Technical Analysis of Vehicle Load Reduction Potential for Advanced Clean Cars (Contract 13-313)

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Technical Analysis of Vehicle Load Reduction Potential for Advanced Clean Cars (Contract 13-313) Technical Analysis of Vehicle Load Reduction Potential For Advanced Clean Cars (Contract 13-313) Final Report (Version 1.0) by Greg Pannone CONTROLTEC, LLC prepared for California Air Resources Board and the California Environmental Protection Agency April 29, 2015 DISCLAIMER The statements and conclusions in this report are those of CONTROLTEC, LLC and not necessarily those of the California Air Resources Board. The mention of commercial products, their source, or their use in connection with material reported herein is not to be construed as actual or implied endorsement of such products. i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This research benefitted immensely from the experience and talent of Heidi Schroeder. Heidi’s attention to detail and her analytical skills were key to the successful analysis of nearly 1400 vehicle models as required to support the research objectives. CONTROLTEC also appreciated the constructive input and feedback from the Air Resources Board project team. This Report was submitted in fulfillment of Contract 13-313 by CONTROLTEC, LLC under the sponsorship of the California Air Resources Board. Work was completed as of April 29, 2015. ii TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT .............................................................................................................................................. viii EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................................................. x Background .......................................................................................................................................... x Methodology ........................................................................................................................................ x Results ................................................................................................................................................. xi Conclusions ......................................................................................................................................... xi 1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................... 1 2. METHODOLOGY .................................................................................................................................. 1 3. LITERATURE REVIEW ........................................................................................................................... 2 A. Mass ................................................................................................................................................ 7 B. Aerodynamic Drag ........................................................................................................................... 8 C. Tire Rolling Resistance ................................................................................................................... 10 D. Brake and Hub Drag ...................................................................................................................... 10 E. Model Year 2015 and Beyond ....................................................................................................... 10 F. Conclusions .................................................................................................................................... 12 4. IDENTIFY DATA SOURCES AND COLLECT DATA ................................................................................. 12 A. Data Sources ................................................................................................................................. 12 B. Selection of Vehicle Models .......................................................................................................... 13 C. Data Fields and Data Set Configuration ........................................................................................ 13 D. Data Collection .............................................................................................................................. 16 E. Data Quality Assurance ................................................................................................................. 17 F. Vehicle Data Set ............................................................................................................................. 18 5. CROSS REFERENCE VEHICLE CONFIGURATION DATA WITH NON-MASS LOAD REDUCTION TECHNOLOGIES ..................................................................................................................................... 19 A. Background ................................................................................................................................... 19 B. Aerodynamic Drag ......................................................................................................................... 21 C. Method of Estimating the Coefficient of Drag .............................................................................. 22 D. Aerodynamic Drag Results ............................................................................................................ 26 E. Best-in-Class Aerodynamic Drag .................................................................................................... 28 F. Tire Rolling Resistance ................................................................................................................... 36 G. Method of Estimating Tire Rolling Resistance .............................................................................. 37 H. Tire Rolling Resistance Results ...................................................................................................... 38 I. Best-in-Class Tire Rolling Resistance .............................................................................................. 43 6. DETAILED MASS REDUCTION ANALYSIS METHODOLOGY ................................................................. 45 A. Background ................................................................................................................................... 45 B. Curb Weight Reporting ................................................................................................................. 48 C. Vehicle Mass Reduction and Mass Efficiency ................................................................................ 49 D. Mass Model .................................................................................................................................. 49 iii E. Mass Model Elements ................................................................................................................... 51 F. Mass Model Results ....................................................................................................................... 52 G. Mass Efficiency ............................................................................................................................. 52 H. Best-in-Class Mass Efficiency ........................................................................................................ 54 7. PROJECTION METHODOLOGY ........................................................................................................... 61 A. Analysis Software .......................................................................................................................... 61 B. Load Scenario Overview ................................................................................................................ 61 C. Baseline Load Scenario .................................................................................................................. 62 D. Non-Mass Load Reduction Scenario ............................................................................................. 63 E. Mass-Reduced plus Non-Mass Load Reduction Scenario .............................................................. 63 F. Power Source Resizing ................................................................................................................... 63 G. On-board Energy Storage Resizing ................................................................................................ 64 H. Fleet Scenario ............................................................................................................................... 64 8. RESULTS ............................................................................................................................................. 65 A. Load Attributes ............................................................................................................................. 65 B. Vehicle Energy Intensity ................................................................................................................ 68 C. Energy Conversion Efficiency, Fuel Consumption, and Carbon Dioxide Emissions ....................... 72 9. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS ......................................................................................................... 79 10. RECOMMENDATIONS ..................................................................................................................... 79 REFERENCES .......................................................................................................................................... 80 REFERENCES: MANUFACTURER WEBSITES ........................................................................................... 86 APPENDIX A: DATA QUALITY ASSURANCE CHARTS .............................................................................
