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From the Ryukyu Islands, Japan

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From the Ryukyu Islands, Japan Bull. Natn. Sci. Mus., Tokyo, Ser. A, 32(3), pp. 105–124, September 22, 2006 New and Newly Recorded Oribatid Mites (Arachnida, Acari, Oribatida) from the Ryukyu Islands, Japan Jun-ichi Aoki 3–8–12 Nishi-Azabu, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 160–0031 Japan Abstract Thirteen new species of oribatid mites are described from the Ryukyu Islands of Japan. They are: Lohmannia unsui sp. nov., Sadocepheus yakuensis sp. nov., Mycobates tricostatus sp. nov., Birobates nasutus sp. nov. from Yaku Island, Mochlozetes ryukyuensis sp. nov. from Kuchi- noshima, Akuseki and Ishigaki Islands, Dolicheremaeus magnus sp. nov., Fissicepheus gracilis sp. nov., Austrocarabodes bituberculatus sp. nov. from Okinawa Island, Fissicepheus defectus sp. nov., from Okinawa and Tokashiki Islands, Austrocarabodes obscurus sp. nov. from Tonaki Island, Ho- plophthiracarus insularis sp. nov. from Tokashiki Island, Defectamerus insularis sp. nov. from Za- mami Island, and Heteroppia setigera sp. nov. from Ishigaki Island. Seven species are newly recorded from Japan. They are: Trhypochthonius javanus Csiszár, 1961 and Lamellobates oriental- is Csiszár, 1961 known from Java, Neoliodes bataviensis Sellnick, 1925 known from Java and Aus- tralia, Dolicheremaeus orientalis Aoki, 1965 known from Thailand, Camisia invenusta (Michael, 1888) known from Europe, Neoliodes striatus (Warburton, 1912) known from Africa, and Ere- maeozetes undulatus Mahunka, 1985 known from the Antilles Islands. Key words : Oribatida, new species, Ryukyu Islands, Japan. The Ryukyu Islands are thought to be an ex- Lohmannia unsui sp. nov. tremely interesting area by many biologists be- (Figs. 1–7) cause of its rich flora and fauna representing a subtropical biodiversity. Their oribatid fauna was Measurement. Body length 1015–1020 mm, also expected to be rich and not a few investiga- width 500–550 mm. tions were done in the Ohsumi Islands, the Prodorsum. Rostrum smoothly rounded (Fig. Tokara Islands, the Amami Islands, the Okinawa 1). Rostral setae weakly broadened, with spines Islands, the Kerama Islands, the Miyako Islands, on both sides, sharply pointed at tip, 2.2 times as and the Yaeyama Islands, which constitute the long as their mutual distance (Fig. 3). Lamellar Ryukyu Islands (Aoki, 1973, 1976, 1982, 1984, setae a little thinner and longer than rostral setae, 1987a, 1987b, Ito & Aoki, 1999, Karasawa & with spines on both sides (Fig. 2), 1.38 times as Aoki, 2005, Nakatamari, 1978, 1980, 1982, long as their mutual distance. Interlamellar setae 1983, etc.). Although the results of these investi- as thick as and a little longer than lamellar setae; gations gave proof for a very rich oribatid fauna their length and their mutual distance almost there, a number of species are remaining un- equal. Sensillus weakly sigmoid, with 6–7 long named and waiting for description. branches and a short branch near the tip (Fig. 7). The present paper aims at describing a part of Anterior exobothridial seta (exa) curved near the these unnamed oribatid mites from the Ryukyu base, directed forward, weakly thickened, beset Islands. All the specimens of the type series are with small spines in two rows (Figs. 4–5). Poste- deposited in the collection of the Department of rior exobothridial seta (exp) slender leaf-shaped, Zoology, National Science Museum, Tokyo. with spines on both sides (Fig. 6). An irregularly rounded porose area found between rostral setae and one behind lamellar seta on each side; a 106 J. Aoki transverse porose area between interlamellar areas on prodorsum is also a characteristic fea- setae. ture of the new species. Notogaster. Notogaster gently swollen on both sides. Sixteen pairs of notogastral setae whip- Hoplophthiracarus insularis sp. nov. like, barbed unilaterally; RLN (relative length to (Figs. 8–12) notogaster) of them 19.4–26.4; setae c3 and d3 nearly as long as the distance c –d , longer than 3 3 Measurement. Length of notogaster 450–510 d –e . 3 2 mm, length of aspis 250–265 mm. Anogenital region. Genital plate divided into 2 Aspis. Median ridge well developed. Inter- plates by a transverse suture. Each part bearing 5 lamellar seta rod-like or weakly bending, long setae. Anal and adanal plates separated, the 21–26% in length of aspis. Rostral seta curved former with 2 setae and the latter with 4 setae; downward, shorter than interlamellar setae (Fig. anterior anal setae (an ) situated in a level be- 2 8). Sensillus bearing a weakly swollen and splin- tween ad and ad ; posterior anal setae (an ) al- 3 4 1 tery apical part (Fig. 9). Posterior half of bothrid- most in the same level with ad . Praeanal plate 2 ium covered by bothridial scale with a rectangu- broad transversely. lar margin. A faint lateral carina making a round- Type series. Holotype (NSMT-Ac 11851) and ed or angular curve over bothridium. Surface of 6 paratypes (NSMT-Ac 11852–11854): Shiratani aspis covered by distinct foveolae larger in mid- Unsui Valley, Yaku Island, the Ohsumi Islands, dle and smaller in posterior and lateral parts. 