In the name of Allah, the most Beneficent, the most Merciful Pakistan Earthquake 8th October 2005 Turning Adversity Into An Opportunity Build Back Better Azad NWFP Kashmir Pakistan Earthquake - Oct 2005 A Snapshot of Scale and Magnitude • 7.6 on the Richter Scale • Hundreds of massive slides, • 30,000 sq Km Millions of tons of rubble • 73,338 Dead &128,304 • Miscellaneous: Damages to Severely Injured Environment, Telecom, Power, Livelihood and -- Vulnerable • 3.5 million Rendered Population Homeless, 600,000 Houses Destroyed Colossal Economic Loss • 5,344 Education • Facilities Destroyed Leaving Behind a Reconstruction Bill of • 307 Health Facilities Destroyed over US$ 5 billion • 949 Government Sector Buildings Damaged • 2,393 Kms Roads Damaged What it Takes to Rebuild • Establishment of Institutional Set-up • Detailed Damage Assessment • Preparation of 12 Sectoral Strategies through consensus building • Seismic survey, micro-zonation and fault line mapping • Development of operational and financial procedures supported by efficient MIS and database systems Continued…. What it Takes to Rebuild • Revision of Building Codes, developing construction guidelines • Designing seismically resistant building for housing, health, education and government facilities • Survey & Enrolment of vulnerable groups • Detailed urban planning Continued…. What it Takes to Rebuild • Logistics for provision of construction material • Preparation and approval of annual work plans, Reconstruction packages • Short listing of contractors, tendering, contracting and supervision • Putting up an effective M&E framework Where do we stand today • Over 99% people have a housing solution • $1.6 Billion have been disbursed as compensation for death, injured, housing subsidy and livelihood cash grant • All schools, hospitals, banks and offices are functional • Roads & services are operational and markets are back in business • Dynamic social protection program under implementation Continued…. Where do we stand today • Telecom services have experienced unprecedented boom • All strategies under implementation • Construction has gained momentum despite logistic and capacity constraints • Service delivery has improved considerably • Cultural diffusion helping in opening up closed societies • Donors review missions “highly satisfied” RESPONSE - AREAS OF FOCUS IMMEDIATE • Rescue and relief operations • Maintenance / restoration of infrastructure SHORT TERM • Sustaining population and displaced persons • Revival - civil administration & essential services MID TERM • Early Recovery LONG TERM • Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Earthquake Reconstruction & Rehabilitation Authority • To meet the challenge of Reconstruction & Rehabilitation the Government of Pakistan Established the: The Earthquake Reconstruction & Rehabilitation Authority in Apr 2006. • Hybrid Organization - Civil Services -Army -Private Sector - International consultants • Administratively part of the Prime Minister’s Secretariat. • Functionally autonomous-works under a Board of Directors comprising members from the private and public sectors Primary Responsibility • Policy Planning • Development of Strategy • Design and bidding documents for each of the 12,000 individual projects • Financing • Monitoring and Evaluation Implementation • Responsibility of the Provincial Govts • Parallel Structures have been created to handle the massive work load • Existing Departmental capacity has been enhanced Converting Adversity into Opportunity • Rationalized reconstruction in accordance with needs • Hazard sensitive reconstruction • Better planned urban centers • Water quality with increased accessibility • Strategic integration (Health, Social Protection, District Govt Complex) • Improved svc delivery and mgmt sys; standard setting Cont… Converting Adversity into Opportunity • Equitable development; based on Dist dev profiles • Community mobilization for sustainable development • Capacity building and human resource development • Vulnerable group needs being addressed • Mainstreaming MDGs into reconstruction (Gender empowerment, Environmental management, Poverty reduction, DRR) Responsibility Sharing Donors Sponsors GoP ERRA EQAA Time Lines Year-1 Year-2 Year-3 Year-4 Year-5 25% 37.5% 37.5% Completion Completion • All contracts to be finalized by April 2009 • Construction would be completed by April 2011 except mega projects of Urban Development Sectors • Hardware •Housing Risk reduction •Education •Health • Water And Sanitation • Government Sector Buildings •Power Gender equality • Telecommunication • Transportation • Software • Livelihood • Social Protection Environmental safeguards • Environment •Tourism Transparency International Validation Impact Evaluation 9 Auditor General 9 Internal