Recommended publications
  • The New Bmw Series Convertible and Coupe
    BMW Series Convertible Coupe The Ultimate bmwusa.com Driving Machine® THE NEW BMW SERIES CONVERTIBLE AND COUPE. BMW EfficientDynamics Less emissions. More driving pleasure. Information Provided by: Provided Information The new BMW Series Convertible The new BMW Series Coupe Technology Equipment Overviews AN IRRESISTIBLE SPORTINESS INNOVATIONS THAT AS INDIVIDUAL AS SPECIFICATIONS FEELING OF FREEDOM. MEETS AESTHETICS. MOVE YOU. YOUR DREAMS. AND SERVICES. Exterior Exterior BMW ConnectedDrive® Exterior colors Technical data Aesthetic, elegant and incredibly sporty. Its lines: unmistakable. So connected, you’re free. Build Your Own BMW Services Hardtop Dynamics BMW EfficientDynamics Exclusive offers for BMW customers. Perfect for any weather. A savvy performer. Technology that increases excitement and Original BMW Accessories reduces fuel consumption and emissions. Freedom meets space Information For exclusive BMW photos, behind-the-scenes Sporting elegance and clever functionality. Always connected. BMW engine technology videos and the latest BMW news: A heritage of innovation. Interior Interior Like us on Facebook®: Inner freedom. Impressive entrance. Chassis and performance technology facebook.com/bmwusa Systems to enhance driving pleasure. Performance Follow us on Twitter®: Power in every detail. Active and passive safety features twitter.com/bmwusa Innovative systems for enhanced driving confi dence and security. Find us on YouTube™: youtube.com/bmwusa Follow us on TUMBLR®: bmwusa.tumblr.com Editorial Equipment of model shown: The new BMW Series excels through its blend of sportiness and sheer BMW i Convertible with Luxury Line. ATHLETIC THROUGH elegance. As a convertible, it communicates a feeling of freedom while Engine: BMW TwinPower Turbo .-liter inline four-cylinder impressing with its powerful presence. As a coupe, it combines compel ling Transmission: -speed Sport Automatic transmission athleticism with sleek styling, embodying a completely new kind of dyna- Max.
    [Show full text]
  • BMW Group Plant Munich
    BMW PLANT MUNICH. FLEXIBILITY. INNOVATION. PASSION. The BMW Group’s parent plant. Production in the heart of a metropolitan city. Plant Munich PREFACE. Dear Reader, the heart of BMW beats in Munich. different technologies, ranging from years. Key projects include the expan- Here, right by the Olympic Park, are the press shop to the body shop and sion of the body shop and assembly as our parent plant as well as BMW Welt, the paint shop and on to assembly and well as a new, resource-friendly paint the BMW Museum and our landmark engine production. shop. BMW Headquarters. The beginnings of our plant date back to the year 1913. The complexity we are facing will But our greatest asset are the approx. So it is truly the starting point for what only grow further with the increasing 8,000 people who work at the plant. has since become the BMW Group’s electrification of our vehicle offering. It is their expertise and experience, global production network with 30 Already today, we produce cars with creativity and passion that allow us to sites in 14 countries. conventional petrol or diesel engines create the perfect car and inspire our on a single line together with plug- customers – a thousand times a day. The plant’s unique location in the in hybrids. In the near future, the center of a big city poses challenges all-electric BMW i4 will complement I hope you enjoy discovering for us on a daily basis. The confined our model range. In other words, our BMW Group Plant Munich.
