Government of India Ministry of Road Transport and Highways
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Government of India Ministry of Road Transport and Highways Public Disclosure Authorized Consultancy Services for Preparation of Detailed Project Report for Rehabilitation and Upgrading to 2 lane / 2 lane with Paved Shoulders and strengthening of Birpur - Udakishanganj Section (km 0 to 106) of NH-106 in the State of Bihar Public Disclosure Authorized ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN Public Disclosure Authorized February 2014 Consulting Engineers Group Ltd. Public Disclosure Authorized Rehabilitation and upgrading to 2 lane/2 lane with paved shoulder of EIA /EMP Report Birpur-Udakishanganj Section of NH-106 in the State of Bihar TABLE OF CONTENTS S. No. Description Page No ABBREVIATION EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ES-1 Introduction E-1 ES-2 Project Description E-2 ES-2.1 Existing and Proposed the Project Road E-4 ES-3 Analysis of Alternatives E-4 ES-4 Description of Existing Environment E-4 ES-5 Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures E-7 ES-6 Additional Studies E-8 ES-7 Environmental Management Plan E-9 ES-8 Environmental Budget E-9 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the Project 1 1.2 Project Proponent 3 1.3 Objective and Need of Environmental Impact Assessment 5 1.3.1 Environmental Clearance Process 5 1.4 Policies, Legal Framework and Legal Stipulations 6 1.4.1 Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980 9 1.4.2 Wildlife Protection Act 1972 9 1.4.3 World Bank’s Environmental and Social Safeguards 9 1.5 Terms of Reference (TOR approved by EAC) 10 1.6 Validity of Environmental Clearance 18 1.7 Post Environmental Clearance Monitoring 18 1.8 Transferability of EC 18 1.9 Environmental Standards and Code of Practices 18 1.10 Structure of Environmental Impact Assessment Report 19 CHAPTER 2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION 2.1 Introduction 21 2.2 Need for the Project 22 2.3 Expected benefits from the sub-project 22 Consulting Engineers Group Ltd MoRTH Rehabilitation and upgrading to 2 lane/2 lane with paved shoulder of EIA /EMP Report Birpur-Udakishanganj Section of NH-106 in the State of Bihar 2.4 Location of the Project 22 2.5 Existing Conditions 24 2.5.1 Existing Right of Way (RoW) 24 2.5.2 Major Settlements Enroute 24 2.5.3 Existing carriageway configuration with road geometry 24 2.5.3.1 Carriageway Details 24 2.5.3.2 Deficient Horizontal Curves 25 2.5.3.3 Road Side Drain 27 2.5.3.4 Junctions 27 2.5.4 Pavement condition 28 2.5.5 Cross Drainage Structures 28 2.5.6 Traffic Details 29 2.5.7 Animal Crossing 31 2.5.8 Road Accident Details 31 2.5.9 Safety 31 2.6 Proposed Improvements 32 2.6.1 Proposed Right of Way 32 2.6.2 Proposed Design Improvement 32 2.6.2.1 Proposed Carriageway Configuration 32 2.6.2.2 Road Widening Scheme 32 2.6.2.3 Road Geometry 34 2.6.2.4 Pavement Design 35 2.6.2.5 Roadside Drainage 36 2.6.2.6 Junction Improvement 37 2.6.2.7 Cross Drainage Structures 37 2.6.2.8 Projected Traffic 40 2.6.2.9 Road Safety Measures 42 2.6.2.10 Road Side Amenities 45 2.6.3 Resource Requirements 46 2.6.3.1 Construction Materials 46 2.6.2.3 Use of Fly ash 49 CHAPTER 3 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES 3.1 Introduction 53 3.1.1 Necessity of Analysis of Alternatives 53 3.2 “With” and “Without” Project Scenario 53 3.3 Analysis of Alternatives 55 3.3.1 Proposed Realignments 55 3.3.1.1 Comparative Analysis of alternative options. 