions 1. Upper Severn 2. Lower Severn 3. Avon 4. Soar 5. Lower Trent 6. Derwent 7. Upper Trent 8. Tame - National Rivers Authority Severn-Trent Region* FLOODING SURVEY JUNE 1990 SECTION 136(1) WATER ACT 1989 (Supersedes Section 2 4 (5 ) W a te r A c t 1973 Land Drainage Survey dated January 1986) RIVER TAME CATCHMENT AND WEST MIDLANDS Environment Agency FLOOD DEFENCE DEPARTMENT Information Centre NATONAL RIVERS AUTHORrTY SEVERN-TRENT REGION Head Office SAPPHIRE EAST Class N o 550 STREETSBROOK ROAD SOLIHULL cession No W MIDLANDS B91 1QT ENVIRONMENT AGENCY 0 9 9 8 0 6 CONTENTS Contents List of Tables List of Associated Reports List of Appendices References G1ossary of Terms Preface CHAPTER 1 SUMMARY 1.1 Introducti on 1.2 Coding System 1.3 Priority Categories 1.4 Summary of Problem Evaluations 1.5 Summary by Priority Category 1.6 Identification of Problems and their Evaluation CHAPTER 2 THE SURVEY Z.l Introduction 2.2 Purposes of Survey 2.3 Extent of Survey 2.4 Procedure 2.5 Hydrological Criteria 2.6 Hydraulic Criteria 2.7 Land Potential Category 2.8 Improvement Costs 2.9 Benefit Assessment 2.10 Test Discount Rate 2.11 Benefit/Cost Ratios 2.12 Priority Category 2.13 Inflation Factors
    [Show full text]