    [Show full text]
  • The New 2021 BMW 4 Series Convertible.Pdf
    A subsidiary of BMW AG BMW U.S. Press Information For Release: Immediate Contact: Oleg Satanovsky BMW Product & Technology Spokesperson 201-307-3755 / [email protected] Alex Schmuck BMW Product & Technology Communications Manager 201-307-3783 / [email protected] The New 2021 BMW 4 Series Convertible • All new 2nd generation of BMW’s 4 Series Convertible. • More style, power, torque and performance. • The latest safety, driver assist and infotainment technologies. • MSRP starting at $53,100 for the 430i Convertible plus $995 Destination. • Market launch set for March 2021 for RWD variants and July 2021 for xDrive models. Woodcliff Lake, NJ – Sept. 29, 2020…Today, BMW is proud to present the all-new, second generation 4 Series Convertible, 35 years after the very first 3 Series Convertible was unveiled at the Frankfurt Motor Show. The new four-seater continues the tradition of exhilarating open-air motoring, rightfully deserving “The Ultimate Driving Machine” moniker with its modern styling, low-slung shoulder line, cutting-edge technology and performance. The most noticeable change from the previous generation is the switch from hardtop to newly designed soft-top, which brings many benefits including weight reduction, greater cargo space and a lower center of gravity for improved handling. MSRP is $53,100 for the new 430i Convertible, $55,100 for the 430i xDrive Convertible, $64,00 for the M440i Convertible and $66,000 for the M440i xDrive Convertible. Pricing does not include $995 Destination. - more - - 2 - New convertible soft-top The new 4 Series Convertible’s top uses large panel bow elements with a honeycomb-design construction, a flush-fitting glass rear window, multiple layers of insulation and a fabric cover available in two colors.
    [Show full text]
  • BMW Pricelist Jul 2019 (2019-07-06)
    Recommended Retail Price List - July 2019 VES (band) Retail Price VES (band) Retail Price BMW 1 Series BMW 6 Series 118i Edition Sport +$10,000 (C1) $156,888 630i Gran Turismo Luxury +$20,000 (C2) $307,888 630i Gran Turismo M Sport +$10,000 (C1) $319,888 BMW 2 Series 640i xDrive Gran Turismo M Sport +$20,000 (C2) $396,888 216i Active Tourer Sport $154,888 216i Gran Tourer Sport $160,888 BMW 7 Series Sedan 216i Gran Tourer Luxury $167,888 730Li Design Pure Excellence +$10,000 (C1) P.O.A 218i Coupe Sport +$10,000 (C1) $176,888 220i Coupe Sport +$10,000 (C1) $197,888 BMW X1 Sports Activity Vehicle 230i Coupe M Sport $202,888 X1 sDrive18i xLine $175,888 218i Convertible Sport +$10,000 (C1) $192,888 X1 sDrive20i M Sport +$10,000 (C1) $197,888 220i Convertible Sport +$10,000 (C1) $213,888 230i Convertible M Sport $218,888 BMW X2 Sports Activity Coupe 225xe iPerformance -$10,000 (A2) $181,888 X2 sDrive18i M Sport X $181,888 225xe M Sport iPerformance -$10,000 (A2) $188,888 X2 sDrive20i M Sport X +$10,000 (C1) $199,888 BMW 3 Series BMW X3 Sports Activity Vehicle 330i Sedan Luxury $226,888 X3 sDrive20i xLine +$10,000 (C1) $225,888 330i M Sport $241,888 X3 xDrive30i xLine $250,888 X3 xDrive30i M Sport +$10,000 (C1) $260,888 BMW 4 Series 420i Coupe Sport $215,888 BMW X4 Sports Activity Coupe 430i Coupe M Sport +$10,000 (C1) $261,888 X4 xDrive20i xLine +$10,000 (C1) $244,888 440i Coupe M Sport $295,888 X4 xDrive30i M Sport X +$10,000 (C1) $281,888 420i Convertible Sport $247,888 430i Convertible M Sport +$10,000 (C1) $292,888 BMW X5 440i Convertible