56 Consulting Engineers Group Ltd MoRTH Rehabilitation and upgrading to 2 lane/2 lane with paved shoulder of EIA /EMP Report Birpur-Udakishanganj Section of NH-106 in the State of Bihar 3.3.1.2 Availability of Alternative Routes 56 CHAPTER 4 DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT 4.1 Introduction 58 4.2 Baseline Data Collection Methodology 58 4.2.1 Project Influence Area 58 4.2.2 Corridor of Impact 58 4.3 Physical Environment 59 4.3.1 Topography 59 4.3.2 Geology 59 4.3.2.1 Geological Formations 59 4.3.2.2 Seismic hazards 60 4.3.3 Drainage Pattern 61 4.3.3.1 Flooding 62 4.3.4 Land Use Pattern 63 4.3.5 Soil 64 4.3.5.1 Soil Characteristics along Project Road 64 4.3.5.2 Mineral Resources 66 4.3.5.3 Borrow Areas 66 4.3.5.4 Fly Ash 66 4.3.6 Meteorology 66 4.3.6.1 Temperature 66 4.3.6.2 Rainfall 66 4.3.6.3 Relative Humidity 67 4.3.6.4 Wind Speed and Direction 67 4.3.7 Air Environment 69 4.3.7.1 Ambient Air Quality of the Project Influence Area 69 4.3.8 Noise Environment 71 4.3.9 Water Environment 73 4.3.9.1 Surface Water 74 4.3.9.2 Ground Water 76 4.3.9.3 Ground Water Quality 77 4.4 Biological Environment 78 4.4.1 Forest 78 4.4.1.1 Forest in the Project Influence Area 78 4.4.1.2 Road Side Plantations 78 4.4.1.3 Tree Cutting within the Proposed RoW 80 4.4.2 Fauna 80 4.4.2.1 Aquatic Ecology 82 Consulting Engineers Group Ltd MoRTH Rehabilitation and upgrading to 2 lane/2 lane with paved shoulder of EIA /EMP Report Birpur-Udakishanganj Section of NH-106 in the State of Bihar 4.4.2.2 Fishes 83 4.5 Socio Economic Environment 83 4.5.1 Demographic Profile 83 4.5.2 Project affected structures and Common Property Resources 85 4.5.3 Amenities, Cultural and Religious Properties 85 4.5.3.1 Religious Structures 86 4.5.3.2 Presence of Sensitive receptors (School, College etc.) 86 4.5.3.3 Hospitals and Health care services 88 4.5.3.4 Hand Pumps 89 4.5.3.5 Archeological Protected Monuments 89 IMPACT ASSESSMENT AND MITIGATION MEASURES CHAPTER 5 5.1 General 90 5.2 Physical Environment 92 5.2.1 Topography and drainage pattern 92 5.2.2 Geology 92 5.2.3 Seismicity 93 5.2.4 Land Acquisition 93 5.2.5 Diversion of Forest land 94 5.2.6 Soil Erosion 94 5.2.7 Impact on Soil Quality 95 5.2.8 Borrow Areas 96 5.2.9 Sand/Aggregate Quarries 98 5.2.10 Compaction of Soil 100 5.2.11 Contamination of Soil 100 5.2.12 Impacts due to loss of Productive Soil 102 5.3 Air Environment 103 5.3.1 Generation of Dust-Fugitive Dust 104 5.3.2 Generation of Exhaust Emissions 104 5.3.2.1 Predictions of Air Impacts (Air Quality Modeling) 105 5.3.2.2 Meteorological Conditions 105 5.3.2.3 Traffic & Location 105 5.3.2.4 Links & Receptors 106 5.3.2.5 Emission Factor 106 5.4 Water Environment 109 5.4.1 Water Resources 109 5.4.2 Drainage 111 5.4.3 Loss of Water bodies/Groundwater Sources 114 5.4.4 Surface Water Quality 115 Consulting