31-VII-1981, H. Harada. Notogaster. Rather elongate in lateral view., Remarks. The most characteristic feature of covered by distinct large foveolae, interspace of the new species is the shape of posterior exoboth- them dark-colored. Fourteen pairs of notogastral ridial setae, which are lanceolate or narrow leaf- setae rather thick, weakly bending forward and shaped. The setae in most of congeneric species blunt at tip (Fig. 10). are strongly rounded (as in L. banksi Norton, Anogenital region. Genital setae g –g fine, Metz & Sharma, 1978 and L. jornoti Mahunka, 1 5 arranged on the anterior edge; setae g –g leaf- 1985) or broadly leaf-shaped (as in L. bifoliata 6 9 shaped (Fig. 11), inserted on median margin of Willmann, 1936, L. embryonalis Mahunka, 1978, genital plate. Adanal setae ad and ad long, in- L. hispaniola Pérez-Iñigo, 1967, L. javana 1 2 serted close together in the posterior part of Balogh, 1961, etc.). A few species have posterior anoadanal plate; seta ad short, somewhat leaf- exobothridial setae not broadened, but they are 3 shaped (Fig. 12); anal setae an and an medium similar in shape to notogastral setae (as in L. re- 1 2 long, inserted close together and bending anteri- galis Berlese, 1923 and L. reticulata Mahunka, ad. 1980). Only four species, L. coreana Choi, 1985, Type series. Holotype (NSMT-Ac 12022) and L. serrata Hu & Wang, 1989, L. guzhanensis Hu 1 paratype (NSMT-Ac 12023): Southern part of & Wang, 1989 and the new species, have posteri- Tokashiki Island, the Okinawa Islands, 14-XII- or exobothridial setae which are lanceolate or 2004, J. Aoki. nearly leaf-shaped. These three known species Remarks. The new species is readily distin- are, however, different from the new species as guishable from the known species of the genus below: L. coreana has rostral setae longer than Hoplophtiracarus by (1) dark-colored body, (2) lamellar setae (le/roϭ0.97), L. serrata has longer very distinct and large foveolae on the body sur- notogastral setae (RLN of the longest setae 30.7) face, (3) leaf-like genital setae g –g , (4) adanal and seta c longer, or as long as, distance be- 6 9 1 setae ad and ad inserted close together and lo- tween c and d , and L. guzhangensis has rostral 1 2 1 1 cated far posteriorly. setae as long as lamellar setae and smaller body size (866–876 mm). The presence of six porous New Oribatid Mites from the Ryukyu Islands 107 Figs. 1–7. Lohmannia unsui sp. nov. 1: Dorsal view of body. 2: Lamellar seta. 3: Rostral seta. 4 and 5: Anterior exobothridial setae (exa). 6: Posterior exobothridial seta. 7: Sensillus. Fig. 8–12. Hoplophthiracarus insularis sp. nov. 8: Lateral view. 9: Sensillus and bothridium. 10: Notogastral seta. 11: Posterior genital setae. 12: An- terior adanal seta. Scale bars: 100 mm in Figs. 1 and 8, 50 mm in Figs. 2–7, 20 mm in Figs. 9–12. 108 J. Aoki Trhypochthonius javanus Csiszár, 1961 Japanese specimen are not so long as those of the (Figs. 13–14) Javanese ones. Csiszár (1961) did not mention on the number of genital setae, but only four pairs of Trhypochthonius javanus Csiszár, 1961: 349, the setae are found on the Japanese specimen fig.10. (Fig. 14). Measurement. Body length 590 m, width 330 m Specimen examined. One specimen: North- mm. eastern part of Tokashiki Island, the Okinawa Is- Remarks. The Japanese specimen is well lands, 6-XII-2004, J. Aoki. in accord with the original description of Distribution. Java and Japan (new record). Trhypochthonius javanus from Java in having clavate sensilli, especially long notogastral setae Camisia invenusta (Michael, 1888) h3 and ps3, and notogaster weakly constricted near humeral part (Fig. 13). The only difference (Fig. 15) between them is in that interlamellar setae of the Nothrus invenustus Michael, 1888: 500. Figs. 13–14. Trhypochthonius javanus Csiszár, 1961. 13: Dorsal view of body. 14: Anogenital region. Fig.15. Camisia invenusta (Michael, 1888). Dorsal view of body. Scale bars: 100 mm in Figs. 13–15. New Oribatid Mites from the Ryukyu Islands 109 Camisia invenusta: Sellnick & Forsslund, 1955: (new record). 488, Fig. 13; Sitnikova, 1975: 76, fig. 123; Balogh & Mahunka, 1983: 188, pl. 113, fig. C. Neoliodes bataviensis Sellnick, 1925 Measurement. Body length 530–650 mm, (Figs. 16–17) width 310–360 mm. Neoliodes bataviensis Sellnick, 1925: 463, figs. Prodorsum. Rostral seta short, Glabrous, di- 7–9. rected anterolaterally. Lamellar seta thick, with Measurement. Body length 1040–1100 mm, strong spines and inserted on a small but distinct width 710–800 mm. apophysis. Interlamellar seta long, reaching just Remarks. This species is easily recognized by apophysis of lamellar seta, also inserted on a the structure on prodorsum, a pair of swellings small apophysis. A pair of longitudinal ridge well separated by a rather wide interspace (Fig.
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