    [Show full text]
  • Bmw 4 User Manual.Pdf
    Bmw 4 User Manual 2017 BMW 4 Series Coupe — Owner's Manual. Posted on 21 Feb, 2020. Model: 2017 BMW 4 Series Coupe Pages: 260. File size: 6 MB. Download Manual. View and Download BMW 4 series owner's manual online. 4 series automobile pdf manual download. Everything you need to know about your BMW. Get the Owner's Manual for your specific BMW online. Both the 430i and 430i xDrive are equipped with BMW's B46 turbocharged four-cylinder which produces an adequate 255 horsepower and 294. Bmw 4 User Manual --> Click For Download --> Single Owner (12). Hide vehicles with: Accidents Reported. The upcoming BMW 4 Series is bound to show up in 2020 and there's already plenty of excitement around it before it launches in July 2020. 4 Series Owner's Manual for Vehicle. Thank you for choosing a BMW. The more familiar you are with your vehicle, the better control you will have on the road. The Driver's Guide is a vehicle-specific* Owner's Manual for selected BMW models**. When using this system for the first time, you require an Internet connection. Manufacturer: BMWModel: 3 Series. BMW 4 SERIES GRAN COUPE F36 OWNERS HANDBOOK USER MANUAL & WALLET SET 2014. 4 Series Owner's Manual for Vehicle. Thank you for choosing a BMW. The more familiar you are with your vehicle, the better control you will have on the road. Est. delivery dateEst. delivery Wed, Jul 1Manufacturer: BMWModel: 1 SeriesYear: 2009. BMW 4 SERIES GRAN COUPE HANDBOOK. OWNER'S MANUAL. Contents. A-Z. BMW i.
    [Show full text]
  • Car Wars 2020-2023 the Rise (And Fall) of the Crossover?
    The US Automotive Product Pipeline Car Wars 2020-2023 The Rise (and Fall) of the Crossover? Equity | 10 May 2019 Car Wars thesis and investment relevance Car Wars is an annual proprietary study that assesses the relative strength of each automaker’s product pipeline in the US. The purpose is to quantify industry product trends, and then relate our findings to investment decisions. Our thesis is fairly straightforward: we believe replacement rate drives showroom age, which drives market United States Autos/Car Manufacturers share, which drives profits and stock prices. OEMs with the highest replacement rate and youngest showroom age have generally gained share from model years 2004-19. John Murphy, CFA Research Analyst Ten key findings of our study MLPF&S +1 646 855 2025 1. Product activity remains reasonably robust across the industry, but the ramp into a [email protected] softening market will likely drive overcrowding and profit pressure. Aileen Smith Research Analyst 2. New vehicle introductions are 70% CUVs and Light Trucks, and just 24% Small and MLPF&S Mid/Large Cars. The material CUV overweight (45%) will likely pressure the +1 646 743 2007 [email protected] segment’s profitability to the low of passenger cars, and/or will leave dealers with a Yarden Amsalem dearth of entry level product to offer, further increasing an emphasis on used cars. Research Analyst MLPF&S 3. Product cadence overall continues to converge, making the market increasingly [email protected] competitive, which should drive incremental profit pressure across the value chain. Gwen Yucong Shi 4.