Engineers Group Ltd MoRTH Rehabilitation and upgrading to 2 lane/2 lane with paved shoulder of EIA /EMP Report Birpur-Udakishanganj Section of NH-106 in the State of Bihar 5.4.5 Flood Hazards 116 5.4.6 Surface Water Hydrology 117 5.4.7 Ground Water Hydrology 117 5.4.8 Noise Quality 118 5.4.8.1 Reference Noise Levels 121 5.4.8.2 Traffic Volumes and Speed 121A-121G 5.5 Biological Environment 122 5.5.1 Flora-Roadside Plantations and Protected Forest Areas 122 5.5.2 Fauna along the Project Road 124 5.5.3 Aquatic Ecology of Kosi 124 5.5.4 Impacts due to Land Acquisition 125 5.5.4.1 Loss of Private Properties 126 5.5.4.2 Common Properties Resources 126 5.5.4.3 Change in Land use 127 5.5.5 Cropping Pattern and Crop Productivity 127 5.5.5.1 Exploitation of Resource base 127 5.5.5.2 Consumption of Natural Resources 128 5.6 Safety 128 5.7 Archaeological Monuments 129 5.8 Accidents Involving hazardous Materials 129 5.9 Cultural Properties 130 5.10 Socio-Economic Environment (a) Impacts 130 5.10.1 Project Displaced Population 130 5.10.2 Positive Social Impacts 131 CHAPTER 6 ADDITIONAL STUDIES 6.1 Stakeholder Consultations 132 6.1.1 Definition of Stakeholder 132 6.1.2 Objective of Stakeholder Consultation 133 6.1.3 Methodology of Consultation 134 6.1.3.1 Stages and Levels of Consultations 134 6.1.3.2 Public Hearing, Schedule IV, under EIA Notification 2006 of MoEF 136 61.4 Issues Raised and Addressal in the Project 136 6.1.4.1 Government of Bihar institutional Meetings 136 6.1.5 Conclusion/Recommendations 149 6.2 Public Hearing 149 6.3 Safety Features in Project Design 175 6.3.1 Preamble 175 6.3.2 Safety Audit Outcomes 175 Consulting Engineers Group Ltd MoRTH Rehabilitation and upgrading to 2 lane/2 lane with paved shoulder of EIA /EMP Report Birpur-Udakishanganj Section of NH-106 in the State of Bihar 6.3.3 Addressal of Safety Issues in Design 181 6.3.4 Other Improvement and Safety Provisions in Project Section 187 6.3.4.1 Traffic Signs 187 6.3.4.2 Road markings and Delineators 188 6.3.4.3 Speed Breaker 189 6.3.4.4 Crash Barrier 189 6.3.4.5 Marking of Overtaking sections, Sight Distance, Night Visibility 189 6.3.4.6 Bus Stop/Bus Bay 191 6.3.4.6 Truck Lay-Bye 192 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAPTER 7 (EMP) 7.1 Introduction 193 7.2 Other Mitigation Plans 193 Social Development and Indigenous People Development Program 193 7.2.1 (IPDP) 7.2.2 Resettlement Plan 193 7.2.3 Emergency Response Plan 193 7.2.4 Environmental monitoring Program (EMoP) 193 7.2.5 Performance Indicators and monitoring schedule 194 7.2.6 Reporting Mechanism for Environmental monitoring Program 194 7.2.7 Institutional Setting and Proposed Implementation Arrangement 194 7.2.8 Institutional Capacity Building 197 7.2.8.1 Training Awareness 197 7.2.8.2 Management System 201 7.2.9 Grievance Redressal Mechanism 201 7.5 Conclusions and Recommendations 201 7.6 Corporate Social Responsibility CHAPTER 8 ENVIRONMENTAL BUDGET REFERENCES Consulting Engineers Group Ltd MoRTH Rehabilitation and upgrading to 2 lane/2 lane with paved shoulder of EIA /EMP Report Birpur-Udakishanganj Section of NH-106 in the State of Bihar LIST OF TABLES Table No Description Page No.