Donor Review Missions 9 PROJECTS Housing Housing Strategy - Highlights • Owner driven, in-situ, supervised construction through Mobile Training Teams • Fixed subsidy of US$ 3,000 for completely damaged and US$ 1250 for partially damaged • Beneficiary lists prepared through surveys by AI teams • Amount paid in tranches/installments through bank accounts, subject to compliance • Subsidy based on covered area of 400 Sq Ft • Compensation based on house and not house-hold Rural Housing - Update Status Present Houses destroyed/damaged 563,991 Construction Completed 421,595 Under Construction (Likely to be completed by 106,996 end of this year) Overall Status Construction Completed : 421,595 74.75% Amount Disbursed : US$ 1 Billion 69.34% Rural Housing (Training) Training-Discipline Trained Social Mobilization 493,684 Technical Training 254,534 Total Trained 748,218 Urban Housing • Disbursements for house compensation ¾ 25,124 Beneficiaries ¾ US$ 50 Million i.e 100% disbursed • Transitional Housing : 6000 units handed over Impacts - Housing • A paradigm shift in development; from donor driven to owner driven • Documentation of economy and better record-keeping (NIC, Property, Banking) • Safer and seismically resistant construction culture; a de-facto rural building code Impacts - Housing • Increased capacity building through training programs • Improved standard of living - from mud houses to proper houses • Increased community participation through Village Reconstruction Committees • Increased job opportunities Rural Housing Rural Housing Rural Housing Rural Housing Rural Housing Rural Housing Rural Housing Rural Housing for Vulnerable Mid Term Housing at Balakot Mid Term Housing at Balakot Mid Term Housing at Balakot Urban Development Urban Development Strategy • Master plans for Muzaffarabad, Rawlakot and Bagh developed • Balakot Town traversed by two major fault lines- New Balakot town being developed at a distance of 18 KMs • All Reconstruction & Rehabilitation Projects developed in context of Master plans ($ 1 Billion) Urban Development Urban Development Livelihood Livelihood • Cash Grant. US$ 85 million disbursed to 268,000 vulnerable families @ Rs 3000 PM for six months/one year • INGOs and the implementing partners have provided Food/cash for work and training Farming tools, wheat, maize & fruit seeds, fertilizers, Livestock, and livestock shelters Vocational training to both men and women • Community Livelihood Rehabilitation Plan under implementation ($ 22 Million) Impacts - Livelihood • No food security issue in the entire earthquake affected area • All agricultural land under cultivation • Increased farm output due to provision of better seeds and fertilizers • Communities willing to change from conventional wheat and maize to value added agricultural products • Livelihood skills training has helped enhancing family incomes • Women participation in economic activity increased Skill Development Center Kuza Banda Livelihood Skill Development Livelihood Education Education • Total Institutions to be Reconstructed 5344 • Planned for FY 2006-7 & 2007-08 4052 • Balance planned for 2008-09 • Under Construction 1289 • Alternate fast const technologies introduced • School safety awareness programs being conducted • Parent Teacher Associations – School Management Committees activated • 500 Transitional School Shelters provided Hazara University Mansehra AJK University MZD GGPGC Rawalakot GHS, GGHS and RHC Chakothi GPS Budhiara GPS Nagni GMS Sarban GHS Chattar Plain Govt Girls School Saran Gari Habibullah Laboratory GGHS RARA, MZD AJK University MZD AJK University MZD GGHS Chakothi Computers Lab Health Update - Health • Total to be Reconstructed 307 • Planned to date 307 Stage Completed 38 Under Construction 94 Planning Stage 175 Total 307 Prefab Facilities 137 Impacts - Health • Better service delivery due to improved and additional facilities along with requisite staff • Reduced incidence of acute respiratory infection • Lesser cases of water borne diseases • No spread of communicable diseases • Enhanced coverage of Expanded Programme for Immunization • Out break of epidemic averted due to efficient Disease Early Warning System • Increased confidence in Govt health system DHQ Hospital Battagram (Prefab) DHQ Hospital Battagram THQ Hospital Garhi Habibullah RHC Chakothi BHU Kathai BHU Attar Sheesha Rehab Centre MZD Rehab Centre MZD AIMS - Neuro Surgery OT AIMS - Dialysis Centre Ward WATSAN WATSAN • Total W/S Schemes Affected 4080 • Planned for FY 2006-08 2550 • Under Construction 1158 • Completed 1466 • 1200 W/S schemes restored, 66,000 Latrines constructed under- Earthquake Reconstruction Programme • 8 Water Quality Laboratories being constructed, 2 completed • Rain Water Harvesting being promoted as supplementary solution