    [Show full text]
  • The New Bmw 4 Series Gran Coupé. Product Overview
    BMW UK June 2014 THE NEW BMW 4 SERIES GRAN COUPÉ. PRODUCT OVERVIEW. INCREASING POPULARITY OF FOUR-DOOR COUPÉS. COMPLETING THE 4 SERIES FAMILY. Saloon Coupé Touring Convertible Gran Gran TiTurismo CéCoupé SALES FORECAST FOR THE 4 SERIES FAMILY. Convertible 30% Coupé 45% Gran Coupé 25% – UK expected to be the fourth-largest worldwide market for Gran Coupé. – Expected sales of around 28,000 cars over seven-year lifecycle. EXTERIOR DESIGN. THE NEW BMW 4 SERIES GRAN COUPÉ. SWEEPING COUPÉ PROPORTIONS. POWERFUL AND MUSCULAR STANCE. SPORTY INTERIOR DESIGN. DIMENSIONS COMPARISON TO 4 SERIES COUPÉ. - Length, width and wheelbase as per 4 Series Coupé, with changes to door frames and window graphic . - Vehicle height +12mm versus 4 Series Coupé. - Boot capacity 480-1,300 litres. COUPÉ STYLING WITH ADDITIONAL PRACTICALITY. Coupé Gran Coupé Dynamic drive and handling + Four doors Sporty, athletic styling + Seats up to five people ChiComprehensive sttddandard equiitpment + Ha tc hh, automa tic tail gat e + 35 litre increase in luggage capacity ENGINE LINE UP. UK ENGINE LINE UP. 2014 03/14 420i 428i 435i 06/14 418d Launch 420d 420d xDrive 07/14 420i xDrive 430d 430d xDrive 435d xDrive Dates shown are Start of Production (SOP) LAUNCH ENGINES – TECHNICAL DATA. 4 Series F36Gran Technical Coupé Technical Data – 03/14 Data SOP – 03/14 engines SOP engines Model Transmission Power [hp] 0-62 mph [s] CO2 [g/km] Combined [mpg] MT 7.5 153 42.8 420i 184 AT 7.6 146 44.8 MT 6.1 156 42.2 428i 245 AT 6.0 149 44.1 MT 5.5 193 34.0 435i 306 AT 5.2 179 37.2 MT 9.2 121 61.4 418d 143 AT 9.1 121 61.4 MT 7.7 128 57.6 420d 184 AT 7.5 124 60.1 MT 7.7 133 56.5 420d xDrive 184 AT 7.5 131 56.5 CLASS-LEADING DRIVING DYNAMICS.
    [Show full text]
  • The New Bmw Series Coupe
    BMW Series Coupe i i xDrive i The Ultimate i xDrive Driving Machine® THE NEW BMW SERIES COUPE. THE ARRIVAL OF A DEPARTURE. BMW EfficientDynamics Less emissions. More driving pleasure. Information Provided by: Provided Information SPORTING VITALITY. SINGULAR STYLE. Dynamic individuality: The fi rst-ever BMW 4 Series Coupe deftly integrates sleek aesthetics, personalized luxury, athletic agility and thrilling power. Do you possess a passion for driving and a fl air for style? Good news: you’ve found the perfect vehicle for self-expression. : yb dedivor P noit a mrofnI Editorial EXTRAVAGANT EFFICIENCY: THE SPORTS COUPE, REDEFINED. The BMW Series Coupe proves that sporty driving, personal luxury and sustainability can not only coexist, but perform in concert. The Coupe defines the essence of the all-new Series: high performance combined with sophisticated style, comfort and convenience. All integrated into an elegantly articulated design language that speaks volumes when you see or touch every crafted line, curve, stitch and The new Technology Equipment Overviews square inch of premium materials. BMW Series Coupe The Series Coupe’s lightweight design enhances handling and acceleration while reducing fuel use and emissions. The engine limits SPORTINESS MEETS INNOVATIONS AS INDIVIDUAL AS YOUR SPECIFICATIONS wasteful idling in traffic and at lights with an Auto Start-Stop function. AESTHETICS. THAT MOVE YOU. DREAMS. AND SERVICES. Brake Energy Regeneration recovers energy previously wasted by braking and coasting to help power the electrical systems and deliver a reassuring feel on the road. These and other advanced technologies combine in a unique luxury sports coupe that pours on performance ® Technical data Exterior BMW ConnectedDrive BMW Series Coupe when you need it – and intelligently manages energy when you don’t.
    [Show full text]
  • BMW at the 87Th Geneva International Motor Show 2017. Long Version
    BMW Media BMW at the 87th Geneva Information International Motor Show 2017. 02/2017 Page 1 Long version. 1. Dynamic, versatile, intelligent: The new BMW 5 Series Touring. ......................................................................... 2 2. Taking sporting prowess and aesthetic appeal to the next level: The new BMW 4 Series. The new BMW M4 Coupe and new BMW M4 Convertible. ........................ 7 3. BMW i showcases the success of electric mobility and unveils new special-edition versions of the BMW i8. ...................................... 10 BMW Media 1. Dynamic, versatile, intelligent: Information The new BMW 5 Series Touring. 02/2017 Page 2 Dynamic excellence, aesthetic appeal and intelligent functionality are attributes for which the BMW 5 Series Touring is well renowned. And the new-generation model takes this combination to a whole new level. Like the recently launched new BMW 5 Series Sedan, the second body variant in this tradition-steeped model range also impresses with an exceptional display and operating concept, trailblazing assistance systems and stand-out advances in digital connectivity. “The BMW 5 Series Touring was developed specifically for the European market, where it has enjoyed great success over the last 25 years. I am sure that the versatility of this new, fifth generation will prove even more popular with those customers who appreciate the 5 Series Touring’s characteristic roomy, variable loading space combined with its distinguished appearance and – of course – its BMW-typical driving dynamics,” says Dr Ian Robertson, Member of the Board of Management at BMW AG, Sales and Marketing. The new BMW 5 Series Touring celebrates its world premiere in March 2017 at the Geneva International Motor Show.
    [Show full text]
  • The Bmw 4 Series Gran Coupé
    BMW 4 Series Gran Coupé Sheer www.bmw.com Driving Pleasure THE BMW 4 SERIES GRAN COUPÉ. BMW EFFICIENTDYNAMICS. LESS EMISSIONS. MORE DRIVING PLEASURE. THE BMW 4 SERIES GRAN COUPÉ. A NEW ERA OF AESTHETICS. In 2016 the BMW brand will be celebrating its 100th anniversary. Find out more at www.next100.bmw THE MODEL SHOWN. 04 BMW 440i GRAN COUPÉ WITH M SPORT PACKAGE: BMW TwinPower Turbo six-cylinder in-line petrol engine, 240kW (326hp), 19" M light alloy wheels Double-spoke style 442 M, Carbon Black metallic exterior colour, seats in Ivory White Dakota leather, Fine Brushed Aluminium interior trim with high-gloss Black accent line. For further information on fuel consumption and CO2 emissions please consult the technical data pages or contact your BMW partner. INNOVATIONS AND TECHNOLOGY. 18 BMW TWIN POWER TURBO ENGINES: At the heart of BMW EfficientDynamics. 20 BMW EFFICIENT DYNAMICS: Making fuel saving fun. 22 BMW CONNECTED DRIVE: Services & Apps and Driver Assistance. 24 CHASSIS: Innovative systems for more driving pleasure. 26 SAFETY: Advanced technology at your service. WANT TO DISCOVER MORE? INDIVIDUALITY AND ADAPTABILITY. Explore the BMW 4 Series Gran Coupé in digital: simply 30 EQUIPMENT: BMW Lines, M Sport package and BMW Individual, download the interactive equipment highlights, wheels and tyres and Original BMW BMW Accessories. BROCHURES BMW brochure app for your device and select the model 44 COLOURS: Exterior and interior colours. of your choice. 48 TECHNICAL DATA: Weight, engine, transmission, performance, fuel consumption, wheels and dimensioned drawings. 50 BMW SERVICE: BMW Service, BMW Financial Services and the BMW experience.
    [Show full text]
  • New Models New Models
    NEWSLETTER 05/2020 TISWEB TECH - Technical Database 12 HYUNDAI i800/Montana (TQ) 2008- HYUNDAI Santa Fé (TM) 2018- New models data update, INFINITI FX (S50) 2003-2009 Repair time KIA K-Series (PU) 2002- AUDI Q3 (G2, F3) 2019- MERCEDES-BENZ Sprinter III (W907/910) 2018- BMW 1 (F40) 2019- SEAT Tarraco (KN2) 2019- BMW X7 (G07) 2019- SKODA Scala 2019- BMW Z4 (G29) 2019- SSANGYONG Musso 2018- TISWEB FULL - Spare parts and Time Database 4 New models Aftermarket news New codes entered 20.391 AUDI A6 Allroad (4AH) 2019 - Code price change 129.125 No.3 Versions Original codes No.3510 Total items 3.134.399 BMW 8-Series Gran Coupé (G16) 2020 - EAN codes 1.246.318 No.6 Versions Original codes No.5703 Total aftermarket price lists 455 Total tyre price lists 73 MAZDA CX-30 (DM) 2019 - No.6 Versions Original codes No.4042 MERCEDES-BENZ GLE Coupé (C167) 2020 - No.3 Versions Original codes No.2682 + 197 Aftermarket Images EGR Valve 15 updates FAST MOVING ALFA ROMEO Mito (955) 2008 - No.11 Versions Original codes No.12698 AUDI A3 (8V1) 2012 - SEAT Arona (KJ7) 2018 - No.4 Versions Original codes No.4173 No.2 Versions Original codes No. 1681 BMW 1-Series (F40) 2019 - VOLVO C30 (MK) 2007 - No.1 Versions Original codes No.847 No.6 Versions Original codes No. 5987 BMW 2-Series Coupé (F22) 2013 - VOLVO S60 II 2010 - No.10 Versions Original codes No.11307 No.1 Versions Original codes No. 1059 BMW 2 Gran Tourer (F46) 2015 - VOLVO S80 II (AS) 2006 - No.9 Versions Original codes No.9742 No.2 Versions Original codes No.
    [Show full text]
  • BMW Medieninformation
    BMW Media BMW at the 2013 Frankfurt International information Motor Show (IAA). 08/2013 Page 1 Contents. 1. BMW at the 2013 Frankfurt International Motor Show (IAA). (Summary) .................................................................................................................... 2 2. BMW at the 2013 Frankfurt International Motor Show (IAA). (Long version) 2.1 A new era in electric mobility: The BMW i3. ................................................................................................................ 5 2.2 Aesthetics in motion: The BMW 4 Series Coupe. .................................................................................. 13 2.3 The world’s most successful Sports Activity Vehicle sets new standards for driving pleasure, luxury and innovation: The new BMW X5. .................................................................................................. 16 2.4 BMW eDrive meets BMW xDrive – an innovative combination designed to deliver efficient driving pleasure: The BMW Concept X5 eDrive. ............................................................................ 18 2.5 Clever use of space for sports and leisure activities: The BMW Concept Active Tourer Outdoor. .................................................. 22 2.6 A stand-out performer – and more innovative than ever: The new BMW 5 Series. ....................................................................................... 25 2.7 Exclusive sporting allure: The new BMW X5 M50d, BMW M550d xDrive Sedan and BMW M550d xDrive Touring M Performance
    [Show full text]